Electron beam welding tool

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electron beam welding, and discloses an electron beam welding tool. The electron beam welding tool comprises a main body and a clamping mechanism, and the main body can be clamped on a three-jaw chuck and is made of a non-magnetic material, so that a disc-shaped workpiece can be isolated from the three-jaw chuck, and the defect that an annular welding seam is not fused due to electron beam deviation during implementation of an electron beam welding process can be avoided; the clamping mechanism comprises a locking piece and at least one set of clamping pieces, each set of clamping pieces comprises at least three clamping pieces arranged around the central axis of the main body in a surrounding mode, the at least three clamping pieces define a clamping space used for clamping the disc-shaped workpiece, and each clamping piece can slide in the radial direction of the main body so as to adjust the size of the clamping space. The clamping pieces are fixed to the main body through the corresponding locking pieces, when the main body rotates along with a lathe spindle, the electron gun can spray electron beams to form an annular welding seam, and the locking pieces are used for locking the relative positions of the clamping pieces and the main body so as to clamp the disc-shaped workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electron beam welding, in particular to an electron beam welding tool. Background Art

[0002] Electron beam welding (EBW) is a welding technology that uses a high-speed electron beam to melt materials. Its basic principle is that the cathode in the electron gun emits electrons due to direct or indirect heating. These electrons are accelerated by a high-voltage electrostatic field and acquire enormous kinetic energy. These electrons are then focused by an electromagnetic field to form an electron beam with extremely high energy density. When the electron beam strikes the workpiece, the enormous kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, causing the workpiece to rapidly melt at the welding location, forming a molten pool and achieving welding. Electron beam welding offers advantages such as high energy density, fast welding speed, high weld quality, and process repeatability.

[0003] Electron beam welding is often used for thin, disc-shaped workpieces that need to be welded to another part. Conventional technology often uses a three-jaw chuck on a lathe to clamp these disc-shaped workpieces during electron beam welding. However, three-jaw chucks are typically made of ductile iron or alloy steel, which are inherently magnetic. During electron beam welding, this magnetism can deflect the electron beam, resulting in a lack of fusion in the circumferential weld.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose an electron beam welding tool to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an electron beam welding tool to clamp a light and thin disc-shaped workpiece, thereby avoiding the defect of unfused weld on the disc-shaped workpiece due to electron beam deflection when the disc-shaped workpiece is welded using an electron beam welding process.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Provided is an electron beam welding tool, comprising:

[0008] The main body can be clamped on the three-jaw chuck and is made of non-magnetic material;

[0009] The clamping mechanism includes a locking member and at least one group of clamping members, each group of clamping members includes at least three clamping members arranged around the central axis of the main body, and the at least three clamping members are arranged to form a clamping space for clamping a disc-shaped workpiece. Each clamping member can slide along the radial direction of the main body to adjust the size of the clamping space, and each clamping member is fixed to the main body by a corresponding locking member.

[0010] Preferably, a side of the clamping member close to the central axis of the main body is provided with an arc-shaped clamping surface, and the arc-shaped clamping surface can fit with the outer wall of the disc-shaped workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping members of different groups have arc-shaped clamping surfaces with unequal curvatures, and one of the clamping members of one group can be detachably connected to the main body.

[0012] Preferably,

[0013] One of the clamping piece and the main body is provided with a slide rail extending in the radial direction of the main body, and the other is provided with a slider slidably matched with the slide rail.

[0014] Preferably, the slide rail is a T-slot, a trapezoidal slot or a linear rail, and the shape of the slider is adapted to the shape of the slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, each clamping member is provided with a first plug-in portion and a second plug-in portion at both ends along the circumferential direction of the main body, respectively, and two adjacent clamping members can be plugged into and matched with each other through the first plug-in portion and the second plug-in portion.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping member is provided with a first through hole, and the main body is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes spaced apart along its radial direction corresponding to each clamping member, and the locking member can pass through the first through hole and be selectively connected to one of the first fixing holes.

[0017] Preferably, the first through-hole is a waist-shaped hole extending in the radial direction of the main body.

[0018] Preferably, a limit member is further provided on the main body, and the limit member is used to limit the maximum distance that the clamping member can slide radially along the main body.

