Horizontal machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a horizontal machine tool. The machine tool comprises a base, a stand column, a workbench and a spindle component, and the base is provided with a first guide rail; the stand column is movably arranged on the first guide rail, and a second guide rail is arranged on the stand column; a preset included angle is formed between the normal line and the plumb line of the working plane of the workbench, and the workbench inclines downwards from the side away from the stand column to the side close to the stand column; the main shaft component is arranged on the second guide rail in a vertically movable mode and comprises a main shaft, and the working end of the main shaft faces the workbench. According to the arrangement mode, the working end of the main shaft does not need to overhang too long, so that the downward flexible deformation of the working end of the main shaft is reduced to a certain extent, and the problem of unstable machining precision is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a horizontal machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Due to its own structural characteristics, the horizontal machine tool (for example, horizontal machining center) needs to extend the spindle box toward the side where the workbench is located during machining, so that the machining spindle is suspended. Figure 1 As shown, in this state, the more the machining spindle 100 extends, the more of one side of the machining spindle 100 is suspended. Under the action of gravity, the more suspended part, the more obvious the tendency of the spindle to bow (i.e., flexure deformation toward the side where the base is located) will be, which will lead to unstable machining accuracy.

[0003] Furthermore, due to gravity, machining stability is worse when the spindle box is positioned high compared to machining at a low position. This can lead to poor product quality when machining at high altitudes or when the spindle extends excessively. Therefore, current horizontal machine tools still have shortcomings and require further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a horizontal machine tool, which can solve to a certain extent the problem of unstable machining accuracy when the main shaft extends too much or when machining at a relatively high position.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a horizontal machine tool, comprising:

[0007] A base is provided with a first guide rail;

[0008] a column movably arranged on the first guide rail, wherein the column is provided with a second guide rail;

[0009] A workbench, wherein a normal line of a working plane of the workbench forms a preset angle with a plumb line, and the workbench is tilted downward from a side away from the column to a side close to the column;

[0010] A main shaft component is movably arranged on the second guide rail, and the main shaft component includes a main shaft, and a working end of the main shaft faces the workbench.

[0011] In one embodiment, the working end of the main shaft is arranged to be inclined upward, inclined downward, or horizontal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the central axis of the spindle is perpendicular to the normal of the working plane of the workbench.

[0013] In one embodiment, the spindle component further comprises:

[0014] a saddle movably disposed on the second guide rail of the column;

[0015] The spindle box is movably arranged on the slide saddle along the feed direction of the spindle, and the spindle is located on a side of the spindle box close to the workbench.

[0016] In one embodiment, a spindle mounting surface is provided on the saddle, the spindle is mounted on the spindle mounting surface, and the spindle mounting surface is arranged parallel to the working plane of the workbench.

[0017] In one embodiment, the horizontal machine tool further comprises:

[0018] The turntable box includes a box bottom and a turntable. The box bottom is arranged on the base. The end surface of the box bottom away from the base is an inclined surface facing the column. The turntable is arranged on the inclined surface. The workbench is arranged on the turntable.

[0019] In one embodiment, the normal line of the working plane of the workbench has an inclination angle of 2-10° relative to the plumb line.

[0020] In one embodiment, the normal line of the working plane of the workbench is inclined at an angle of 3-5° relative to the plumb line.

[0021] In one embodiment, the column is tiltedly arranged on the base, and the extension direction of the second guide rail of the column is parallel to the normal of the working plane of the workbench, and the central axis of the main shaft is parallel to the working plane of the workbench.

[0022] In one embodiment, the horizontal machine tool further comprises:

[0023] The turntable box is non-rotatably arranged on the base, the end surface of the turntable box away from the base is horizontally or inclined, the workbench is arranged on the turntable box, and the working plane of the workbench is an inclined surface.

[0024] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that there is a preset angle between the normal line of the working plane of the workbench and the plumb line, and the workbench is tilted downward from the side away from the column to the side close to the column, so that the normal line of the workbench is tilted toward the column side, and the workpiece to be processed is closer to the spindle component. Therefore, the spindle of the machine tool does not need to extend too long toward the workbench, thereby reducing the amount of flexible deformation of the spindle caused by the excessive overhang of one end, thereby improving the stability of the processing accuracy. The tilted workbench can also provide a guiding effect for chips and cutting fluid, so that the chips and cutting fluid flow in one direction to facilitate chip removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the horizontal machine tool of the utility model.

