Tanning sludge thermal co-production direct incineration treatment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tannery sludge thermotechnical co-production direct incineration treatment system which comprises an incinerator, a feeding machine is arranged on the side wall of the incinerator and conveys tannery sludge with the water content of 45%-65% into the incinerator, the incinerator is sequentially connected with a high-temperature dust remover, a high-temperature air preheater, a waste heat boiler and a low-temperature air preheater, and the low-temperature air preheater is connected with the high-temperature dust remover. The low-temperature air preheater is connected with the induced draft fan through the multi-stage flue gas treatment system; the input end of the boiler feed pump is sequentially connected with the deaerator water tank and the steam turbine through pipelines, the output end of the boiler feed pump is connected with the waste heat boiler drum, the waste heat boiler drum is connected with the steam turbine through a pipeline, and the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the motor and the induced draft fan. The primary fan is connected with a primary air pipeline, the secondary fan is connected with a secondary air pipeline, the primary air pipeline and the secondary air pipeline are respectively and sequentially preheated by the low-temperature air preheater and the high-temperature air preheater, primary air enters the air chamber, and secondary air enters the incinerator. The method has the advantages of reasonable design, energy conservation, environmental protection, good economic benefit and the like.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of leather sludge treatment, in particular to a thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system for leather sludge. Background technology:

[0002] According to statistics, processing one ton of raw hides produces approximately 150 kg of sludge. Tanning sludge is complex, containing organic pollutants such as protein and oil, as well as mineral contaminants such as chromium compounds, sulfides, large amounts of calcium and sodium chlorides and sulfates, and small amounts of heavy metal salts. Furthermore, the moisture content of tanning sludge is 90% to 98%, while the moisture content of dehydrated sludge is 45% to 65%. This makes it highly unstable, prone to decay, emits a foul odor, and can provide a breeding ground for dangerous pathogens and parasite eggs, making it a serious source of pollution.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for treating leather sludge include traditional methods such as drying and incineration, landfilling, and burial. While these methods have played a role in waste treatment, they also have numerous shortcomings. For example, the drying and incineration of leather sludge produces a large amount of harmful VOCs and wastewater during the drying process. The organic compounds and heavy metals contained in these wastewater are released into the atmosphere and aquatic environments through the exhaust gas and wastewater, posing significant risks to the surrounding environment and human health. Furthermore, landfilling and burial of leather sludge consume significant land resources and are prone to the leakage and spread of harmful substances. These harmful substances can be transported through groundwater and the atmosphere, posing a potential pollution risk to the surrounding environment. Furthermore, using sludge incineration flue gas to directly or indirectly dry leather sludge and then incinerate it, due to the high calorific value of leather sludge and the high exhaust temperature of the rotary entrained bed dryer, not only wastes a large amount of heat but also introduces certain difficulties in subsequent flue gas purification. Given these shortcomings of existing leather sludge treatment solutions, it is necessary to optimize and improve existing sludge treatment technologies.

[0004] It should be noted that the above content falls within the technical knowledge of the inventor and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a tanning sludge thermal cogeneration direct incineration treatment system, which has the advantages of reasonable design, energy saving and environmental protection, and good economic benefits.

[0006] The utility model achieves the above-mentioned purpose by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tanning sludge thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system, comprising:

[0008] An incinerator, wherein a feeder is provided on the side wall of the incinerator, and the feeder transports tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% to the incinerator for incineration; a wind chamber is provided at the lower end of the incinerator, and the upper end is connected to a high-temperature dust collector through an upper flue; the upper end of the high-temperature dust collector is connected to a high-temperature air preheater through an outlet flue; the high-temperature air preheater is connected to a waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is connected to a low-temperature air preheater; the low-temperature air preheater is connected to an induced draft fan through a multi-stage flue gas treatment system; and the induced draft fan is connected to a chimney;

[0009] A boiler feed water pump, wherein the input end of the boiler feed water pump is connected to the deaerator water tank and the steam turbine in sequence through pipelines, and the output end is connected to the waste heat boiler drum, the waste heat boiler drum is connected to the steam turbine through pipelines, the steam turbine is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the motor is connected to the induced draft fan;

[0010] A primary fan, wherein the primary fan is connected to a primary air duct, and the primary air duct passes through a low-temperature air preheater and a high-temperature air preheater in sequence and enters the air chamber;

[0011] The secondary fan is connected to a secondary air duct, which passes through a low-temperature air preheater and a high-temperature air preheater in sequence and is connected to a secondary air ring pipe arranged on the side wall of the incinerator. The secondary air ring pipe delivers the secondary air into the incinerator.

[0012] A plurality of secondary air ring tubes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the middle of the side wall of the incinerator.

