Gap type protection structure, live wire protection module, N-PE pole protection module and surge protection device

Abstract

According to the gap-type protection structure, the live wire protection module, the N-PE pole protection module and the surge protection device, the graphite gap assembly installed in the inner shell in a limiting mode is composed of the graphite sheets and the insulation gaskets which are alternately attached to each other and serves as a main surge discharge channel, and due to the fact that a plurality of gaps are arranged between the discharge channels for isolation, under the working voltage, the discharge channels are isolated from each other. In addition, when the first electrode plate is installed on the left side outside the inner shell, the first electrode plate is tightly attached to the graphite sheet on the leftmost side, when the second electrode plate is installed on the right side outside the inner shell, the second electrode plate is attached to the contact piece which is installed in the inner shell in a limited mode and electrically connected with the graphite sheet on the rightmost side, layout is compact and reasonable, and assembling is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to a gap-type protection structure, a live wire protection module, an N-PE pole protection module and a surge protector. Background Art

[0002] Multi-gap surge protectors offer technical advantages such as zero power consumption, high current flow, and zero leakage during normal operation. However, they suffer from certain drawbacks, such as power frequency continuous current and short-circuit failure under temporary overvoltage conditions. In the low-voltage power distribution sector, if the hazards of continuous current and short-circuit conditions are avoided, multi-gap surge protectors can be used to replace MOV (metal oxide varistor) surge protectors, creating smaller surge protectors with the same current flow. Existing multi-gap surge protectors suffer from complex structures, inconvenient assembly, and unreliability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome at least one defect of the prior art and to provide a gap-type protection structure, a live wire protection module, an N-PE pole protection module and a surge protector.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A gap-type protective structure includes an outer shell, an inner shell inserted into the outer shell, a graphite gap assembly limitedly installed in the inner shell, a contact sheet, a first electrode sheet and a second electrode sheet respectively fixed on both sides of the outer shell and having different electrical properties, the first electrode sheet having a first pin extending out of the outer shell, the second electrode sheet having a second pin extending out of the outer shell, the graphite gap assembly including a plurality of graphite sheets arranged at intervals and an insulating gasket bonded between a portion of two adjacent graphite sheets, an isolation gap being provided between the other portions of the two adjacent graphite sheets, the inner shell being provided with a first through hole and a second through hole respectively located on both sides of the inner shell and opposite to the two outermost graphite sheets, the outermost graphite sheet being located in the first through hole and bonded to the first electrode sheet, the contact sheet including a mounting portion electrically connected to the other outermost graphite sheet and limitedly installed in the inner shell, and a contact portion passing through the second through hole, the contact portion being welded to the second electrode sheet by a heat-meltable welding portion.

[0006] Optionally, the first electrode sheet is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell by a first screw, and the second electrode sheet is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell by a second screw. The inner shell is provided with a screw hole passing through the inner shell, and the first screw and the second screw are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the screw hole, and there is an insulating gap between the first screw and the second screw.

[0007] Optionally, a limiting side wall that fits the contour edge of the graphite sheet is provided in the inner shell, a first limiting groove is provided on the limiting side wall, and a protruding portion of the insulating gasket protruding from the graphite sheet is placed in the first limiting groove.

[0008] Optionally, the graphite sheet is a circular sheet, and the limiting side wall is an arc-shaped wall; the insulating gasket is a circular ring sheet, and the first limiting groove is an arc-shaped groove.

[0009] Optionally, the inner shell includes an upper half shell and a lower half shell that cover each other, a fixing groove is provided on the bottom end of the side wall of the upper half shell, and a fixing column that is inserted into the fixing groove is provided on the top end of the side wall of the lower half shell.

[0010] A live wire protection module includes a trip assembly and any one of the gap-type protection structures described above, wherein the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet of the gap-type protection structure are electrically connected to the L pole and the N pole, respectively, or to the L pole and the PE pole, respectively. The contact sheet of the gap-type protection structure is an elastic structure. The trip assembly includes a push rod movably arranged outside the inner shell of the gap-type protection structure and a spring connected between the push rod and the inner shell. The push rod includes a pushing portion and a partition portion for blocking the contact portion of the contact sheet after thermal separation and the second electrode sheet. When the contact portion of the contact sheet is welded to the second electrode sheet, the contact portion acts on the pushing portion of the push rod to cause the push rod to block the spring from recovering its deformation.

