High-safety battery module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a high-safety battery module which comprises a first battery cell module, a second battery cell and a main control module, the first battery cell module is electrically connected with the second battery cell through a relay module, and the relay module is electrically connected with the main control module. And the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the main control module through the voltage and current acquisition module. According to the utility model, the service life of the battery module can be prolonged, and the safety of battery operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a high-safety battery module. Background Art

[0002] With the continued growth and development of the new energy industry, battery safety has become a key industry concern. In battery packs composed of multiple cells, consistency has always been a pain point. Generally, battery module assembly requires that the capacity, voltage differential, and internal resistance of each cell be within 0.5%. Exceeding this range can cause the battery to overcharge and heat up, shortening the life of the battery module. In severe cases, it can lead to battery failure, internal short circuits, and even thermal runaway explosions.

[0003] At the same time, the consistency issue of second-life batteries is particularly prominent when used in groups. Poorly consistent cells will eventually cause excessive voltage differences within the module, rendering the module unusable prematurely and requiring returns or exchanges. This not only affects product quality and customer experience, but also increases after-sales repair costs. Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed to address this issue. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-safety battery module to address the deficiencies of the existing technology. The battery module has good safety and can ensure the safe operation of the battery module to the greatest extent.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-safety battery module includes a first battery cell module, a second battery cell and a main control module, wherein the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the second battery cell through a relay module, the relay module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the main control module through a voltage and current acquisition module.

[0007] As an improvement to the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the relay module has a first state, which is a state in which no abnormality is detected in the battery cells in the first battery cell module. In the first state, the multiple battery cells in the first battery cell module are connected in series through the relay of the relay module.

[0008] As an improvement to the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the relay module has a second state, which is a state in which an abnormality is detected in a battery cell in the first battery cell module. In the second state, at least one of the multiple battery cells of the first battery cell module is connected in parallel to the second battery cell through the relay of the relay module. In the second state, the second battery cell can replace one of the abnormally operating batteries in the first battery cell module, thereby effectively improving the consistency of the battery module.

[0009] As an improvement to the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the number of cells in the first cell module is equal to the number of relays in the relay module, and each relay is connected to each cell in the first cell module in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0010] As an improvement of the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the voltage and current acquisition module has a temperature detection unit electrically connected to the first battery cell module and the main control module respectively. The voltage and current acquisition module and the main control module can both detect the operating conditions of the battery cells of the first battery cell module through the temperature detection unit.

[0011] As an improvement of the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module through a first shutdown protection module.

[0012] As an improvement of the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the main control module through a second shutdown protection module.

[0013] As an improvement of the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module through a shunt. The shunt is used to assist the voltage and current acquisition module in detecting the real-time current of charging and discharging. At the same time, overcurrent warning judgment and control can be performed based on the real-time current of charging and discharging detected by the shunt to realize charging and discharging protection.

[0014] As an improvement to the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the main control module via a voltage regulation module.

[0015] As an improvement to the high-safety battery module of the present invention, the main control module is electrically connected to a communication module, and the communication module can send operating information of the battery module to a terminal device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention includes a first battery cell module, a second battery cell and a main control module, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the second battery cell through a relay module, the relay module is electrically connected to the main control module, the first battery cell module is electrically connected to the main control module through a voltage and current acquisition module, the main control module can control the action of the relay module and control the normal operation of the first battery cell module and the second battery cell, the relay module is used to replace the second battery cell into the first battery cell module, the voltage and current acquisition module is used to collect and detect the voltage and current values ​​of the first battery cell module to monitor the operation of the first battery cell module, when there is an abnormal operation of the battery cell in the first battery cell module, the battery cell circuit conversion is completed by controlling the relay module, thereby preventing the abnormality in the first battery cell module from interfering with the normal operation of the entire battery module, thereby effectively improving the operation safety and consistency of the battery module, and increasing the service life of the battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the operating principle diagram of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a first battery cell module, a relay module, and a second battery cell according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a voltage and current acquisition module, a main control module, a first shutdown protection module, and a second shutdown protection module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the main control module and voltage regulation module of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the main control module connected to the communication module of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0023] Among them: 1. First battery cell module; 2. Second battery cell; 3. Main control module; 4. Relay module; 5. Voltage and current acquisition module; 6. First shutdown protection module; 7. Second shutdown protection module; 8. Voltage regulation module; 9. BMS protection board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] If certain words are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components, those skilled in the art should understand that manufacturers may use different terms to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not use differences in name as a way to distinguish components, but rather use differences in the functions of the components as the criteria for distinction. For example, the term "including" mentioned throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". "Approximately" means that within an acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can solve technical problems within a certain error range and basically achieve technical effects.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0026] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A high-safety battery module, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 , including a first battery cell module 1, a second battery cell 2 and a main control module 3. The first battery cell module 1 can have 4 to 16 battery cells. The first battery cell module 1 is electrically connected to the second battery cell 2 through a relay module 4. The relay module 4 is electrically connected to the main control module 3. The first battery cell module 1 is electrically connected to the main control module 3 through a voltage and current acquisition module 5. The main control module 3 controls the action of the relay module 4 by receiving the detection signal of the voltage and current acquisition module 5.