[0013] The upper end of the high-temperature dust collector adopts a double-spherical top design.

[0014] The multi-stage flue gas treatment system includes an electric bag composite dust collector, a desulfurization and acid removal system, a dehumidification system and an activated carbon adsorption system which are connected in sequence.

[0015] The utility model adopts the above structure, which can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% after filtration is transported to the incinerator for incineration. The incineration temperature can reach 850℃ to 950℃, which can kill bacteria and harmful substances and reduce the generation of VOCs gas; (2) The flue gas inlet of the high-temperature dust collector adopts a tangential entry method. The high-temperature dust collector adopts a double-spherical dome structure, which reduces the investment in cyclones and steel frames, improves the separation efficiency of smoke and dust, and ensures long-term operation of the equipment; (3) High-temperature air preheaters and low-temperature air preheaters are added at the front and rear ends of the waste heat boiler to The wind and secondary air are heated to 120℃~550℃ by the high temperature flue gas from the incineration of tanning sludge. Without adding any fuel, the temperature of the tanning sludge incinerator is maintained at 850℃~950℃. The sludge with a moisture content of more than 45% can be directly incinerated, thus reducing the incineration and operation cost of the tanning sludge. (4) The tanning sludge incinerator is equipped with a waste heat boiler for power generation. The incineration system induced draft fan is driven and generated electricity in a thermal cogeneration mode, thereby improving the thermal efficiency, converting the tanning sludge into clean energy electricity, and reducing the treatment cost of the tanning sludge. Description of the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system for tanning sludge of the utility model;

[0018] In the figure, 1. Incinerator, 2. Feeder, 3. Wind chamber, 4. Upper flue, 5. High-temperature dust collector, 6. Outlet flue, 7. High-temperature air preheater, 8. Waste heat boiler, 9. Low-temperature air preheater, 10. Induced draft fan, 11. Chimney, 12. Boiler feed water pump, 13. Deaerator water tank, 14. Steam turbine, 15. Waste heat boiler drum, 16. Coupling, 17. Motor, 18. Primary fan, 19. Primary air duct, 20. Secondary fan, 21. Secondary air duct, 22. Secondary air ring duct, 23. Double dome, 24. Electric bag composite dust collector, 25. Desulfurization, deacidification and dehumidification system, 26. Activated carbon adsorption system. Specific implementation method:

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description is given below in an exemplary manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms “upper end”, “lower end”, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the position of the indicated technical features.

[0023] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "provided with," "arranged," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integrated connections; mechanical connections; direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a tanning sludge thermal cogeneration direct incineration treatment system includes:

[0025] Incinerator 1, a feeder 2 is provided on the side wall of the incinerator 1, and the feeder 2 transports the tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% to the incinerator 1 for incineration. It should be noted that the moisture content of the untreated tanning sludge is 90% to 98%, so it is necessary to use the existing technology to first dehydrate it to make its moisture content reach 45% to 65%, and then incinerate it. The lower end of the incinerator 1 is provided with a wind chamber 3, and the upper end is connected to the high-temperature dust collector 5 through the upper flue 4. The upper end of the high-temperature dust collector 5 is connected to the high-temperature air preheater 7 through the outlet flue 6. The high-temperature air preheater 7 is connected to the waste heat The waste heat boiler 8 is connected to the low-temperature air preheater 9, and the low-temperature air preheater 9 is connected to the induced draft fan 10 through a multi-stage flue gas treatment system. The induced draft fan 10 is connected to a chimney 11. The existing technology requires that the tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% be dried first, and the moisture content of the tanning sludge is reduced to 25% to 35% after drying before it is incinerated. However, due to the characteristics of the tanning sludge, a large amount of VOCs gas will be generated during the drying process, polluting the environment. The present technical solution does not require a drying process, so it can effectively reduce the generation of VOCs gas and reduce pollution. In addition, in actual application, the boiling section height of the tanning sludge incinerator 1 is raised from the original 1 meter to 2 meters to 2 meters to 4 meters, so that the tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% will continue to evaporate water during the descent of the boiling section, making it easier to burn at the bottom of the boiling section.

[0026] A boiler feed water pump 12, the input end of which is connected to the deaerator water tank 13 and the steam turbine 14 in sequence through a pipeline, and the output end is connected to the waste heat boiler drum 15, the waste heat boiler drum 15 is connected to the steam turbine 14 through a pipeline, the steam turbine 14 is connected to the motor 17 through a coupling 16, and the motor 17 is connected to the induced draft fan 10; the tannery sludge incinerator 1 is equipped with a waste heat boiler 8 to generate electricity, and adopts a thermal cogeneration method to drive the incineration system induced draft fan 10 and generate electricity, thereby improving thermal efficiency, converting tannery sludge into clean energy electricity, and reducing the treatment cost of tannery sludge.

