Graphite mineral separation system
By combining the use of grinding and separation components, small cone angle cyclone groups, microbubble flotation machines and secondary flotation machines, multi-stage separation of impurities in the graphite beneficiation system is achieved, solving the problem of high impurity content in graphite beneficiation and improving the quality and yield of the concentrate.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422605181.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-25
AI Technical Summary
In the existing graphite beneficiation system, the sorted graphite raw materials are doped with a large amount of impurities with smaller particle sizes, such as muddy gangue, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the rougher concentrate. There is a lack of solutions to effectively reduce the impurity content.
The combined process of grinding and screening components, small cone angle cyclone group, micro bubble flotation machine and secondary flotation machine is adopted. Through the sequentially connected grinding, classification and flotation processes, combined with the Ai sand mill and three-stage flotation machine, multi-stage separation and impurity removal of the ore pulp are achieved.
It effectively reduces the content of impurities such as muddy gangue in the coarse concentrate obtained by mineral processing, improves the overall yield and concentrate quality, and improves production efficiency and system stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223367168U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates generally to the field of mining technology and more particularly to a graphite beneficiation system. Background Art
[0002] Current graphite beneficiation systems for processing natural graphite often utilize equipment such as ball mills and classifiers to perform grinding, flotation, and other beneficiation processes on graphite ore. In such systems, for example, when beneficiating lower-grade graphite ore, the sorted raw graphite material, which overflows from the classifier, often contains a high concentration of small impurities such as argillaceous gangue. These impurities are the primary cause of the decline in the quality of the rougher concentrate. However, existing technologies lack a targeted solution to effectively reduce the content of these impurities in the ore.
[0003] In view of this, there is an urgent need to provide a solution for a graphite beneficiation system so as to reduce the impurity content during the beneficiation process. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to at least solve one or more of the technical problems mentioned above, the present application proposes a graphite beneficiation system.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a graphite beneficiation system, comprising: a grinding assembly for crushing ore; a small-cone-angle cyclone group, whose feed port is connected to the discharge port of the grinding assembly, and the small-cone-angle cyclone group also has a first high-quality ore outlet and a first low-quality ore outlet; a microbubble flotation machine, whose feed port is connected to the first low-quality ore outlet of the small-cone-angle cyclone group, and the microbubble flotation machine also has a second low-quality ore outlet and a second high-quality ore outlet; and a secondary flotation machine, whose feed port is connected to the first high-quality ore outlet, and the secondary flotation machine has a third low-quality ore outlet and a third high-quality ore outlet.
[0006] In some embodiments, an wormwood sand mill is further included, and the feed port of the wormwood sand mill is connected to the third low-quality ore outlet.
[0007] In some embodiments, a three-stage flotation machine is further included, wherein the feed port of the three-stage flotation machine is connected to the second low-quality ore outlet, and the three-stage flotation machine has a fourth low-quality ore outlet and a fourth high-quality ore outlet.
[0008] In some embodiments, the discharge port of the sand mill and the fourth high-quality ore outlet are both connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine.
[0009] In some embodiments, the fourth high-quality ore outlet is connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine, and the discharge port of the sand mill is connected to the feed port of the tertiary flotation machine.
[0010] In some embodiments, the discharge port of the sand mill and the fourth high-quality ore outlet are both connected to the inlet of the small-cone-angle cyclone group.
[0011] In some embodiments, the grinding and selection component includes a ball mill and a spiral classifier, the discharge port of the ball mill is connected to the feed port of the spiral classifier, wherein the spiral classifier also has a return sand outlet and an overflow outlet, the return sand outlet is connected to the feed port of the ball mill, and the overflow outlet is the discharge port of the grinding and selection component.
[0012] In some embodiments, the small cone angle cyclone group includes 10 to 20 small cone angle cyclones arranged in parallel with a cone angle less than 30°.
[0013] In some embodiments, a buffer pump pool and a slurry pump are also included along the mineral processing pipeline, which are arranged between the overflow outlet and the inlet of the small-cone-angle cyclone group. The slurry pump is arranged at the bottom of the buffer pump pool to pump the material in the buffer pump pool to the small-cone-angle cyclone group.
