Quick-change clamp for numerical control machining of batch shell parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick-change fixture for numerical control machining of batch shell parts, which comprises a fixture base and a fixture exchange plate, the fixture exchange plate is detachably mounted on the fixture base, and the fixture exchange plate and the fixture base are positioned in a one-surface two-pin manner; a plurality of shell part machining positions are arranged on the clamp exchange plate, and shell parts are pressed on the corresponding shell part machining positions through profiling pressing plates. According to the quick-change clamp, the machining capacity of producing multiple shell parts at one time is achieved, multiple shell parts can be machined at the same time at a time, compared with a traditional method that only one shell part is machined at a time, the tool changing time of a machine tool is greatly shortened, and the quick-change clamp is reasonable in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost and suitable for large-scale machining of the shell parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control processing equipment, in particular to a quick-change fixture used for numerical control processing of batch shell parts. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, particularly in CNC precision machining, fixtures have become essential tools. However, certain housing parts, due to their complex shapes, thin walls, and high aesthetic requirements, are prone to deformation, pinching, and crushing during machining and clamping. Positioning and clamping are also difficult. Traditional fixtures often struggle to meet these production demands. Furthermore, the clamping process for housing parts is time-consuming, significantly impacting production efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, designing a fixture with high positioning accuracy, convenient clamping, and quick replacement to achieve batch processing of shell parts is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts to solve the problems in the prior art, thereby improving production efficiency and ensuring product quality.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts, including a fixture base and a fixture exchange plate. The fixture exchange plate can be detachably installed on the fixture base, and the fixture exchange plate and the fixture base are positioned using a one-side two-pin method; a plurality of shell part processing positions are provided on the fixture exchange plate, and a contoured pressure plate is used to press the shell parts onto the corresponding shell part processing positions.

[0006] Furthermore, there are at least two fixture exchange plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixture base includes a base bottom plate, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a first rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly, and a second rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the base bottom plate, the first rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly is arranged on the left side of the first positioning block, and the second rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly is arranged on the right side of the second positioning block.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixture base further includes reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged between the base bottom plate and the first positioning block and the second positioning block.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the first positioning block and the second positioning block share a common plane, the first positioning block is provided with a cylindrical pin, and the second positioning block is provided with a chamfered pin.

[0010] Furthermore, an anti-error pin is provided on the first positioning block or the second positioning block.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixture exchange plate includes an exchange plate bottom plate, and holes corresponding to the cylindrical pins, chamfered pins, and anti-error pins are opened on both sides of the exchange plate bottom plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixture exchange plate includes an exchange plate base plate, and a plurality of shell part mounting holes arranged in rows and columns are provided in the center of the exchange plate base plate, each shell part mounting hole matches the opening shape of the shell part, and a positioning plate is provided above each shell part mounting hole, and the positioning plate is connected to the exchange plate base plate through a positioning plate mounting screw and a positioning pin, and a positioning hole matching the opening shape of the shell part is provided on the positioning plate, and a sealing ring groove is provided on the side wall of the positioning hole, and the sealing ring groove is used to install an "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring, and a universal contoured pressure plate assembly is provided below two adjacent shell part mounting holes in each column.

