Thermal management system of electric freight vehicle and electric freight vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal management system for an electric freight vehicle and the electric freight vehicle. The thermal management system includes: a battery temperature regulation subsystem including a first pump, a first heat exchange portion, and a first PTC device; the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem comprises a compressor refrigeration module and a PTC heating module, the compressor refrigeration module comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, the PTC heating module comprises a warm air core, a second PTC device and a second pump, and the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem further comprises a second heat exchange part which is connected to the compressor and the condenser in parallel with the evaporator. The second heat exchange part and the first heat exchange part are integrated into a heat exchanger for heat exchange between a coolant in the first coolant pipeline and a refrigerant in the refrigerant pipeline; and a chassis temperature regulation subsystem including a third pump and a chassis heat sink. According to the thermal management system, the thermal management subsystems of the power battery, the passenger compartment and the chassis system are integrated together, so that the light weight and integration of the thermal management system of the electric freight vehicle are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric machinery used in freight distribution centers, and in particular to the technical field of thermal management of electric freight vehicles used in freight distribution centers. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the port machinery industry has gradually transitioned towards electric power. Electric freight vehicles or electric container trucks have been introduced in freight distribution centers such as ports to replace traditional fuel-powered container trucks. The demand for thermal management solutions for such heavy-duty electric freight equipment has increased unprecedentedly.

[0003] Typically, electric freight vehicles, such as electric freight vehicles, include a power battery and a chassis system. The chassis system typically further includes a DC / DC, a four-in-one controller, a motor controller (MCU), and a drive motor. The power battery and various devices in the chassis system require thermal management during vehicle operation. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature of each component in the chassis system, especially the drive motor, does not become too high, and the temperature of the power battery must be maintained within an appropriate range to ensure the durability and safety of the power battery. On the other hand, the passenger compartment or cab of the electric freight vehicle also needs to be precisely temperature-controlled or thermally managed to ensure the comfort of the driver or passengers.

[0004] To meet various thermal management requirements, existing thermal management systems for electric freight vehicles feature multiple independent temperature control circuits to independently control the temperature of the power battery, chassis system, and passenger compartment. This significantly increases the vehicle's total weight. The refrigerant or coolant connections are complex and require numerous joints, which increases the manufacturing, maintenance, and complexity of the thermal management system. Furthermore, the complex piping and numerous joints increase heat loss, negatively impacting thermal efficiency. Furthermore, existing thermal management systems cannot meet the temperature control requirements of some extreme climate environments.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the thermal management system of existing electric freight vehicles and provide a thermal management system that is highly integrated, has low manufacturing and maintenance costs, high thermal efficiency, precise control, and can meet the needs of use in extreme climate environments. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric freight vehicle, comprising: a battery temperature regulation subsystem, the battery temperature regulation subsystem comprising a first pump, a first heat exchange part and a first PTC device, the first pump, the first heat exchange part and the first PTC device being connected via a first coolant pipeline; a passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem, the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem comprising a compressor refrigeration module and a PTC heating module, the compressor refrigeration module comprising a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator being connected via a refrigerant pipeline, and the PTC heating module The thermal module includes a heater core, a second PTC device and a second pump, which are connected via a second coolant line, wherein the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem further includes a second heat exchange part, which is connected to the compressor and the condenser in parallel with the evaporator, and the second heat exchange part and the first heat exchange part are integrated into a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the coolant in the first coolant line and the refrigerant in the refrigerant line; and a chassis temperature regulation subsystem, which includes a third pump and a chassis radiator, which are connected via a third coolant line. The thermal management system according to the present invention integrates the thermal management subsystems of the power battery, passenger compartment and chassis system, reduces the complexity of the pipelines and the number of interfaces, and realizes the lightweight and integrated thermal management system of the electric freight vehicle, and the cooling and heating are respectively performed by the compressor cooling module and the PTC heating module, which can be suitable for use in extreme climate environments.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the chassis radiator and condenser in the thermal management system share a common fan unit. This allows the chassis radiator, condenser, and fan unit to be integrated into a single module and installed in the vehicle, eliminating the need for a separate fan unit for the condenser. This further reduces the weight of the thermal management system in electric freight vehicles.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant piping of the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem includes a first shutoff valve and a first expansion valve between the condenser and the evaporator, and a second shutoff valve and a second expansion valve between the condenser and the second heat exchange unit. By switching the first and second shutoff valves, the compressor cooling module in the electric freight vehicle's thermal management system can selectively cool at least one of the passenger compartment and the battery, eliminating the need for a separate compressor and condenser for cooling the power battery and enabling precise thermal management.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a first sensor is installed in the first coolant line of the battery temperature control subsystem to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the battery pack. A second sensor is installed in the third coolant line of the chassis temperature control subsystem to measure the temperature. The temperatures measured by the first and second sensors enable accurate, real-time thermal management.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, the first coolant line, the second coolant line, and the third coolant line are each connected to an expansion water tank, with the connection points of the expansion water tank being located upstream of the first pump, the second pump, and the third pump, respectively. The provision of the expansion water tank can regulate the water volume and pressure in each coolant line, ensuring stable operation of the system.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, the third coolant line of the chassis temperature control subsystem is connected to the motor electronic control device, wherein the motor electronic control device includes a DC / DC, a four-in-one controller, a motor controller and a drive motor, and the third coolant line is connected in series to each of the DC / DC, the four-in-one controller, the motor controller and the drive motor to facilitate cooling each of them.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, the battery temperature regulation subsystem includes two groups of power battery packs and a three-way valve, which is configured to control the flow of coolant to any one or both of the two groups of power battery packs.