[0011] Optionally, the contact portion of the contact sheet includes a third vertical section for welding to the second electrode sheet and an inclined section connected between the third vertical section and the mounting portion, and the inclined section is inclined toward the direction close to the second electrode sheet; the spring is a compression spring; the pushing portion is a frame structure, and a mating inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the bottom edge of the pushing portion, the contact portion extends into the pushing portion and the inclined section presses on the mating inclined surface of the push rod so that the push rod blocks the spring from recovering its deformation.

[0012] Optionally, the mounting portion of the contact sheet includes a first vertical section that is in contact with the graphite sheet and is limited between the graphite sheet and the side wall of the inner shell, and a bent section connected between the bottom end of the first vertical section and the bottom end of the contact portion, and the bent bottom of the bent section is limited to a second limiting groove on the bottom wall of the inner shell.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes an indicator member, one end of which is fixed on the outer side of the inner shell, and the other end of the indicator member is an indicator piece blocked between the top block at the top of the push rod and the inspection window of the outer shell, and the indicator piece is provided with an indicator mark; after the welding part of the gap-type protective structure is hot-melted, the top block pushes the indicator piece and the inspection window to be misaligned.

[0014] Optionally, an auxiliary system is also included, which includes a circuit board arranged outside the inner shell, a capacitor and a pin header arranged on the circuit board, and the pin header passes through the third through hole of the inner shell and is electrically connected to the graphite sheet.

[0015] The N-PE pole protection module comprises any one of the gap-type protection structures, wherein the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet of the gap-type protection structure are electrically connected to the N pole and the PE pole respectively.

[0016] Optionally, the contact portion of the contact sheet of the gap-type protective structure is a vertically arranged sheet-like structure, and the mounting portion of the contact sheet includes a second vertical section and a horizontal section vertically connected between the second vertical section and the contact portion and abutting against the top wall of the second through hole, the second vertical section is in contact with the graphite sheet, and the second vertical section extends downward to form a positioning sheet inserted into the positioning groove on the bottom wall of the inner shell.

[0017] A surge protector comprises any one of the live wire protection modules and / or any one of the N-PE pole protection modules.

[0018] The utility model has a gap-type protection structure in which a graphite gap assembly limitedly installed in an inner shell is composed of graphite sheets and insulating gaskets arranged alternately and abutting each other. As the main channel for surge discharge, since there are multiple gaps between the discharge channels, there is no leakage current under the operating voltage, and the continuous current interruption capability is strong. Moreover, when the first electrode sheet is installed on the left side outside the inner shell, it is in close contact with the leftmost graphite sheet. When the second electrode sheet is installed on the right side outside the inner shell, it is in contact with the contact sheet limitedly installed in the inner shell and electrically connected to the rightmost graphite sheet. The layout is compact and reasonable, and the assembly is convenient.

[0019] The live wire protection module of the utility model adopts the method of connecting multiple graphite gaps in series with tripping components, which has a large current capacity and the gaps can be broken down in sequence, so that the residual pressure is low. When an overload or short circuit occurs, the heat caused by the heat reaches the temperature of the low-temperature soldering point, and the tripping component is activated to reliably cut off the circuit of the surge protector. The short-circuit fault current is isolated by thermal tripping, achieving the purpose of safety and reliability, and preventing fire or other safety accidents.

[0020] The N-PE pole protection module of the present invention has most of the same parts as the live wire protection module, and has better economy.

[0021] The surge protector of the utility model, the combination of the live wire protection module and the N-PE pole protection module can replace most MOV type + GDT type conventional surge protectors, and has the same voltage protection level performance, while having a larger current capacity and better cost, and good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the protection module of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the hidden housing and upper half shell of the live wire protection module of the utility model in a normal state;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the live wire protection module of the present invention in a normal state;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the hidden housing and upper half shell of the live wire protection module in the thermally disconnected state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the live wire protection module of the utility model in the thermally disconnected state;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the hidden housing of the N-PE pole protection module of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the N-PE pole protection module of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the inner shell of the utility model from one perspective;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the inner shell of the utility model from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the contact piece of the live wire protection module of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push rod of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the contact piece of the N-PE pole protection module of the utility model.