[0013] Furthermore, handles are respectively provided on both sides of the fixture exchange plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the universal contoured pressure plate assembly includes a main body, a hook-shaped pressure plate, a tightening screw and a pressure plate limiting pin, the pressure plate limiting pin is arranged below the exchange plate bottom plate, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the main body, and a mounting hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body, the hook-shaped pressure plate is fixed to the mounting hole by a screw, the tightening screw passes through the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate and the through hole of the main body and is detachably fixed to the exchange plate bottom plate, there is a gap between the tightening screw and the inner side of the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate, semicircular notches are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body, the size of the semicircular notch is larger than the size of the pressure plate limiting pin, and guide columns and connecting columns are respectively arranged at both ends of the main body. Block, each connecting block is provided with a guide hole, and is sleeved on the corresponding guide column through the guide hole, and a threaded hole is provided in the center of the guide column, and the connecting block is connected to the main body by screwing the connecting block fastening screw into the corresponding threaded hole; each connecting block is provided with a pressure plate mounting hole on both sides, and a contoured pressure plate is provided on either side of each connecting block, and each contoured pressure plate is connected to the connecting block by screwing the contoured pressure plate fastening stud into the corresponding pressure plate mounting hole, and the contoured opening of each contoured pressure plate matches the bottom shape of the shell part, so that the shell part can be pressed to the positioning plate, so that the shell part can be processed by a machine tool.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1. The quick-change fixture of this utility model realizes the "one-out-many" processing capability, which can process multiple shell parts at the same time. Compared with the traditional method of processing only one piece at a time, it greatly reduces the tool change time of the machine tool.

[0017] 2. The utility model adopts the "off-machine clamping" design, which significantly saves the clamping time of the shell parts by exchanging two fixture exchange plates.

[0018] 3. The utility model uses an "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring for positioning, which effectively solves the problem of size differences of the shell parts blanks and the easy crushing of the positioning surface.

[0019] 4. The quick-change design of this utility model greatly improves the stability of the product and the production and processing efficiency.

[0020] 5. The quick-change fixture provided by the utility model has a reasonable structure, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, and is suitable for mass processing of shell parts.

[0021] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a quick-change clamp of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a clamp base according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a fixture exchange plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of a positioning plate in a fixture exchange plate in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Middle AA section view;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a fixture exchange plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of a universal contoured pressure plate assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1- fixture base, 2- fixture exchange plate, 3- shell parts, 11- base bottom plate, 12- reinforcing ribs, 13- anti-error pins, 14- chamfering pins, 15- positioning blocks, 16- cylindrical pins, 17- rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly, 21- universal contoured pressure plate assembly, 22- exchange plate bottom plate, 23- "O" shaped fluororubber sealing ring, 24- positioning plate, 25- positioning plate mounting screws and positioning pins, 26- handle, 27- pressure plate limit pin, 211- main body, 212- hook-shaped pressure plate, 213- tightening screw, 214- contoured pressure plate, 215- contoured pressure plate tightening stud, 216- connecting block tightening screw, 217- connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0031] In the drawings, components with identical structures are denoted by the same reference numerals, and components with similar structures or functions are denoted by similar reference numerals. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary and are not limited by the present invention. For clarity, the thicknesses of components in some places in the drawings are exaggerated.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts, which includes two major parts: a fixture base 1 and a fixture exchange plate 2.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixture base 1 is composed of a base plate 11, reinforcing ribs 12, anti-error pins 13, chamfered pins 14, positioning blocks 15, cylindrical pins 16, a rotary cylinder, and a pressure plate assembly 17. The base plate 11 is mainly used to mount other components and connect the fixture to the machine tool worktable; the reinforcing ribs 12 serve to connect and strengthen the rigidity of the fixture; the anti-error pins 13 are mainly used to prevent the fixture exchange plate 2 from being placed in the opposite direction relative to the fixture base 1; the chamfered pins 14, positioning blocks 15 (the upper surfaces of the two positioning blocks 15 are at the same height), and the cylindrical pins 16 are combined into a "one-side, two-pin" structure, which can accurately ensure that the fixture exchange plate 2 occupies a unique and correct position on the fixture base 1; the rotary cylinder and pressure plate assembly 17 serve to compress the fixture exchange plate 2.