[0013] The utility model also provides an electric freight vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned thermal management system.

[0014] Preferably, in the electric freight vehicle according to the present invention, the chassis radiator, the condenser and the fan device are integrated into one unit to be installed in the chassis of the electric freight vehicle.

[0015] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for thermal management of an electric freight vehicle using the above-mentioned thermal management system, which includes a heating mode and a cooling mode. When operating in the heating mode, at least one of the first PTC device and the second PTC device performs heating; when operating in the cooling mode, the compressor and the condenser operate to enable at least one of the battery temperature regulation subsystem and the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem to perform cooling. The thermal management method according to the present invention integrates the heating and cooling modes of the three thermal management subsystems of the power battery, the passenger compartment and the chassis system, provides a rich set of thermal management modes, and can meet the temperature control requirements of complex use environments.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a second sensor is provided in the third coolant line of the chassis temperature control subsystem, and the third coolant line is connected to an expansion tank. The chassis temperature control subsystem includes a self-circulating cooling mode and an enhanced cooling mode. In the self-circulating cooling mode, the third pump operates and the fan device for the chassis radiator does not operate. In the enhanced cooling mode, the third pump and the fan device operate simultaneously. The chassis temperature control subsystem of the present invention provides two cooling modes to meet the temperature control requirements of different vehicle operating conditions and optimize thermal efficiency.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the chassis radiator and condenser share a common fan assembly. In the method according to the present invention, this shared fan assembly is activated when at least one of the following conditions is met: the chassis temperature control subsystem enters enhanced cooling mode; or the compressor cooling module in the passenger compartment temperature control subsystem is operating. This allows the chassis radiator, condenser, and fan assembly to be integrated into the vehicle, eliminating the need for a separate fan assembly for the condenser and further reducing the weight of the electric freight vehicle.

