Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna and terminal equipment, and the antenna comprises a first-section radiating body and a second-section radiating body, the first-section radiating body is spiral, and the first radiating body is used for generating a first resonant frequency; the second-section radiator is suspended relative to the first-section radiator, the center of the second-section radiator is located at the upper half part of the first-section radiator, the second-section radiator and the first-section radiator are coupled to form resonance, and the second-section radiator and the first-section radiator resonate to generate a second resonant frequency; wherein the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency. According to the embodiment of the invention, the second section of radiating body and the first section of radiating body are suspended and coupled to form resonance, so that the influence of floor current on the antenna during use can be reduced, the proportion of the upper hemisphere can be improved, and the performance of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of technical antennas, and in particular to an antenna and a terminal device. Background Art

[0002] During GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning, the terminal can only search for satellite signals in the current upper sky. If the efficiency of the GPS antenna's upper hemisphere is low, the antenna's performance will be relatively reduced, which in turn affects the terminal's positioning. Improving the upper hemisphere's efficiency has become a challenge for improving GPS antenna performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides an antenna and a terminal device, aiming to improve the problem that the upper hemisphere of the antenna has a low occupancy rate and affects the antenna performance.

[0004] To achieve the above technical effects, a technical solution adopted in this application is to provide an antenna, comprising:

[0005] A first radiator section, the first radiator section is spiral-shaped, and the first radiator is used to generate a first resonant frequency; and

[0006] The second radiator is suspended relative to the first radiator, the center of the second radiator is located at the upper half of the first radiator, the second radiator is coupled with the first radiator to form resonance, and the second radiator resonates with the first radiator to generate a second resonant frequency;

[0007] The second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency.

[0008] The first resonant frequency is in the UHF band.

[0009] The second resonant frequency is the GPS frequency band.

[0010] The length direction of the second section radiator is parallel to the length direction of the first section radiator.

[0011] The second section radiator is whip-shaped, and the first section radiator is spirally arranged around the periphery of the second section radiator or the second section radiator is suspended outside the first section radiator.

[0012] The second section radiator is cylindrical, and the first section radiator is spirally arranged around the periphery of the second section radiator or the second section radiator is sleeved on the periphery of the first section radiator.

[0013] The first section radiator and the second section radiator respectively have a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, and the first end of the second section radiator is arranged on the same side as the first end of the first section radiator; the distance between the first end of the first section radiator and the second end of the first section radiator is greater than the distance between the first end of the second section radiator and the second end of the second section radiator.

[0014] The distance between the first end of the second section radiator and the second end of the second section radiator is half the wavelength of the second resonant frequency.

[0015] The first section of the radiator is in a constant pitch spiral shape.

[0016] The distance between the center of the second radiator segment and the first end of the first radiator segment is equal to three sevenths of the distance between the first end of the first radiator segment and the second end of the first radiator segment.

[0017] Based on the above antenna, this application also proposes an example of a terminal device, including:

[0018] the subject; and

[0019] Like the antenna in any of the above examples, the antenna is connected to the main body.

[0020] In the example of this application, by using the second radiator and the first radiator to couple in the air to form resonance, the impact of the floor current on the antenna when in use can be reduced, which in turn helps to increase the upper hemisphere share and improve the performance of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of a terminal device in the related technology;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of radiation efficiency / efficiency / S11 (reflection coefficient) in related technologies;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the difference between the upper hemispherical efficiency up and the total efficiency tot of the relevant technology;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a directional map of related technologies;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of another related technology terminal device;

[0027] Figure 6 This is another related technology radiation efficiency / efficiency / S11 schematic diagram;

[0028] Figure 7 It is the difference between the upper hemispheric efficiency up and the total efficiency tot of another related technology;

[0029] Figure 8 is a directional diagram of another related technology;

[0030] Figure 9 1 is a structural diagram of an example of an antenna of a terminal device of the present application, wherein the second radiator is suspended inside the first radiator;

[0031] Figure 10 1 is a structural diagram of another example of an antenna of a terminal device of the present application, wherein the second radiator is suspended outside the first radiator;

[0032] Figure 11 1 is a structural diagram of another example of an antenna of a terminal device of the present application, wherein the second radiator is arranged on the periphery of the first radiator;

[0033] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 a cross-sectional view taken along line 11A-11A;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of S11 in an example of this application;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation efficiency / efficiency / S11 of the antenna of this application;

[0036] Figure 15 is the difference between the upper hemisphere efficiency up and the total efficiency tot of the antenna of the present application;

[0037] Figure 16 is the directional diagram of this application;

[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the current on the radiator in the second section of this application;

[0039] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling current between the second radiator and the first radiator of this application.

[0040] Wherein: 100, main body; 10, antenna; 11, first radiator; 12, second radiator; 20, first plane; 9a, first direction;

[0041] 30, UHF main branch; 40, GPS branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. It should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" in this application should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application.