[0029] Among them, the relay module 4 has a first state, which is a state where no abnormality is detected in the battery cells of the first battery cell module 1. In the first state, the multiple battery cells of the first battery cell module 1 are connected in series through the relay of the relay module 4.

[0030] In addition, the relay module 4 has a second state, in which the battery cell in the first battery cell module 1 is detected to be abnormal. In the second state, at least one of the multiple battery cells in the first battery cell module 1 is connected in parallel to the second battery cell 2 through the relay of the relay module 4.

[0031] For example, see Figure 2, the first cell module 1 has four cells B1, B2, B3 and B4 in series, which have the same capacity, pressure difference and internal resistance. In the first state, the B1 cell, B2 cell, B3 cell and B4 cell are connected in series respectively through the K1 relay, K2 relay, K3 relay and K4 relay of the relay module 4. The K1 relay, K2 relay, K3 relay and K4 relay are all double-pole double-throw relays. When one of the B1 cell, B2 cell, B3 cell and B4 cell is abnormal, any one of the K1 relay, K2 relay, K3 relay and K4 relay can be transferred to the Figure 2 A1 in the figure is used as the second battery cell 2 for replacement, thereby eliminating the abnormal operation of the battery module and effectively extending the service life of the battery module.

[0032] In addition, the number of cells in the first cell module 1 is equal to the number of relays in the relay module 4 , and each relay is connected to each cell in the first cell module 1 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0033] Preferably, in order to enable the voltage and current acquisition module 5 to detect the operating temperature of the first battery module 1, see Figure 3 The voltage and current acquisition module 5 has a temperature detection unit electrically connected to the first battery module 1 and the main control module 3 respectively.

[0034] Specifically, the voltage and current acquisition module 5 is an AFE analog front-end chip, whose model can be MS9920T, MS9930T or MS9940T, and the temperature detection unit can be a MOS tube with a temperature detection function or Figure 3 The NTC1 thermistor in the main control module 3 is an MCU processor, whose model can be selected as needed and can be a 16-bit, 32-bit, or 64-bit processor. The main control module 3 can be equipped with an NTC2 thermistor or a MOS tube with a temperature detection function to detect the operating temperature of the battery module. Both the NTC1 thermistor and the NTC2 thermistor can be power-type NTC thermistors.

[0035] During the operation of the battery module, the AFE analog front-end chip can collect the battery voltage and charge and discharge current of each cell in B1, B2, B3 and B4, and then transmit the collected information to the MCU processor. The MCU processor performs logical processing on the information and controls the operating circuit of the AFE analog front-end chip to perform corresponding protection actions. At the same time, the operating circuit of the AFE analog front-end chip will also judge the external situation according to its own logic, and achieve the effect of self-protection by collecting the voltage in the circuit, the voltage and temperature of each battery, and transmit the corresponding protection information to the MCU processor.

[0036] When the temperature detection unit is a MOSFET with temperature detection, the AFE analog front-end chip and the MCU processor respectively collect the temperature of the MOSFET and the temperature of the external battery cell. The MCU processor determines the temperature and takes appropriate protective action if the temperature exceeds the set temperature. If the temperature of a battery cell in the circuit exceeds the set temperature, the MCU processor sends a command to the relay driver to replace the abnormal battery cell and the A1 battery cell in the circuit.