[0035] like Figure 3-7As shown, the fixture exchange plate 2 is composed of a universal contoured pressure plate assembly 21, an exchange plate base plate 22, an "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring 23, a positioning plate 24, positioning plate mounting screws and positioning pins 25, a handle 26, and a pressure plate limit pin 27. Among them, the universal profiling pressure plate assembly 21 mainly plays the role of pressing the processed shell part 3. It has multiple degrees of freedom that are not restricted. The profiling pressure plates 214 at both ends can rotate slightly in multiple directions, so no over-positioning occurs when pressing the shell part 3; the exchange plate bottom plate 22 is mainly used to install other components and cooperate with the fixture base 1 through the holes on it; the "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring 3 is mainly used to locate the outer shape of the shell part 3 and can protect the outer surface of the shell part 3; the positioning plate 24 is mainly fitted with the surface of the shell part 3, limiting the freedom of the shell part 3 and playing a positioning role. In addition, the side wall of its inner cavity is processed with a groove for installing the "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring 23; the positioning plate mounting screws and positioning pins 25 are mainly used to connect the exchange plate bottom plate 22 and the positioning plate 24; the handle 26 is mainly used to facilitate the movement of the fixture exchange plate 2 when replacing and clamping the shell part 3; the pressure plate limit pin 27 is arranged below the fixture exchange plate 2, and the pressure plate limit pin 27 is mainly used to limit the position of the universal profiling pressure plate assembly 21. There are generally two sets of fixture exchange plates 2, one of which is installed on the fixture base 1 of the machine tool workbench to process parts, while the other set is used to clamp the shell parts 3 outside the machine tool. After the processing on the machine tool is completed, the two fixture exchange plates 2 are interchanged to realize the processing of the shell parts 3 clamped on the other piece.

[0036] The exchange plate base plate 22 is provided with two rows and three columns of housing component mounting holes, whose shape matches the opening shape of the housing component 3. A universal contoured pressure plate assembly 21 is positioned below each row of housing component mounting holes. A positioning plate 24 is positioned above each component mounting hole. This creates multiple processing positions for the housing component 3.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown, the universal contoured pressure plate assembly 21 consists of a main body 211 , a hook-shaped pressure plate 212 , a tightening screw 213 , a contoured pressure plate 214 , a contoured pressure plate fastening stud 215 , a connecting block fastening screw 216 and a connecting block 217 .

[0038] The main body 211 has a central through-hole and a mounting hole on its bottom. A hook-shaped pressure plate 212 is screwed into the mounting hole. A clamping screw 213 passes through the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate 212 and the through-hole in the main body 211, allowing it to be removably secured to the exchange board base plate 22. A certain clearance exists between the clamping screw 213 and the inner side of the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate 212. Semicircular notches are provided on either side of the main body 211, slightly larger than the pressure plate stop pin 27.

[0039] Guide columns and connecting blocks 217 are respectively provided at both ends of the main body 211. Each connecting block 217 is provided with a guide hole and is sleeved on the corresponding guide column through the guide hole. A threaded hole is provided in the center of the guide column, and the connecting block fastening screw 216 is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole to connect the connecting block 217 to the main body 211.

[0040] Each connecting block 217 has a pressure plate mounting hole on either side. Two contoured pressure plates 214 are screwed into the corresponding pressure plate mounting holes via contoured pressure plate fastening studs 215 to connect the contoured pressure plates 214 to the connecting blocks 217. The contoured openings of the two contoured pressure plates 214 match the bottom shape of the housing part 3, pressing the housing part 3 against the positioning plate 24, thereby enabling machining of the housing part 3 using a machine tool.

[0041] When the universal contoured pressure plate assembly 21 presses the shell part 3, the pressure plate limit pin 27 cooperates with the semicircular recess, and the clamping screw 213 cooperates with the hook-shaped pressure plate 212, so that the contoured pressure plates 214 fixed on both sides of the connecting blocks 217 at both ends of the main body 211 can rotate slightly in multiple directions.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides an operating method for a quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts, and the steps are as follows:

