Back contact passivation solar cell laser processing equipment

Abstract

According to the back contact passivation solar cell laser machining equipment, a material carrying table of a machining main machine comprises a rotating part and four bearing parts evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating part, two negative pressure adsorption tables are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the material carrying table, and a feeding and discharging station, a visual photographing station, a film taking station and a laser machining station rotate; the feeding conveying mechanism and the discharging conveying mechanism are both belt conveying mechanisms, and each belt conveying mechanism comprises a first sub-belt module and a second sub-belt module which are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction in a spaced mode. The feeding and discharging stations of the machining main machine and the discharging conveying mechanism are arranged to be in a U shape. The feeding and discharging carrying mechanism comprises a feeding and discharging mechanical arm and feeding and discharging suction cups, the feeding and discharging mechanical arm comprises two sub-arms arranged in a 90-degree mode, the free ends of the two sub-arms are connected with the two feeding and discharging suction cups respectively, and the two feeding and discharging suction cups are arranged in the extending direction of the sub-arms in a spaced mode. At least one problem of side-by-side feeding and discharging of two battery pieces, follow-up conveying, rail switching and machining precision is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to solar cell laser processing equipment, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaic processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing technology is increasingly being used in the field of solar cell processing. For some half-cell or rectangular solar cell processing, a single-layer basket stores two cells side by side. This requires taking out and storing two cells from the basket at the same time. The subsequent transmission, handling, laser processing, and inspection of the cells are different from the traditional whole-cell method. The processing technology for the cells is different, requiring the performance of the laser and the laser processing accuracy to be improved. The lasers have different dimensions, and the positioning method has been improved, resulting in a different layout of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser solar processing equipment that meets this function.

[0003] Most of the existing solar cell processing equipment is for single-layer single-chip flower baskets. Only one silicon wafer needs to be taken out or stored each time and transferred for processing. If the traditional method is still used to take out and place the wafers in a single-layer side-by-side double-chip flower basket, the specific implementation is relatively difficult, and the production capacity does not meet the requirements. In addition, the positioning of the silicon wafer adopts single-camera contour positioning, which has poor positioning accuracy and cannot meet the process requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device to solve at least one problem of existing laser processing devices in the simultaneous entry and exit of two solar cells and subsequent transmission, transfer, and processing accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0006] A back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment includes a processing host, a loading and unloading conveyor mechanism, a unloading and unloading conveyor mechanism and a loading and unloading handling mechanism. The processing host is provided with a loading platform, a laser processing module and a detection and positioning module; the loading platform includes a rotating part and four bearing parts evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating part, the bearing part includes two negative pressure adsorption platforms radially spaced apart along the rotating part, and the two negative pressure adsorption platforms respectively carry a half-cell solar cell. The rotating part is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate 90 degrees in steps, driving the bearing part to rotate at four stations: the loading and unloading station, the visual photography station, the film picking station and the laser processing station. The detection and positioning module is arranged above or below the bearing part of the visual photography station; the laser processing module is arranged above the bearing part of the laser processing station; the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism and the unloading conveyor mechanism are both belt conveyor mechanisms, and multiple are arranged along the conveying direction. Each belt conveyor mechanism includes a first sub-belt module and a second sub-belt module spaced apart perpendicular to the conveying direction. The loading and unloading conveyor group transports two half-cell solar cells synchronously; the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism and the unloading and unloading conveyor mechanism are arranged in parallel at intervals perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism, the loading and unloading stations of the processing host and the unloading conveyor mechanism are arranged in a U shape; the loading and unloading handling mechanism includes a loading and unloading robot arm and a loading and unloading suction cup, wherein the loading and unloading robot arm includes two sub-arms arranged at 90 degrees, and the free ends of the two sub-arms are respectively connected to two loading and unloading suction cups, and the two loading and unloading suction cups are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the sub-arms; the loading and unloading handling mechanism is arranged at the end of the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism, between the loading and unloading station and the starting end of the unloading conveyor mechanism, and the loading and unloading robot arm is driven by the driving device to rotate back and forth, driving the loading and unloading suction cup of one sub-arm to reciprocate above the end of the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism and above the bearing part of the loading and unloading station. At the same time, the loading and unloading suction cup on the other sub-arm reciprocates above the bearing part of the loading and unloading station and above the starting end of the unloading conveyor mechanism to simultaneously transport two half-cell solar cells.