[0014] In some embodiments, a peristaltic dosing pump is further included, and the discharge port of the peristaltic dosing pump is connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine.
[0015] The graphite beneficiation system provided above, in accordance with the embodiments of the present application, can reduce the content of impurities such as muddy gangue in the coarse concentrate obtained by beneficiation by sequentially connecting a grinding assembly, a small cone angle cyclone group, a microbubble flotation machine, and a secondary flotation machine. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the overall yield can be improved by providing an agar sand mill to further dissociate the ore discharged from the secondary flotation machine. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the content of impurities in the coarse concentrate can be further reduced by providing a tertiary flotation machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present application are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0018] Figure 2 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0020] Figure 4 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0022] Figure 6 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0024] Figure 8 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0026] Figure 10 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0027] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;
[0028] Figure 12 An exemplary structural schematic diagram of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0029] Description of reference numerals:
[0030] 10 - Grinding and separation assembly; 11 - Ball mill; 12 - Spiral classifier; 122 - Overflow outlet; 123 - Backsand outlet; 21 - Small cone-angle cyclone group; 211 - Small cone-angle cyclone; 212 - First low-quality ore outlet; 213 - First high-quality ore outlet; 31 - Microbubble flotation machine; 312 - Second low-quality ore outlet; 313 - Second high-quality ore outlet; 32 - Tertiary flotation machine; 322 - Fourth low-quality ore outlet; 323 - Fourth high-quality ore outlet; 41 - Secondary flotation machine; 412 - Third low-quality ore outlet; 413 - Third high-quality ore outlet; 42 - Abrasive mill; 51 - Buffer pump tank; 52 - Slurry pump; 53 - Peristaltic dosing pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0032] It should be understood that the terms "include" and "comprising" used in the description and claims of this application indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.
[0033] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this specification and claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, including and including these combinations.
[0034] As used in this specification and claims, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determining" or "upon detection of [described condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]," depending on the context.
[0035] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a graphite beneficiation system, which can reduce the content of impurities such as muddy gangue in the coarse concentrate obtained by beneficiation through a grinding and screening component, a small cone angle cyclone group, a microbubble flotation machine and a secondary flotation machine connected in sequence.
[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a graphite beneficiation system may include a grinding assembly 10, a low-cone angle hydrocyclone assembly 21, a microbubble flotation cell 31, and a secondary flotation cell 41 connected by pipelines. The grinding assembly 10 can be used to crush ore and, for example, can be composed of interconnected grinding equipment and beneficiation equipment. The low-cone angle hydrocyclone assembly 21, the microbubble flotation cell 31, and the secondary flotation cell 41 are all used to separate and grade the mineral material in the ore slurry.
[0038] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2The following is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the feed port of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can be connected to the discharge port of the grinding and selection assembly 10 to further sort and grade the ore pulp crushed by the grinding and selection assembly 10. The small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can also have a first low-quality ore outlet 212 and a first high-quality ore outlet 213. The feed port of the microbubble flotation machine 31 is connected to the first low-quality ore outlet 212 of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21. The microbubble flotation machine 31 also has a second low-quality ore outlet 312 and a second high-quality ore outlet 313. The feed port of the secondary flotation machine 41 can be connected to the first high-quality ore outlet 213, and it has a third low-quality ore outlet 412 and a third high-quality ore outlet 413. The third low-quality ore outlet 412 can be connected along the beneficiation pipeline between the discharge port of the grinding and selection assembly 10 and the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine 31. Thus, the third low-quality ore outlet 412 can transport the low-quality ore separated by the secondary flotation machine 41 to the downstream flotation equipment of the grinding and separation assembly 10 for further separation, thereby improving the overall flotation recovery rate. The higher-quality material separated by the secondary flotation machine 41 can be discharged from the third high-quality ore outlet 413 as the first coarse concentrate, for example, to be collected or further processed.