[0037] Preferably, the first battery cell module 1 is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module 5 through the first shutdown protection module 6, the first shutdown protection module 6 can be formed by connecting the Q1 field effect tube and the Q2 field effect tube, the first battery cell module 1 is electrically connected to the main control module 3 through the second shutdown protection module 7, the second shutdown protection module 7 can be formed by connecting the resistor R2, the diode D1, the Q1 field effect tube and the Q2 field effect tube, the first battery cell module 1 is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module 5 through the shunt, the shunt is the resistor R1, the resistor R1 and the Q1 field effect tube are both connected to the resistor R2, and during operation, the AFE analog front-end chip can effectively detect the size of the charge and discharge current. Among them, the resistor R1 is a resistor that generates a low resistance channel as a shunt resistor, which can detect DC current and monitor high current, and the resistance value of the resistor R2 can be selected as needed.

[0038] Preferably, the first battery module 1 is electrically connected to the main control module 3 via the voltage control module 8. Figure 4 The voltage control module 8 has a DC / DC voltage conversion module and a low-voltage difference linear regulator that are electrically connected. The voltage of the first battery module 1 is input into the voltage control module 8 and converted into a 12V voltage by the DC / DC voltage conversion module and then supplied to the entire BMS protection board 9. The 12V is then converted into 3.3V and 5V by the LDO low-voltage difference linear regulator to supply peripheral components on the board. Among them, the 5V needs to be power-isolated.

[0039] Preferably, the main control module 3 is electrically connected to the communication module, see Figure 5 The communication module can be a 485 communication module or a CAN communication module. The 485 communication module and the CAN communication module communicate with the outside world after passing through the isolation chip and the transceiver chip. The battery access adopts a relay method, which can be switched arbitrarily. At the same time, the spare battery cell can also be connected to any position.

[0040] Preferably, the first battery cell module 1 and the second battery cell 2 are arranged in parallel, and the main control module 3, the relay module 4, the voltage and current acquisition module 5, the first shutdown protection module 6, the second shutdown protection module 7, the shunt, the voltage regulation module 8 and the communication module can all be installed in the BMS protection board 9, and then the BMS protection board 9 is installed on one side of the first battery cell module 1 and the second battery cell 2.

[0041] When the entire circuit and battery module are used in other devices, if one of the batteries in the first battery module 1 has a problem, the battery A1 will be replaced, so that the entire circuit and battery module do not need to be replaced.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Different from Example 1, the first battery cell module 1 is further electrically connected to the main control module 3 via a pre-charging resistor. By adding the pre-charging function, the life of the battery cell can be effectively extended and swelling of the battery cell can be avoided.

[0044] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1 and will not be described again here.

[0045] This utility model controls cell switching by collecting cell voltage and temperature data. Throughout the module's lifecycle, spare cells can be replaced in the event of an emergency, eliminating the need for battery replacement. This achieves a maintenance-free module, improves user experience, and saves on after-sales repair costs. This not only enhances the module's safety performance and avoids potential safety hazards caused by battery consistency issues, but also extends the module's lifecycle and improves battery stability.

[0046] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above description, those skilled in the art will be able to make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any obvious improvements, substitutions, or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present utility model fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, although certain specific terms are used in this description, these terms are for convenience only and do not constitute any limitation on the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-safety battery module, characterized in that: include: A first battery cell module (1), a second battery cell (2) and a main control module (3), wherein the first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the second battery cell (2) via a relay module (4), the relay module (4) is electrically connected to the main control module (3), and the first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the main control module (3) via a voltage and current acquisition module (5).

2. The high-safety battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The relay module (4) has a first state. In the first state, the plurality of battery cells of the first battery cell module (1) are connected in series via the relay of the relay module (4).

3. The high-safety battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The relay module (4) has a second state. In the second state, at least one of the multiple battery cells of the first battery cell module (1) is connected in parallel to the second battery cell (2) via the relay of the relay module (4).

4. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of cells in the first cell module (1) is equal to the number of relays in the relay module (4), and each relay is connected to each cell in the first cell module (1) in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The voltage and current acquisition module (5) has a temperature detection unit electrically connected to the first battery core module (1) and the main control module (3) respectively.

6. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module (5) via a first shutdown protection module (6).

7. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the main control module (3) via a second shutdown protection module (7).

8. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the voltage and current acquisition module (5) via a shunt.

9. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first battery cell module (1) is electrically connected to the main control module (3) via a voltage regulation module (8).

10. The high-safety battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The main control module (3) is electrically connected to the communication module.

Images