[0034] Outer shell 1; inspection window 11; inner shell 2; first through hole 201; second through hole 202; screw hole 203; limiting side wall 204; first limiting groove 205; positioning groove 206; second limiting groove 207; push rod groove 208; spring groove 209; third through hole 210; upper half shell 21; lower half shell 22; first screw 23; second screw 24; first electrode sheet 3; first pin 31; second electrode sheet 4; second pin 41; avoidance hole 42; graphite gap assembly 5; graphite sheet 51; insulating gasket 52 ; Contact piece 6; Mounting portion 61; First vertical section 611; Bending section 612; Second vertical section 613; Positioning piece 614; Horizontal section 615; Contact portion 62; Third vertical section 621; Inclined section 622; Push rod 7; Spring 70; Pushing portion 71; Matching inclined surface 711; Partition portion 72; Guide rod 73; Baffle 74; Limiting column 75; Top block 76; Indicator 8; Indicator piece 81; Auxiliary system 9; Circuit board 91; Fixing protrusion 911; Support foot 912; Capacitor 92; Pin header 93. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following embodiments are combined with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the specific implementation of the gap-type protection structure, live wire protection module, N-PE pole protection module and surge protector of the present invention. The gap-type surge protector of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0036] The surge protector of this embodiment includes one or more protection modules, including a live wire protection module for LN or L-PE surge protection and an N-PE protection module for N-PE surge protection. The surge protector typically also includes a base module, which typically includes a housing and one or more pairs of wiring terminals. The wiring terminals are mounted within the housing and are intended for external connection. The protection modules are mounted on the base module housing and are electrically connected to the wiring terminals.

[0037] like Figure 1 As well as Figure 2-Figure 5 Live protection module as shown or Figure 6-Figure 7The N-PE pole protection module shown, the live wire protection module and the N-PE pole protection module of this embodiment both include a gap-type protection structure. The gap-type protection structure comprises an outer shell 1, an inner shell 2 housed within the outer shell 1, a graphite gap assembly 5 positionally mounted within the inner shell 2, a contact piece 6, and first and second electrode pieces 3 and 4, respectively secured to the exterior of the inner shell 2 and having different electrical properties. The first electrode piece 3 has a first pin 31 extending from the outer shell 1 for plugging into a terminal block on the base module. The second electrode piece 4 has a second pin 41 extending from the outer shell 1 for plugging into a terminal block on the base module. The graphite gap assembly 5 includes a plurality of graphite sheets 51 arranged in an interval and an insulating spacer 52 attached between portions of two adjacent graphite sheets 51. The other portions of the two adjacent graphite sheets 51 are separated by an isolation gap. The inner shell 2 is provided with a first through hole 201 and a second through hole 202, respectively located on either side of the inner shell 2 and opposite the two outermost graphite sheets 51. The outermost graphite sheet 51 (the leftmost graphite sheet 51 in the figure) is located within the first through hole 201 and attached to the first electrode sheet 3. The contact sheet 6 includes a mounting portion 61 electrically connected to the outermost graphite sheet 51 (the rightmost graphite sheet 51 in the figure) and fixedly mounted within the inner shell 2, and a contact portion 62 extending through the second through hole 202. The contact portion 62 is welded to the second electrode sheet 4 via a heat-fusible weld. In this embodiment, the contact portion 62 is welded to the second electrode sheet 4 using low-temperature solder to form the heat-fusible weld. In the gap-type protection structure of this embodiment, the graphite gap assembly 5, which is limitedly installed in the inner shell 2, is composed of graphite sheets 51 and insulating gaskets 52 that are alternately arranged. As the main channel for surge discharge, since there are multiple gaps between the discharge channels, there is no leakage current under the operating voltage, and the continuous current interruption capability is strong. Moreover, when the first electrode sheet 3 is installed on the left side outside the inner shell 2, it is closely attached to the leftmost graphite sheet 51. When the second electrode sheet 4 is installed on the right side outside the inner shell 2, it is attached to the contact sheet 6 that is limitedly installed in the inner shell 2 and electrically connected to the rightmost graphite sheet 51. The layout is compact and reasonable, and assembly is convenient.

[0038] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown or Figure 6-Figure 7As shown, the fixing structure of the first electrode sheet 3 and the second electrode sheet 4 of this embodiment, the first electrode sheet 3 is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell 2 by a first screw 23, and the second electrode sheet 4 is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell 2 by a second screw 24. The inner shell 2 is provided with a screw hole 203 that passes through the inner shell 2. The first screw 23 and the second screw 24 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the screw hole 203, and there is a sufficient insulating gap between the first screw 23 and the second screw 24 to prevent a short circuit between the first electrode sheet 3 and the second electrode sheet 4. The two electrode sheets are fixed to the two outer sides of the inner shell 2 by screws, and the graphite gap assembly 5 and the contact sheet 6 between the two electrode sheets are clamped to ensure that the components between the two electrode sheets are not loose and the consistency of the isolation gap of the graphite gap assembly 5 is maintained. The number of screw holes 203, first screws 23 and second screws 24 in this embodiment is the same, and multiple screws can be provided. Preferably, four screws are provided and distributed in four corners to ensure stable and firm installation.