[0039] In some embodiments, the grinding and selection assembly 10 may include a ball mill 11 and a spiral classifier 12 connected to each other. For example, raw ore such as graphite ore may be initially crushed to a feed size suitable for the ball mill in the preceding process of the graphite beneficiation system, for example, to a particle size of less than 10 mm. The ore then enters the ball mill 11, which impacts, crushes, and grinds the ore with the aid of the grinding balls inside it. The spiral classifier 12 may be fed with ore ground by the ball mill and a liquid medium such as water, so as to mechanically classify the material based on the principle that the solid particles have different specific gravities and therefore different sedimentation rates in the liquid.
[0040] The discharge port of the ball mill 11 can be connected to the feed port of the spiral classifier 12 by means of a pipe or a conveyor belt. The spiral classifier 12 may also have a return sand outlet 123 and an overflow outlet 122. The ore material is mixed with the liquid to form a slurry. After the slurry is stirred by the spiral blades inside the spiral classifier 12, the light and fine particles will be suspended on the upper side to form an overflow, which can then flow out from the overflow outlet 122. The coarse and heavy particles will sink to form return sand, which can be discharged from the return sand outlet 123. In some embodiments, the return sand outlet 123 of the spiral classifier 12 can be connected to the feed port of the ball mill 11, so that the ore material that has been initially crushed and ground by the ball mill 11 but does not meet the particle size standard can be transported back to the ball mill 11 for secondary grinding. The overflow outlet 122 of the spiral classifier 12 can serve as the discharge port of the entire grinding and sorting assembly 10 to discharge the ore material that has been ground and sorted by the grinding and sorting assembly 10.
[0041] In some embodiments, the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can be composed of multiple small-cone-angle cyclones 211 connected in parallel. The slurry moves in a spiral motion in the small-cone-angle cyclone 211, wherein the ore with a larger specific gravity moves axially downward and radially outward during the spiral motion. When it reaches the cone section, it moves downward along the wall of the device and is discharged from its sand return port, thus forming an external vortex; while the ore with a smaller specific gravity, such as most fine-grained graphite and muddy gangue, moves toward the central axis of rotation during the spiral motion and forms an upward-moving internal vortex at the center of the axis, which is then discharged from its overflow port. In this way, according to the different centrifugal forces and gravity exerted on the ore materials of different properties, the different mineral particles in the slurry can be graded and sorted, and impurities such as muddy gangue particles with smaller particle sizes can be removed.
[0042] In some embodiments, the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 may include multiple small-cone-angle cyclones 211. For example, it may be composed of 10 to 20 small-cone-angle cyclones 211 with a cone angle of less than 30° connected in parallel. The feed port of each small-cone-angle cyclone 211 is commonly connected to the overall feed port of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21, and the sand return port of each small-cone-angle cyclone 211 is commonly connected to the first high-quality ore outlet 213, and the overflow port of each small-cone-angle cyclone 211 is commonly connected to the first low-quality ore outlet 212. As a result, the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can process slurries with a large flow rate in parallel, thereby improving production efficiency and avoiding material accumulation caused by blockage or failure of a single small-cone-angle cyclone 211, thereby improving the stability of the system. The cone angle of the cyclone affects the flow state and separation effect of the material in the cyclone. The small-cone-angle cyclone 211 with a smaller cone angle can generate a larger centrifugal force, which is conducive to the separation of coarse particle materials. By using a small cone angle cyclone 211 with a cone angle of less than 30 degrees, the separation capability of impurity particles such as muddy gangue that need to be removed from the slurry can be improved.
