Universal down-slope base plate for high-speed railway

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of steel rail welding, in particular to a universal down-slope base plate for a high-speed railway, which comprises a down-slope base plate base, and rail bottom stop blocks are fixedly connected to two sides of the down-slope base plate base respectively; the rail bottom check block is higher than the upper surface of the downslope base plate base by a first preset height, and a chamfer is arranged at the top end of the side, connected with the downslope base plate base, of the rail bottom check block. The downslope base plate base and the two rail bottom check blocks jointly form a rail bearing groove. According to the utility model, effective supporting and transverse limiting of the steel rail of the high-speed railway are realized; due to the design of the rail bearing grooves and the chamfers, the steel rails can smoothly enter the grooves and keep stable, the problems of abrasion and stress concentration caused by improper installation or long-term operation are solved, and a solid guarantee is provided for safe and stable operation of high-speed railways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail welding, in particular to a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways. Background Art

[0002] Rail welding is a crucial operation in the routine maintenance and upgrade of high-speed railway and subway lines, directly impacting the safety and smoothness of train operations. However, rail welding on high-speed railway lines presents numerous technical challenges and safety risks, particularly the risk of rail welding vehicles derailing and overturning.

[0003] Traditional rail welding operations often use iron blocks or square tubes to support the rails, but this method has significant limitations. First, these blocks or tubes cannot securely lock the rails to the sleepers to form a stable structure, making it difficult to control the track gauge during welding. This can cause the rails to slide downward, or even roll over, posing a risk of derailment for the welding vehicle, especially on curves. Furthermore, this support method cannot effectively prevent lateral displacement of the rails during welding, further increasing the uncertainty and risk of the operation.

[0004] Another attempt was to improve the stability of the rail welding vehicle by installing hydraulic outriggers. However, this approach also has numerous drawbacks. First, there is a risk of the hydraulic outriggers falling off during transport, increasing the workload for routine maintenance and inspection. Second, the hydraulic outriggers require high synchronization during the vehicle raising process, resulting in a slow raising speed. Furthermore, during this process, the vehicle wheels can detach from the rails, leaving the rails in a free state. This free state can easily cause the rail welding vehicle to derail, particularly in areas with significant overhangs, posing a serious threat to operational safety.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safer, more efficient and reliable solution to the safety risks such as derailment and overturning of rail welding vehicles during rail welding construction on high-speed railway lines. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0007] The utility model achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways, comprising: a down-slope pad base, with rail bottom blocks fixedly connected to both sides of the down-slope pad base;

[0009] The rail bottom stopper is higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base by a first preset height, and a chamfer is provided on the top of one side connected to the slope pad base; the slope pad base and the two rail bottom stoppers together form a rail supporting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the first preset height is 10 mm, the chamfer size is 3 mm×5 mm, and the inner diameter width of the rail groove is 152 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the slope pad base is a steel structure.

[0012] Furthermore, when the height of the slope-following pad is greater than or equal to a second preset height, the slope-following pad further includes an elastic bar fastening seat and a reinforcing plate;

[0013] The spring bar fastening seat is welded to the side of the rail bottom stopper away from the slope pad base, and the reinforcing plate is arranged at the bottom of the spring bar fastening seat and connected to the rail bottom stopper;

[0014] The elastic bar fastening seat is provided with a long circular hole for fastening bolts running through the elastic bar fastening seat in the longitudinal direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the second preset height is 60 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the oblong hole for the fastening bolt is applicable to the oblong hole of any of the following fastener sections: V-type fastener, 300-1 type fastener, WJ-8 type fastener and WJ-7 type fastener.

[0017] Furthermore, when the slope pad is applied to the WJ-7 type fastener section, the slope pad also includes a T-shaped fastening bolt with a diameter of 24 mm and a length of 170 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, when the height of the slope pad is less than or equal to a third preset height, the slope pad and the rail are fastened to the sleeper by elastic bars.

