Elevator anomaly detection device
By introducing a locking mechanism and a friction plate structure into the elevator, the problem of untimely detection by traditional elevator detection devices is solved, rapid deceleration and safety assurance in abnormal elevator conditions are achieved, and the structure is simple and easy to maintain.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422958130.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional elevator anomaly detection devices are not timely and accurate, and cannot effectively ensure passenger safety, especially when the car is out of control.
An elevator anomaly detection device is designed. The locking mechanism is triggered when the elevator is overspeeding or moving rapidly. The friction plate is pressed against the guide rail to decelerate the car. The roller and pawl structure are combined to achieve automatic detection and rapid response.
It realizes quick response and safety protection in abnormal elevator conditions, has a simple structure and is easy to maintain, ensuring the safety of equipment and passengers.
Smart Images
Figure CN223342129U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an elevator abnormality detection device. Background Art
[0002] An elevator is a vertical transportation device. Its working principle is to use electric traction and traction through a wire rope pulley to make the car move up and down in a vertical shaft, thereby achieving the purpose of transporting people and goods. Specifically, an elevator includes a car, which is usually designed to accommodate passengers or goods and is equipped with doors for passengers to enter and exit. The power of the elevator is usually provided by an electric motor, which transmits the power to the elevator's suspension system through a series of transmission mechanisms (such as reducers, traction sheaves, etc.), thereby driving the car up and down. In addition, the elevator is also equipped with a control system to receive passenger instructions, determine the elevator's running direction and stop floors, and control the elevator's start, acceleration, deceleration and stop actions.
[0003] Traditional elevator anomaly detection devices mainly rely on the elevator's own control system for fault detection and alarm, but this method often has problems such as delayed detection and low accuracy. Especially when a serious elevator fault occurs, such as the car suddenly losing control, traditional detection devices may not be able to respond quickly, thus failing to effectively ensure passenger safety.
[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an elevator abnormality detection device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an elevator abnormality detection device, including an elevator shaft and a car arranged in the elevator shaft, the elevator shaft is a hollow structure and its interior is penetrated in the vertical direction, the car slides in the elevator shaft, and one side of the two opposite inner side walls of the elevator shaft is provided with a vertical guide rail 1, and the two inner side walls away from the guide rail 1 are provided with a vertical guide rail 2, the car is slidably connected to the two guide rails 1 and the car is located between the two guide rails 1, and the top and bottom of the car are respectively fixedly connected to the side close to the guide rail 1 with a fixed block, the cross-section of the fixed block is a "concave" shape and the notch is set facing the guide rail 1, the guide rail 1 is located in the notch of the fixed block, and a roller is installed on the top of the fixed block, the roller is rollingly connected to the surface of the guide rail 1, and the roller is provided with a locking mechanism.
[0007] Furthermore, the axial direction of the roller is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail, and the center of the two side walls of the roller is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 1. The end of the rotating shaft 1 away from the roller is rotatably connected to a fixed frame, and the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the fixed block. The fixed frame is a hollow structure, and the locking mechanism is located inside the fixed frame.
[0008] Furthermore, there are three rollers, which are respectively connected to the three outer side walls of the guide rail one in a rolling manner. The locking mechanism includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft one away from the roller. A fixed column is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the fixed plate away from the rotating shaft one. A plurality of fixed rods distributed in a circular array are fixedly connected to the outer arc wall of the fixed column, and the length direction of the fixed rods is consistent with the radial direction of the fixed column.
[0009] Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the center of a side wall of the fixing rod away from the fixing column, and a pawl is rotatably connected to the end of the fixing rod away from the fixing column. A notch is provided at the end of the pawl close to the fixing rod, and the fixing ring is located in the notch. A channel 1 is provided at the center of each inner side wall of the notch, and the same pin shaft is installed in the channel 1 on both sides, and the pin shaft passes through the fixing ring.
[0010] Furthermore, the pawl is fixedly connected to a hook at the center of one side wall near the fixed column, the end of the hook away from the pawl is hung with a tension spring, the other end of the tension spring away from the hook is hung with a limiting column, the limiting column is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, the axial direction of the limiting column is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed column, and several of the limiting columns are located outside the fixed column and there is a gap between them and the fixed rod.