[0043] In some embodiments, the microbubble flotation machine 31 can generate bubbles in the slurry mixture, lifting solid materials with lower specific gravity, such as graphite particles, to the upper portion of the slurry. This bubbles then lift solid materials with lower specific gravity, such as graphite particles, to the upper portion of the slurry, forming a second coarse concentrate that is discharged from the second high-quality ore outlet 313. Mineral materials with higher specific gravity and higher impurities remain in the lower portion of the slurry and can be discharged from the second low-quality ore outlet 312, thereby separating materials of different qualities. The second coarse concentrate discharged from the second high-quality ore outlet 313 can be collected or further processed. Lower-quality ore materials discharged from the second low-quality ore outlet 312 can be directly discharged as tailings. The microbubble flotation machine 31 features high sorting accuracy and a high enrichment ratio. The feed inlet of the microbubble flotation machine 31 can be connected to the first low-quality ore outlet 212 of the small-cone-angle cyclone assembly 21, allowing further processing of the ore discharged from the overflow outlet 122 of the small-cone-angle cyclone 211 to separate particles of different specific gravities. Thus, the tiny bubbles generated in the microbubble flotation machine 31 can efficiently float fine mineral particles, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of sorting the fine mineral particles discharged from the first low-quality mineral outlet 212 of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21. This improves the overall flotation recovery rate and minimizes the impurity content in the mineral particles.
[0044] In some embodiments, by setting the separation execution parameters of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 , the quality division of the second coarse concentrate and the tailings can be precisely controlled to obtain a higher total recovery rate while minimizing the impurity content.
[0045] The secondary flotation cell 41, which can be an aerated agitation flotation cell, a mechanical agitation flotation cell, or other types, is used to further sort the material discharged from the first high-quality ore outlet 213 of the low-cone-angle cyclone assembly 21. It includes a third high-quality ore outlet 413 for discharging high-quality ore and a third low-quality ore outlet 412 for discharging low-quality ore. The third low-quality ore outlet 412 can be connected along the beneficiation pipeline between the discharge port of the grinding and separation assembly 10 and the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation cell 31. In some embodiments, the third low-quality ore outlet 412 can be connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation cell 31, thereby re-transferring the lower-quality ore removed from the low-cone-angle cyclone assembly 21 to the micro-bubble flotation cell 31 for secondary sorting, thereby maximizing the overall flotation recovery rate. After sorting in the secondary flotation cell 41, the higher-quality ore can be discharged from the third high-quality ore outlet 413 as the first coarse concentrate for collection or further processing.
[0046] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 4Schematic diagrams of exemplary graphite beneficiation systems according to some embodiments of the present application are shown. In some embodiments, a sand mill 42 may be provided for further grinding the ore. For example, the inlet of the sand mill 42 may be connected to the third low-quality ore outlet 412, and the outlet of the sand mill 42 may be connected along the beneficiation pipeline between the outlet of the grinding assembly 10 and the inlet of the microbubble flotation machine 31.
[0047] In some embodiments, the discharge port of the Ai sand mill 42 can be connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31, so as to further dissociate the low-quality ore discharged from the third low-quality ore outlet 412 of the secondary flotation machine 41, and transport the dissociated ore to the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 for re-sorting to improve the overall yield. Among them, the Ai sand mill 42 can achieve ultra-fine crushing and dissociation, has a good degree of dissociation of fine-grained minerals, high crushing efficiency, and the particle size of the ore processed by it has good adaptability to the micro-bubble flotation machine. Furthermore, the working parameters of the Ai sand mill 42 can be adjusted so that the particle size of the ore output by it is as consistent as possible with the optimal applicable material particle size range of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31, thereby improving the screening efficiency of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31, and then improving the overall production efficiency and the final recovery rate.
[0048] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 6 Schematic diagrams of exemplary structures of graphite beneficiation systems according to some embodiments of the present application are shown. In some embodiments, a tertiary flotation machine 32 may be provided for further screening low-quality ore separated by the microbubble flotation machine 31. Similar to the secondary flotation machine 41, the tertiary flotation machine 32 may also be an aerated agitation flotation machine, a mechanical agitation flotation machine, or other types of flotation machine, with its feed port connected to the second low-quality ore outlet 312 of the microbubble flotation machine 31. It includes a fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 for discharging higher-quality ore and a fourth low-quality ore outlet 322 for discharging lower-quality ore.