[0044] In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or illustration." Any embodiment described in this application as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is given to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present application. In the following description, details are listed for the purpose of explanation. It should be understood that one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that the present application can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not elaborated in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary details. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0045] Antennas are primarily based on the principle of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic waves propagate at a specific frequency from a transmitter. The receiver receives these waves and converts them into electrical signals, or vice versa. GPS antennas can be used to search for GPS signals and can be used with intercoms and other devices that require GPS satellite communications.

[0046] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 In some related technologies, the lower ends of the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) main branch 30 and the GPS branch 40 of the antenna are respectively connected to the feeding points of the device, among which the upper end of the GPS branch 40 is approximately located in the middle of the UHF main branch 30, and its upper hemisphere accounts for approximately 20%. GPS is affected by the floor current, resulting in a low upper hemisphere share.

[0047] See also Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In another related technology, the lower end of the UHF main branch 30 of the antenna is connected to the feeding point of the device, and the GPS fine-tuning branch 40 is connected to the end of the UHF main branch 30 away from the feeding point, wherein the 5λ / 4 harmonic resonance of the UHF main mode is moved to the GPS frequency band, and the upper hemisphere accounts for about 34%. Affected by the floor current, the upper hemisphere accounts for a low proportion, and the efficiency of the upper hemisphere is intuitively perceived to be poor.

[0048] This application addresses the problem in related technologies that antennas are affected by floor currents and have a low upper hemisphere share. An antenna that can be used in terminal devices is proposed, which can reduce the problem of low upper hemisphere share caused by GPS being affected by floor currents, thereby improving the efficiency of antenna use.

[0049] The antenna 10 in the example of the present application can be used in a terminal device, which can be a walkie-talkie or other device that requires the use of an antenna for communication.

[0050] See also Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 as well as Figure 12 This application discloses an example of an antenna 10 , including a first radiator 11 and a second radiator 12 .

[0051] The first radiator 11 is spiral-shaped.

[0052] The first section radiator 11 is spiral-shaped, which means that the first section radiator extends generally in a spiral shape in the first direction 9a, and the first direction 9a can be the length direction of the antenna 10. In this example, the spiral structure of the first section radiator 11 can enclose a hollow area. The hollow area inside the spiral structure in the example of the present application can be the inner side of the first section radiator 11, and the area outside the spiral structure can be the outer side of the first section radiator 11. In the example of the present application, the first section radiator 11 can serve as the main branch of the antenna 10. In some examples, the first section radiator 11 is used to generate a first resonant frequency. Optionally, the first resonant frequency can be in the UHF band.

[0053] The second section radiator 12 is suspended relative to the first section radiator 11 .

[0054] The second radiator segment 12 is suspended relative to the first radiator segment 11, meaning that the second radiator segment 12 and the first radiator segment 11 can be electrically isolated and do not directly contact the first radiator segment 11. In some examples, the second radiator segment 12 can serve as a branch of the antenna 10. In some examples, the center of the second radiator segment 12 is located above the first radiator segment 11, and the geometric center of the second radiator segment 12 along the length direction can be located above the first radiator segment 11. In this example, the first radiator segment 11 has an upper portion and a lower portion. When the first radiator segment 11 is installed on a terminal device, the lower portion of the first radiator segment 11 can be used to connect to the terminal device.

[0055] Please refer to Figures 13 to 16 In some examples, the second radiator segment 12 is suspended and coupled with the first radiator segment 11 to form a resonance, and the second radiator segment 12 and the first radiator segment 11 resonate to produce a second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency. In this example, the second radiator segment 12 can serve as a suspended coupled metal branch, which is relatively less affected by the floor current in the radiation pattern, and can help increase the upper hemisphere share and improve the positioning effect of the product. In this example, the second radiator segment 12 can be located on the inside or outside of the first radiator segment 11. Optionally, the second resonant frequency can be a GPS frequency band.

[0056] In some examples, the terminal device may include a main body 100, and the first section radiator 11 can be fixed to the main body 100 by a non-metallic connector, and the first section radiator 11 can be supported by the non-metallic connector so that the first section radiator 11 maintains a preset shape; in some examples, the second section radiator 12 can be connected to the first section radiator 11 or the main body 100 by a non-metallic connector, so that the second section radiator 12 cannot directly make electrical contact with the first section radiator 11, and the second section radiator 12 can be suspended and coupled with the first section radiator 11 to form resonance.