[0011] Furthermore, the outer side of several of the pawls is provided with a same ratchet, the ratchet is adapted to the pawl, the outer arc wall of the ratchet is fixedly connected to an outer gear ring, the ratchet and the outer gear ring are both rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the fixed frame away from the roller, and the bottom of the outer gear ring is engaged with a horizontal rack rod, and the rack rod is set toward the guide rail.
[0012] Furthermore, one end of the rack rod close to guide rail one passes through the fixed frame, and the other end of the rack rod close to guide rail one is fixedly connected to a vertical friction plate, and a side wall of the friction plate close to guide rail one is paved with a material that increases friction, and the end of the fixed column away from the fixed disk is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame away from the roller.
[0013] Furthermore, a same counterweight block is slidably connected between the two guide rails 2, and a number of cables are fixedly connected at the center of the top of the car and the counterweight block. The ends of two cables located on the same straight line at the top of the car and the counterweight block are fixedly connected to each other.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0015] 1. Through the locking mechanism, when the elevator is overspeeding or even moving rapidly, the locking mechanism will be triggered, which will drive the outer gear ring to rotate, drive the friction plate to extend and tightly press against the guide rail, thereby slowing down the car until it stops. During this period, the surface of the friction plate will be damaged due to uninterrupted friction. At this time, the roller can still roll on the guide rail and drive the rack plate to move further toward the guide rail, so that the friction plate is always in close contact with the guide rail surface, realizing automatic detection of elevator abnormalities and rapid response, protecting the safety of the equipment itself and the passengers inside.
[0016] 2. The structure of this device is relatively simple, which is convenient for later inspection, maintenance and replacement. It only requires the disassembly of designated components without the need to disassemble and reassemble the entire elevator system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an elevator abnormality detection device in which the locking mechanism is not activated;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an elevator abnormality detection device with the locking mechanism in an activated state;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a locking mechanism in an elevator abnormality detection device;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an elevator abnormality detection device;
[0021] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an elevator abnormality detection device.
[0022] In the picture:
[0023] 10. Elevator shaft; 11. Car; 12. Guide rail 1; 13. Guide rail 2; 14. Cable; 15. Counterweight; 16. Fixed block;
[0024] 20. Roller; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Ratchet; 23. External gear ring; 24. Rack rod; 25. Friction plate;
[0025] 30. Ratchet; 31. Fixed rod; 32. Fixed column; 33. Tension spring; 34. Limit column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: it includes an elevator shaft 10 and a car 11 arranged in the elevator shaft 10, the elevator shaft 10 is a hollow structure and its interior is penetrated in the vertical direction, the car 11 slides in the elevator shaft 10, and one side of the two opposite inner side walls of the elevator shaft 10 is provided with a vertical guide rail 12, and the two inner side walls away from the guide rail 12 are provided with a vertical guide rail 2 13, the car 11 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 12 and the car 11 is located between the two guide rails 12, and the top and bottom of the car 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the side close to the guide rail 12 with a fixing block 16, the cross section of the fixing block 16 is a "concave" shape and the notch is arranged facing the guide rail 12, the guide rail 12 is located in the notch of the fixing block 16, and a roller 20 is installed on the top of the fixing block 16, the roller 20 is rollingly connected to the surface of the guide rail 12, and the roller 20 is provided with a locking mechanism;
[0028] A common counterweight 15 is slidably connected between the two guide rails 13, and a plurality of cables 14 are fixedly connected at the center of the top of the car 11 and the counterweight 15. Two of the cables 14 located on the same straight line at the top of the car 11 and the counterweight 15 are fixedly connected at their ends close to each other.
[0029] It should be noted that the power source of the elevator shaft 10 is provided by a driving device located at the top of the elevator shaft 10, the counterweight 15 is used to maintain the balance of the elevator shaft 10 during movement, and the cable 14 is used to connect the car 11 and the counterweight 15 (this belongs to the existing known technology and will not be elaborated on).