[0018] Preferably, the rotational speed of the fan device is controlled in stages based on the coolant temperature detected by a second sensor in the coolant line. Specifically, when the detected temperature reaches a first preset temperature value, the fan device is controlled to operate at a first speed. When the detected temperature reaches a second preset temperature value greater than the first preset temperature value, the fan device is controlled to operate at a second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed. By controlling the rotational speed of the fan device in stages based on the coolant temperature, the energy efficiency of chassis system cooling is optimized.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, a first sensor is provided in the first coolant line of the battery temperature regulation subsystem to measure the temperature of the coolant in the line, and an expansion water tank is connected to the first coolant line. In the refrigerant line of the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem, a first shut-off valve and a first expansion valve are provided between the condenser and the evaporator, and a second shut-off valve and a second expansion valve are provided between the condenser and the second heat exchange unit. In cooling mode, the method includes: when the first sensor detects that the temperature exceeds a preset value, the second shut-off valve opens and the first pump runs; when the first sensor detects that the temperature does not exceed the preset value, the second shut-off valve closes and the first pump runs. By switching the first and second shut-off valves, the compressor refrigeration module can selectively cool at least one of the passenger compartment and the battery, thereby achieving precise thermal management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference may be made to the following description of exemplary embodiments considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a thermal management system for an electric freight vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a chassis temperature regulation subsystem for an electric freight vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of an electric freight vehicle equipped with a partial device of a thermal management system according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0024] Reference Signs List

[0025] 1 Thermal Management System

[0026] 10 Battery Temperature Regulation Subsystem

[0027] 11 Pumps

[0028] 12 Expansion tank

[0029] 13 Three-way valve

[0030] 14a, 14b temperature sensors

[0031] 15a, 15b First battery pack

[0032] 16 PTC device

[0033] 19 Heat exchange unit

[0034] 110 First coolant line

[0035] 20 Passenger compartment temperature control subsystem

[0036] 21 Compressor

[0037] 22 Condenser

[0038] 23 Evaporator

[0039] 24a First stop valve

[0040] 25a First expansion valve

[0041] 24b Second stop valve

[0042] 25b Second expansion valve

[0043] 26 Evaporator fan unit

[0044] 35 Expansion tank

[0045] 31 heater core

[0046] 32 pumps

[0047] 33 PTC device

[0048] 34 Heat exchange unit

[0049] 210 Refrigerant pipeline

[0050] 310 Second coolant line

[0051] 40 Chassis temperature regulation subsystem

[0052] 410 coolant line

[0053] 41 Third Pump

[0054] 42 Third water tank

[0055] 43 chassis radiator

[0056] 45a sensor

[0057] 45b sensor

[0058] 48 Fan device

[0059] 50 Motor and electronic control equipment

[0060] 51 DC / DC

[0061] 52 Four-in-one controller

[0062] 53 Motor Controller

[0063] 54 drive motor DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in a variety of other ways different from the description. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions based on actual application situations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0065] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a thermal management system for an electric freight vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. This thermal management system integrates three temperature regulation subsystems: a battery temperature regulation subsystem 10, a passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 20, and a chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40. Under the control of the electric freight vehicle's thermal management controller, these three temperature regulation subsystems 10, 20, and 40 precisely control and regulate the heat of the power battery, passenger compartment (cab), and chassis system, respectively, to ensure the operation of the power battery and chassis system and the comfort of the vehicle's occupants.

[0066] Chassis temperature control subsystem

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40 in the thermal management system includes a chassis radiator 43 and a pump (third pump) 41, which are connected in series via a circulating coolant line 410 (third coolant line). An expansion tank 42 is connected to the coolant line 410, preferably between the motor electronic control device 50 and the pump 41. A fan device 48 is provided to provide airflow to the chassis radiator 43. Figure 3 As shown, the motor electronic control device 50, the fan device 48 and the chassis radiator 43 are all installed in the chassis of the electric freight vehicle.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the motor electronic control device 50 mainly includes a DC / DC 51, a four-in-one controller 52, a motor controller (MCU) 53 and a drive motor 54. These devices are arranged in series along the coolant pipeline, so as to be cooled by the coolant (usually water) flowing through the coolant pipeline.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, two temperature sensors 45a and 45b are arranged in the chassis temperature control subsystem 40, respectively arranged upstream and downstream of the motor electronic control device 50, to measure the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe before entering the motor electronic control device 50 and the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe 410 leaving the motor electronic control device 50. With the help of the measurement values ​​of the sensors, the heat of the motor electronic control device 50 can be accurately controlled in real time.