[0039] like Figure 9 As shown, the limiting installation structure of the graphite gap assembly 5 of this embodiment, the inner shell 2 is provided with a limiting side wall 204 that fits the contour edge of the graphite sheet 51, and the limiting side wall 204 is provided with a first limiting groove 205, and the protruding portion of the insulating gasket 52 protruding from the graphite sheet 51 is placed in the first limiting groove 205. The limiting structure of the graphite gap assembly 5 is simple, which is convenient for installation and stable and reliable. Preferably, the graphite sheet 51 is a circular sheet, and the limiting side wall 204 is an arc-shaped wall body; the insulating gasket 52 is a circular ring sheet, and the first limiting groove 205 is an arc-shaped groove. The structure of the graphite sheet 51 and the insulating gasket 52 is simple, and the manufacturing process is simple, which reduces the use cost of the surge protector.

[0040] like Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, the inner shell 2 comprises an upper shell 21 and a lower shell 22 that overlap each other. The lower end of the sidewall of the upper shell 21 is provided with a fixing groove (not shown), and the upper end of the sidewall of the lower shell 22 is provided with a fixing post (not shown) that snaps into the fixing groove. The fixing groove and the fixing post secure the upper and lower shells 21 and 22 together, making installation simple and secure. Of course, other fasteners or other fixing methods can also be used to secure the upper and lower shells 21 and 22.

[0041] like Figure 2-Figure 5As shown, the live wire protection module of this embodiment also includes a trip assembly. The first electrode piece 3 and the second electrode piece 4 of the gap-type protection structure of this embodiment are electrically connected to the L pole and the N pole respectively to realize surge protection of the LN pole, or the first electrode piece 3 and the second electrode piece 4 are electrically connected to the L pole and the PE pole respectively to realize surge protection of the L-PE pole. The contact piece 6 of the gap-type protection structure of this embodiment is an elastic structure. The trip assembly includes a push rod 7 that is movably arranged outside the inner shell 2 of the gap-type protection structure and a spring 70 connected between the push rod 7 and the inner shell 2. The push rod 7 includes a pushing portion 71 and a partition portion 72 for blocking the contact portion 62 of the contact piece 6 after thermal separation and the second electrode piece 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, when the contact portion 62 of the contact sheet 6 is welded to the second electrode sheet 4, the contact portion 62 acts on the pushing portion 71 of the push rod 7 to make the push rod 7 block the spring 70 from recovering its deformation; Figure 5 As shown, after the welded portion of the gap-type protection structure is thermally melted, the push rod 7 releases the spring 70. The push rod 7 moves under the elastic force of the spring 70, pushing the contact portion 62 of the contact piece 6 to deform and disengage from the second electrode piece 4 until the partition portion 72 is blocked between the contact portion 62 of the contact piece 6 and the second electrode piece 4. The live wire protection module of this embodiment utilizes multiple graphite gap trip assemblies connected in series. This provides a large current capacity, allowing the gaps to be sequentially broken down, resulting in a low residual voltage. When an overload or short circuit occurs, causing heat to reach the temperature of the low-temperature solder joint (weld), the trip assembly activates to reliably disconnect the surge protector circuit, isolating the short-circuit fault current through thermal tripping, achieving safety and reliability, and preventing fires or other safety incidents.

[0042] Of course, as other embodiments, the live wire protection module of this embodiment may not be provided with a trip assembly when the intermittent current requirement is not high or the number of isolation gaps (i.e., the number of graphite sheets 51 and insulating gaskets 52) is increased, so as to reduce costs or increase the breaking current and achieve the same technical purpose.