[0030] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: the axis direction of the roller 20 is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail 12, and the center of the two side walls of the roller 20 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1, and the end of the rotating shaft 1 away from the roller 20 is rotatably connected to the fixing frame, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the fixing block 16. The fixing frame is a hollow structure, and the locking mechanism is located inside the fixing frame;
[0031] There are three rollers 20, which are respectively connected to the three outer side walls of the guide rail 12 in a rolling manner. The locking mechanism includes a fixed plate 21 fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft 1 away from the roller 20. A fixed column 32 is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the fixed plate 21 away from the rotating shaft 1. A plurality of fixed rods 31 distributed in an annular array are fixedly connected to the outer arc wall of the fixed column 32. The length direction of the fixed rods 31 is consistent with the radial direction of the fixed column 32.
[0032] The fixing rod 31 is fixedly connected to a fixing ring at the center of a side wall away from the fixing column 32. The end of the fixing rod 31 away from the fixing column 32 is rotatably connected to the pawl 30. The end of the pawl 30 close to the fixing rod 31 is provided with a notch. The fixing ring is located in the notch. The centers of the two inner side walls of the notch are each provided with a channel 1 that passes through the axial direction of the fixing column 32. The same pin is installed in the channel 1 on both sides, and the pin passes through the fixing ring.
[0033] The pawl 30 is fixedly connected to a hook at the center of one side wall near the fixed post 32, and a tension spring 33 is hung on the end of the hook away from the pawl 30, and a limiting post 34 is hung on the other end of the tension spring 33 away from the hook. The limiting post 34 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 21, and the axial direction of the limiting post 34 is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed post 32. Several of the limiting posts 34 are located outside the fixed post 32 and there is a gap between them and the fixed rod 31;
[0034] A common ratchet 22 is provided on the outer side of the plurality of pawls 30. The ratchet 22 is adapted to the pawl 30. An outer toothed ring 23 is fixedly connected to the outer arc wall of the ratchet 22. The ratchet 22 and the outer toothed ring 23 are both rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the fixed frame away from the roller 20. A horizontal rack rod 24 is meshedly connected to the bottom of the outer toothed ring 23. The rack rod 24 is arranged toward the guide rail 12.
[0035] The end of the rack rod 24 close to the guide rail 12 passes through the fixed frame. The end of the rack rod 24 close to the guide rail 12 is fixedly connected to a vertical friction plate 25. The side wall of the friction plate 25 close to the guide rail 12 is paved with a material that increases friction. The end of the fixed column 32 away from the fixed disk 21 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame away from the roller 20.
[0036] It should be noted that when the car 11 is overspeeding or even moving rapidly, the roller 20 will inevitably rotate at high speed, causing the multiple ratchet pawls 30 on the fixed plate 21 to rotate at high speed with the axis of the fixed plate 21 as the axis. Under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation, the pawls 30 overcome the elastic potential energy of the tension spring 33 and extend outward, thereby engaging with the ratchet 22, and then driving the outer gear ring 23 to engage the rack rod 24 to extend it out of the fixed frame. The rack rod 24 drives the friction plate 25 to press against the guide rail 12, thereby decelerating the car 11.
[0037] The end of the pawl 30 away from the fixed rod 31 is provided with a barb. When the pawl 30 is engaged with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 22, the barb prevents the pawl 30 from retracting. Since the pawl 30 is thrown out by the centrifugal force, it can slide back freely when engaged, thereby preventing the friction plate 25 from contacting the guide rail 12, which would cause the rotation speed of the roller 20 to decrease and the pawl 30 to retract, resulting in the friction plate 25 not being able to contact the guide rail 12 tightly.
[0038] When the surface of the friction plate 25 is worn and the friction plate 25 and the guide rail 12 can no longer be pressed tightly together, the roller 20 can still rotate under the friction force of the guide rail 12 to make the rack rod 24 continue to extend and further press the friction plate 25 together.
[0039] Working principle:
[0040] The car 11 moves vertically along the guide rail 12 in the elevator shaft 10. Its power is provided by the driving mechanism located at the top of the elevator shaft 10. The cable 14 is used to maintain the balance of the car 11 during movement. When the car 11 is overspeeding or even moving rapidly (whether rapidly rising or descending), the locking mechanism will be triggered. The pawl 30 overcomes the elastic potential energy of the tension spring 33 under the action of centrifugal force to drive the rack rod 24 to extend, thereby causing the friction plate 25 to press against the guide rail 12 to slow down the car 11 until it stops.