[0049] The fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 can be connected along the mineral processing pipeline between the discharge port of the grinding and screening assembly 10 and the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31. In some embodiments, the fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 can be connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31, thereby re-transmitting the relatively high-quality ore from the material rejected by the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 to the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 for secondary sorting. The high-quality ore screened by the secondary flotation machine 41 can be discharged from the third high-quality ore outlet 413 as the first coarse concentrate, and the high-quality ore screened by the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 can be discharged from the second high-quality ore outlet 313 as the second coarse concentrate. The fourth low-quality ore outlet 322 can be used to discharge the lower-quality tailings that are finally sorted after cyclic sorting by the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 and the tertiary flotation machine 32. This maximizes the use of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31's advantage in sorting fine-particle mineral materials, reduces the content of impurities such as fine-particle mud gangue as much as possible, and improves the overall flotation recovery rate.
[0050] In some embodiments, the graphite beneficiation system may further include a buffer pump pool 51 arranged along the beneficiation pipeline between the overflow outlet 122 of the spiral classifier 12 and the feed port of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21. The buffer pump pool 51 can be used to store the liquid slurry after grinding and sorting by the grinding and sorting assembly 10. At the bottom of the buffer pump pool 51, a slurry pump 52 may also be provided. The slurry pump 52 may be connected to the feed port of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 through a pipeline, so as to pump the slurry stored in the buffer pump pool 51 to the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21. By providing the buffer pump pool 51 and the slurry pump 52, the working flow in the graphite beneficiation system can be controlled. This allows each sorting equipment to work at the optimal workload as much as possible without causing a decrease in production efficiency or sorting effect due to fluctuations in the flow rate of the slurry.
[0051] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although the above shows a scheme of connecting the third low-quality ore outlet 412 of the secondary flotation machine 41 to the agar sand mill 42, and connecting the discharge port of the agar sand mill 42 and the fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 of the tertiary flotation machine 32 to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine 31, the present application does not impose any restrictive provisions on the order of connecting the pipelines between the various sorting or grinding and grinding devices of the graphite mineral processing system.
[0052] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 8The following is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 of the tertiary flotation machine 32 is connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31, while the discharge port of the wormwood mill 42 is connected to the feed port of the tertiary flotation machine 32. In this arrangement, since the discharge port of the wormwood mill 42 is directly connected to the feed port of the tertiary flotation machine 32, the ore separated by the wormwood mill 42 can first be screened by the tertiary flotation machine 32 before entering the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 for further separation. Thus, for example, when the raw ore contains a large number of high-density impurities, such impurities will be separated and separated in advance during the continuous grinding process of the secondary flotation machine 41, the wormwood mill 42, and the tertiary flotation machine 32, and then discharged as tailings in advance with other low-quality ore components, thereby reducing the ore processing load of the micro-bubble flotation machine 31 and improving the overall processing efficiency.
[0053] For example, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 10 The following is a schematic diagram of the exemplary structure of the graphite beneficiation system of some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the fourth high-quality ore outlet 323 of the tertiary flotation machine 32 and the discharge port of the sand mill 42 can be connected to the feed port of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21. In this embodiment, the low-quality ore selected by the secondary flotation machine 41 and the high-quality ore selected by the tertiary flotation machine 32 are both transported to the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 for re-screening. Thus, for example, when the raw ore contains a large number of impurities such as muddy gangue with a small particle size, the utilization rate of the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can be improved. The repeated screening of the ore by the small-cone-angle cyclone group 21 can further improve the screening rate of impurities such as muddy gangue in the ore, thereby improving the final concentrate grade.
[0054] See also Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing an exemplary system configuration of a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 12Schematic diagrams of exemplary structures of graphite beneficiation systems according to some embodiments of the present application are shown. In some embodiments, the graphite beneficiation system may further include a peristaltic dosing pump 53, which may be used to add regulating agents such as silicate inhibitors or dispersants to the slurry during the beneficiation process. In some embodiments, the peristaltic dosing pump 53 may be connected to the microbubble flotation machine 31. For example, the discharge port of the peristaltic dosing pump 53 may be connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine 31 to inject the liquid medicine into the microbubble flotation machine 31 along with the slurry, and the liquid medicine is evenly dispersed into the slurry as the microbubble flotation machine 31 performs the flotation process on the slurry. With the help of the peristaltic dosing pump 53, regulating agents can be added to the slurry in a stable and controllable manner to adjust the physical and chemical properties of the slurry according to the mud content of the ore, thereby ensuring the concentrate grade of fine particle flotation.