[0019] Preferably, it is characterized in that a suction portion is further provided on the main body, the suction portion is located in the clamping space, and is used to suction the bottom of the disc-shaped workpiece.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0021] The electron beam welding tool provided by the utility model is provided with a main body that can be fixed on the three-jaw chuck of a lathe, and the main body is made of non-magnetic material, so that the disc-shaped workpiece carried by the main body can be isolated from the three-jaw chuck, thereby preventing the magnetism of the three-jaw chuck itself from causing the electron beam to deflect and affect the welding quality of the disc-shaped workpiece; by providing at least one group of clamping members, and at least three clamping members in each group of clamping members can slide along the radial direction of the main body to adjust the size of the clamping space formed by the clamping members, so that the electron beam welding tool can clamp disc-shaped workpieces of different sizes, thereby improving the versatility of the electron beam welding tool; by providing a locking member to lock the relative position between the clamping member and the main body, it can prevent the clamping member from sliding relative to the main body during the welding process, thereby affecting the stability of its clamping of the disc-shaped workpiece. The electron beam welding tool has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can prevent the electron beam from being deflected by the magnetic field during the welding process, thereby causing the weld on the disc-shaped workpiece to have an unfused defect, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the disc-shaped workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention when clamping a disc-shaped workpiece;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention when it does not clamp a disc-shaped workpiece;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism at AA in the middle.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 100. Disc-shaped workpiece;

[0028] 1. Main body; 11. Slide rail; 12. First fixing hole; 13. Adsorption part; 131. Vacuum chamber; 132. Adsorption hole;

[0029] 2. Clamping mechanism; 21. Clamping member; 211. Slider; 212. First plug-in portion; 213. Second plug-in portion; 214. First through-hole; 22. Locking member;

[0030] 3. Limiting parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0034] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0035] In the prior art, when electron beam welding is performed on a thin disc-shaped workpiece, the three-jaw chuck of a lathe is usually used to clamp and fix it. The three-jaw chuck is connected to the lathe spindle so that when the lathe spindle rotates, the three-jaw chuck and the disc-shaped workpiece clamped thereon are driven to rotate. At the same time, the electron beam bombards the side of the thin disc-shaped workpiece to form an annular weld thereon. However, the three-jaw chuck in the prior art is often made of ductile iron and alloy steel, and the material itself is magnetic. Therefore, during the welding operation, the electron beam is easily deflected by the magnetic field, resulting in unfused welds on the disc-shaped workpiece, affecting the quality of the finished product. In order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides an electron beam welding tool. Figures 1-4The electron beam welding tool provided in this embodiment is introduced in detail. Figure 1 The figure shows the structure of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention when clamping a disc-shaped workpiece. Figure 2 The figure shows the structure of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention when it does not hold a disc-shaped workpiece. Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the electron beam welding tool provided in this embodiment includes a main body 1 and a clamping mechanism 2. The main body 1 can be clamped on a three-jaw chuck and is made of a non-magnetic material. The clamping mechanism 2 includes a locking member 22 and at least one group of clamping members 21. Each group of clamping members 21 includes at least three clamping members 21 arranged around the central axis of the main body 1. The at least three clamping members 21 enclose a clamping space for clamping a disc-shaped workpiece 100. Each clamping member 21 can slide radially along the main body 1 to adjust the size of the clamping space. Each clamping member 21 is fixed to the main body 1 by a corresponding locking member 22.

[0036] The electron beam welding tool provided in this embodiment is provided with a main body 1 that can be fixed on the three-jaw chuck of a lathe, and the main body 1 is made of non-magnetic material, so that the disc-shaped workpiece 100 carried on the main body 1 is isolated from the three-jaw chuck, thereby preventing the magnetism of the three-jaw chuck itself from causing the electron beam to deflect and affecting the welding quality of the disc-shaped workpiece 100; at least one group of clamping members 21 is provided, and at least three clamping members 21 in each group of clamping members 21 can slide along the radial direction of the main body 1 to adjust the size of the clamping space formed by the clamping members 21, so that the electron beam welding tool can clamp disc-shaped workpieces 100 of different sizes, thereby improving the versatility of the electron beam welding tool; by providing a locking member 22 to lock the relative position between the clamping member 21 and the main body 1, it can be avoided that the clamping member 21 slides relative to the main body 1 during the welding process, which affects its stability in clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100. This electron beam welding tool has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It also prevents the electron beam from being deflected by the magnetic field during welding, which could result in a lack of fusion in the weld seam of the disc-shaped workpiece 100, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the disc-shaped workpiece 100. The non-magnetic material is preferably A6061 duralumin or titanium alloy. All materials that can isolate the disc-shaped workpiece 100 from the three-jaw chuck are within the scope of protection of the present invention and are not further described here.

