Multi-section perovskite coating composite drying device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of perovskite battery equipment, and discloses a multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device, which is provided with a composite drying structure and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, the composite drying structure comprises an infrared drying area, a hot air drying area and a vacuum drying area, and an infrared device is arranged on the inner surface of the infrared drying area; a hot air circulating system is arranged in the hot air drying area and comprises an air blowing mechanism and a heating mechanism. A vacuum pump is arranged in the vacuum drying area; articles needing to be dried are conveyed among the infrared drying area, the hot air drying area and the vacuum drying area through a conveying belt, and air outlets are designed in the infrared drying area and the hot air drying area; internal circuits of the infrared drying area, the hot air drying area and the vacuum drying area are independently controlled by the PLC control system; the device is high in drying efficiency, can be flexibly combined and adjusted according to requirements, and adapts to different production conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of perovskite battery equipment, in particular to a multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite coating composite technology is one of the key methods currently used to produce high-efficiency, low-cost solar cells. This technology forms a perovskite film with excellent photoelectric properties by coating the perovskite material onto a conductive substrate and then performing drying, annealing, and other process steps. Drying is another key step in the perovskite film preparation process. During the drying process, parameters such as temperature and humidity must be controlled to ensure uniform and rapid curing of the perovskite film. Combining coating and drying techniques to create a perovskite coating composite drying device can significantly improve the production efficiency and performance of perovskite solar cells.

[0003] In the existing technology, perovskite coating composite drying equipment often faces the problems of insufficient drying speed and poor drying effect, and cannot be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the drying requirements of different perovskites. In addition, the volatilization and emission of solvents during the drying process not only cause environmental pollution, but also waste precious resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved: In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device, which combines infrared, hot air and vacuum drying technologies to form a multi-stage composite drying system, taking into account both drying speed and effect. Each stage of the drying system is modular and can be flexibly combined and adjusted according to needs to adapt to different production conditions. In addition, it is designed with a solvent recovery system to condense and recover the solvent evaporated during the drying process, thereby reducing environmental pollution and waste of resources. This solves the problems in the existing technology that the perovskite coating composite drying device often faces, such as insufficient drying speed, poor drying effect, inability to flexibly adjust to adapt to the drying needs of different perovskites, and the volatilization and emission of solvents during the drying process not only cause environmental pollution but also waste precious resources.

[0005] (2) Technical solution: In order to achieve the purpose of flexible control of the above-mentioned drying requirements, high drying efficiency and fast speed, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device, installed inside the coating machine, provided with a composite drying structure and a PLC control system, the composite drying structure includes an infrared drying area, a hot air drying area, and a vacuum drying area, the inner surface of the infrared drying area is provided with an infrared device, when the infrared device is turned on, it irradiates infrared radiation into the interior of the infrared drying area; a hot air circulation system is provided inside the hot air drying area, and the hot air circulation system includes a blowing mechanism and a heating mechanism; a vacuum pump is provided inside the vacuum drying area; the items to be dried are transmitted between the infrared drying area, the hot air drying area, and the vacuum drying area through a conveyor belt, and the infrared drying area and the hot air drying area are both designed with air outlets; the internal circuits of the infrared drying area, the hot air drying area, and the vacuum drying area are all individually controlled by the PLC control system.

[0006] Preferably, when the perovskite to be dried is dried inside the device, the order of the paths is the infrared drying zone, the hot air drying zone, and the vacuum drying zone. Valves are provided between the infrared drying zone, the hot air drying zone, and the vacuum drying zone, and the valves and the conveyor belt are controlled by a PLC control system; an outlet is connected to the rear of the vacuum drying zone, and a valve is provided between the outlet and the vacuum drying zone.

[0007] Preferably, an air lock is provided between the vacuum drying zone, the hot air drying zone and the outlet, and when the valve between the vacuum drying zone, the hot air drying zone and the outlet is opened, the air lock is opened synchronously.

[0008] Preferably, the infrared device is an infrared lamp or an infrared heating plate.

[0009] Preferably, the blowing mechanism is a blower, and the heating mechanism is a heater. The blowing mechanism blows external air to the heating mechanism, and the air enters the hot air drying zone after passing through the heating mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the air outlet is arranged above the infrared drying area and the hot air drying area, and the air outlet leads to a recovery chamber. A condensation system is provided inside the recovery chamber, and the condensation system includes a compressor and a condenser. A collection tank is provided below the condenser, and the collection tank is made of corrosion-resistant material. The condenser and the compressor are connected by a pipe, and the recovery chamber is provided with an exhaust port.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting trough is of a pull-out type, with a slide rail provided underneath, the slide rail being fixed to the inner wall of the recovery chamber, the collecting trough passes through the outer surface of the device to reach the recovery chamber, and a handle is provided on the outside of the collecting trough.