[0027] A primary air fan 18 is connected to a primary air duct 19, which passes through a low-temperature air preheater 9 and a high-temperature air preheater 7 in sequence and enters the air chamber 3;

[0028] The secondary air fan 20 is connected to a secondary air duct 21. The secondary air duct 21 passes through the low-temperature air preheater 9 and the high-temperature air preheater 7 in sequence and is connected to a secondary air ring duct 22 provided on the side wall of the incinerator 2. The secondary air ring duct 22 delivers the secondary air into the incinerator 2. The high-temperature air preheater 7 and the low-temperature air preheater 9 are designed at the front and rear ends of the waste heat boiler 8. The primary air and the secondary air are heat-exchanged to 120°C to 550°C through the high-temperature flue gas from the incineration of the tanning sludge. Without adding any fuel, the tanning sludge incinerator maintains a temperature of 850°C to 950°C during operation. Sludge with a moisture content of more than 45% can be directly incinerated, reducing the operating cost of the incineration of the tanning sludge. If the air entering the incinerator 1 is not preheated or is only preheated by the low-temperature air preheater 9, auxiliary fuel needs to be added to increase the temperature of the incinerator 1 to 850°C to 950°C when incinerating sludge with a moisture content greater than 45%.

[0029] A plurality of secondary air ring ducts 22 are provided at intervals from top to bottom in the middle of the side wall of the incinerator 2. The secondary air ring duct 22 mainly surrounds the side wall of the incinerator 1. A plurality of air outlets are evenly spaced on the secondary air ring duct 22 and communicate with the interior of the incinerator 1 to uniformly deliver preheated air into the incinerator 1. Preferably, the air outlet is designed to be tangentially discharged to achieve a low-nitrogen combustion method with graded air supply and step-by-step combustion, and the high-temperature flue gas spirally rises.

[0030] The upper end of the high-temperature dust collector 5 adopts a double-spherical top 23 design. The high-temperature dust collector 5 adopts a double-spherical top 23 structural design, which improves the dust removal efficiency of the high-temperature dust collector 5, saves investment in the cyclone and the cyclone supporting steel frame, and reduces the maintenance workload of the cyclone replacement in the future.

[0031] The multi-stage flue gas treatment system includes a sequentially connected electric bag composite dust collector 24, a desulfurization and deacidification system 25, a dehumidification system 25, and an activated carbon adsorption system 26. These systems are currently available and can be directly purchased. The electric bag composite dust collector 24 removes dust from the flue gas, the desulfurization and deacidification system 25 removes acidic gases from the flue gas, and the activated carbon adsorption system 26 purifies the flue gas to meet the maximum flue gas emission standards.

[0032] The workflow of the tanning sludge thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system in this application is as follows:

[0033] (1) Tannery sludge incineration flue gas process:

[0034] The tanning sludge incinerator 1 is started by igniting the charcoal bed or the oil under the bed. After filter pressing and dehydration, the tanning sludge with a water content of 45% to 65% is fed from the upper part of the boiling section to the boiling section of the incinerator 1 through a feeder 2 (usually a screw feeder). The tanning sludge with a water content of 45% to 65% contacts the high-temperature flue gas in the downward process of the boiling section, and the water content of the sludge is continuously evaporated. At the bottom of the boiling section, it is mixed with the primary air (preheated air) with a temperature of 150 to 550°C from the high-temperature air preheater 7 and burned. The combustion temperature reaches 850 to 950°C. The flue gas is mixed with the tangential air supply through two secondary air ring pipes 22 during the upward process, and the graded air supply is adopted. , a low-nitrogen combustion method of step-by-step combustion, the high-temperature flue gas spirally rises, enters the high-temperature dust collector 5 through the upper flue 4 tangent for dust removal, and the high-temperature flue gas after dust removal enters the high-temperature air preheater 7 for heat exchange and then enters the waste heat boiler 8 to generate superheated steam to drive the turbine 14 of the induced draft fan 10, and the flue gas then enters the low-temperature air preheater 9 to heat the air. The flue gas coming out of the low-temperature air preheater 9 (temperature 135℃~150℃) enters the electric bag composite dust collector 24 for dust removal, and the flue gas after dust removal enters the desulfurization, deacidification and dehumidification system 25 to remove the acidic gas in the flue gas, and then enters the activated carbon adsorption system 26. The purified flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the induced draft fan 10 and the chimney 11.