[0070] Passenger compartment temperature control subsystem

[0071] Figure 1 The figure further illustrates the passenger compartment temperature adjustment subsystem 20 in the thermal management system according to the present invention. The passenger compartment temperature adjustment subsystem 20 mainly includes two parts: a compressor cooling module and a PTC heating module. Based on the control of the thermal management controller, the two modules operate in cooling mode and heating mode respectively.

[0072] The compressor refrigeration module includes, in sequence, a compressor 21, a condenser 22, and an evaporator 23, all connected via a refrigerant line 210. A first shutoff valve 24a and a first expansion valve 25a are provided in the refrigerant line between the condenser 22 and the evaporator 23. Refrigerant line 210 also includes a refrigerant bypass from the condenser 22, which connects to a first heat exchange section 34 of a heat exchanger (plate heat exchanger), allowing refrigerant to flow from the compressor 21 and condenser 22 to the first heat exchange section 34. This refrigerant bypass is also provided with a second shutoff valve 24b and a second expansion valve 25b. Thus, in the compressor refrigeration module, the first shutoff valve 24a, the first expansion valve 25a, and the evaporator 23 are arranged relative to the second shutoff valve 24b, the second expansion valve 25b, and the first heat exchange section 34.

[0073] In a vehicle, the condenser 22 and the chassis radiator 43 can share the same fan unit 48, such as Figure 3 As shown, the condenser 22 is arranged adjacent to the chassis radiator 43 and the fan device 48 in the chassis temperature adjustment subsystem 40, or integrated into a unit. Figure 3 As shown, the compressor 21 is mounted in the chassis of the vehicle.

[0074] In addition, the compressor cooling module of the passenger compartment temperature conditioning subsystem also includes an evaporator fan device 26 , which drives air to move through the evaporator 23 .

[0075] In this way, the compressor refrigeration module in the passenger compartment temperature adjustment subsystem 20 provides three refrigerant (such as R22, R410A, R32 refrigerant, etc.) flow modes: when the first stop valve 24a is opened and the second stop valve 24b is closed, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the first stop valve 24a, the first expansion valve 25a and the evaporator 23, and finally returns to the compressor 21; when the first stop valve 24a is closed and the second stop valve 24b is opened, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the second stop valve 24b, the second expansion valve 25b and the heat exchange part 34, and finally returns to the compressor 21; when the first stop valve 24a and the second stop valve 24b are opened at the same time, the refrigerant flows through the first stop valve 24a and the second stop valve 24b and the first expansion valve 25a and the second expansion valve 25b at the same time.

[0076] In other alternative embodiments, the first stop valve 24a and the second stop valve 24b may also be a three-way regulating valve for switching and flow control of the refrigerant.

[0077] On the other hand, Figure 1As shown, the PTC heating module includes a heater core 31, a pump (second pump) 32, and a PTC device (second PTC device) 33, which are connected together via a coolant line 310. An expansion tank 35 is connected to the coolant line 310, preferably, the expansion tank 35 is connected between the heater core 31 and the pump 32.

[0078] Battery temperature regulation subsystem

[0079] The power battery pack of an electric freight vehicle needs to meet the power battery charging and discharging heat dissipation requirements as well as the need for heat replenishment under specific working conditions, thereby optimizing the power battery life cycle and charging and discharging performance. Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system also includes a battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 for regulating the temperature of the power battery of the electric freight vehicle. The battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 includes a heat exchange unit 19 (the heat exchange unit 19 and the heat exchanger 34 constitute a heat exchanger to achieve heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant in different pipelines), a PTC device (first PTC device) 16, and a pump (first pump) 11. These components are connected in series by a coolant pipeline 110 to transport the coolant (usually water) to the power battery packs 15a and 15b. At the same time, the coolant pipeline 110 is also connected to an expansion tank 12. Preferably, the expansion tank 12 is connected between the heat exchange unit 19 and the pump 11.

