Airtight clamp for turning differential shell and main shaft

Abstract

The utility model discloses an airtight clamp and a main shaft for turning a differential shell. The airtight clamp comprises a shaft core, a main shaft assembly arranged on the outer wall of the circumference of the shaft core, an airtight clamp assembly arranged at one end of the shaft core, a rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly arranged at the other end of the shaft core and a rotary connector assembly arranged at one end of the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly. An air guide rod is arranged in the shaft core, a pull rod is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod, the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly is arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod, and the pull rod is located in the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly; the motor rotor and the motor stator are matched with the shaft core in a sleeved mode, so that efficient power transmission and stable operation are achieved. The rigidity and the stability of the main shaft are improved through high-rigidity support of the angular contact radial thrust ball bearing and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing; through the arrangement of the rear bearing seat, the front bearing seat, the rear bearing gland and the front bearing gland, long-term stable operation of the bearings is ensured, errors are reduced, and high machining precision of differential shell parts is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of differential housing machining, in particular to an airtight fixture and a main shaft used for turning the differential housing. Background Art

[0002] The automotive differential is a transmission mechanism that enables the left and right drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. It is essential for driving the wheels through corners or forcing them through complex road conditions. It primarily consists of left and right axle gears, two planetary gears, and a housing. The differential housing is a critical component of the differential assembly, and its machining quality directly impacts the meshing accuracy and noise performance of the bevel gears, accounting for approximately half of the differential assembly's value. Currently, the lathe spindles used to machine differential housings mostly feature front and rear angular contact ball bearings, which have poor radial stiffness and are belt-driven. Consequently, these lathes often fail to meet the stringent dimensional accuracy and surface finish requirements for differential housings in new energy vehicles. Furthermore, due to the high production volume of differential housings, automated loading and unloading is often used for automated machining. However, due to robot errors and the influence of debris, the part's machining datum cannot always maintain close contact with the fixture's positioning surface. The resulting machining errors can lead to component scrapping and even wholesale insurance premiums.

[0003] To solve the above problems, this patent proposes an airtight fixture and spindle for the turning of differential housings. The airtight fixture detects in real time whether the workpiece and the fixture are accurately positioned. The high-rigidity direct-drive electric spindle can reduce vibration and improve the surface finish of the machined parts.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the shortcomings of the above problems, an airtight fixture and a spindle for turning a differential case are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an airtight fixture and a main shaft for turning a differential housing.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case, comprising: a shaft core, a spindle assembly arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the shaft core, an airtight fixture assembly arranged at one end of the shaft core, a rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly arranged at the other end of the shaft core, and a rotary joint assembly arranged at one end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly;

[0007] An air guide rod is provided in the shaft core, a pull rod is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod, the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod, and the pull rod is located inside the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly;

[0008] The rotary joint assembly includes: a rotary joint shaft, one end of the rotary joint shaft is connected to the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly, a penetrating air inlet is opened on one side of the rotary joint shaft, an external air tightness detection sensor is provided at the end of the air inlet away from the air guide rod, a rotary joint bushing is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the rotary joint shaft, and a rotary joint bearing is provided between the rotary joint bushing and the rotary joint shaft.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet is communicated with the air guide rod.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main shaft assembly includes a motor rotor, which is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core, and the circumferential outer wall of the motor rotor is sleeved on the motor stator.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a main shaft box is fixedly mounted on the circumferential outer wall of the motor stator.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rear bearing seat and a front bearing seat are fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the spindle box.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the motor stator and the motor rotor are located between the rear bearing seat and the front bearing seat, the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core is sleeved with an angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing, the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core is sleeved with a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, and the angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing are located between the front bearing seat and the shaft core.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rear bearing cover is fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the rear bearing seat, and the rear bearing cover is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a front bearing cover is fixedly mounted on one side of the front bearing seat, and the front bearing cover is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one side of the front bearing cover is engaged with the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one side of the front bearing cover is fixedly connected to the airtight clamp assembly, one side of the airtight clamp assembly is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks, one side of the airtight clamp assembly is provided with a clamping claw, and the clamping claw is located between the plurality of positioning blocks.