[0007] In some embodiments of a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device, a waste box is provided on the side of the belt conveyor module of the starting section of the unloading conveyor mechanism close to the processing host. When the belt conveyor module of the starting section of the unloading conveyor mechanism is reversed, the solar cell sheets can be transferred to the waste box.

[0008] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further comprises a silicon wafer rotating transport mechanism, which is arranged above two adjacent belt conveyor modules of a loading conveyor mechanism or a unloading conveyor mechanism; the silicon wafer rotating transport mechanism comprises a silicon wafer rotating robotic arm, which is in a straight line shape, with both ends of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm respectively located above two adjacent belt conveyor modules, and two free ends of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm are respectively fixed with two silicon wafer rotating suction cups arranged perpendicular to the extension direction of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm and spaced apart, which are respectively located above the first sub-belt module and the second sub-belt module of the corresponding belt conveyor module; the center of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm is arranged on the driving mechanism, driving the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm to rotate continuously or reciprocatingly 180 degrees.

[0009] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further comprises a recovery and transport mechanism, a recovery conveying mechanism and a recovery basket lifting module, which are arranged on the opposite side of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism of the loading main machine; wherein, the recovery and transport mechanism comprises a recovery robot arm and two recovery silicon wafer suction cups arranged at a free end of the recovery robot arm and spaced apart along the extension direction of the recovery robot arm; the recovery robot arm is a straight arm, one end of which is connected to a driving mechanism and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, so that the recovery silicon wafer suction cup at its free end reciprocates above the bearing part of the wafer picking station and above the starting end of the recovery conveying mechanism, so as to suck the solar cell from the wafer picking station and transport it to the starting end of the recovery conveying mechanism for release; the recovery conveying mechanism is a belt conveying mechanism, and the belt conveying mechanism comprises a first sub-belt module and a second sub-belt module spaced apart perpendicular to the conveying direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes a silicon wafer caching mechanism arranged on a belt conveyor module of the loading conveyor mechanism and a belt conveyor module of the unloading conveyor mechanism, and / or the back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes a silicon wafer aligning mechanism, which is a centering clamp arranged on a belt conveyor module of the loading conveyor mechanism and the unloading conveyor mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes a silicon wafer patching mechanism, which includes a linear transport mechanism arranged perpendicular to the conveying direction of the unloading conveying mechanism and at least at least one suction cup on the linear transport mechanism for sucking up the solar cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes an AOI detection mechanism and a hidden crack detection mechanism, wherein the AOI detection mechanism is arranged above the unloading conveying mechanism, or is transported to an AOI detection platform arranged nearby for detection through a linear module, and the hidden crack detection mechanism can be arranged above the loading conveying mechanism, or above the unloading conveying mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device, the AOI detection mechanism includes a robotic arm picking mechanism arranged above the unloading conveying mechanism, and an AOI detection camera arranged on one side of the unloading conveying mechanism. The robotic arm picking mechanism picks up the battery cell above the unloading conveying module and transfers it to the detection camera position. After the inspection is completed, it is transferred to the unloading conveying mechanism through the robotic arm picking mechanism. The AOI detection platform is separated from the machine and is rooted to the ground, reducing the impact of machine vibration.

[0014] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes a flower basket transfer mechanism, wherein the flower basket turnover mechanism includes an unprocessed flower basket lifting module disposed at the starting end of the loading conveyor mechanism, and a processed flower basket lifting module disposed at the end of the unloading conveyor mechanism.

[0015] In some embodiments, a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device further includes a transverse moving robot arm, which is arranged above the belt conveyor module of the loading conveying mechanism close to the unprocessed flower basket lifting module, and includes a transverse moving module and a transverse moving suction cup. The transverse moving suction cup moves back and forth above the first sub-belt module and the second sub-belt module of this belt conveyor module under the drive of the transverse moving module.