[0019] Furthermore, the third preset height is 40 mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the height of the slope pad is set according to actual needs and can be any of the following heights: 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm;

[0021] A plurality of the slope-following pads are selected and combined according to actual working conditions.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] This utility model, by designing universal, down-slope pads for high-speed railways in various height specifications, combines its unique rail-bearing groove structure with optional spring-clip fasteners, reinforcement plates, and other components to effectively mitigate the risk of rail welding vehicles derailing and overturning during rail welding operations, improving the quality and efficiency of rail welding and ensuring the safety and orderliness of rail welding operations. This utility model is not only suitable for various fastener locations, but also meets the diverse needs of rail welding on high-speed railway and subway lines through the flexible combination of pads of different heights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the installation diagram of WJ-7 type slope pad;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the installation diagram of WJ-8 type slope pad;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the WJ-8 type down-slope pad operation method.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Slope pad base, 2. Rail bottom stopper, 3. Spring bar fastening seat, 4. Reinforcement plate, 5. Long round hole for fastening bolt, 6. Iron pad, 7. Spring bar, 8. T-shaped fastening bolt, 9. Rail, 10. Nut, 11. Iron pad fastening bolt, 12. Gauge stopper, 13. Fastening bolt, 14. Sleeper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways according to another embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways in another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1-4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways comprises: a down-slope pad base 1, with rail bottom blocks 2 fixedly connected to both sides of the down-slope pad base 1;

[0035] The rail bottom stopper 2 is higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base 1 by a first preset height, and a chamfer is provided on the top of the side connected to the slope pad base 1; the slope pad base 1 and the two rail bottom stoppers 2 together form a rail bearing groove.

[0036] Preferably, the first preset height is 10 mm, the chamfer size is 3 mm×5 mm, and the inner diameter width of the support rail groove is 152 mm.

[0037] Preferably, the slope pad base 1 is a steel structure.

[0038] In this embodiment, the slope pad base 1 is 152 mm long and 120 mm wide, and is a steel structure. The slope pad base 1 can be directly inserted into the rail groove of the WJ-8 and WJ-7 iron pads 6; the two rail bottom blocks 2 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the slope pad base 1, and the rail bottom block 2 with a width of 8 mm is 10 mm higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base 1 and a 3 mm × 5 mm chamfer is set on the top of the side connected to the slope pad base 1 to enhance the smoothness of the connection and reduce stress concentration; the slope pad base 1 and the rail bottom block 2 form a rail groove with an inner diameter width of 152 mm to adapt to and firmly support the rails 9, and the rail groove can laterally limit the rails 9.

[0039] The utility model realizes effective support and lateral limitation of high-speed railway rails through the carefully designed slope-following pad structure; the precise size and chamfer design of the rail-bearing groove not only ensure that the rails can enter the groove smoothly and remain stable, but also reduces the wear and stress concentration problems caused by improper installation or long-term operation, providing a solid guarantee for the safe and smooth operation of high-speed railways.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the height of the slope pad is greater than or equal to the second preset height, the slope pad further includes an elastic bar fastening seat 3 and a reinforcing plate 4;

[0041] The spring bar fastening seat 3 is welded to the side of the rail bottom stopper 2 away from the slope pad base 1, and the reinforcing plate 4 is arranged at the bottom of the spring bar fastening seat 3 and connected to the rail bottom stopper 2;

[0042] The spring bar fastening seat 3 is provided with a long circular hole 5 for fastening bolts running through the longitudinal direction.

[0043] Preferably, the second preset height is 60 mm.

[0044] Preferably, the oblong hole 5 for the fastening bolt is suitable for the oblong hole of any of the following fastener sections: V-type fastener, 300-1 type fastener, WJ-8 type fastener and WJ-7 type fastener.

[0045] Preferably, when the slope pad is applied to the WJ-7 type fastener section, the slope pad further includes a T-shaped fastening bolt 8 with a diameter of 24 mm and a length of 170 mm.

[0046] When the height of the slope pad is less than or equal to the third preset height, the slope pad and the rail 9 are fastened to the sleeper 14 by the elastic bars 7 .

[0047] Preferably, the third preset height is 40 mm.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the height of the slope pad is greater than or equal to 60mm, the slope pad also includes an elastic bar fastening seat 3 and a reinforcing plate 4; the elastic bar fastening seat 3 is welded to the side of the rail bottom stop 2 away from the slope pad base 1, and the reinforcing plate 4 is arranged at the bottom of the elastic bar fastening seat 3 and connected to the rail bottom stop 2; the elastic bar fastening seat 3 is L-shaped, and the total length of the slope pad after welding the elastic bar fastening seat 3 is 330mm, the main body thickness of the elastic bar fastening seat 3 is 16mm, and the edge away from the rail bottom stop 2 has a flange with a length and thickness of 10mm; when the height of the slope pad is 90mm, the reinforcing plate 4 is set The length is 47mm and the height is 44mm. When the slope pad is of other heights, the reinforcement plate 4 can be set to other sizes accordingly. A fastening bolt oblong hole 5 is longitudinally provided on the spring bar fastening seat 3. The fastening bolt oblong hole 5 is drilled with a diameter of 26mm at a center distance of 214mm and 240mm, and the two holes are milled into oblong holes with a width of 39mm. The fastening bolt oblong hole 5 is suitable for use in V-type fasteners, 300-1 type fasteners, WJ-8 type fasteners and WJ-7 type fasteners. The WJ-7 type fastener section requires a special M24x170mm long T-bolt;