[0043] like Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the matching structure between the contact piece 6 and the push rod 7 of this embodiment, the contact portion 62 of the contact piece 6 includes a third vertical section 621 for welding with the second electrode piece 4 and an inclined section 622 connected between the third vertical section 621 and the mounting portion 61, and the inclined section 622 is inclined in the direction close to the second electrode piece 4; the spring 70 is preferably a compression spring; the pushing portion 71 of the push rod 7 is a frame structure, and the inner side of the bottom edge of the pushing portion 71 is provided with a matching inclined surface 711, the contact portion 62 extends into the pushing portion 71 and the inclined section 622 presses on the matching inclined surface 711 of the push rod 7 to prevent the push rod 7 from recovering the deformation of the spring 70, and at the same time, due to the action of the spring 70, the matching inclined surface 711 of the push rod 7 presses against the inclined section 622 of the contact piece 6, giving the contact piece 6 a counterclockwise deformation tendency. The force for the push rod 7 to bounce up comes from the compression spring, which facilitates assembly and provides a larger stroke of the push rod 7, thereby achieving greater safety. The opening formed by the third vertical section 621 and the inclined section 622 of the contact piece 6 is a V-shaped structure facing away from the second electrode piece 4. During thermal disengagement, the matching inclined surface 711 of the push rod 7 moves along the inclined section 622, pushing the contact piece 6 to deform and separate from the second electrode piece 4, so that the contact piece 6 and the second electrode piece 4 are separated further.

[0044] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, the partition portion 72 of the push rod 7 is a vertical plate structure integrally connected to the pushing portion 71. The partition portion 72 extends downward to form a guide rod 73. A baffle 74 is provided on the outer side of the partition portion 72, and a limiting post 75 is provided on the bottom surface of the baffle 74. The second electrode sheet 4 is provided with an escape hole 42 for avoiding the baffle 74. The outer side of the inner shell 2 is provided with a push rod groove 208 that slides up and down with the push rod 7 and a spring groove 209 for limiting the spring 70. One end of the spring 70 is sleeved on the limiting post 75 of the push rod 7 and abuts the bottom surface of the baffle 74. The other end of the spring 70 is limited in the spring groove 209.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the mounting portion 61 of the contact piece 6 includes a first vertical section 611 that is in contact with the graphite sheet 51 and is confined between the graphite sheet 51 and the side wall of the inner shell 2, and a bent section 612 that is integrally connected between the bottom end of the first vertical section 611 and the bottom end of the inclined section 622 of the contact portion 62. The bent section 612 is preferably a J-shaped structure, with the bent bottom of the bent section 612 confined within the second limiting groove 207 on the bottom wall of the inner shell 2. Preferably, the contact piece 6 includes a mounting portion 61 and two contact portions 62. The mounting portion 61 includes a first vertical section 611 and two spaced-apart bent sections 612, each of which is connected to the inclined section 622 of the contact portion 62.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the fire protection module of this embodiment further includes an indicator 8, one end of which is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell 2, and the other end of which is an indicator sheet 81 that is blocked between the top block 76 at the top of the push rod 7 and the inspection window 11 of the outer shell 1. The indicator sheet 81 is provided with an indicator mark. Figure 3 As shown, the indicator 8 is a horizontally arranged sheet structure, one end of which is attached to the top surface of the inner shell 2, and the indicator sheet 81 at the other end protrudes from the inner shell 2 and is located above the top block 76 of the push rod 7. At this time, the top block 76 of the push rod 7 is blocked by the indicator sheet 81, and the indicator sheet 81 is visible in the inspection window 11. Figure 5 As shown, after the weld is melted, push rod 7 moves upward, causing top block 76 of push rod 7 to push indicator piece 81 of indicator member 8 to bend and displace with inspection window 11. This causes top block 76 of push rod 7 to face inspection window 11, and top block 76 is now visible through inspection window 11. The indicator mark can be one or a combination of color, numbers, text, or patterns. For example, indicator piece 81 of indicator member 8 can be printed green to indicate the normal state of the surge protector; setting push rod 7 to red indicates the thermal disengagement state of the surge protector, providing a fault indication and prompting prompt replacement of the surge protector.