[0037] It should be noted that the number of clamping members 21 in each group of clamping members 21 can be any number such as three, four, five, six, etc., as long as the clamping members 21 can be arranged to form a clamping space for clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100. They will not be described one by one here.

[0038] Figure 3 The figure shows the exploded structure diagram of the electron beam welding tool provided by the present invention. Figure 3Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the clamping member 21 is provided with an arcuate clamping surface on one side thereof, which is close to the central axis of the main body 1. This arcuate clamping surface can be aligned with the outer wall of the disc-shaped workpiece 100. This arrangement allows the clamping member 21 to completely align with the disc-shaped workpiece 100 when clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100, thereby increasing the contact area between the clamping member 21 and the disc-shaped workpiece 100 and improving the stability of the clamping. Furthermore, as the clamping member 21 slides radially along the main body 1, it can continuously correct the deviation of the disc-shaped workpiece 100. When the arcuate clamping surface of the clamping member 21 completely aligns with the outer wall of the disc-shaped workpiece 100, the central axis of the disc-shaped workpiece 100 coincides with the central axis of the main body 1. It can be understood that when the main body 1 is clamped on the three-jaw chuck, due to the self-centering characteristics of the three-jaw chuck, the lathe spindle, the three-jaw chuck and the main body 1 are coaxially arranged, and when the arc-shaped clamping surface of the clamping member 21 is completely in contact with the outer wall of the disc-shaped workpiece 100, the main body 1 and the disc-shaped workpiece 100 carried thereon are coaxially arranged, thereby making the lathe spindle, the three-jaw chuck, the main body 1 and the disc-shaped workpiece 100 carried on the main body 1 coaxially arranged. This arrangement can further improve the welding quality of the annular weld on the disc-shaped workpiece 100.

[0039] Furthermore, different groups of clamping members 21 have arc-shaped clamping surfaces with unequal radians, and one group of clamping members 21 can be detachably connected to the main body 1 to adapt to disc-shaped workpieces 100 with different diameters, thereby further improving the versatility of the electron beam welding tooling and reducing the material cost of the electron beam welding tooling.

[0040] Continue as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, each clamping member 21 is provided with a slider 211, and the main body 1 is provided with a slide rail 11 extending radially along the main body 1 corresponding to each slider 211. The slider 211 slidably fits in the corresponding slide rail 12 to ensure smooth movement of the clamping member 21 during the radial sliding of the clamping member 21 along the main body 1. Optionally, the slide rail 11 is a T-slot, a trapezoidal slot, or a linear rail, and the shape of the slider 211 is adapted to the shape of the slide rail 11 to prevent the clamping member 21 from detaching from the slide rail 11 from the top opening of the slide rail 11 when moving radially along the main body 1, thereby improving the reliability of the electron beam welding tooling.

[0041] In other embodiments, the clamping member 21 is provided with a slide rail 12 extending radially along the main body 1 , and a slider 211 is provided corresponding to each slide rail 12 on the main body 1 , and the slider 211 is slidably fitted in the corresponding slide rail 12 .

[0042] A slide rail 11 can also be provided on each clamping member 21, and a slide rail extending radially along the main body 1 can be provided on each corresponding slider 211 on the main body 1. The slider 211 slides in conjunction with the corresponding slide rail to achieve radial sliding of the clamping member 21 along the main body 1.