[0049] When the height of the slope pad is less than or equal to 40 mm, there is no need to weld the spring bar fastening seat 3, and the existing spring bar 7 can be used to fasten the slope pad and the rail 9 to the sleeper 14.

[0050] The down-slope pad base 1 can be directly inserted into the rail bearing groove of WJ-8 and WJ-7 type iron pads 6. The gauge stopper 12 needs to be removed when using down-slope pads with a diameter of more than 60 mm in areas with V-type fasteners and 300-1 type fasteners. The rail bottom stopper 12 is 10 mm higher than the upper surface of the down-slope pad base 1 and has a 3×5 mm chamfer to form a rail bearing groove, which can facilitate the entry of the rail 9 into the groove and limit the rail 9 laterally. The bolt holes of the elastic bar fastening seat 3 are drilled with a diameter of 26 mm at a center distance of 214 mm and 240 mm, and the two holes are milled into long round holes. The down-slope pad can be used in areas with V-type fasteners, 300-1 type fasteners, WJ-8 type fasteners and WJ-7 type fasteners.

[0051] The utility model achieves wide applicability to a variety of fastener sections by flexibly configuring the components of the slope pad under different height conditions, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of track construction. In particular, when the pad height is greater than or equal to 60 mm, the additional elastic bar fastening seat and reinforcement plate enhance the structural stability, and the installation process is simplified by the design of the long round holes for the fastening bolts that are adapted to a variety of fastener sections. When the pad height is less than or equal to 40 mm, the existing elastic bars can be directly used for fastening without the need for additional components, reducing cost and complexity. The overall design takes into account both structural strength and construction convenience, improving the quality and economic benefits of the track project.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the slope pad is set according to actual needs and can be any of the following heights: 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm;

[0053] A plurality of the slope-following pads are selected and combined according to actual working conditions.

[0054] In this embodiment, the specifications of a set of general-purpose slope pads for high-speed railways are: 330mm long × 120mm wide, and the height and quantity are: 20mm×2 pieces, 30mm×2 pieces, 40mm×4 pieces, 60mm×4 pieces, 80mm×2 pieces, and 100mm×4 pieces respectively.

[0055] The utility model provides slope pads of various height specifications and allows flexible combination according to actual working conditions, thereby significantly enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of high-speed railway track construction and improving construction efficiency and track stability.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] like Figure 1-4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, a universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways comprises: a down-slope pad base 1, a rail bottom stopper 2, a reinforcing plate 4 and a spring bar fastening seat 3;

[0058] The base 1 of the slope pad is a steel structure; the rail bottom block 2 is welded on the slope pad base 1 and is 10mm higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base 1 and has a 3×5mm chamfer to form a rail bearing groove, that is, it is convenient for the rail to enter the groove and can limit the rail laterally; the elastic bar fastening seat 3 is welded at both ends of the slope pad with a height of ≥60mm. The slope pad below 40mm does not need to be welded with the elastic bar fastening seat 3, and the existing elastic bar 7 can be used to fasten the slope pad , the rails are fastened to the sleepers 14; the spring bar fastening seat 3 is provided with a fastening bolt oblong hole 5, and the two fastening bolt oblong holes 5 are drilled with a diameter of 26mm at a center distance of 214mm and 240mm, and the two holes are milled into oblong holes. They can be used in areas with V-type fasteners, 300-1 type fasteners, WJ-8 type fasteners and WJ-7 type fasteners. The WJ-7 type fastener area requires special M24x170mm long T-bolts.

[0059] The utility model realizes stable support and lateral limitation of the rails through optimized structural design. At the same time, the design of its elastic bar fastening seat has high adaptability and compatibility with multiple fasteners, which improves installation flexibility and wide application, and ensures the stability and safety of high-speed railway tracks.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the slope pad base 1 can be directly inserted into the WJ-8 and WJ-7 type iron pad 6 rail bearing groove. The slope pads above 60mm need to remove the gauge block 12 when used in areas with V-type fasteners and 300-1 type fasteners.