[0016] In some embodiments of a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment, the loading and unloading suction cups of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism are configured so that when the loading and unloading robot arm reciprocates 90 degrees, the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases while the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm decreases; or, the loading and unloading suction cups of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism are configured so that when the loading and unloading robot arm reciprocates 90 degrees, the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases or decreases while the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm remains unchanged, or increases or decreases accordingly.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application include: providing a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device, which solves the problems of existing laser processing devices in simultaneously feeding and outputting two solar cells side by side and subsequent transmission, transfer, and processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the loading platform;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a (segment) belt transmission mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the loading and unloading material handling mechanism;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the silicon wafer rotating transport mechanism;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the recycling and handling mechanism;

[0025] : The figure includes a processing host 10, a loading platform 20, a rotating part 21, a bearing part 22, a loading and unloading material handling mechanism 30, a loading and unloading material robotic arm 31, a loading and unloading material suction cup 32, a unloading conveying mechanism 40, a loading and unloading material conveying mechanism 50, a silicon wafer buffering mechanism 60, a silicon wafer regularizing mechanism 70, a flower basket transfer mechanism 80, a detection and positioning module 90, a waste box 100, an AOI detection mechanism 200, a hidden crack detection mechanism 300, a silicon wafer rotating mechanism 400, a silicon wafer rotating robotic arm 410, a silicon wafer rotating suction cup 420, a silicon wafer patching mechanism 500, a recycling flower basket lifting module 600, a recycling conveying mechanism 700, a recycling robotic arm 710, a recycling silicon wafer suction cup 720, an unprocessed flower basket lifting module 810, a processed flower basket lifting module 830, a first sub-belt module 401, 501, 901, and a second sub-belt module 402, 502, 902. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application as claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the various features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of this application is typically placed when in use. They are intended only to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0031] Provided is a back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device to solve the problems of existing laser processing devices in simultaneously feeding and unloading two solar cells side by side and in subsequent transmission, transfer and processing accuracy.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment of this application. Figure 2It is a structural diagram of the loading platform. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment includes: a processing host 10, which is provided with a loading platform 20, a laser processing module (not shown in the figure) and a detection and positioning module 90. Among them, the loading platform 20 includes a rotating part 21 and four bearing parts 22 evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating part. The rotating part is driven by a driving mechanism (such as a motor) to rotate 90 degrees in steps, driving the bearing part to rotate clockwise (or counterclockwise) at the four stations of loading and unloading station, visual photography station, film picking station, and laser processing station. The rotating part rotates 90 degrees for each action and reaches the next station. The supporting part receives the solar cells at the loading and unloading station. The rotating part rotates 90 degrees and the supporting part reaches the visual photography station. The detection and positioning module 90 is set at the visual photography station, for example, above or below the supporting part, to identify the solar cells on the supporting part. Specifically, it determines whether it is a normal part or a defective part and completes the positioning of the normal part. The rotating part rotates 90 degrees and the supporting part reaches the cell removal station. At this station, the unidentified solar cells on the supporting part are removed. The rotating part rotates 90 degrees and the supporting part reaches the laser processing station. The laser processing module is set above the supporting part and processes the solar cells identified as normal parts. The defective parts are not processed. The rotating part rotates 90 degrees and the supporting part reaches the loading and unloading station. The processed normal parts or unprocessed defective parts are removed at this station. It can be understood that the present application is intended to process double half-cell solar cells. The supporting part includes two negative pressure adsorption tables spaced apart along the radial direction of the rotating part, each carrying a half-cell solar cell. Preferably, there are two corresponding laser processing modules, each corresponding to processing a half-cell solar cell.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 ,in, Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a (segment) belt conveyor mechanism. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a loading conveyor mechanism 50 and a unloading conveyor mechanism 40 arranged at intervals perpendicular to the conveying direction. The loading conveyor mechanism 50, the processing host 10 (the loading and unloading stations of the processing host) and the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 are arranged in a U shape. Both the loading conveyor mechanism 50 and the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 are belt conveyor mechanisms, and are preferably arranged in multiple (segments) along the conveying direction. Each (segment) belt conveyor mechanism includes two sub-belt modules arranged side by side, which are used to simultaneously convey two battery cells side by side, which can be driven by one motor or two motors. For example, see Figure 2 Each belt conveyor mechanism of the loading conveyor mechanism 50 and the unloading conveyor mechanism includes a first sub-belt module 401, 501 and a second sub-belt module 402, 502 spaced apart perpendicularly to the conveying direction, and is suitable for synchronously conveying two half-cell solar cells.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 ,in, Figure 4 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading and unloading mechanism. The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a loading and unloading mechanism 30, including a loading and unloading robot arm 31 and a loading and unloading suction cup 32. The loading and unloading robot arm 31 includes two sub-arms arranged at 90 degrees, each of which has two loading and unloading suction cups 32 connected to its free end. The loading and unloading mechanism 30 is located at the end of the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism 50, between the loading and unloading station and the starting end of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The loading and unloading robot arm 31 rotates 90 degrees back and forth under the drive device (e.g., a motor), driving the loading and unloading suction cup 32 of one sub-arm to reciprocate above the end of the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism 50 and above the load-bearing portion 22 of the loading and unloading station. Simultaneously, the loading and unloading suction cup 32 of the other sub-arm reciprocates above the load-bearing portion 22 of the loading and unloading station and above the starting end of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The loading and unloading suction cups are spaced apart along the extension direction of the sub-arms to simultaneously handle two half-cells.