[0080] Preferably, temperature sensors 14a and 14b are arranged in the battery temperature regulation subsystem, preferably two, which are arranged upstream and downstream of the power battery packs 15a and 15b respectively, to measure the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline before entering the power battery packs 15a and 15b and the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline after leaving the power battery packs 15a and 15b respectively.

[0081] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the electric freight vehicle includes two independently controllable power battery packs 15a and 15b. These two power battery packs 15a and 15b are interconnected within a coolant circuit 110. The battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 includes a three-way valve 13 downstream of the pump 11 to control the flow of coolant to either or both of the two power battery packs. Preferably, a temperature sensor 14b is positioned between the three-way valve 13 and the pump 11.

[0082] The thermal management system according to the present invention is controlled by a thermal management controller, providing an integrated thermal management method including three parts: the chassis system, the passenger compartment, and the power battery. The thermal management method includes a cooling mode for cooling at least one of the passenger compartment and the power battery, and a heating mode for heating at least one of the passenger compartment and the power battery. Specifically, in the heating mode, at least one of the two PTC devices 16 and 33 in the battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 and the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 20 performs heating; in the cooling mode, in the cooling mode, the compressor 21 and the condenser 22 operate to cause at least one of the battery temperature regulation subsystem and the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem to perform cooling.

[0083] The following, combined Figure 1 The cooling mode and the heating mode executed by the thermal management system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention are described.

[0084] The thermal management system implements a first cooling mode, in which both the passenger compartment and the battery pack require cooling. In this first cooling mode, the first and second shut-off valves 24a, 24b in the passenger compartment temperature control subsystem 20 are simultaneously open, and the pump 11 in the battery temperature control subsystem 10 operates. Refrigerant cooled by the condenser 22 flows through the first shut-off valve 24a and evaporator 23 to provide cabin cooling. Furthermore, the refrigerant flows through the second shut-off valve 24b and cools the coolant in the battery temperature control subsystem through the heat exchanger (second heat exchanger) 34 and the heat exchanger (first heat exchanger) 19. Due to the operation of the pump 11, the coolant in the battery temperature control subsystem 10 flows through the battery packs 15a and 15b, thereby cooling them.

[0085] While the passenger compartment and battery pack are being cooled, the chassis system cooling is selected based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature control subsystem 40. Preferably, the operating modes of the chassis temperature control subsystem 40 include a self-circulating cooling mode and an enhanced cooling mode, and the mode selection is determined based on the measurement results of the temperature sensor. When the first sensor detects that the refrigerant temperature (water temperature) is less than a preset value, such as 50°C, the pump 41 starts running and the fan device does not run; when the temperature sensor detects that the refrigerant temperature (water temperature) is greater than the preset value, both the pump 41 and the fan device 48 start running, and the chassis temperature control subsystem 40 enters the enhanced cooling mode.

[0086] The cooling mode includes a second cooling mode: the cockpit does not require cooling, but the battery pack does. In the second cooling mode, the first shut-off valve 24a in the passenger compartment temperature control subsystem 20 is closed, the second shut-off valve 24b is open, and the pump 11 in the battery temperature control subsystem 10 is operating. This allows all the refrigerant condensed by the condenser 22 to flow through the second shut-off valve 24b, where it is cooled by the heat exchanger, lowering the coolant temperature in the battery temperature control subsystem 10 pipeline. Due to the operation of the pump 11, the coolant in the coolant pipeline 110 flows through the battery packs 15a and / or 15b, placing the coolant in the coolant pipeline 110 in a refrigeration cycle, thereby providing sufficient cooling for the battery pack. While cooling only the battery pack, the operating mode of the chassis temperature control subsystem 40 is selected based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature control subsystem 40.

