Railway electric power grounding monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway electric power grounding monitoring system, which comprises a power distribution and monitoring unit, a lightning protection and monitoring unit, a grounding resistance monitoring unit, a cable joint monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, a lighting unit and a man-machine interaction unit, the power distribution and monitoring unit, the lightning protection and monitoring unit, the cable joint monitoring unit and the image acquisition unit are all connected with the man-machine interaction unit; the image acquisition unit is linked with the illumination unit; the man-machine interaction device is also connected with the dynamic environment monitoring unit. The cable joint monitoring unit comprises a temperature acquisition module which monitors the temperature of the cable joint in real time, discovers temperature abnormity in time, and can effectively avoid the occurrence of joint faults. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the system can monitor the operation state, the power distribution condition and the like of the managed equipment, achieves the integration and high fusion of power distribution, lightning protection, grounding and cable joint monitoring, greatly reduces the consumption of manpower and material resources, and improves the monitoring efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of railway power monitoring, in particular to a railway power grounding monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Railway power system loads are distributed along the long and narrow length of the railway line. The main users include signal lights, railway equipment buildings, communication buildings, information buildings, traction substations, and other automatic devices along the line, requiring extremely high power supply reliability. Railway power systems supply long lines, typically 40 to 60 kilometers, and complex terrain and weather conditions make faults common. Fault identification and repair are difficult due to factors such as natural conditions.

[0003] Traction power supply system power lines use extensive cables as energy transmission carriers to power locomotives when passing through tunnels and within traction substations. Cable joints are crucial accessories in cable lines. With the increasing demand for cable applications, various types of cable joints have become complex in structure. During installation, improper crimping processes can lead to excessive contact resistance, or improper handling can lead to the presence of impurities. High currents flowing through the joints can easily cause abnormal local temperature rises in the joints. When the temperature exceeds the allowable insulation temperature of the joints, failures can occur. A cable joint failure can impact the normal operation of the cable line at best, or even cause widespread power outages or even fires at worst. Therefore, the reliability of the cable impacts the safe operation of the power supply system.

[0004] Railway equipment stations and traction substations are numerous, widely distributed, and difficult to operate and maintain. Monitoring of information such as power usage, circuit breaker status, surge protector and grounding device working status, and cable connector status in railway equipment stations and substations requires on-site inspection and maintenance, resulting in significant waste of manpower and material resources and low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a railway power grounding monitoring system, which aims to solve the problem that the existing railway power field requires personnel to go to the site for inspection and maintenance, resulting in great consumption of manpower and material resources and low efficiency in information monitoring such as the power usage of railway equipment stations and substations, the status of circuit breakers in distribution lines, the working status of surge protectors and grounding equipment, and the status of cable connectors.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a railway power grounding monitoring system, characterized in that it includes a cabinet and functional units, wherein the functional units are arranged in the cabinet, and the functional units include a power distribution and monitoring unit, a lightning protection and monitoring unit, a ground resistance monitoring unit, a cable joint monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, a lighting unit, and a human-computer interaction unit, wherein the power distribution and monitoring unit, the lightning protection and monitoring unit, the ground resistance monitoring unit, the cable joint monitoring unit, and the image acquisition unit are all connected to the human-computer interaction unit;

[0007] The image acquisition unit is linked to the lighting unit; the human-computer interaction unit is also connected to the dynamic environment monitoring unit;

[0008] The cable joint monitoring unit includes a temperature acquisition module, which monitors the temperature of the cable joint in real time, detects temperature anomalies in time, and effectively avoids the occurrence of joint failures.

[0009] Preferably, the cable joint monitoring unit further includes a microprocessor, a communication module, and a power supply module. The temperature acquisition module and the communication module are both connected to the microprocessor. The power supply module and the temperature sensor, and the communication module are both connected to the microprocessor.

[0010] Preferably, the microprocessor includes a main control chip, and the main control chip adopts STM32L431RCT6.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature acquisition module adopts a temperature and humidity sensor HDC1080, and the temperature acquisition module communicates with the microprocessor using a two-wire I2C communication method.

[0012] Preferably, the microprocessor further includes a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, and both the crystal oscillator circuit and the reset circuit are connected to the main control chip.