[0047] like Figure 2-Figure 5As shown, the live wire protection module of this embodiment also includes an auxiliary system 9 for forming a capacitor auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary system 9 includes a circuit board 91 disposed outside the inner shell 2, a capacitor 92 disposed on the circuit board 91, and a pin header 93. The pin header 93 passes through the third through hole 210 of the inner shell 2 and is electrically connected to the graphite sheet 51. Specifically, the circuit board 91 of the auxiliary system 9 is mounted on the second electrode sheet 4 and placed on the top surface of the inner shell 2. The side edges of the circuit board 91 are provided with fixing protrusions 911 that engage with the fixing holes on the second electrode sheet 4. The circuit board 91 is also provided with supporting feet 912 for placement on the top surface of the inner shell 2, creating a gap between the circuit board 91 and the top surface of the inner shell 2 for accommodating the indicator 8. The second electrode sheet 4 secures the circuit board 91, while the inner shell 2 supports the circuit board 91, facilitating assembly. The auxiliary system 9 comprises two rows of capacitors 92 on either side of the top surface of a circuit board 91, and two rows of pin headers 93 on either side of the bottom surface of the circuit board 91. Each row of capacitors 92 contains the same number of pin headers 93 as each row of pin headers 93. Opposite pin headers 93 in two rows of pin headers 93 are electrically connected to the edges of a single graphite sheet 51. In this embodiment, the live wire protection module and the graphite gap assembly 5, under the action of the auxiliary system 9, effectively reduce the startup voltage, achieving a lower voltage protection level. This minimizes the impact on the protected equipment and provides excellent protection. Furthermore, the auxiliary system 9 is simple to manufacture, reducing the cost of the surge protector, and its layout is rational, facilitating easy assembly.

[0048] It should be noted that all graphite sheets 51 are connected to a common reference potential via capacitors 92, using capacitors of the same specifications. The choice of capacitor value is dependent on the circuit capacitance, overvoltage peak, and the safety level of the gap-type protection structure. When there are no abnormalities, the graphite gaps (i.e., isolation gaps) are connected in series, and their total breakdown voltage is far greater than the maximum continuous operating voltage, so the graphite gaps do not operate.

[0049] When an abnormality such as a lightning strike occurs, the first-level graphite gap breaks down first. Because the capacitor bank connected to it discharges smoothly, the voltage at the first level is clamped. If the voltage remains higher than the breakdown voltage of a single graphite gap, the next-level graphite gap breaks down again, and so on until the last-level discharge gap. Because the impedance of the path after the graphite sheet breaks down is lower than the impedance of the capacitor bank, the majority of the current flows through the graphite gap.

[0050] The multi-stage graphite gaps of the graphite gap assembly 5 plus the capacitor group of the auxiliary system 9 can reduce the starting voltage, and the transient overvoltage during the reversing operation will not trigger the device. If the energy of the overvoltage signal is not enough to break through all the graphite gaps, the voltage will also be limited to a safe voltage.

[0051] like Figure 6 and Figure 7In the N-PE pole protection module shown, the first electrode sheet 3 and the second electrode sheet 4 of the gap-type protection structure of this embodiment are electrically connected to the N pole and the PE pole respectively to realize surge protection of the N-PE pole. The N-PE pole protection module is common to most parts of the live wire protection module (outer shell 1, inner shell 2, graphite sheet 51, insulating gasket 52, first electrode sheet 3 and second electrode sheet 4), which has better economy. Since the N line is usually not charged or the voltage is very small, the N-PE pole protection module can adopt fewer isolation gaps than the live wire protection module, such as two isolation gaps (i.e., a graphite gap assembly 5 composed of three graphite sheets 51 and two insulating gaskets 52) for protection to effectively block the continuous current, and there is no need to set a trip assembly. Moreover, since the number of isolation gaps is small, the residual pressure is not large, and there is no need to set an auxiliary system 9.

[0052] like Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the contact portion 62 of the contact sheet 6 of the gap-type protective structure of this embodiment is a vertically arranged sheet-like structure. The mounting portion 61 of the contact sheet 6 includes a second vertical section 613 and a horizontal section 615 vertically connected between the second vertical section 613 and the contact portion 62 and abutting against the top wall of the second through hole 202. The second vertical section 613 is in contact with the graphite sheet 51, and the second vertical section 613 extends downward to form a positioning groove 206 ( Figure 9 ) within the positioning piece 614.

[0053] The surge protector of this embodiment, the live wire protection module and the N-PE pole protection module combined can replace most MOV (metal oxide varistor) type + GDT (gas discharge tube) type surge protectors, and has the same voltage protection level performance, while having a larger current capacity and better cost, and good economic benefits.

[0054] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are conventionally placed directions or positional relationships during use. They are intended solely for ease of description and do not imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely for distinction and description and should not be construed as indicating relative importance.