[0055] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although the above describes a scheme of disposing multiple individual sorting or grinding devices connected in series or in parallel, the present application does not impose a limitation on the actual number of such sorting and grinding devices. For example, a ball mill, spiral classifier, secondary flotation machine, microbubble flotation machine, and tertiary flotation machine can all be arranged in parallel, wherein the feed inlet and discharge outlet (or low-quality ore outlet or high-quality ore outlet) of each individual device can be connected to other identical individual devices accordingly.
[0056] In addition, the mineral processing pipeline described above includes all the passages in the system for transporting slurry, which may include, for example, the inner cavity of the pipeline, the inner cavity of the sorting and grinding equipment, the inner cavity of the buffer pump pool and the inner cavity of the slurry pump. The connection between the various devices described above refers to the connection of the corresponding passages for transporting slurry. For example, when the third low-quality ore outlet of the secondary flotation machine is connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine, the third low-quality ore outlet can be connected to the first low-quality ore outlet of the small cone angle cyclone group and the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine through a pipeline to transport the slurry, but it can also be directly connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine with the help of a pipeline. In the middle of the connecting pipeline between each device, additional buffer containers such as buffer pump pools and / or conveying drive devices such as slurry pumps can be set, so as to further improve the stability of the system operation. In some embodiments, the equipment located upstream along the mineral processing pipeline can be set at a relatively high position in the vertical direction, and the equipment located downstream along the mineral processing pipeline can be set at a lower position accordingly, so as to utilize gravity to assist the transfer of the slurry and reduce the risk of slurry backflow.
[0057] By configuring the conveying, screening, grinding, and dissociation parameters of equipment such as the ball mill, spiral classifier, low-cone angle hydrocyclone group, secondary flotation cell, microbubble flotation cell, and tertiary flotation cell in a graphite beneficiation system according to some embodiments of the present application, the content of impurities such as muddy gangue in the final output concentrate can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, by installing monitoring devices such as pressure gauges on equipment such as the low-cone angle hydrocyclone group, the status of each device in the graphite beneficiation system can be monitored to ensure that the system operates under optimal working conditions.
[0058] For example, in some embodiments, when the grade of the ore to be processed is between 5% and 8% and the system feed size is less than 10 mm, the production parameters of the relevant equipment in the graphite beneficiation system can be adjusted. This allows the ball mill discharge to have a -100 mesh particle size of 20% after grinding. The ball mill discharge is then graded in a spiral classifier, with the -100 mesh material accounting for 40% to 50% of the material discharged from the spiral classifier overflow outlet. The material discharged from the spiral classifier overflow outlet enters the buffer pump tank and is then transported by a slurry pump to a low-cone angle cyclone group for classification and quality control. Through parameter setting and selection, the low-cone angle cyclone group can achieve 400 mesh classification. The low-cone angle cyclone group separates the material in the buffer pump tank into high-quality ore and low-quality ore, with the high-quality ore grade exceeding 10% and the low-quality ore grade less than 3%.
[0059] The high-quality ore discharged from the small-angle cyclone group enters the secondary flotation cell for flotation. The flotation concentration can be controlled at 40% to 50%, ultimately achieving a first coarse concentrate grade exceeding 40% at the third high-quality outlet of the secondary flotation cell. The low-quality ore discharged from the third low-quality outlet of the secondary flotation cell enters the agar sand mill for grinding. The agar sand mill can be configured to ensure that the -400 mesh particle size exceeds 90% of the discharged ore. The low-quality ore discharged from the small-angle cyclone group enters the microbubble flotation cell for flotation, ultimately achieving a second coarse concentrate with an enrichment ratio of 7 to 10 and a grade of 20 to 30% at the second high-quality outlet. The tailings from the microbubble flotation cell enter the tertiary flotation cell for further sorting, achieving a final tailings grade of less than 1%.