[0043] Continue as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, each clamping member 21 is respectively provided with a first plug-in portion 212 and a second plug-in portion 213 at both ends along the circumferential direction of the main body 1. Two adjacent clamping members 21 can be plugged in and matched with each other through the first plug-in portion 212 and the second plug-in portion 213. When the clamping space formed by the clamping member 21 clamps the disc-shaped workpiece 100, all the clamping members 21 are plugged in and matched with the corresponding first plug-in portion 212 and the second plug-in portion 213 to form an annular whole, thereby improving the stability of the clamping mechanism 2 in clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100. It is also possible to judge whether the central axis of the disc-shaped workpiece 100 coincides with the rotation center of the lathe spindle by observing the degree of matching between the first plug-in portion 212 and the second plug-in portion 213. When the first plug-in portion 212 and the second plug-in portion 213 are fully matched, it proves that the central axis of the disc-shaped workpiece 100 completely coincides with the rotation center of the lathe spindle, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the annular weld. Specifically, one of the first plug-in portion 212 and the second plug-in portion 213 can be a flange, and the other can be a groove. The flange and the groove match each other, which is simple to process and convenient for connection and fixation. Of course, in other embodiments, other first plug-in portions 212 and second plug-in portions 213 that can achieve plug-in matching are also within the scope of protection of this embodiment and are not further described here.

[0044] Continue as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the clamping member 21 is provided with a first through-hole 214, and the main body 1 is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes 12 arranged at intervals along the radial direction thereof corresponding to each clamping member 21. The locking member 22 can pass through the first through-hole 214 and selectively connect to one of the first fixing holes 12. Thus, the first fixing holes 12 at different positions can be selected for disc-shaped workpieces 100 with different outer diameters, so that the electron beam welding tool can clamp disc-shaped workpieces 100 with different outer diameters, and has strong versatility. It is worth noting that the first through-hole 214 is a waist-shaped hole extending along the radial direction of the main body 1. Optionally, the locking member 22 is a bolt, and the first fixing hole 12 is a threaded hole. The locking member 22 is threadedly fixed with the first fixing hole 12. Thus, the curvature of the arc-shaped clamping surface can be unequal. When the clamping group clamps the disc-shaped workpiece 100, even if the clamping member 21 is at different radial positions along the main body 1, the locking member 22 can still fix the clamping member 21 to the main body 1.

[0045] Furthermore, the slider 211 is provided with a second through-hole, through which the locking member 22 passes, in sequence, through the first through-hole 214 and the second through-hole, before being locked in the first fixing hole. With this arrangement, the slider 211 and the corresponding clamping member 21 can also be detachably connected via the locking member 22. To clamp disc-shaped workpieces 100 of varying diameters, the operator can simply replace the clamping member 21 without having to replace the slider 211, further reducing the manufacturing cost of the electron beam welding tooling.

[0046] Preferably, each clamping member 21 corresponds to at least two locking members 22 to further ensure the stability of the connection between the clamping member 21 and the main body 1.

[0047] A limiter 3 is also provided on the main body 1, and the limiter 3 is used to limit the maximum distance that the clamping member 21 can slide radially along the main body 1. Therefore, when using the electron beam welding tool provided in this embodiment, the limiter 3 can limit the maximum sliding distance of the sliding member along the radial direction of the main body 1, thereby preventing the slider 211 from leaving the slide rail 11, thereby improving the reliability of the electron beam welding tool. Specifically, the limiter 3 can be a bolt, which can be fixedly connected to the first fixing hole 12 that is farthest from the central axis of the main body 1, thereby preventing the clamping member 21 from leaving the slide rail 11; this design can also omit the setting of the locking hole on the main body 1, and directly use the existing first fixing hole 12 to cooperate with the limiter 3 to achieve the limitation of the clamping member 21, which can improve processing efficiency and reduce processing costs.

[0048] Figure 4 Shown Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at AA in the figure. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the electron beam welding fixture provided in this embodiment is used to clamp the disc-shaped workpiece 100, if the electron beam welding fixture has been clamped on the three-jaw chuck of the lathe, the operator needs to use one hand to support the disc-shaped workpiece 100 so that the central axis of the disc-shaped workpiece 100 roughly coincides with the central axis of the main body 1, and use the other hand to operate the clamping members 21 one by one, so that all the clamping members 21 can finally clamp the disc-shaped workpiece 100. However, it is inconvenient to operate the clamping members 21 with one hand. To solve the above problems, the main body 1 also includes an adsorption portion 13, which is located in the clamping space and is used to adsorb the bottom of the disc-shaped workpiece 100. Therefore, when the operator needs to adjust the position of the clamping member 21, the adsorption portion 13 can be started to adsorb the disc-shaped workpiece 100. Then the operator can operate the clamping member 21 with both hands, and when all the clamping members 21 are roughly moved to the final clamping position, the adsorption portion 13 no longer provides adsorption force. Therefore, technical personnel in this field can easily operate the clamping member 21 to complete the final position adjustment of the clamping disc-shaped workpiece 100, so that the clamping member 21 can clamp the disc-shaped workpiece 100, thereby reducing the difficulty of the clamping operation of the disc-shaped workpiece 100.