[0012] Preferably, the conveyor belt is divided into three sections, the speed and width of the conveyor belts are the same, a track and a pressure sensor are designed under the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt can move along the track under the control of the PLC control system; when the valve is opened, the adjacent conveyor belts move closer to each other and merge until the pressure on the conveyor belt in front is 0, then the adjacent conveyor belts are separated and the valve is closed.

[0013] Preferably, temperature sensors are provided inside the infrared drying zone, the hot air drying zone and the vacuum drying zone, and a pressure sensor is provided inside the vacuum drying zone. The temperature sensors and the pressure sensors transmit data to a PLC control system.

[0014] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device with the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device is equipped with a composite drying structure and a PLC control system. The composite drying structure includes an infrared drying zone, a hot air drying zone, and a vacuum drying zone. The internal circuits of these zones are independently controlled by the PLC control system. In conjunction with feedback from temperature and pressure sensors, this system enables flexible combination and adjustment of materials with different drying requirements, adapting to different production conditions. During the drying process, the substrate first enters the infrared drying zone. This zone uses the powerful energy of infrared radiation to rapidly heat the substrate surface, effectively promoting the rapid evaporation of surface solvents and laying a solid foundation for subsequent in-depth drying. The substrate is then transported to the hot air drying zone. Through an efficient hot air circulation system, hot air penetrates the substrate interior, further removing deep-seated solvents and ensuring comprehensive and uniform drying. Finally, the substrate enters the vacuum drying zone, which is the most critical step in the entire drying process. In a near-vacuum environment, the boiling point of the solvent is significantly lowered, allowing for the complete removal of residual solvents. At the same time, the vacuum environment effectively isolates oxygen, protecting the material from oxidative damage. The close coordination and seamless connection of the three drying areas not only effectively improves the drying speed, but also demonstrates significant advantages in ensuring product quality.

[0016] 2. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device has an air outlet leading to a recovery chamber. The recovery chamber is equipped with a condensation system, which includes a compressor and a condenser pipe. A collection tank is provided below the condenser pipe. The collection tank is made of corrosion-resistant material. The condenser pipe and the compressor are connected by a pipe. The recovery chamber is provided with an exhaust port. The collection tank is a pull-out type with a slide rail provided below. The slide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the recovery chamber. The collection tank passes through the outer surface of the device to reach the recovery chamber. A handle is provided on the outside of the collection tank. This design allows the hot air passing through the hot air drying area and the infrared drying area to rise and flow into the recovery chamber. The hot air condenses through the condenser pipe inside the recovery chamber. The solution in the hot air condenses into small droplets when it is cooled and drips into the collection tank below. In order to facilitate operation and maintenance, the collection tank adopts a pull-out design and is cleverly installed with a slide rail on the inner wall of the recovery chamber, so that the collection tank can slide easily in and out of the device. The operator only needs to hold the handle outside the collection tank and gently pull it to extract the collection tank full of solvent from the recovery chamber for subsequent solution treatment or recovery work. This design not only simplifies the operation process, but also greatly improves work efficiency and safety. It also removes solvents from hot air, achieving solution recovery while avoiding pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and internal drying area structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drying area of ​​the utility model from a top view;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the drying area and recovery chamber of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Infrared drying area; 101. Infrared device; 2. Hot air drying area; 21. Hot air circulation system; 211. Blowing mechanism; 212. Heating mechanism; 3. Vacuum drying area; 31. Vacuum pump; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Air outlet; 6. Valve; 7. Air lock; 8. Exit; 9. Recovery chamber; 91. Condensation system; 911. Condensation pipe; 912. Compressor; 913. Collection tank; 914. Slide rail; 915. Pipeline; 916. Exhaust port; 917. Handle; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-3 A multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device is installed inside the coating machine and is equipped with a composite drying structure and a PLC control system. The composite drying structure includes an infrared drying area 1, a hot air drying area 2, and a vacuum drying area 3, and the items to be dried move in this order in the device. The inner surface of the infrared drying area 1 is provided with an infrared device 101, which can be an infrared lamp or an infrared heating plate. When the infrared device 101 is turned on, it irradiates infrared radiation into the interior of the infrared drying area 1, and uses the powerful energy of infrared radiation to quickly heat the surface of the substrate, effectively promoting The rapid evaporation of the surface solvent lays a solid foundation for the subsequent in-depth drying. The hot air drying zone 2 is internally provided with a hot air circulation system 21, which includes a blower mechanism 211 and a heating mechanism 212. The blower mechanism 211 is a blower, and the heating mechanism 212 is a heater. The blower mechanism 211 blows external air to the heating mechanism 212, and the air enters the hot air drying zone 2 after passing through the heating mechanism 212. Through the efficient hot air circulation system 21, the hot air penetrates the interior of the substrate, further removing the deep solvent, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the drying. Vacuum A vacuum pump 31 is provided inside the drying zone 3. The vacuum pump 31 works in the vacuum drying zone 3 to reduce the air pressure in the vacuum drying zone 3. In a near-vacuum environment, the boiling point of the solvent is significantly reduced, so that the residual solvent can be completely removed. At the same time, the vacuum environment also effectively isolates oxygen and protects the material from oxidation damage. The items to be dried are transmitted between the infrared drying zone 1, the hot air drying zone 2, and the vacuum drying zone 3 through the conveyor belt 4. The infrared drying zone 1 and the hot air drying zone 2 are both designed with an air outlet 5. The air outlet 5 is upward, so that the hot air rises and leaves the area by virtue of the low pressure. On; the internal circuits of the infrared drying area 1, the hot air drying area 2, and the vacuum drying area 3 are all individually controlled by the PLC control system. Temperature sensors 11 are provided inside the infrared drying area 1, the hot air drying area 2, and the vacuum drying area 3, and a pressure sensor 10 is provided inside the vacuum drying area 3. The temperature sensor 11 and the pressure sensor 10 transmit data to the PLC control system. The PLC control system cooperates with the temperature sensor 11 and the pressure sensor 10 to collect data feedback, thereby realizing flexible on-demand combination and adjustment of materials with different drying requirements, and can adapt to different production conditions.