[0061] The rail bottom stopper 2 is 10mm higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base 1 and has a 3×5mm chamfer to form a rail-bearing groove, which can facilitate the entry of the rail into the groove and limit the rail laterally; the bolt holes of the fastening bolt oblong holes 5 arranged on the elastic bar fastening seat 3 are drilled with a diameter of 26mm at a center distance of 214mm and 240mm, and the two holes are milled into oblong holes. The slope pad can be used in areas with V-type fasteners, 300-1 type fasteners, WJ-8 type fasteners and WJ-7 type fasteners.

[0062] The utility model is designed so that its base can be directly inserted into the rail bearing groove of a specific type of iron pad, which simplifies the installation process. At the same time, when used in key areas such as pads with a diameter of more than 60 mm, the gauge block 12 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different fastener requirements; the rail bearing groove design and the flexible configuration of the oblong holes for fastening bolts further enhance the fastening and compatibility between the pad and the rail, effectively improving the overall stability and adaptability of the high-speed railway track system.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present utility model, a set of general-purpose slope pads for high-speed railways has the following specifications: length 330mm × width 120mm, height and quantity respectively: 20mm×2 pieces, 30mm×2 pieces, 40mm×4 pieces, 60mm×4 pieces, 80mm×2 pieces, 100mm×4 pieces.

[0064] This utility model provides a wealth of adjustment options for high-speed railway tracks through a carefully designed combination of universal high-speed railway slope-down pads in various heights and quantities. It can flexibly cope with various terrain and line conditions, ensure the smoothness and stability of the track, and thus significantly improve the safety and comfort of train operation.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Figure 5 This is the installation diagram of WJ-7 type slope pad; Figure 6 This is the installation diagram of WJ-8 type slope pad. Figure 5-6 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a universal down-slope pad installation standard and operation process for high-speed railways is as follows:

[0067] According to the actual situation and requirements, loosen the rail fasteners at the static frame end of the welding rail as required, install the gauge rods between sleepers 4-5 and 10-11 respectively, then lift the rails from high to low to support the down-slope pads in sequence and use pressure plates or existing fasteners to fasten the bottom of the rails into the down-slope pad rail groove and lock them, control the spatial position and geometric dimensions of the rails, control the transverse gauge of the two rails at 1435mm, vertically press the bottom slope of the rails to prevent the rails from rolling over and expanding, and raise the slope of the longitudinal rails and make the track smooth; when the down-slope pads are installed, direct the rail welding vehicle to run to the designated position, stop and prevent the vehicle from slipping, and then carry out rail welding construction according to the rail welding operation standards. After the operation is completed, remove the anti-slip, direct the rail welding vehicle to leave the area, and then remove the down-slope pads to restore the line.

[0068] In the installation state of a WJ-7 type down-slope pad, the top of the T-shaped fastening bolt 8 is fixed by a nut 10, and the bottom end passes through the fastening bolt oblong hole 5 to be fixedly connected to the spring bar fastening seat 3. The T-shaped fastening bolt 8 limits and fixes the spring bar 7, and the spring bar 7 limits and fixes the rail 9. The down-slope pad is fixed to the top of the iron pad 6 by the iron pad fastening bolt 11. In the installation state of a WJ-8 type down-slope pad, the iron pad 6 is fixed to the sleeper 14 by the gauge block 12. The fastening bolt 13 passes through the fastening bolt oblong hole 5 on the spring bar fastening seat 3 and the iron pad 6 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the sleeper 14. The fastening bolt 13 limits and fixes the spring bar 7, and the spring bar 7 limits and fixes the rail 9.

[0069] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the WJ-8 type slope pad operation method. Figure 7 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a universal down-slope pad operation method for high-speed railways includes:

[0070] The method for setting up slope pads for Type V fasteners, Type 300-1 fasteners, Type WJ-7 fasteners and Type WJ-8 fasteners of high-speed railways is as follows: install 40mm high slope pads on sleepers No. 3 and No. 6 from the weld, install 30mm high slope pads on sleeper No. 9, install 20mm high slope pads on sleeper No. 12, and loosen 18 sleeper fasteners.