[0028] The accompanying drawings are denoted by: 100 - machining spindle;

[0029] 1-base, 2-column, 3-workbench, 4-spindle assembly, 41-spindle, 42-saddle, 43-spindle box, 5-turntable box, 51-box bottom, 52-turntable, 53-inclined surface, 6-workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, the present invention uses a horizontal machine tool as an example to describe some of the technical solutions of the present invention. It is understood that the technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to horizontal machine tools with automatic tool changing functions, but are also applicable to other horizontal machine tools with horizontally arranged spindle boxes.

[0032] refer to Figure 2, a horizontal machine tool with an inclined worktable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a base 1, a column 2, a worktable 3 and a spindle component 4, the column 2 is arranged on the base 1; a first guide rail is provided on the base 1. The column 2 is movably arranged on the first guide rail, and a second guide rail is provided on the column 2. The normal of the worktable 3 is inclined toward the side of the column 2, that is, there is a preset angle between the normal of the working plane of the worktable 3 and the plumb line, and the worktable 3 is inclined downward from the side away from the column 2 to the side close to the column 2, so that the side of the worktable 3 away from the column 2 is higher than the other side facing the column 2. The worktable 3 is used to place a workpiece 6 to be processed. The spindle component 4 is movably arranged on the second guide rail of the column 2, and the spindle component includes a spindle 41, and the working end of the spindle 41 faces the worktable 3.

[0033] Compared to conventional horizontal machine tools, in the embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 6 to be machined is placed on an inclined worktable 3, with the normal of the worktable 3 tilted toward the column 2. This brings the workpiece 6 closer to the spindle assembly 4, thus reducing the need for the spindle 41 to extend excessively, thereby reducing the amount of flexural deformation caused by the overhang of one end of the spindle 41. Furthermore, the inclined worktable 3 also guides chips and cutting fluid, ensuring that they flow in one direction and facilitating chip removal.

[0034] In actual use, the working end of the spindle 41 can be configured to be tilted upward, tilted downward, or horizontal. When the working end is tilted upward, the working end of the spindle 41 is tilted upward. When the working end is tilted downward, the working end of the spindle 41 is tilted downward. This configuration allows the spindle 41 to be more inclined to abut against the workpiece on the workbench. The spindle 41 and the workpiece are in abutting working state, which facilitates the application of force by the working end of the spindle 41 to the workpiece during machining.

[0035] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 The central axis of the spindle 41 is perpendicular to the normal of the working plane of the workbench 3, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece 6 during the processing.

[0036] The working plane of the workbench 3 is tilted and the central axis of the spindle 41 is perpendicular to the normal of the working plane of the workbench 3, so that the working end of the spindle 41 is tilted toward the side away from the base 1, and the working end of the spindle 41 tends to rise (the working end of the spindle 41 is the protruding end, so the protruding end of the spindle 41 is higher and farther away from the base than the non-protruding end). The working end of the spindle 41 is tilted toward the side away from the base 1, that is, the working end of the spindle 41 is tilted toward one end of the workbench 3 higher than the other end away from the workbench 3. This arrangement can offset the tendency of the protruding end of the spindle box 43 to flex downward to a certain extent when the spindle box 43 is affected by gravity, thereby reducing the inaccuracy problem during processing caused by the downward flexural deformation of the spindle component 4.

[0037] For traditional horizontal machine tools, when the spindle 41 extends toward the side of the worktable 3, the spindle 41 will be subject to a certain degree of downward flexural deformation due to its own gravity. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the protruding end of the spindle 41 is tilted upward, and when the spindle 41 is extended, a margin is left for the center axis of the spindle 41 to be flexible and deformed downward. Under the action of its own gravity, the protruding end of the spindle 41 will droop from an upward tilted state to a nearly horizontal state. Such an arrangement can improve the quality of the product produced when the spindle 41 is processing a workpiece at a relatively high place or when the spindle 41 extends too much.