[0013] Preferably, the crystal oscillator circuit includes two crystal oscillators, namely an 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator and a 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator. The 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator provides a high-speed external clock signal for the chip, and the 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator provides a low-speed clock signal.

[0014] Preferably, the reset circuit includes a reset button, and the reset button is connected to the NRST pin of the main control chip.

[0015] When an exception occurs in the program, the system can be restored to its initial state to protect the normal operation of the chip. This article adopts a low-level reset method. After the reset button is pressed, the NRST pin is low and the chip is reset.

[0016] Preferably, the communication module includes a wired communication interface and / or a wireless communication interface;

[0017] The wired communication interface includes a combination of one or more of bus, RS485, RS232, CAN, power carrier, and Ethernet;

[0018] The wireless communication interface includes a combination of one or more of Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and NB-IoT.

[0019] Preferably, the power supply module includes a connecting power supply, a power supply voltage conversion circuit and a power management circuit.

[0020] Preferably, the power supply voltage conversion circuit core includes a MAX17224 chip, and the power management circuit includes a connection power supply circuit and a management circuit.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] (1) Through the cable joint monitoring module, the cable joint temperature can be monitored in real time, eliminating the hidden danger of cable fire, effectively preventing and reducing sudden cable accidents, and providing technical support for the safe and reliable operation of railway crossing cables; further improving the safety of railway operations.

[0023] (2) The system can monitor the operating status and power distribution status of the equipment under its jurisdiction, and realize the integration and high degree of integration of power distribution, lightning protection, grounding, and cable joint monitoring, greatly reducing the consumption of manpower and material resources and providing low monitoring efficiency.

[0024] (3) The overall intelligent capability of the system is improved, and through interactive linkage and regulation, the operational reliability of the system is improved, the waste of resources and space caused by repeated investment in multiple systems is reduced, and the conflicts caused by cross-operation during the installation and debugging of multiple systems are avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a railway power grounding monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a cable joint monitoring unit in a railway power grounding monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The present invention relates to a circuit diagram of a microprocessor of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a temperature acquisition module of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention relates to a circuit diagram of a communication module of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system.

[0030] Figure 6 The embodiment of the present invention relates to a circuit diagram of a power supply voltage conversion circuit of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system.

[0031] Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention relates to a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit of a power management module of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system.

[0032] Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention relates to a circuit diagram of a management circuit of a power management module of a cable joint monitoring unit of a railway power grounding monitoring system.

[0033] In the attached figure, 1. Power distribution and monitoring unit, 2. Lightning protection and monitoring unit, 3. Ground resistance monitoring unit, 4. Cable joint monitoring unit, 5. Image acquisition unit, 6. Lighting unit, 7. Human-computer interaction unit, 8. Uninterruptible power supply, 9. Dynamic environment monitoring unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The railway power grounding monitoring system includes a cabinet and functional units. The functional units are arranged in the cabinet. The functional units include a power distribution and monitoring unit, a lightning protection and monitoring unit, a ground resistance monitoring unit, a cable joint monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, a lighting unit, and a human-computer interaction unit. The power distribution and monitoring unit, the lightning protection and monitoring unit, the cable joint monitoring unit, and the image acquisition unit are all connected to the human-computer interaction unit.

[0036] This application realizes the integration and high degree of fusion of power distribution, lightning protection, grounding and cable joint monitoring.

[0037] The image acquisition unit and the lighting unit are linked; the lighting equipment is linked to the image acquisition unit, and the lighting equipment includes at least one lighting lamp; a micro switch can be set, and the lighting equipment is linked to the micro switch. When the box door or cabinet door is opened, the lighting equipment in the system can be automatically turned on, which is convenient for checking the status of the system equipment.

[0038] The image acquisition unit includes at least one camera, which is a miniature camera. The lighting equipment and the camera are linked to improve the clarity of the image taken by the equipment. The camera collects the switch status position, the status of the power distribution and monitoring unit, the status of the lightning protection and monitoring equipment, the status of the grounding resistance monitoring unit, the appearance of the main components in the cabinet and the position of the cable joints and transmits them to the human-computer interaction unit. The industrial computer of the human-computer interaction unit recognizes the switch status position, the status of the lightning protection and monitoring unit, the status of the grounding resistance monitoring unit, the appearance of the main components in the cabinet and the position of the cable joints. The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the background system to realize the function of remotely viewing the status of the equipment in the cabinet.