[0071] Install 40mm high down-slope pads on No. 3 and No. 6 sleepers at the weld seam on the curve, 30mm down-slope pads on No. 9 sleepers, 20mm down-slope pads on No. 12 sleepers, and loosen 18 sleeper fasteners;

[0072] Install 100mm high down-slope pads on No. 3 and No. 6 sleepers at the weld seam below the curve, 80mm down-slope pads on No. 9 sleepers, 60mm down-slope pads on No. 12 sleepers, 40mm down-slope pads on No. 15 sleepers, 20mm down-slope pads on No. 18 sleepers, and loosen 21 sleeper fasteners;

[0073] If the super height of the curve is less than 140mm, the height of the lower leg can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0074] In this embodiment, during rail welding construction, the frame car slope pads are installed on the sleepers 14 at the bottom of the rails in sequence from high to low according to the railway line conditions, the height of the pad, the spacing between the sleepers 14, the curve superelevation and other conditions according to the design standards, and then the existing fasteners are used to tighten the rails to fix them in the rail grooves of the frame car slope pads, so as to prevent the lateral displacement of the rails to control the track gauge, press the bottom slope of the rails to prevent the rails from overturning and expanding, and keep the rails smooth. In the curved section, the height difference between the upper and lower stocks is adjusted to reduce the inclination angle of the rail welding vehicle, and at the same time, the angle between the welding machine and the rail to be welded is made vertical. During the rail welding operation, the welding machine can smoothly clamp the rails, effectively improve the welding quality and efficiency, and ensure the safety, quality, orderliness and reliability of the entire rail welding operation process.

[0075] This new type of fastener boasts wide applicability, exceptional stability, and high safety. Its clamping strength fully complies with standards, and it is easy to install and disassemble, simplifying operation. It seamlessly adapts to both ballasted and ballastless track lines on high-speed railways and is compatible with various fastener types, including Type V, Type 300-1, Type WJ-7, and Type WJ-8. It effectively limits and locks the rails, precisely controlling their spatial position and geometric dimensions. This provides a safe and worry-free driving environment for rail welding vehicles, ensuring smooth, efficient, and efficient rail welding operations. The unique shape and dimensional design, precise component structure, innovative locking and installation methods, and detailed operating methods and installation standards of this new type of fastener constitute its core competitiveness and protective barrier.

[0076] The utility model ensures the precise control of the spatial position of the rails during high-speed railway rail welding through standardized down-slope pad installation procedures and methods, effectively prevents safety risks such as derailment and overturning of rail welding vehicles, improves welding quality and efficiency, and facilitates rapid restoration of line status. It demonstrates wide applicability, excellent stability and high safety, and provides reliable technical support for high-speed railway track replacement construction.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0078] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A universal down-slope pad for high-speed railways, characterized in that: include: A slope-following pad base (1), wherein both sides of the slope-following pad base (1) are respectively fixedly connected with rail bottom blocks (2); The rail bottom stopper (2) is higher than the upper surface of the slope pad base (1) by a first preset height, and a chamfer is provided on the top of one side connected to the slope pad base (1); the slope pad base (1) and the two rail bottom stoppers (2) together form a rail bearing groove.

2. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset height is 10 mm, the chamfer size is 3 mm×5 mm, and the inner diameter width of the support rail groove is 152 mm.

3. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope-following pad base (1) is a steel structure.

4. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the height of the slope-following pad is greater than or equal to a second preset height, the slope-following pad further comprises an elastic bar fastening seat (3) and a reinforcing plate (4); The spring bar fastening seat (3) is welded to the side of the rail bottom stopper (2) facing away from the slope pad base (1), and the reinforcing plate (4) is arranged at the bottom of the spring bar fastening seat (3) and connected to the rail bottom stopper (2); The spring bar fastening seat (3) is provided with a fastening bolt oblong hole (5) running through it longitudinally.

5. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second preset height is 60 mm.

6. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fastening bolt oblong hole (5) is suitable for oblong holes in any of the following fastener sections: V-type fasteners, 300-1 type fasteners, WJ-8 type fasteners and WJ-7 type fasteners.

7. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the slope pad is applied to a WJ-7 type fastener section, the slope pad further comprises a T-shaped fastening bolt (8) with a diameter of 24 mm and a length of 170 mm.

8. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the height of the slope-following pad is less than or equal to a third preset height, the slope-following pad and the rail (9) are fastened to the sleeper (14) through the elastic bars (7).

9. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 8, characterized in that: The third preset height is 40 mm.

10. The universal down-slope pad for high-speed railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the slope pad is set according to actual needs and can be any of the following heights: 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm; A plurality of the slope-following pads are selected and combined according to actual working conditions.

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