[0035] More preferably, the two loading and unloading suction cups 32 of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism 30 are variable-distance suction cups. Specifically, the suction cups on the two sub-arms are arranged so that when the loading and unloading robot arm rotates back and forth 90 degrees, the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases while the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm decreases. In this way, it can adapt to the distance between two silicon wafers conveyed side by side during the loading and unloading conveying mechanisms (the distance between the first sub-belt conveyor module and the second sub-belt conveyor module), and the distance between two silicon wafers on the supporting part of the loading platform (the distance between the two negative pressure adsorption platforms on the supporting part). If there is a difference between the two, it can be adjusted by the variable-distance suction cups.

[0036] When the spacing between two silicon wafers conveyed side by side by the loading conveyor mechanism is different from the spacing between two silicon wafers conveyed by the unloading conveyor mechanism, the loading and unloading suction cups of the loading and unloading mechanism can also be configured so that when the loading and unloading robot arm rotates 90 degrees back and forth, the spacing between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases or decreases, while the spacing between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm remains unchanged, or also increases or decreases accordingly. The variable-pitch suction cup structure can adopt the variable-pitch suction cup structure of the prior art, and the size of the variable pitch can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the working conditions.

[0037] See also Figure 1 Furthermore, a waste box 100 is provided on the side of the belt conveyor module at the starting section of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40, close to the processing machine 10. The defective parts detected by the detection and positioning module are transported to the belt conveyor module of the unloading conveyor mechanism by the loading and unloading conveyor mechanism. The belt conveyor module at this section is then controlled to reverse and transfer the defective parts to the waste box 100.

[0038] See also Figure 1 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a silicon wafer rotary transport mechanism. The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer rotary transport mechanism 400, which is positioned above the loading conveyor mechanism 50 or the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The mechanism is used to rotate the conveyed solar cells 180 degrees, ensuring that the silicon wafers maintain the same orientation as they enter the basket when leaving the basket. Specifically, the mechanism is positioned above two adjacent belt conveyor modules of the loading conveyor mechanism 50 or the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The mechanism includes a silicon wafer rotary transport arm 410. The silicon wafer rotary transport arm 410 is in a straight line shape, with both ends positioned above the two adjacent belt conveyor modules. Two silicon wafer rotary suction cups 420, spaced perpendicular to the extension direction of the silicon wafer rotary transport arm 410, are fixed to the free ends of the silicon wafer rotary transport arm 410. These suction cups are positioned above the first sub-belt module 401, 501, and the second sub-belt module 402, 502 of the corresponding belt conveyor module, respectively.