[0039] The system also includes a UPS uninterruptible power supply to provide uninterruptible power supply to the power electronic equipment in the system.

[0040] The human-computer interaction unit is also connected to the dynamic environment monitoring unit; the dynamic environment monitoring unit includes an air conditioning monitoring data acquisition terminal, a UPS monitoring data acquisition terminal, a temperature and humidity monitoring data acquisition terminal, a water immersion monitoring data acquisition terminal, an illegal intrusion monitoring data acquisition terminal, and an access control monitoring data acquisition terminal. It can collect online environmental data of smart air conditioning, UPS, access control, temperature and humidity, smoke detection, water immersion, and illegal intrusion and transmit them to the industrial computer of the human-computer interaction unit for display. It can control the air conditioning, fan and lighting according to usage and management needs.

[0041] The cable joint monitoring unit includes a temperature acquisition module, which monitors the cable joint temperature in real time and promptly detects temperature anomalies, effectively avoiding joint failures.

[0042] The cable joint monitoring unit also includes a microprocessor, a communication module, and a power supply module. The temperature acquisition module and the communication module are all connected to the microprocessor. The power supply module and the temperature sensor and the communication module are all connected to the microprocessor.

[0043] The microprocessor includes a main control chip, which uses the STM32L431RCT6. The temperature acquisition module uses the temperature and humidity sensor HDC1080, and the temperature acquisition module communicates with the microprocessor using a two-wire I2C communication method.

[0044] The STM32L431RCT6 chip, packaged in an LQFP64 format, features 64KB of RAM, 256KB of program memory, 52 general-purpose I / O ports, and supports communication interfaces such as UART, I2C, and SPI. The chip operates at a maximum frequency of 80MHz, consumes 84μA / MHz, and supports low-power modes such as sleep, standby, and low-power operation, providing strong computing power while maintaining ultra-low power consumption. It supports a supply voltage range of 1.71V-3.6V, offering strong environmental adaptability. The chip boasts a rich set of on-chip resources and peripheral interfaces, as well as low power consumption.

[0045] The HDC1080 temperature and humidity sensor chip delivers exceptional measurement accuracy with ultra-low power consumption, achieving a temperature accuracy of ±0.2°C and a humidity accuracy of ±2%. It consumes 1.3μA operating current at 1sps and 100nA in sleep mode, ensuring exceptionally low power consumption. It integrates an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and outputs digital signals via an I2C interface.

[0046] The temperature and humidity sensor is powered by a 3.3V power supply. The chip is directly connected to the corresponding pins of the main control chip through the SDA and SCL pins, and each is connected to a 4.7K pull-up resistor to keep the pin at a high level.

[0047] The microprocessor also includes a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, both of which are connected to the main control chip.

[0048] The crystal oscillator circuit includes two crystal oscillators, namely 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator and 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator. The 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator provides a high-speed external clock signal for the chip, and the 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator provides a low-speed clock signal.

[0049] The reset circuit includes a reset button, which is connected to the NRST pin of the main control chip.

[0050] The crystal oscillator circuit provides a precise clock signal to drive the main control chip. It consists of two crystal oscillators: an 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator, which provides a more accurate high-speed external clock signal for the chip, and a 32.768kHz low-frequency crystal oscillator, which provides a low-speed clock signal as the clock source for the RTC circuit. Both crystal oscillator circuits are connected in parallel with capacitors. The reset circuit restores the system to its initial state when a program exception occurs, protecting the chip. This implementation uses a low-level reset method. Pressing the reset button sets the NRST pin to a low level, resetting the chip. The main control chip uses a 3.3V power supply. A filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the main control chip's power pin to filter out interference signals and ensure stable power supply.

[0051] The communication module includes a wired communication interface and / or a wireless communication interface;

[0052] The wired communication interface includes a combination of one or more of bus, RS485, RS232, CAN, power carrier, and Ethernet;

[0053] The wired communication interface RS485 uses the ADM2582E chip, which allows up to 256 transceiver nodes to access the bus, has an isolation voltage of 2500V, and provides ±15kV ESD protection on the input / output pins and high common-mode transient suppression capability.