Claims
1. An elevator abnormality detection device, comprising an elevator shaft (10) and a car (11) disposed in the elevator shaft (10), wherein the elevator shaft (10) is a hollow structure and its interior is vertically penetrated, and the car (11) slides in the elevator shaft (10), wherein two opposite inner side walls of the elevator shaft (10) are each provided with a vertical guide rail (12) on one side, and the two inner side walls away from the guide rail (12) are each provided with a vertical guide rail (13) on the side, wherein: The car (11) is slidably connected to the two guide rails (12) and the car (11) is located between the two guide rails (12). The top and bottom of the car (11) are fixedly connected to the side close to the guide rail (12). The cross section of the fixed block (16) is in a "concave" shape and the notch is arranged toward the guide rail (12). The guide rail (12) is located in the notch of the fixed block (16). A roller (20) is installed on the top of the fixed block (16). The roller (20) is rollingly connected to the surface of the guide rail (12). A locking mechanism is provided on the roller (20).
2. The elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 1, wherein: The axis direction of the roller (20) is perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail (12). The centers of the two side walls of the roller (20) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (1). The end of the rotating shaft (1) away from the roller (20) is rotatably connected to a fixing frame. The fixing frame is fixedly connected to the fixing block (16). The fixing frame is a hollow structure, and the locking mechanism is located inside the fixing frame.
3. The elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 2, wherein: There are three rollers (20) in total, which are respectively connected to the three outer side walls of the guide rail (12) in a rolling manner. The locking mechanism includes a fixed disk (21) fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating shaft (1) away from the roller (20). A fixed column (32) is fixedly connected to the center of the side wall of the fixed disk (21) away from the rotating shaft. A plurality of fixed rods (31) distributed in a ring array are fixedly connected to the outer arc wall of the fixed column (32). The length direction of the fixed rods (31) is consistent with the radial direction of the fixed column (32).
4. An elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing rod (31) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring at the center of a side wall away from the fixing column (32); the end of the fixing rod (31) away from the fixing column (32) is rotatably connected to a pawl (30); the end of the pawl (30) close to the fixing rod (31) is provided with a notch, and the fixing ring is located in the notch. A channel 1 is provided at the center of both inner side walls of the notch and passes through the fixing column (32) axially. The same pin is installed in the channel 1 on both sides, and the pin passes through the fixing ring.
5. The elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pawl (30) is fixedly connected to a hook at the center of a side wall close to the fixed column (32); one end of the hook away from the pawl (30) is hung with a tension spring (33); the other end of the tension spring (33) away from the hook is hung with a limiting column (34); the limiting column (34) is fixedly connected to the fixed disk (21); the axial direction of the limiting column (34) is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed column (32); and a plurality of the limiting columns (34) are located outside the fixed column (32) and have gaps between them and the fixed rod (31).
6. The elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer sides of the plurality of ratchets (30) are provided with a same ratchet (22), the ratchet (22) and the ratchet (30) are adapted to each other, the outer arc wall of the ratchet (22) is fixedly connected with an outer toothed ring (23), the ratchet (22) and the outer toothed ring (23) are both rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the fixed frame away from the roller (20), the bottom of the outer toothed ring (23) is meshed with a horizontal rack rod (24), and the rack rod (24) is arranged toward the guide rail (12).
7. An elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the rack rod (24) close to the guide rail (12) passes through the fixed frame and is fixedly connected to the end of the rack rod (24) close to the guide rail (12) with a vertical friction plate (25). A side wall of the friction plate (25) close to the guide rail (12) is paved with a material that increases friction. The end of the fixed column (32) away from the fixed disk (21) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the fixed frame away from the roller (20).
8. The elevator abnormality detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (15) is slidably connected between the two guide rails (13), and a plurality of cables (14) are fixedly connected at the center of the top of the car (11) and the counterweight (15). Two of the cables (14) located on the same straight line at the top of the car (11) and the counterweight (15) are fixedly connected at their ends close to each other.