[0039] The center of the silicon wafer rotating robot 410 is set on a driving mechanism (such as a motor), which drives the silicon wafer rotating robot to rotate 180 degrees continuously or reciprocatingly. With this arrangement, while rotating each battery cell 180 degrees, the battery cell can be transferred from the previous belt conveyor module to the next belt conveyor module, thereby improving the silicon wafer rotation and transmission efficiency.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 ,in Figure 6The diagram is a schematic diagram of the recovery and transport mechanism. Furthermore, the back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a recovery and transport mechanism 700. When the aforementioned detection and positioning module locates a normal silicon wafer, if the mark point is outside the field of view of the detection camera, the wafer, when carried by the carrier to the wafer removal station, is removed by the recovery and transport mechanism 700 located next to the wafer removal station and transported to the recovery conveyor mechanism 900. It is ultimately transported to the recovery basket of the recovery basket lifting module 600 for future use. The recovery and transport mechanism 700 includes a recovery arm 710 and two recovery wafer suction cups 720 spaced apart along the direction of extension of the recovery arm 710. The recovery arm 710 is a straight arm, one end of which is connected to a drive mechanism (e.g., a motor). The drive mechanism drives its rotation, causing the recovery wafer suction cups at its free end to reciprocate above the support portion of the wafer removal station and above the starting end of the recovery conveyor mechanism 900, sucking the wafers from the wafer removal station and transporting them to the starting end of the recovery conveyor mechanism 900 for release. The recovery conveyor mechanism 900 is similar to the loading conveyor mechanism 50 and the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 and is a belt conveyor mechanism. Each belt conveyor mechanism includes a first sub-belt module 901 and a second sub-belt module 902 spaced apart perpendicular to the conveying direction. The recovery basket lifting module 600 is also conventional. The recovery and transport mechanism 700 and the recovery conveyor mechanism 900 are located on the opposite side of the loading main body 10 from the unloading and transporting mechanism 30.

[0041] See also Figure 1 The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer buffer mechanism 60, comprising a loading wafer buffer mechanism and a unloading wafer buffer mechanism. The number of buffers is determined by the equipment's production capacity. The silicon wafer buffer mechanism is a conventional buffer mechanism, installed on a section of the belt conveyor module of the loading conveyor mechanism and a section of the belt conveyor module of the unloading conveyor mechanism. This application does not improve its structure.

[0042] See also Figure 1 The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer alignment mechanism 70, which is a centering clamp installed on the loading conveyor mechanism 50 and the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. There can be multiple silicon wafer alignment mechanisms installed in front of workstations with certain conveying accuracy requirements. For example, in this application, the silicon wafer alignment mechanism is installed on the belt conveyor module in front of the loading silicon wafer buffer, before the loading material transport, after the unloading material transport, and in front of the unloading material buffer mechanism. It adjusts the position of the silicon wafer in the conveyor mechanism to ensure smooth entry into the loading buffer, improve the loading positioning accuracy (determined by the field of view of the CCD camera), and smoothly enter the unloading buffer. The silicon wafer alignment mechanism can be a centering clamp of the existing technology.

[0043] See also Figure 1The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer patching mechanism 500, which is arranged on the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The purpose is to replenish a silicon wafer in this position in time when there is a vacant silicon wafer between the two processed silicon wafers (for example, one of the silicon wafers is determined to be defective by the detection and positioning module and is transferred to the waste box, or cannot be positioned by the detection and positioning module and is transferred from the wafer removal station to the recycling basket), or remove the corresponding silicon wafer that is transported side by side, to ensure that each layer in the basket contains two and a half silicon wafers. Specifically, the silicon wafer patching mechanism 500 includes a linear transport mechanism (such as a linear motor) arranged perpendicular to the transport direction of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 and at least one suction cup on the linear transport mechanism, which is used to suck up a silicon wafer and transport it to the vacant sub-belt module of the unloading conveyor mechanism through the linear transport mechanism, or suck up the silicon wafer on the sub-belt module corresponding to the vacant sub-belt module and transport it for recycling through the linear transport mechanism.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes an AOI inspection mechanism 200 and a hidden crack detection mechanism 300. The AOI inspection mechanism 200 is arranged above the unloading conveyor mechanism 40, and the hidden crack detection mechanism 300 can be arranged above the loading conveyor mechanism 50 or above the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. Specifically, the AOI inspection mechanism 200 includes a robotic arm picking mechanism arranged above the unloading conveyor mechanism 40, and an AOI inspection camera arranged on one side of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. The robotic arm picking mechanism picks up the battery cell above the unloading conveyor module and transfers it to the AOI inspection camera position. After the inspection is completed, it is transferred to the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 via the robotic arm picking mechanism. The AOI inspection platform is separated from the machine and is rooted to the ground to reduce the impact of machine vibration. The hidden crack detection mechanism 300 is a camera, which is arranged above the unloading conveyor mechanism 40 and performs hidden crack detection on the battery cells passing below it.