[0018] The present invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention provides an airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case. The motor rotor and stator are fitted together with the shaft core to achieve efficient power transmission and stable operation. In particular, the high-rigidity support of the angular contact radial thrust ball bearing and double-row cylindrical roller bearing significantly improves the rigidity and stability of the spindle. Furthermore, the precise installation of the rear and front bearing seats, as well as the provision of the rear and front bearing covers, further ensure long-term stable operation of the bearings, reduce errors, and thus guarantee high-precision machining of the differential case parts.

[0020] (2) The present invention provides an airtight fixture and spindle for turning the differential housing. By combining the airtight fixture assembly with the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly, an automated clamping and processing process is achieved, which significantly reduces manual intervention and improves production efficiency and operational consistency. The fixed connection between the front bearing cover and the airtight fixture assembly, as well as the use of positioning blocks and clamping claws, not only improves the positioning accuracy of the fixture, but also enhances the clamping stability of the workpiece, effectively preventing movement during the processing. This automation and intelligent implementation further improves production efficiency while ensuring the consistency and reliability of processing quality.

[0021] (3) The present invention provides an airtight fixture and spindle for turning the differential housing. The airtight fixture and spindle are connected to the external airtight detection sensor through the air guide rod and the air inlet in the rotary joint assembly. The airtightness detection sensor can detect the contact between the workpiece and the fixture in a timely manner. Once the positioning is inaccurate, the alarm is immediately triggered to shut down the machine, effectively preventing the production of unqualified parts. This real-time monitoring mechanism significantly reduces the scrap rate and saves production costs. At the same time, the system design is reasonable, the components are closely matched, and it is easy to maintain and replace, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and increase the service life of the equipment, further enhancing the economy and sustainability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the device body of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a front structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a linear representation of the total deformation curve c which is the superposition of the shaft core deformation curve a and the bearing deformation curve b of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Spindle assembly; 101. Front bearing cover; 102. Motor rotor; 103. Motor stator; 104. Angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing; 105. Double-row cylindrical roller bearing; 106. Rear bearing cover; 107. Rear bearing seat; 108. Spindle box; 109. Front bearing seat; 2. Airtight fixture assembly; 3. Rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly; 4. Rotary joint assembly; 401. Rotary joint shaft; 402. Rotary joint bushing; 403. Rotary joint bearing; 404. Air inlet; 405. External airtight detection sensor; 5. Positioning block; 6. Clamping jaws; 7. Pull rod; 8. Air guide rod; 9. Shaft core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show components related to the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case include: a shaft core 9, a spindle assembly 1 arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the shaft core 9, an airtight fixture assembly 2 arranged at one end of the shaft core 9, a rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3 arranged at the other end of the shaft core 9, and a rotary joint assembly 4 arranged at one end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3;

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, an air guide rod 8 is provided in the shaft core 9, a pull rod 7 is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod 8, a rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3 is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod 8, and the pull rod 7 is located inside the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3;

[0031] The rotary joint assembly 4 includes: a rotary joint shaft 401, one end of the rotary joint shaft 401 is connected to the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3, a penetrating air inlet 404 is opened on one side of the rotary joint shaft 401, and an external air tightness detection sensor 405 is provided at the end of the air inlet 404 away from the air guide rod 8, a rotary joint bushing 402 is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the rotary joint shaft 401, a rotary joint bearing 403 is provided between the rotary joint bushing 402 and the rotary joint shaft 401, and the air inlet 404 is connected to the air guide rod 8.