[0023] See also Figure 2A valve 6 is provided between the infrared drying zone 1, the hot air drying zone 2 and the vacuum drying zone 3. The valve 6 and the conveyor belt 4 are controlled by the PLC control system; an outlet 8 is connected to the rear of the vacuum drying zone 3, and the outlet 8 leads to the next step of the device. A valve 6 is provided between the outlet 8 and the vacuum drying zone 3; the PLC control system can be manually controlled by the staff to open and close the valve 6, or it can be calculated according to the moving speed of the conveyor belt 4 and the length of each drying chamber to realize automatic opening and closing.

[0024] See also Figure 2 An air lock 7 is provided between the vacuum drying zone 3 and the hot air drying zone 2 and the outlet 8. When the valve 6 between the vacuum drying zone 3 and the hot air drying zone 2 and the outlet 8 is opened, the air lock 7 is opened synchronously. The air lock 7 can allow articles to enter and exit without destroying the vacuum environment, so that the low-pressure environment inside the vacuum drying zone 3 is not destroyed.

[0025] See also Figure 3 The air outlet 5 leads to the recovery chamber 9. A condensation system 91 is provided inside the recovery chamber 9. The condensation system 91 includes a compressor 912 and a condensing pipe 911. A collecting tank 913 is provided below the condensing pipe 911. The collecting tank 913 is a pull-out type and is provided with a slide rail 914 below. The slide rail 914 is fixed to the inner wall of the recovery chamber 9. The collecting tank 913 passes through the outer surface of the device to reach the recovery chamber 9. A handle 917 is provided on the outside of the collecting tank 913. The collecting tank 913 is made of corrosion-resistant material. The operator only needs to hold the handle 917 on the outside of the collecting tank 913 and pull it gently to extract the collecting tank 913 full of solvent from the recovery chamber 9 for subsequent solution treatment or recovery work. The condensing pipe 911 and the compressor 912 are connected by a pipe 915. The recovery chamber 9 is provided with an exhaust port 916 to prevent gas accumulation in the recovery chamber 9.

[0026] See also Figure 2 The conveyor belt 4 is divided into three sections. The speed and width of the conveyor belt 4 are the same. A track and a pressure sensor 10 are designed under the conveyor belt 4. The conveyor belt 4 can move along the track under the control of the PLC control system; when the valve 6 is opened, the adjacent conveyor belts 4 move closer to each other and merge, so that the items on the front conveyor belt 4 are transferred to the rear conveyor belt 4, until the pressure on the front conveyor belt 4 is 0, indicating that all the items on the front conveyor belt 4 have been successfully transferred. At this time, the adjacent conveyor belts 4 are separated and the valve is closed again.