[0060] In some embodiments, when a small-angle cyclone group consists of 10-20 cyclones with a cone angle of less than 30°, controlling the feed pressure to the group at 150 MPa and the classification concentration at 40% can ensure that the classified particle size is not excessively coarse. To this end, installing a pressure gauge in the cyclone group and adjusting the water feed can prevent the cyclone from coarsening, achieving precise classification and quality-based flotation.
[0061] The graphite beneficiation system of the present application utilizes a small-cone-angle cyclone group to classify the milled slurry, removing most of the fine graphite and gangue, thereby improving the grade of the coarse concentrate obtained by flotation, increasing overall yield, and reducing tailings. This system also reduces the impact of ore slime during the separation process, reduces the number of required concentration passes, improves overall beneficiation efficiency, and avoids over-grinding of the flake graphite concentrate caused by multiple grinding passes, ensuring a positive concentrate rate.
[0062] Although multiple embodiments of the present application have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art can conceive of many changes, modifications, and alternatives without departing from the thought and spirit of the present application. It should be understood that in the process of practicing the present application, various alternatives to the embodiments of the present application described herein can be adopted. The accompanying claims are intended to define the scope of protection of the present application and therefore cover equivalents or alternatives within the scope of these claims.
Claims
1. A graphite beneficiation system, characterized in that: include: A grinding assembly (10) for crushing ore; A small cone angle cyclone group (21), the feed port of which is connected to the discharge port of the grinding and separation assembly (10), and the small cone angle cyclone group (21) also has a first high-quality ore outlet (213) and a first low-quality ore outlet (212); a micro-bubble flotation machine (31), the feed port of which is connected to the first low-quality ore outlet (212) of the small-cone-angle cyclone group (21), and the micro-bubble flotation machine (31) further comprises a second low-quality ore outlet (312) and a second high-quality ore outlet (313); and The secondary flotation machine (41) has a feed port connected to the first high-quality ore outlet (213), and the secondary flotation machine (41) has a third low-quality ore outlet (412) and a third high-quality ore outlet (413).
2. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an argon sand mill (42), and the feed port of the argon sand mill (42) is connected to the third low-quality ore outlet (412).
3. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a three-stage flotation machine (32), the feed port of which is connected to the second low-quality ore outlet (312), and has a fourth low-quality ore outlet (322) and a fourth high-quality ore outlet (323).
4. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge port of the sand mill (42) and the fourth high-quality ore outlet (323) are both connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine (31).
5. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fourth high-quality ore outlet (323) is connected to the feed port of the micro-bubble flotation machine (31), and the discharge port of the sand mill (42) is connected to the feed port of the tertiary flotation machine (32).
6. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge port of the sand mill (42) and the fourth high-quality ore outlet (323) are both connected to the feed port of the small cone angle cyclone group (21).
7. The graphite beneficiation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The grinding and separation component (10) includes a ball mill (11) and a spiral classifier (12), wherein the discharge port of the ball mill (11) is connected to the feed port of the spiral classifier (12), wherein the spiral classifier (12) further has a sand return outlet (123) and an overflow outlet (122), wherein the sand return outlet (123) is connected to the feed port of the ball mill (11), and the overflow outlet (122) is the discharge port of the grinding and separation component (10).
8. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small cone angle cyclone group (21) comprises 10 to 20 small cone angle cyclones (211) arranged in parallel and having a cone angle of less than 30°.
9. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The system further comprises a buffer pump pool (51) and a slurry pump (52) arranged along the mineral processing pipeline between the overflow outlet (122) and the feed inlet of the small-cone-angle cyclone group (21); the slurry pump (52) is arranged at the bottom of the buffer pump pool (51) to pump the material in the buffer pump pool (51) to the small-cone-angle cyclone group (21).
10. The graphite beneficiation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a peristaltic dosing pump (53), the discharge port of the peristaltic dosing pump (53) is connected to the feed port of the microbubble flotation machine (31).