[0032] It should be noted that the use of the rotary joint assembly 4 ensures close contact between the parts and the positioning surface during automatic loading, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the parts and avoiding the generation of unqualified parts. The system adopts a high-rigidity direct-drive electric spindle assembly 1 to ensure high precision and stability during the turning process, thereby improving the processing quality of the differential housing; the combination of the airtight fixture assembly 2 and the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3 realizes automated clamping and processing processes, reduces manual intervention, and improves production efficiency and operation consistency; the air guide rod 8 and the air inlet 404 in the rotary joint assembly 4 are connected to the external airtight detection sensor 405 to form a real-time monitoring system, which can timely detect the contact between the workpiece and the fixture. Once inaccurate positioning is found, an alarm is triggered and the machine is shut down immediately, effectively preventing the generation of unqualified parts; due to the real-time nature of the airtight detection, unqualified parts can be quickly discovered and stopped from being processed, thereby significantly reducing the scrap rate and saving production costs; the system is reasonably designed, the components are closely matched, and are easy to maintain and replace, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and increase the service life of the equipment.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the spindle assembly 1 includes a motor rotor 102, which is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core 9. The circumferential outer wall of the motor rotor 102 is sleeved with a motor stator 103. The circumferential outer wall of the motor stator 103 is fixedly mounted with a spindle box 108, and the circumferential inner wall of the spindle box 108 is fixedly mounted with a rear bearing seat 107 and a front bearing seat 109; the motor stator 103 and the motor rotor 102 are located between the rear bearing seat 107 and the front bearing seat 109, and the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core 9 is sleeved with an angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing 104. The outer circumferential wall of the shaft core 9 is sleeved with a double-row cylindrical roller bearing 105, and the angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing 104 and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing 105 are located between the front bearing seat 109 and the shaft core 9; the inner circumferential wall of the rear bearing seat 107 is fixedly mounted with a rear bearing cover 106, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the shaft core 9, and a front bearing cover 101 is fixedly mounted on one side of the front bearing seat 109, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the shaft core 9, and one side of the front bearing cover 101 is clamped with the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3;

[0034] One side of the front bearing cover 101 is fixedly connected to the airtight fixture assembly 2 . One side of the airtight fixture assembly 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 5 . One side of the airtight fixture assembly 2 is provided with a clamping claw 6 . The clamping claw 6 is located between the plurality of positioning blocks 5 .

[0035] It should be noted that Figure 4It can be seen that, in view of the low speed requirement of the differential case but the high requirements for machining accuracy and surface finish, the radial rigidity of the spindle is strengthened through the device body according to the dimensional accuracy characteristics of the part. The deformation curve of the spindle is calculated and superimposed, and the optimal span of the bearing is found to minimize the deformation of the spindle. Therefore, the high precision of the differential case part machining can be guaranteed.

[0036] The device itself achieves an efficient, stable, and automated production process. First, the close fit between the motor rotor 102 and the motor stator 103, as well as their sleeved relationship with the shaft core 9, ensures efficient power transmission and stable operation of the system. Secondly, the high-rigidity support of the angular contact radial thrust ball bearing 104 and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing 105 significantly improves the rigidity and stability of the main shaft, which is crucial for maintaining machining accuracy. In addition, the precise installation of the rear bearing seat 107 and the front bearing seat 109, combined with the setting of the rear bearing cover 106 and the front bearing cover 101, further ensures the long-term stable operation of the bearing and reduces errors.

[0037] The design of the airtight fixture assembly 2, including the use of positioning blocks 5 and clamping jaws 6, not only improves the fixture's positioning accuracy but also enhances the workpiece's clamping stability, effectively preventing movement during processing. The implementation of automation and intelligence, through the snap-fit ​​connection between the front bearing cover 101 and the rotary hydraulic cylinder assembly 3, and its fixed connection to the airtight fixture assembly 2, reduces manual intervention and improves production efficiency. The system also features real-time monitoring and feedback, enabling timely detection and correction of inaccurate contact between the workpiece and the fixture, preventing the production of defective parts.