[0038] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 The spindle component 4 includes a saddle 42 and a spindle box 43. The saddle 42 is movably arranged on the second guide rail of the column 2; the spindle box 43 can be movably arranged on the saddle 42 along the feed direction of the spindle 41. The spindle 41 is located at one end of the spindle box 43 close to the workbench 3, and the spindle 41 is raised toward the side away from the base 1, that is, the end of the spindle 41 facing the workbench 3 is higher than the other end away from the workbench 3. In traditional horizontal machine tools, the spindle 41 is suspended and extended in a horizontal direction, so that the spindle 41 will be affected by gravity and produce downward flexible deformation. In order to reduce the downward flexible deformation of the spindle 41, the technical solution of some embodiments of the present invention sets the spindle 41 toward the side away from the base 1, so that the spindle 41 is in a raised state. The implementation method of the head-up setting of the spindle 41 includes setting the saddle 42 horizontally and setting the spindle box 43 obliquely on the saddle 42; the implementation method of the head-up setting of the spindle 41 also includes setting the saddle 42 obliquely on the column 2, setting the spindle box 43 on the saddle 42, and the spindle box 43 is parallel to the saddle 42, and the inclination of the spindle box 43 is due to the inclination of the saddle 42. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, a technical solution is adopted in which the saddle 42 is tilted. The side of the saddle 42 close to the workbench 3 is tilted away from the base 1 (i.e., tilted upward), so that the main shaft 41 installed on the saddle 42 is also tilted.

[0039] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 The saddle 42 is provided with a spindle mounting surface, and the spindle 41 is mounted on the spindle mounting surface. The spindle mounting surface is arranged parallel to the working plane of the worktable 3. Specifically, the saddle 42 itself is arranged horizontally, and an inclined spindle mounting surface is configured on the horizontally arranged saddle 42; the saddle 42 itself is tilted, so that the spindle mounting surface is also tilted, and the spindle box 43 is mounted parallel to the spindle mounting surface. Figure 2 The saddle 42 itself is shown as being tilted, thereby eliminating the need to provide an inclined surface on the saddle 42 and reducing the number of steps required to process the inclined surface.

[0040] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 The horizontal machine tool also includes a turntable box 5. The worktable 3 is arranged on the end face of the turntable box 5. The turntable box 5 includes a box bottom 51 and a turntable 52. The box bottom 51 is arranged on the base 1, and the end face of the box bottom 51 away from the base 1 is an inclined surface 53 facing the column 2. The turntable 52 is arranged on the inclined surface 53, and the worktable 3 is arranged on the turntable 52. It can be understood that the turntable box 5 is rotatably arranged on the base 1. The box bottom 51 and the turntable 52 can be two separate components, or they can be integrally formed. The turntable 52 is arranged on the inclined surface 53, so that the worktable 3 is inclined toward the side of the column 2. Since the turntable 52 is arranged in an inclined state, in actual operation, the inclined turntable 52 can provide a guiding effect for chips and cutting fluid, so that the chips and cutting fluid flow in one direction to facilitate chip removal.

[0041] Further, refer to Figure 2 The inclined surface 53 of the turret box 5 faces the column 2, that is, the side of the inclined surface 53 facing away from the column 2 is higher than the side close to the column 2. The central axis of the spindle 41 is arranged parallel to the inclined surface 53 of the turret box 5, so that the central axis of the spindle 41 is perpendicular to the normal of the workbench 3. In addition, because the turret box 5 is provided with the inclined surface 53 and the workbench 3 is directly mounted on the turret box 5, the upper and lower end surfaces of the workbench 3 are flat planes. Therefore, this structural arrangement facilitates the installation of the workbench 3 on the turret box 5 and facilitates the placement of the workpiece 6 on the workbench 3.

[0042] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2, further, the inclination angle of the working plane of the workbench 3 relative to the horizontal plane is 2-10°, and the inclination angle of the normal line of the working plane of the workbench 3 relative to the plumb line is 2-10°. Specifically, the angle between the inclined surface of the turntable box 5 and the horizontal plane where the base 1 is located is 2-10°. The workbench 3 is installed on the inclined surface of the turntable box 5, so that the workbench 3 is also inclined at an angle of 2-10°. The main shaft 41 is arranged parallel to the end face of the workbench 3, that is, the angle between the central axis of the main shaft 41 and the horizontal plane where the base 1 is located is also 2-10°. Preferably, the angle between the inclined surface 53 of the turntable box 5 and the horizontal plane where the base 1 is located is 3-5°. In actual operation, the inclination angle of the normal line of the working plane of the workbench 3 relative to the plumb line can be selected to be 3°.