[0045] See also Figure 1The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a basket transfer mechanism 80. The basket turnover mechanism includes an unprocessed basket lifting module 810 located at the starting end of the loading conveyor mechanism 50 and a processed basket lifting module 830 located at the end of the unloading conveyor mechanism 40. Silicon wafers in the unprocessed basket are transported from the bottom to the top through the loading conveyor mechanism 50, the loading and unloading transport mechanism 30, the processing host 10, the loading and unloading transport mechanism 30, the unloading conveyor mechanism 40, and into the processed basket of the processed basket lifting module 830. The baskets in the unprocessed basket lifting module 810 can be loaded with full wafers from the bottom and empty from the top (or loaded with full wafers from the top and empty from the bottom). The upper and lower baskets can be the same or different. The baskets in the processed basket lifting module 830 can be loaded with empty wafers from the bottom and full from the top (or loaded with empty wafers from the top and full from the bottom). The upper and lower baskets can be the same or different. Furthermore, the flower basket circulation can also be that the same flower basket is transported from the unprocessed flower basket lifting module 810 to the processed flower basket lifting module 830 via the flower basket transverse movement module. Both the flower basket lifting module and the flower basket transverse movement module can adopt existing technology.

[0046] To further illustrate, the loading and unloading conveyor mechanisms 50 and 40 are located near the unprocessed basket lifting module 810. When the processed basket lifting module 830 removes silicon wafers, the belt module extends into the basket and simultaneously removes two wafers. Once all wafers are removed from the basket, the belt module retracts. The belt conveyor module used here is a double-wafer retractable belt conveyor module, which can also employ existing structures.

[0047] The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a transverse robot arm (not shown in the figure), which is arranged above the belt conveyor module of the loading conveyor mechanism 50 near the unprocessed flower basket lifting module 810, and includes a transverse module (such as a linear motor) and a transverse suction cup. The transverse suction cup is driven by the transverse module to move back and forth above the first sub-belt module and the second sub-belt module of this belt conveyor module, and can transfer the battery cells on one of the sub-belt modules to another sub-belt module. When a laser processing module fails, the battery cells on the sub-belt module corresponding to the failed laser module can be moved to another sub-belt module for processing to avoid downtime.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing device, comprising a processing host, a loading and unloading conveying mechanism, a unloading and unloading conveying mechanism, and a loading and unloading transport mechanism, characterized in that: The processing host is equipped with a loading platform, a laser processing module and a detection and positioning module; The loading platform includes a rotating part and four bearing parts evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating part. The bearing part includes two negative pressure adsorption platforms spaced apart along the radial direction of the rotating part. The two negative pressure adsorption platforms each carry a half-cell solar cell. The rotating part is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate 90 degrees in steps, driving the bearing part to rotate at the loading and unloading station, visual photography station, sheet picking station, and laser processing station. The detection and positioning module is arranged above or below the supporting part of the visual photography station; the laser processing module is arranged above the supporting part of the laser processing station; Both the loading and unloading conveyor mechanisms are belt conveyor mechanisms, and multiple belt conveyor mechanisms are provided along the conveying direction. Each belt conveyor mechanism includes a first sub-belt module and a second sub-belt module spaced apart perpendicularly to the conveying direction, which convey two half-cell solar cells synchronously. The loading and unloading conveying mechanism and the unloading and unloading conveying mechanism are arranged in parallel and perpendicular to the conveying direction. The loading and unloading stations of the processing host and the unloading and unloading conveying mechanism are arranged in a U shape. The loading and unloading mechanism includes a loading and unloading mechanical arm and a loading and unloading suction cup. The loading and unloading mechanical arm includes two sub-arms arranged at 90 degrees. The free ends of the two sub-arms are respectively connected to two loading and unloading suction cups. The two loading and unloading suction cups are spaced apart along the extension direction of the sub-arms. The loading and unloading handling mechanism is arranged at the end of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism, between the loading and unloading station and the starting end of the unloading conveying mechanism. The loading and unloading robot arm rotates back and forth under the drive device, driving the loading and unloading suction cup of one sub-arm to move back and forth above the end of the loading and unloading conveying mechanism and the load-bearing part of the loading and unloading station. At the same time, the loading and unloading suction cup on the other sub-arm moves back and forth above the load-bearing part of the loading and unloading station and above the starting end of the unloading conveying mechanism to transport two half-cell batteries at the same time.

2. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste box is provided on the side of the belt conveyor module of the starting section of the unloading conveying mechanism close to the processing host. When the belt conveyor module of the starting section of the unloading conveying mechanism is reversed, the solar cell pieces can be transferred to the waste box.

3. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment further includes a silicon wafer rotating transport mechanism, which is arranged above two adjacent belt conveyor modules of the loading conveyor mechanism or the unloading conveyor mechanism; The silicon wafer rotating transport mechanism includes a silicon wafer rotating robotic arm. The silicon wafer rotating robotic arm is in a straight line shape. The two ends of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm are respectively located above two adjacent belt conveyor modules. Two silicon wafer rotating suction cups are fixedly provided at the two free ends of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm and are spaced apart and perpendicular to the extension direction of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm. The two suction cups are respectively located above the first sub-belt module and the second sub-belt module of the corresponding belt conveyor module. The center of the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm is set on the driving mechanism, driving the silicon wafer rotating robotic arm to rotate 180 degrees continuously or reciprocatingly.

4. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment further includes a recovery and transport mechanism, a recovery and conveying mechanism, and a recovery and basket lifting module, which are arranged on the side of the loading host machine opposite to the loading and unloading transport mechanism; Among them, the recycling and transportation mechanism includes a recycling robot arm and two recycling silicon wafer suction cups arranged at the free end of the recycling robot arm and spaced apart along the extension direction of the recycling robot arm. The recycling robot arm is a straight arm, one end of which is connected to the driving mechanism and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. The recycling silicon wafer suction cup at its free end moves back and forth above the supporting part of the wafer picking station and above the starting end of the recycling conveying mechanism, sucking the battery cell from the wafer picking station and transporting it to the starting end of the recycling conveying mechanism for release; the recycling conveying mechanism is a belt conveying mechanism, and the belt conveying mechanism includes a first sub-belt module and a second sub-belt module spaced apart perpendicular to the conveying direction.

5. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment further includes a silicon wafer buffer mechanism provided on a belt conveyor module of the loading conveyor mechanism and a belt conveyor module of the unloading conveyor mechanism; and, or The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer aligning mechanism, which is a centering clamp arranged on a belt conveying module of the loading conveying mechanism and the unloading conveying mechanism.

6. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a silicon wafer patching mechanism, which includes a linear transport mechanism arranged perpendicular to the transport direction of the blanking conveying mechanism and at least one suction cup on the linear transport mechanism for sucking the solar cell.

7. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes an AOI detection mechanism and a hidden crack detection mechanism, wherein the AOI detection mechanism is arranged above the unloading conveying mechanism, and the hidden crack detection mechanism can be arranged above the loading conveying mechanism, or above the unloading conveying mechanism.

8. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The AOI inspection mechanism includes a robotic arm picking mechanism arranged above the unloading conveyor mechanism, and an AOI inspection camera arranged on one side of the unloading conveyor mechanism. The robotic arm picking mechanism picks up the battery cell above the unloading conveyor module and transfers it to the inspection camera position. After the inspection is completed, it is transferred to the unloading conveyor mechanism through the robotic arm picking mechanism.

9. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a flower basket transfer mechanism, which includes an unprocessed flower basket lifting module arranged at the starting end of the loading conveyor mechanism and a processed flower basket lifting module arranged at the end of the unloading conveyor mechanism.

10. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The back-contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment also includes a transverse moving robot arm, which is arranged above the belt conveyor module of the loading conveying mechanism close to the unprocessed flower basket lifting module, and includes a transverse moving module and a transverse moving suction cup. The transverse moving suction cup moves back and forth above the first sub-belt module and the second sub-belt module of this belt conveyor module under the drive of the transverse moving module.

11. The back contact passivated solar cell laser processing equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The loading and unloading suction cups of the loading and unloading handling mechanism are configured so that when the loading and unloading robot arm reciprocates 90 degrees, the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases while the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm decreases; Alternatively, the loading and unloading suction cups of the loading and unloading handling mechanism are configured so that when the loading and unloading robot arm rotates back and forth 90 degrees, the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on one sub-arm increases or decreases, while the distance between the two loading and unloading suction cups on the other sub-arm remains unchanged, or increases or decreases accordingly.

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