[0057] In some examples, the first radiator section 11 is in a constant-pitch helical shape. In the examples of the present application, the first radiator section 11 can be a coil spring. By providing the second radiator section 12 to be suspended and coupled to the first radiator section 11, there is no need to add branches to the first radiator section 11. On the one hand, this can alleviate the problem of increased difficulty in manufacturing the coil spring due to adding branches to the coil spring. On the other hand, since a spring with a variable pitch is not required, a spring with a constant pitch can be used. This can effectively reduce the difficulty in manufacturing the coil spring, simplify the manufacturing process of the first radiator section 11, and reduce the structural complexity of the antenna 10.

[0058] In some examples, the length of the second radiator segment 12 can be arranged parallel to the length of the first radiator segment 11, and the length of the first radiator segment 11 can be the length of the spiral structure of the first radiator segment 11. In some examples, to increase the upper hemisphere coverage of the antenna 10, the axis of the second radiator segment 12 can be arranged close to or coincide with the axis of the first radiator segment 11, so that the second radiator segment 12 can be suspended and coupled with the first radiator segment 11 to form a dipole-like antenna mode, thereby further reducing the impact of floor currents on the antenna 10 and increasing the upper hemisphere coverage.

[0059] See also Figure 9 In some examples, the second radiator segment 12 is whip-shaped. Optionally, the length of the second radiator segment 12 can extend in a straight line. In some examples, the first radiator segment 11 is spirally arranged around the periphery of the second radiator segment 12. The second radiator segment 12 can be located inside the first radiator segment 11 to reduce the size of the antenna 10 and provide a miniaturized design for the antenna 10.

[0060] See also Figure 10In some examples, the second radiator segment 12 can be suspended outside the first radiator segment 11. Optionally, the second radiator segment 12 can be suspended outside the spiral main branch formed by the first radiator segment 11 using a non-metallic material. In some examples, a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the second radiator segment 12 is defined as a first plane 20. In the projections of the first radiator segment 11 and the second radiator segment 12 along the length direction of the second radiator segment 12 on the first plane 20, the first radiator segment 11 and the second radiator segment 12 are spaced apart from each other. The first plane 20 is a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the second radiator segment 12. Optionally, the axial direction of the first radiator segment 11 can also be perpendicular to the first plane 20. Optionally, the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 are arranged in parallel, and the length direction of the second segment radiator 12 can be the first direction 9a in any of the above examples. When the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 are projected on the first plane 20 along the length direction of the second segment radiator 12, the first plane 20 serves as the projection plane, and the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 are spaced from each other. In the projection plane, the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 do not overlap, so that the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 are staggered with each other, and the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 are electrically isolated from each other.

[0061] In some examples, the second radiator 12 is annular and can be disposed around the periphery of the first radiator 11 , or can be located inside the first radiator 11 .

[0062] See also Figure 11 and Figure 12 In some examples, the second radiator 12 is cylindrical and is disposed around the periphery of the first radiator 11. In this example, the second radiator 12 is suspended outside the first radiator 11, so that the first and second radiators 11 and 12 are coupled in the air to form resonance. In this example, the second radiator 12 can be at least partially hollow and cylindrical, and the first radiator 11 can be located within the hollow region of the second radiator 12.

[0063] In some examples, the first segment radiator 11 and the second segment radiator 12 respectively have a first end and a second end that are relatively set, the first end of the second segment radiator 12 is set on the same side as the first end of the first segment radiator 11, and the second end of the second segment radiator 12 extends toward the second end of the first segment radiator 11.

[0064] The first end and the second end of the first radiator segment 11 may be two ends in the length direction of the first radiator segment 11, and the length of the first radiator segment 11 is defined as L1. The second end of the first radiator segment 11 may be used to connect to a feeding point of the main body 100. Optionally, in this example, the first length of the first radiator segment 11 may be 9 cm.

[0065] In some examples, the distance between the first end and the second end of the second radiator 12 may be half the wavelength of the second resonant frequency.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 16 as well as Figure 17 In some examples, the first radiator 11 is used to generate a first resonant frequency, and the second radiator 12 resonates with the first radiator 11 to generate a second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency is in the GPS frequency band, and the second length is half the wavelength of the second resonant frequency. In this example, the second resonant frequency can be in the GPS band, the first resonant frequency can be in the UHF band, and the length of the second radiator 12 can correspond to its usage scenario. Assuming that the wavelength of the second resonant frequency in the GPS band is λ, as shown in FIG. Figure 17 As shown in FIG, the second radiator 12 may have an in-phase current of λ / 2.

[0067] The first and second ends of the second radiator 12 can be the two ends of the length of the second radiator 12, and the length of the second radiator 12 is defined as L2, where L1 is greater than L2. The first end of the second radiator 12 is located on the same side as the first end of the first radiator 11, and the second end of the second radiator 12 and the second end of the first radiator 11 can extend in the same direction. In this example, the direction from the first end to the second end is assumed to be the first direction 9a, and the length extension direction of the first and second radiators 11 and 12 can be the same. In this example, by controlling the length L2 of the second radiator 12 to be less than the length L1 of the first radiator 11, the volume of the antenna 10 can be controlled, ensuring that the antenna 10 has a good upper hemisphere area while facilitating miniaturization of the antenna 10. Optionally, in this example, the second length of the second radiator 12 can be 4 cm.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 9 as well as Figures 13 to 16 In some examples, the distance between the first end of the second segment radiator 12 and the first end of the first segment radiator 11 is a first distance D1, the distance between the second end of the second segment radiator 12 and the second end of the first segment radiator 11 is a second distance D2, and the first distance is not greater than the second distance.