[0049] Specifically, the adsorption part 13 includes a vacuum chamber 131 and an adsorption hole 132. One end of the adsorption hole 132 is connected to the vacuum pump using an air pipe through an air pipe quick connector, and the other end is connected to the vacuum chamber 131. The vacuum pump can evacuate the vacuum chamber 131 to allow the bottom of the disc-shaped workpiece 100 to be adsorbed on the main body 1. When the spindle of the lathe starts to rotate and the electron beam welding process is implemented, the air pipe can be quickly pulled out from the air pipe quick connector.

[0050] To prevent deformation of thin, light, and disc-shaped workpieces due to excessive suction force, and to further reduce the difficulty of clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100, the suction force provided by the suction portion 13 is adjustable, thereby providing appropriate suction force for the thin, light, and disc-shaped workpiece 100 and preventing its deformation. Furthermore, when all the clamping members 21 have generally moved to their final clamping positions, the suction portion 13 is adjusted to reduce the suction force, allowing the operator to simultaneously push the disc-shaped workpiece 100 for position adjustment when pushing the clamping members 21, thereby further reducing the difficulty of clamping the disc-shaped workpiece 100. Specifically, a regulating valve is provided on the vacuum pump to adjust the operating power of the vacuum pump, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the suction force of the suction portion 13.

[0051] Obviously, the above description of the present invention is merely an example for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam welding tool, characterized in that: include: A main body (1) can be clamped on a three-jaw chuck, and the main body (1) is made of a non-magnetic material; A clamping mechanism (2) comprises a locking member (22) and at least one group of clamping members (21), each group of the clamping members (21) comprising at least three clamping members (21) arranged around the central axis of the main body (1), the at least three clamping members (21) forming a clamping space for clamping a disc-shaped workpiece (100), each of the clamping members (21) being able to slide radially along the main body (1) to adjust the size of the clamping space, and each of the clamping members (21) being fixed to the main body (1) via the corresponding locking member (22).

2. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping member (21) is provided with an arc-shaped clamping surface on one side close to the central axis of the main body (1), and the arc-shaped clamping surface can fit with the outer wall of the disc-shaped workpiece (100).

3. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Different groups of the clamping members (21) have arc-shaped clamping surfaces with unequal curvatures, and one of the groups of the clamping members (21) can be detachably connected to the main body (1).

4. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the clamping member (21) and the main body (1) is provided with a slide rail (11) extending radially of the main body (1), and the other is provided with a slider (211) slidably matched with the slide rail (11).

5. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide rail (11) is a T-shaped slot, a trapezoidal slot or a linear rail, and the shape of the slider (211) is adapted to the shape of the slide rail (11).

6. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the clamping members (21) is provided with a first plug-in portion (212) and a second plug-in portion (213) at both ends along the circumferential direction of the main body (1), and two adjacent clamping members (21) can be plugged into and matched with each other through the first plug-in portion (212) and the second plug-in portion (213).

7. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping member (21) is provided with a first through hole (214), and the main body (1) is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes (12) arranged at intervals along its radial direction corresponding to each clamping member (21), and the locking member (22) can pass through the first through hole (214) and be selectively connected to one of the first fixing holes (12).

8. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first through hole (214) is a waist-shaped hole extending in the radial direction of the main body (1).

9. The electron beam welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting member (3) is also provided on the main body (1), and the limiting member (3) is used to limit the maximum distance that the clamping member (21) can slide radially along the main body (1).

10. The electron beam welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The main body (1) is also provided with an adsorption portion (13), which is located in the clamping space and is used to adsorb the bottom of the disc-shaped workpiece (100).

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