[0044] First, install the shell part 3 into each processing position of the fixture exchange plate 2 with a little force, and fix the shell part 3 by the "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring 23 and the positioning plate 24. Then put in the universal contoured pressure plate assembly 21 (its position is limited by the pressure plate limit pin 27) and tighten the clamping screw 213 on it to press the shell part 3. After ensuring that the processed shell parts 3 in each processing position on the fixture exchange plate 2 are installed, then install the fixture exchange plate 2 on the fixture base 1 on the machine tool workbench, open the control valve, rotate the cylinder and the pressure plate assembly 17 to press the fixture exchange plate 2. The fixture base 1 and the fixture exchange plate 2 are both positioned using "two pins on one side" and are equipped with anti-error pins 13 to prevent reverse installation. The machine tool processing program can then be started to perform processing. During this process, one fixture exchange plate 2 can be clamped. After the processing on the machine tool is completed, the two fixture exchange plates 2 can be interchanged to complete the processing of the shell part 3 on the other fixture exchange plate 2. This action can be repeated to complete the processing operation of the shell part 3.

[0045] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art based on the concepts of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts, characterized in that: It includes a fixture base and a fixture exchange plate. The fixture exchange plate can be detachably installed on the fixture base. The fixture exchange plate and the fixture base are positioned using a one-side two-pin method. Multiple shell part processing positions are provided on the fixture exchange plate, and a contoured pressure plate is used to press the shell parts onto the corresponding shell part processing positions.

2. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two fixture exchange plates.

3. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp base includes a base bottom plate, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a first rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly, and a second rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the base bottom plate, the first rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly is arranged on the left side of the first positioning block, and the second rotating cylinder and pressure plate assembly is arranged on the right side of the second positioning block.

4. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixture base further includes a reinforcing rib, which is arranged between the base bottom plate and the first positioning block and the second positioning block.

5. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surfaces of the first positioning block and the second positioning block share a common plane. The first positioning block is provided with a cylindrical pin, and the second positioning block is provided with a chamfered pin.

6. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first positioning block or the second positioning block is also provided with an anti-error pin.

7. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixture exchange plate includes an exchange plate bottom plate, and holes corresponding to the cylindrical pins, chamfered pins, and anti-error pins are opened on both sides of the exchange plate bottom plate.

8. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture exchange plate includes an exchange plate base plate, and a plurality of shell part mounting holes arranged in rows and columns are provided in the center of the exchange plate base plate, each shell part mounting hole matches the opening shape of the shell part, and a positioning plate is provided above each shell part mounting hole, and the positioning plate is connected to the exchange plate base plate by positioning plate mounting screws and positioning pins, and a positioning hole matching the opening shape of the shell part is provided on the positioning plate, and a sealing ring groove is provided on the side wall of the positioning hole, and the sealing ring groove is used to install an "O"-shaped fluororubber sealing ring, and a universal contoured pressure plate assembly is provided below two adjacent shell part mounting holes in each column.

9. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: Handles are respectively provided on both sides of the clamp exchange plate.

10. The quick-change fixture for CNC machining of batch shell parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The universal contoured pressure plate assembly includes a main body, a hook-shaped pressure plate, a tightening screw and a pressure plate limiting pin, the pressure plate limiting pin is arranged below the exchange plate bottom plate, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the main body, a mounting hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body, the hook-shaped pressure plate is fixed to the mounting hole by a screw, the tightening screw passes through the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate and the through hole of the main body and is detachably fixed to the exchange plate bottom plate, there is a gap between the tightening screw and the inner side of the hook portion of the hook-shaped pressure plate, semicircular notches are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body, the size of the semicircular notch is larger than the size of the pressure plate limiting pin, and guide columns and connecting blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the main body. Each connecting block is provided with a guide hole, and is sleeved on the corresponding guide column through the guide hole. A threaded hole is provided in the center of the guide column, and the connecting block is connected to the main body by screwing the connecting block fixing screw into the corresponding threaded hole; each connecting block is provided with a pressure plate mounting hole on both sides, and a contoured pressure plate is provided on either side of each connecting block, and each contoured pressure plate is connected to the connecting block by screwing the contoured pressure plate fixing stud into the corresponding pressure plate mounting hole. The contoured opening of each contoured pressure plate matches the bottom shape of the shell part, so that the shell part can be pressed against the positioning plate, so that the shell part can be processed by a machine tool.

Images