[0035] (2) Ash process:

[0036] The lower part of the tannery sludge incinerator 1 is provided with a slag discharge pipe, through which a small amount of slag produced in the incinerator is discharged, and most of the ash is collected in the waste heat boiler 8 and the electric bag composite dust collector 24, and transported to the ash storage by pneumatic ash conveying, and then sent to the cement plant or building materials factory by special vehicles for recycling as building material raw materials.

[0037] (3) Soft drink process:

[0038] Desalted water from the desalted water station is deoxygenated and heated to 104°C in the low-pressure deaerator water tank 13. It is then pressurized by the boiler feedwater pump 12 and delivered to the economizer inlet of the waste heat boiler 8. After further heating in the economizer, it enters the waste heat boiler steam drum 15. Inside the drum, water is introduced into the downcomer from the bottom and then into the waste heat boiler 8. It undergoes heat exchange with the flue gas, evaporating to form a steam-water mixture that rises to the top of the drum. The steam-water mixture in the drum passes through the steam-water separator, where the water flows back into the downcomer, while the steam is drawn from the top of the drum and fed into the superheater. Saturated steam is continuously heated in the superheater to 350°C to 450°C before being delivered to the steam turbine 14 that drives the induced draft fan 10.

[0039] (4) Combined heat and power generation

[0040] Superheated steam goes to steam turbine 14 to drive the load of induced draft fan 10. The induced draft fan 10 of the incineration system has chimney 11 at one end and steam turbine 14 at the other, with motor 17 in between. Turbine 14 and motor 17, and motor 17 and induced draft fan 10, are connected via couplings. When the incineration system starts up, there's no steam, and motor 17 drives the induced draft fan 10. As steam generated by the waste heat boiler (HRSB) gradually increases, both turbine 14 and motor 17 operate simultaneously to drive the induced draft fan 10. As the load of the HRSB continues to increase, steam generation fully meets the induced draft load, and motor 17 is deactivated, allowing turbine 14 to fully drive the induced draft fan 10. As the load of the HRSB continues to increase, in addition to the steam turbine 14 fully driving the induced draft fan 10, excess steam from turbine 14 generates electricity and sends it to the internal network for use by other loads.

[0041] Taking the daily processing of 200 tons of tannery sludge with a moisture content of 55% and a low calorific value of 1000 kcal / kg as an example, during the incineration process of the tannery sludge, without adding any auxiliary fuel, about 6.5 tons of superheated steam of 1.27 MPa are produced per hour. The steam turbine 14 generates 1100 kW of electricity per hour, which not only drives the induced draft fan 10 but also is supplied to the enterprise's internal power grid for use in the blower, water pump and other systems of the incineration system, thereby achieving good economic benefits.

[0042] The above specific implementation manner cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any replacement, improvement or transformation made to the implementation manner of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Any matters not described in detail in the present invention are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tanning sludge thermal cogeneration direct incineration treatment system, characterized in that: include: An incinerator, wherein a feeder is provided on the side wall of the incinerator, and the feeder transports tanning sludge with a moisture content of 45% to 65% to the incinerator for incineration; a wind chamber is provided at the lower end of the incinerator, and the upper end is connected to a high-temperature dust collector through an upper flue; the upper end of the high-temperature dust collector is connected to a high-temperature air preheater through an outlet flue; the high-temperature air preheater is connected to a waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is connected to a low-temperature air preheater; the low-temperature air preheater is connected to an induced draft fan through a multi-stage flue gas treatment system; and the induced draft fan is connected to a chimney; A boiler feed water pump, wherein the input end of the boiler feed water pump is connected to the deaerator water tank and the steam turbine in sequence through pipelines, and the output end is connected to the waste heat boiler drum, the waste heat boiler drum is connected to the steam turbine through pipelines, the steam turbine is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the motor is connected to the induced draft fan; A primary fan, wherein the primary fan is connected to a primary air duct, and the primary air duct passes through a low-temperature air preheater and a high-temperature air preheater in sequence and enters the air chamber; The secondary fan is connected to a secondary air duct, which passes through a low-temperature air preheater and a high-temperature air preheater in sequence and is connected to a secondary air ring pipe arranged on the side wall of the incinerator. The secondary air ring pipe delivers the secondary air into the incinerator.

2. The tanning sludge thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of secondary air ring tubes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the middle of the side wall of the incinerator.

3. The tanning sludge thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper end of the high-temperature dust collector adopts a double-spherical top design.

4. The tanning sludge thermal cogeneration and direct incineration treatment system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The multi-stage flue gas treatment system includes an electric bag composite dust collector, a desulfurization and acid removal system, a dehumidification system and an activated carbon adsorption system which are connected in sequence.

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