[0027] In the drying process, the substrate first enters the infrared drying zone 1, which uses the powerful energy of infrared radiation to quickly heat the surface of the substrate, effectively promoting the rapid evaporation of the surface solvent and laying a solid foundation for subsequent in-depth drying. Next, the substrate is transported to the hot air drying zone 2. Through the efficient hot air circulation system 21, the hot air penetrates the interior of the substrate and further removes the deep solvent, ensuring the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the drying. Finally, the substrate enters the vacuum drying zone 3, which is the most critical link in the entire drying process. In a near-vacuum environment, the boiling point of the solvent is significantly reduced, allowing the residual solvent to be completely removed. At the same time, the vacuum environment also effectively isolates oxygen and protects the material from oxidative damage. At the same time, the hot air passing through the hot air drying zone 2 and the infrared drying zone 1 rises and leads to the recovery chamber 9. It is condensed through the condenser 911 inside the recovery chamber 9. The solution in the hot air condenses into small droplets when it is cold and drips into the collection tank 913 below, realizing the recovery of the solution and the removal of the solution in the gas.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device is installed inside the coating machine and is equipped with a composite drying structure and a PLC control system. It is characterized by: The composite drying structure comprises an infrared drying zone (1), a hot air drying zone (2), and a vacuum drying zone (3); an infrared device (101) is provided on the inner surface of the infrared drying zone (1); when the infrared device (101) is turned on, it irradiates infrared radiation into the interior of the infrared drying zone (1); a hot air circulation system (21) is provided inside the hot air drying zone (2), and the hot air circulation system (21) comprises a blower mechanism (211) and a heating mechanism (212); a vacuum pump (31) is provided inside the vacuum drying zone (3); articles to be dried are transmitted between the infrared drying zone (1), the hot air drying zone (2), and the vacuum drying zone (3) through a conveyor belt (4); the infrared drying zone (1) and the hot air drying zone (2) are both designed with an air outlet (5); and the internal circuits of the infrared drying zone (1), the hot air drying zone (2), and the vacuum drying zone (3) are all individually controlled by a PLC control system.

2. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the perovskite to be dried is dried inside the device, the order of the paths is the infrared drying zone (1), the hot air drying zone (2), and the vacuum drying zone (3). A valve (6) is provided between the infrared drying zone (1), the hot air drying zone (2), and the vacuum drying zone (3). The valve (6) and the conveyor belt (4) are both controlled by a PLC control system. An outlet (8) is connected to the rear of the vacuum drying zone (3), and a valve (6) is provided between the outlet (8) and the vacuum drying zone (3).

3. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air lock (7) is provided between the vacuum drying zone (3), the hot air drying zone (2) and the outlet (8). When the valve (6) between the vacuum drying zone (3), the hot air drying zone (2) and the outlet (8) is opened, the air lock (7) is opened synchronously.

4. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared device (101) is an infrared lamp or an infrared heating plate.

5. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing mechanism (211) is a blower, and the heating mechanism (212) is a heater. The air blowing mechanism (211) blows external air to the heating mechanism (212), and the air enters the hot air drying zone (2) after passing through the heating mechanism (212).

6. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet (5) is arranged above the infrared drying area (1) and the hot air drying area (2), and the air outlet (5) leads to a recovery chamber (9). A condensation system (91) is arranged inside the recovery chamber (9), and the condensation system (91) includes a compressor (912) and a condensation pipe (911). A collection tank (913) is arranged below the condensation pipe (911), and the collection tank (913) is made of a corrosion-resistant material. The condensation pipe (911) and the compressor (912) are connected by a pipe (915), and the recovery chamber (9) is provided with an exhaust port (916).

7. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collecting trough (913) is of a pull-out type, with a slide rail (914) provided below. The slide rail (914) is fixed to the inner wall of the recovery chamber (9). The collecting trough (913) passes through the outer surface of the device to reach the recovery chamber (9). A handle (917) is provided on the outside of the collecting trough (913).

8. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveyor belt (4) is divided into three sections. The speed and width of the conveyor belt (4) are the same. A track and a pressure sensor (10) are designed under the conveyor belt (4). The conveyor belt (4) can move along the track under the control of a PLC control system. When the valve (6) is opened, the adjacent conveyor belts (4) move closer to each other and merge until the pressure on the conveyor belt (4) located in front is 0, and then the adjacent conveyor belts (4) are separated and the valve (6) is closed.

9. The multi-stage perovskite coating composite drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature sensors (11) are provided inside the infrared drying zone (1), the hot air drying zone (2), and the vacuum drying zone (3), and a pressure sensor (10) is provided inside the vacuum drying zone (3). The temperature sensor (11) and the pressure sensor (10) transmit data to a PLC control system.

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