[0087] The cooling mode also includes a third cooling mode: the cockpit needs to be cooled, but the battery pack does not need to be cooled. In the third cooling mode, the first shut-off valve 24a in the passenger compartment temperature control subsystem 20 is opened, the second shut-off valve 24b is closed, and the pump 11 in the battery temperature control subsystem is running. In this way, all the refrigerant cooled by the condenser 22 flows to the evaporator 23 through the first shut-off valve 24a, providing sufficient cooling effect for the passenger compartment. On the other hand, the pump 11 in the battery temperature control subsystem 10 is running, so that the coolant in the coolant pipe 110 is in a self-circulating flow state, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the battery packs 15a and 15b is balanced. In the third cooling mode, the operating mode of the chassis temperature control subsystem 40 is selected according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature control subsystem 40.

[0088] In cooling mode, whether second shutoff valve 24b is open or closed is preferably determined based on the coolant temperature in line 110, as detected by sensors 14a and 14b in battery temperature regulation subsystem 10. Specifically, when sensors 14a and 14b detect that the coolant temperature in the first coolant line exceeds a preset value, second shutoff valve 24b opens and pump 11 operates, placing first coolant line 110 in a refrigeration cycle. When sensors 14a and 14b detect that the coolant temperature in the first coolant line 110 does not exceed the preset value, second shutoff valve 24b closes and pump 11 operates, placing the coolant in first coolant line 110 in a self-circulating cycle.

[0089] The heating modes executed by the thermal management system include a first heating mode: the passenger compartment and the battery pack need to be heated at the same time. In the first heating mode, the pumps 32 and 11 as well as the PTC devices 33 and 16 are all running. In this way, the coolant in the coolant line 310 in the PTC heating module in the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 20 circulates to heat up the passenger compartment. At the same time, the coolant in the battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 circulates in the coolant line 110, and under the action of the PTC device 16, the temperature of the battery packs 15a and 15b is increased. At this time, the compressor 21 and the condenser 22 are in an inactive state. At the same time, the operating mode of the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40 is selected according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40.

[0090] The heating mode executed in the heating mode includes a second heating mode: the cockpit needs to be heated, but the battery pack does not need to be heated. In the second heating mode, the pump 32 and the PTC device 33 in the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 20 are running, while the pump 11 in the battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 is running, and the PTC device 16 is not running. In this way, the coolant circulation in the coolant pipeline of the PTC heating module of the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 10 warms up the passenger compartment. The operation of the pump 11 in the battery temperature regulation subsystem keeps the coolant in a flowing state, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the battery pack is balanced. At this time, the compressor refrigeration module including the compressor 21 and the condenser 22 is in an inactive state. In the second heating mode, the operating mode of the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40 is also selected according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature regulation subsystem.

[0091] The heating mode executed in the heating mode also includes a third heating mode: the cockpit does not need to be heated, but the battery pack needs to be heated. In the third heating mode, the pump 1 and the PTC device 16 in the battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 are running, and the pump 32 and the PTC device 33 in the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem are not running. The PTC device 16 in the battery temperature regulation subsystem 10 is running to heat the battery pack, and the PTC heating module and the compressor cooling module of the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem 20 are both in an inactive state. In the third heating mode, the operating mode of the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 40 is also selected based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the chassis temperature regulation subsystem 10.

[0092] For a system in which the chassis radiator 43 and the condenser 22 share the same fan device 48, the fan device 48 is started and operated when at least one of the following conditions is met: the chassis temperature control subsystem 40 enters the enhanced cooling mode; and the compressor refrigeration module in the passenger compartment temperature control subsystem 20 is operating.