[0069] In this example, the distance between the first end of the first segment radiator 11 and the first end of the second segment radiator 12 is D1, where D can be no less than 0; the distance between the second end of the first segment radiator 11 and the second end of the second segment radiator 12 is D2, where D1 is no greater than D2. Assuming that the first end of the second segment radiator 12 is its upper end and the second end of the second segment radiator 12 is its lower end, the center of the length direction of the second segment radiator 12 in this example can be set relatively closer to the upper end of the first segment radiator 11, so that the second segment radiator 12 can be suspended relative to the main body 100 to reduce the impact of floor current.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 16 、 Figure 17 as well as Figure 18 In some examples, the distance between the center of the second segment radiator 12 and the first end of the first segment radiator 12 is equal to three sevenths of the distance between the first end of the first segment radiator 12 and the second end of the first segment radiator 11 .

[0071] The center of the length of the second radiator segment 12 is c. From the first end to the second end of the first radiator segment 11, the center c of the second radiator segment 12 is positioned closer to the first end of the first radiator segment 11 than to the second end of the first radiator segment 11. In this example, by positioning the center c of the second radiator segment 12 closer to three-sevenths of the distance from the first end to the second end of the first radiator segment 11, the impact of floor currents on the GPS radiation pattern can be further reduced. This allows for the formation of a self-contained dipole-like radiation pattern with a high upper hemisphere portion, thereby improving GPS performance.

[0072] Please refer again Figures 13 to 18 The second section radiator 12 is suspended and coupled with the first section radiator 11 to form GPS resonance. Figure 13 Mark 1 indicates the UHF frequency band generated by the λ / 4 wavelength of first radiator 11, and mark 4 indicates the GPS resonance generated by the coupling between first radiator 11 and second radiator 12. The upper hemisphere accounts for 51%. Optionally, first radiator 11 spirals around the periphery of second radiator 12, with the axis of first radiator 11 parallel to the axis of second radiator 12, to couple an equivalent dipole. This ensures that the radiation pattern is unaffected by floor currents.

[0073] Please refer again Figures 9 to 12 The present application also proposes an example of a terminal device, which includes a main body 100 and an antenna 10 as in any of the above examples, and the antenna 10 is connected to the main body 100.

[0074] The main body 100 can be a walkie-talkie or other device that requires the antenna 10 structure. In this example, the antenna 10 can be located at a corner of the main body 100. The main body 100 can have a feeding point for cooperating with the antenna 10, and the first radiator 11 of the antenna 10 can be connected to the feeding point of the main body 100.

[0075] It is understandable that the terminal device may also include other functional components, and reference may be made to related technologies.

[0076] The above is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A first radiator, wherein the first radiator is spiral-shaped and is used to generate a first resonant frequency; as well as a second radiator segment, suspended relative to the first radiator segment, the center of the second radiator segment being located at the upper half of the first radiator segment, the second radiator segment being coupled with the first radiator segment to form resonance, and the second radiator segment resonating with the first radiator segment to generate a second resonant frequency; Wherein, the second resonant frequency is greater than the first resonant frequency.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first resonant frequency is a UHF frequency band, and / or the second resonant frequency is a GPS frequency band.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The length direction of the second section radiator is parallel to the length direction of the first section radiator.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The second section radiator is whip-shaped, and the first section radiator is arranged spirally around the periphery of the second section radiator or the second section radiator is suspended outside the first section radiator.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The second section radiator is cylindrical, and the first section radiator is spirally arranged around the periphery of the second section radiator or the second section radiator is sleeved on the periphery of the first section radiator.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The first-segment radiator and the second-segment radiator respectively have a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, and the first end of the second-segment radiator is arranged on the same side as the first end of the first-segment radiator; the distance between the first end of the first-segment radiator and the second end of the first-segment radiator is greater than the distance between the first end of the second-segment radiator and the second end of the second-segment radiator.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein: The distance between the first end of the second-segment radiator and the second end of the second-segment radiator is half a wavelength of the second resonant frequency.

8. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein The distance between the center of the second radiator segment and the first end of the first radiator segment is equal to three sevenths of the distance between the first end of the first radiator segment and the second end of the first radiator segment.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first section radiator is in a constant pitch spiral shape.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: main body; as well as The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antenna is connected to the main body.

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