[0043] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 , the column 2 is tilted on the base 1, and the extension direction of the second guide rail of the column 2 is parallel to the normal of the working plane of the workbench 3, and the central axis of the spindle 41 is parallel to the working plane of the workbench 3. In this setting method, the column 2 is tilted, and the spindle 41 is perpendicular to the column 2. By tilting the column 2, the protruding end of the spindle 41 is raised to the side away from the base 1. In this setting method, only the column 2 needs to be tilted, and the installation and design methods of the spindle 41, the spindle box 43 and the saddle 42 can use existing technologies to facilitate assembly.

[0044] As one of the alternative implementations, refer to Figure 2 , the turntable box 5 is non-rotatably arranged on the base 1, and the end face of the turntable box 5 away from the base 1 is horizontally arranged or inclined. The workbench 3 is arranged on the end face away from the base 1. In order to enable the workbench 3 to be tilted, the working plane of the workbench 3 away from the base 1 is set as an inclined surface inclined toward the column 2. Furthermore, the angle between the above-mentioned inclined surface of the workbench 3 and the horizontal plane where the base 1 is located is 2-10° (that is, the angle between the working plane of the workbench 3 and the horizontal plane is 2-10°), and the preferred inclination angle is 3-5°. This technical solution can be used as an alternative solution for the inclined setting of the rotation axis of the turntable box.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0046] 1. The workbench is tilted, which provides guidance for the flow of chips and cutting fluid. The chips and cutting fluid flow in one direction, making chip removal convenient.

[0047] 2. Since the workpiece 6 to be processed is also installed obliquely on the working plane and is close to the column side, the spindle 41 needs to be adaptively moved back during processing, so that the overhang of the spindle box 43 and the spindle 41 becomes smaller, making the machine tool more rigid.

[0048] 3. The central axis of the spindle 41 is parallel to the working plane of the workbench 3, and the contact surface between the saddle 42 and the spindle box 43 is inclined, which is better than the horizontal force and the machine tool stability is better.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal machine tool, characterized in that: include: A base (1) is provided with a first guide rail; A column (2) is movably arranged on the first guide rail, and a second guide rail is arranged on the column; A workbench (3), wherein a normal line of a working plane of the workbench and a plumb line form a preset angle, and the workbench is tilted downward from a side away from the column to a side close to the column; A main shaft component (4) is arranged on the second guide rail in a manner that allows it to move up and down. The main shaft component (4) includes a main shaft (41), and a working end of the main shaft (41) faces the workbench (3).

2. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The working end of the main shaft (41) is arranged to be inclined upward, inclined downward, or horizontal.

3. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central axis of the spindle (41) is perpendicular to the normal of the working plane of the workbench (3).

4. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main shaft component (4) also includes: A saddle (42) is movably arranged on the second guide rail of the column (2); A spindle box (43) is movably arranged on the slide saddle (42) along the feeding direction of the spindle (41), and the spindle (41) is located on a side of the spindle box (43) close to the workbench (3).

5. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spindle mounting surface is provided on the slide saddle (42), the spindle (41) is mounted on the spindle mounting surface, and the spindle mounting surface is arranged parallel to the working plane of the workbench (3).

6. The horizontal machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The horizontal machine tool also includes: The turntable box (5) comprises a box bottom (51) and a turntable (52), wherein the box bottom (51) is arranged on the base (1), and the end surface of the box bottom (51) away from the base (1) is an inclined surface (53) facing the column (2), the turntable (52) is arranged on the inclined surface (53), and the workbench (3) is arranged on the turntable (52).

7. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The normal line of the working plane of the workbench (3) has an inclination angle of 2-10° relative to the plumb line.

8. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The normal line of the working plane of the workbench (3) has an inclination angle of 3-5° relative to the plumb line.

9. The horizontal machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The column (2) is arranged obliquely on the base (1), and the extension direction of the second guide rail of the column (2) is parallel to the normal of the working plane of the workbench (3), and the central axis of the main shaft (41) is parallel to the working plane of the workbench (3).

10. The horizontal machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The horizontal machine tool also includes: The turntable box (5) is non-rotatably arranged on the base (1), the end surface of the turntable box (5) away from the base (1) is horizontally or inclined, the workbench is arranged on the turntable box, and the working plane of the workbench (3) is an inclined surface.

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