[0038] When using this utility model:

[0039] First, the differential housing blank is placed at the designated position of the automatic loading robot arm; the automatic loading robot arm feeds the blank into the airtight fixture assembly 2; the airtight fixture assembly 2 automatically clamps the blank through the positioning block 5 and the clamping jaws 6 to ensure that the workpiece is in close contact with the positioning surface of the fixture; the system supplies compressed air to the contact surface between the workpiece and the fixture through the air guide rod 8 and the air inlet 404 in the rotary joint assembly 4. The external air tightness detection sensor 405 monitors the gas for leakage in real time to ensure the accuracy of the workpiece positioning; if the external air tightness detection sensor 405 detects a gas leakage, it indicates that the workpiece positioning is inaccurate, and the system will immediately issue an alarm and shut down until the problem is resolved; after confirming that the workpiece positioning is accurate, the motor rotor 102 and the motor stator 103 are started, and the spindle assembly 1 is driven to rotate through the shaft core 9; the high-rigidity direct-drive electric spindle assembly 1 ensures high precision and stability during the turning process, thereby improving the processing quality of the differential housing; during the entire processing process, the system continuously monitors the processing status of the workpiece to ensure that the processing quality meets the requirements; after processing is completed, the workpiece is released from the airtight fixture assembly 2 and is removed by the automatic unloading robot arm.

[0040] The above description is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case, comprising: A shaft core (9), a main shaft assembly (1) arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the shaft core (9), an airtight clamp assembly (2) arranged at one end of the shaft core (9), a rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly (3) arranged at the other end of the shaft core (9), and a rotary joint assembly (4) arranged at one end of the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly (3). It is characterized by: An air guide rod (8) is provided in the shaft core (9), a pull rod (7) is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod (8), the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly (3) is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the air guide rod (8), and the pull rod (7) is located in the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly (3); The rotary joint assembly (4) comprises: a rotary joint shaft (401), one end of the rotary joint shaft (401) being connected to the rotary oil hydraulic cylinder assembly (3), a penetrating air inlet (404) being provided on one side of the rotary joint shaft (401), an external air tightness detection sensor (405) being provided at the end of the air inlet (404) away from the air guide rod (8), a rotary joint bushing (402) being provided on the circumferential outer wall of the rotary joint shaft (401), and a rotary joint bearing (403) being provided between the rotary joint bushing (402) and the rotary joint shaft (401).

2. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (404) is in communication with the air guide rod (8).

3. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft assembly (1) comprises a motor rotor (102), the motor rotor (102) being sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core (9), and the motor stator (103) being sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the motor rotor (102).

4. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 3, characterized in that: A main shaft box (108) is fixedly mounted on the circumferential outer wall of the motor stator (103).

5. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rear bearing seat (107) and a front bearing seat (109) are fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the main shaft box (108).

6. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor stator (103) and the motor rotor (102) are located between the rear bearing seat (107) and the front bearing seat (109); the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core (9) is provided with an angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing (104); the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core (9) is provided with a double-row cylindrical roller bearing (105); the angular contact centripetal thrust ball bearing (104) and the double-row cylindrical roller bearing (105) are located between the front bearing seat (109) and the shaft core (9).

7. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rear bearing cover (106) is fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the rear bearing seat (107), and the rear bearing cover (106) is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core (9).

8. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 5, characterized in that: A front bearing cover (101) is fixedly mounted on one side of the front bearing seat (109), and the front bearing cover (101) is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft core (9).

9. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 8, characterized in that: One side of the front bearing cover (101) is clamped with the rotary oil pressure cylinder assembly (3).

10. The airtight fixture and spindle for turning a differential case according to claim 8, characterized in that: One side of the front bearing cover (101) is fixedly connected to the airtight clamp assembly (2), one side of the airtight clamp assembly (2) is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks (5), and one side of the airtight clamp assembly (2) is provided with a clamping claw (6), and the clamping claw (6) is located between the plurality of positioning blocks (5).

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