[0054] The wireless communication interface includes one or more combinations of Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and NB-IoT.

[0055] The wireless communication interface uses NB-IoT, specifically the BC26 communication module. NB-IoT can reach over 10 km, meeting the needs of long-distance data transmission. Its low power consumption ensures long battery-powered operation. It uses an LCC surface-mount package with 58 pins and dimensions of 17.7mm × 15.8mm × 2mm, meeting the compact size requirements of terminal devices. The operating voltage range is 2.1V-3.63V, with a typical value of 3.3V, supporting a wide voltage range.

[0056] The BC26 uses a 3.3V power supply. To ensure power supply performance, a bipolar TVS diode is connected in parallel near the chip's power input for electrostatic protection, and a filter capacitor is connected in parallel to filter out interference noise. The NB_UART_RXD and NB_UART_TXD pins are connected to the main control chip, communicating with the main control chip via the UART serial port. Because the BC26's I / O port supports a low voltage level of 1.8V, a 4-bit bidirectional voltage level converter TXB0104 is added between the BC26 and the main control chip to complete the 3.3V to 1.8V conversion.

[0057] level conversion.

[0058] The power supply module includes a connected power supply, a power supply voltage conversion circuit and a power management circuit.

[0059] The cable joint temperature monitoring unit should have a long and stable operating time, so the power supply for the cable joint temperature monitoring is reliable. The power supply is a lithium-ion battery with a nominal voltage of 3.6V and a capacity of 19Ah.

[0060] The power supply voltage conversion circuit core includes the MAX17224 chip.

[0061] The modules of the cable connector temperature monitoring unit operate at 3.3V, requiring voltage conversion. The MAX17224, an ultra-low quiescent current DC-DC converter, was selected as the power supply voltage conversion chip. The peripheral circuit is shown in Figure 4-7. The MAX17224 features a wide input voltage range of 400mV to 5.5V, 95% peak efficiency, and an ultra-low quiescent current of 0.3μA. In shutdown mode, the input and output can be disconnected, ensuring low power consumption. The MAX17224 uses a unique single-resistor output selection method to determine the output voltage. Connecting a single resistor of varying resistance to the Set pin allows for output voltages ranging from 1.8V to 5V. The selected resistor value is 80.6kΩ.

[0062] The power management circuit includes a connection power supply circuit and a management circuit.

[0063] The power management circuit connects a bipolar TVS diode in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply to prevent transient overvoltages from damaging the circuit. The power management circuit is designed using transistors and PMOS transistors. Q1 is a PMOS transistor, Q2 is a transistor, and resistor R4 provides bias voltage to keep the transistors on. The transistor bases are connected to the PB4 pin of the main control chip, and the PMOS drains are connected to the PC2 pin of the main control chip. The circuit operates in two states: 1) Power state: When the transistor base is high, the transistor conducts. At this time, the PMOS gate is low, the PMOS conducts, and the power supply is normal. 2) Sleep state: When the transistor base is low, the transistor is off. At this time, the PMOS gate is high, the PMOS turns off, and the power supply stops, putting the circuit into sleep state. The power management circuit switches between power and sleep states via the output level of the main control chip's PB4 pin, which sets the data acquisition frequency. Low power consumption is achieved through the proper configuration of the power management circuit's operating states.

[0064] The cable joint monitoring unit (CJMU) consists of an STM32L431RCT6 main control chip, a BC26 communication module, an HDC1080 temperature and humidity sensor, and a lithium-ion battery pack. The lithium-ion battery pack utilizes a power management circuit to ensure low-power operation. Specifically, the temperature sensor measures cable joint temperature data in real time and transmits it to the main control chip. The main control chip, the core control unit, utilizes a high-performance STM32L431RCT6 microprocessor. The main control chip further packages and processes the temperature data and coordinates the operation of the CJMU's various modules. The communication module relays metadata between the CJMU and the human-machine interface segment, while the power supply module provides energy for the CJMU's normal operation.