[0093] A segmented control method can be used to adjust the chassis temperature. Specifically, the fan rotation speed in the fan device 48 is segmented and controlled according to the coolant temperature detected by the sensor provided in the coolant pipeline 410. For example, when the temperature collected by the sensor reaches a first temperature preset value, such as 50°C, the fan device 48 is controlled to operate at 30% of the maximum speed. When the temperature collected by the sensor reaches a second temperature preset value greater than the first temperature preset value, such as 65°C, the fan device 48 is controlled to operate at 70% of the maximum speed. The speed setting of the fan device 48 can also be set as a ratio according to the actual working conditions.

[0094] The thermal management solution of this utility model integrates the thermal management subsystems of the power battery, passenger compartment, and chassis system, reducing piping complexity, equipment, and interfaces. This lightweight thermal management system for electric freight vehicles reduces vehicle weight and manufacturing costs, reduces heat loss, and improves overall thermal efficiency. This thermal management solution precisely controls the temperature of the power battery and passenger compartment, enhancing the safety, durability, and comfort of electric freight vehicles and is proven to be suitable for use in extreme weather conditions.

[0095] Although the present invention is disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric freight vehicle, comprising: A battery temperature regulation subsystem (10), comprising a first pump (11), a first heat exchange portion (19), and a first PTC device (16), wherein the first pump (11), the first heat exchange portion (19), and the first PTC device (16) are connected via a first coolant pipeline; A passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem (20), the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem comprising a compressor cooling module and a PTC heating module, the compressor cooling module comprising a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, the compressor (21), the condenser (22) and the evaporator (23) being connected via a refrigerant pipeline, and the PTC heating module comprising a heater core (31), a second PTC device (33) and a second pump (32), the heater core (31), the second PTC device (33) and the second pump (32) being connected via a second coolant pipeline, wherein the passenger compartment temperature regulation subsystem further comprises a second heat exchange portion (34) connected to the compressor and the condenser in parallel with the evaporator, the second heat exchange portion (34) and the first heat exchange portion (19) being integrated into a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the coolant in the first coolant pipeline and the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipeline; as well as A chassis temperature regulating subsystem (30) includes a third pump (41) and a chassis radiator (43), wherein the third pump (41) and the chassis radiator (43) are connected via a third coolant pipeline.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The chassis radiator (43) and the condenser (22) share a same fan device (48).

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: In the refrigerant pipeline of the passenger compartment temperature adjustment subsystem (20), a first stop valve (24a) and a first expansion valve (25a) are provided between the condenser and the evaporator, and a second stop valve (24b) and a second expansion valve (25b) are provided between the condenser and the second heat exchange part.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The first coolant pipeline of the battery temperature regulation subsystem is provided with a first sensor (45a, 45b) for measuring the temperature of the coolant entering the battery pack; A second sensor (14a, 14b) for measuring temperature is provided in the third coolant pipeline of the chassis temperature regulation subsystem.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The first coolant pipeline, the second coolant pipeline and the third coolant pipeline are respectively connected to expansion water tanks (12, 35, 42), and the access points of the expansion water tanks are respectively arranged upstream of the first pump (11), the second pump (32) and the third pump (41).

6. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The third coolant pipeline of the chassis temperature adjustment subsystem (30) is connected to the motor electronic control device (50), The motor electronic control device includes a DCDC (51), a four-in-one controller (52), a motor controller (53) and a drive motor (54), and the third coolant pipeline cools each of the DCDC, the four-in-one controller, the motor controller and the drive motor in series.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery temperature regulation subsystem includes two groups of power battery packs and a three-way valve, and the three-way valve is configured to control the flow of coolant to any one or both of the two groups of power battery packs.

8. An electric freight vehicle, characterized in that: The electric freight vehicle comprises a thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The electric freight vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The chassis radiator (43) and the condenser (22) share a same fan device (48) and are integrated into a unit and installed in the chassis of the electric freight vehicle.

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