[0065] The human-machine interaction unit is also connected to the video monitoring and inspection device, which includes a fixed high-definition camera and an intelligent inspection video robot;

[0066] Through the cooperation of image acquisition units and video monitoring and inspection devices, the switch status position of cabinets (boxes) in railway equipment, communication and information rooms, the status of power distribution and monitoring units, the status of lightning protection and monitoring equipment, the status of grounding resistance monitoring units, the appearance of major components in the cabinets and the position of cable connectors, and the dynamic environment status of railway equipment, communication and information rooms can be collected and identified. The human-computer interaction unit is connected to the background system and automatically moves to the fault location for viewing and image recognition confirmation when an alarm occurs, realizing the function of remotely viewing the status of equipment in the cabinet.

[0067] The power distribution and monitoring equipment includes incoming and outgoing lines, each equipped with a circuit breaker connected to the power distribution monitoring mechanism. The circuit breaker is equipped with a shunt trip device or an electric operating mechanism. This enables remote opening and closing control to ensure safe and reliable power supply.

[0068] Compared with the existing technology, the present application realizes real-time temperature monitoring of cable joints through the cable joint monitoring module, eliminates the hidden dangers of cable fire, can effectively prevent and reduce sudden cable accidents, and provide technical guarantees for the safe and reliable operation of cables at railway crossings; further improves the safety of railway operation; the present application can monitor the operating status and power distribution conditions of the equipment under its jurisdiction, realizes the integration and high integration of power distribution, lightning protection, grounding, and cable joint monitoring, greatly reduces the consumption of manpower and material resources, and provides low monitoring efficiency; the present application improves the overall intelligence capability of the system, and through interactive linkage and regulation, improves the operational reliability of the system, reduces the waste of resources and space caused by repeated investment in multiple systems, and avoids the contradictions caused by cross-operation during the installation and commissioning of multiple systems; the present application ensures the safe operation of the railway power system, greatly reduces the difficulty of inspection and operation and maintenance, and reduces the pressure on railway personnel. Through the dynamic environment monitoring unit, it avoids high temperature and humidity in the environment, reduces the risk of equipment theft, and plays a good management role in railway station buildings.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A railway power grounding monitoring system, characterized in that it comprises a cabinet and functional units, wherein the functional units are disposed within the cabinet and include a power distribution and monitoring unit, a lightning protection and monitoring unit, a ground resistance monitoring unit, a cable joint monitoring unit, an image acquisition unit, a lighting unit, and a human-computer interaction unit, wherein the power distribution and monitoring unit, the lightning protection and monitoring unit, the ground resistance monitoring unit, the cable joint monitoring unit, and the image acquisition unit are all connected to the human-computer interaction unit; The image acquisition unit is linked to the lighting unit; the human-computer interaction unit is also connected to the dynamic environment monitoring unit; The cable joint monitoring unit includes a temperature acquisition module, which monitors the temperature of the cable joint in real time, detects temperature anomalies in time, and effectively avoids the occurrence of joint failures.

2. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable joint monitoring unit also includes a microprocessor, a communication module, and a power supply module. The temperature acquisition module and the communication module are both connected to the microprocessor. The power supply module, the temperature acquisition module, and the communication module are both connected to the microprocessor.

3. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microprocessor includes a main control chip, and the main control chip adopts STM32L431RCT6.

4. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition module uses a temperature and humidity sensor HDC1080, and the temperature acquisition module communicates with the microprocessor using a two-wire I2C communication method.

5. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microprocessor further includes a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit, and both the crystal oscillator circuit and the reset circuit are connected to the main control chip.

6. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crystal oscillator circuit includes two crystal oscillators, namely an 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator and a 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator. The 8MHz high-frequency crystal oscillator provides a high-speed external clock signal for the chip, and the 32.768KHz low-frequency crystal oscillator provides a low-speed clock signal.

7. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reset circuit includes a reset button, and the reset button is connected to the NRST pin of the main control chip.

8. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module includes a wired communication interface and / or a wireless communication interface; The wired communication interface includes a combination of one or more of bus, RS485, RS232, CAN, power carrier, and Ethernet; The wireless communication interface includes one or more combinations of Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and NB-IoT.

9. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a connecting power supply, a power supply voltage conversion circuit and a power management circuit.

10. The railway power grounding monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power supply voltage conversion circuit core includes a MAX17224 chip, and the power management circuit includes a connection power supply circuit and a management circuit.

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