[0055] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Gap type protection structure, characterized by: The invention comprises an outer shell (1), an inner shell (2) installed in the outer shell (1), a graphite gap assembly (5) limitedly installed in the inner shell (2), a contact sheet (6), a first electrode sheet (3) and a second electrode sheet (4) respectively fixed on two sides of the outer shell (2) and having different electrical properties, wherein the first electrode sheet (3) has a first pin (31) extending out of the outer shell (1), and the second electrode sheet (4) has a second pin (41) extending out of the outer shell (1); the graphite gap assembly (5) comprises a plurality of graphite sheets (51) arranged at intervals and an insulating gasket (52) attached between a portion of two adjacent graphite sheets (51), wherein the adjacent two graphite sheets (51) are provided with a plurality of graphite sheets (51) arranged at intervals and an insulating gasket (52) attached between a portion of two adjacent graphite sheets (51); An isolation gap is provided between the other parts of the graphite sheets (51); the inner shell (2) is provided with a first through hole (201) and a second through hole (202) respectively located on both sides of the inner shell (2) and opposite to the two outermost graphite sheets (51); the outermost graphite sheet (51) is located in the first through hole (201) and is in contact with the first electrode sheet (3); the contact sheet (6) comprises a mounting portion (61) electrically connected to the outermost graphite sheet (51) and positionally mounted in the inner shell (2); and a contact portion (62) passing through the second through hole (202); the contact portion (62) is welded to the second electrode sheet (4) via a heat-meltable welding portion.

2. The gap-type protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode sheet (3) is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell (2) by a first screw (23), and the second electrode sheet (4) is fixed to the outer side of the inner shell (2) by a second screw (24); the inner shell (2) is provided with a screw hole (203) penetrating the inner shell (2); the first screw (23) and the second screw (24) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the screw hole (203), and an insulating gap is provided between the first screw (23) and the second screw (24).

3. The gap-type protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting side wall (204) is provided in the inner shell (2) and is fitted with the contour edge of the graphite sheet (51). A first limiting groove (205) is provided on the limiting side wall (204). The protruding portion of the insulating gasket (52) protruding from the graphite sheet (51) is placed in the first limiting groove (205).

4. The gap-type protective structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The graphite sheet (51) is a circular sheet, and the limiting side wall (204) is an arc-shaped wall body; the insulating gasket (52) is a circular ring sheet, and the first limiting groove (205) is an arc-shaped groove.

5. The gap-type protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner shell (2) comprises an upper half shell (21) and a lower half shell (22) that cover each other. A fixing groove is provided on the bottom end of the side wall of the upper half shell (21), and a fixing column is provided on the top end of the side wall of the lower half shell (22) that is inserted into the fixing groove.

6. Firewire protection module, characterized by: The invention comprises a trip assembly and a gap-type protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first electrode sheet (3) and the second electrode sheet (4) of the gap-type protective structure are electrically connected to the L pole and the N pole respectively or to the L pole and the PE pole respectively, the contact sheet (6) of the gap-type protective structure is an elastic structure, the trip assembly comprises a push rod (7) movably arranged outside the inner shell (2) of the gap-type protective structure and a spring (70) connected between the push rod (7) and the inner shell (2), the push rod (7) comprises a pushing portion (71) and a partition portion (72) for blocking between the contact portion (62) of the contact sheet (6) after thermal separation and the second electrode sheet (4), and when the contact portion (62) of the contact sheet (6) is welded to the second electrode sheet (4), the contact portion (62) acts on the pushing portion (71) of the push rod (7) to make the push rod (7) block the spring (70) from recovering its deformation.

7. The live wire protection module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contact portion (62) of the contact sheet (6) includes a third vertical section (621) for welding with the second electrode sheet (4) and an inclined section (622) connected between the third vertical section (621) and the mounting portion (61), and the inclined section (622) is inclined in a direction close to the second electrode sheet (4); the spring (70) is a compression spring; the pushing portion (71) is a frame structure, and a matching inclined surface (711) is provided on the inner side of the bottom edge of the pushing portion (71); the contact portion (62) extends into the pushing portion (71) and the inclined section (622) presses on the matching inclined surface (711) of the push rod (7), so that the push rod (7) blocks the spring (70) from recovering its deformation.

8. The live wire protection module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting portion (61) of the contact sheet (6) comprises a first vertical section (611) that is in contact with the graphite sheet (51) and is limited between the graphite sheet (51) and the side wall of the inner shell (2), and a bent section (612) connected between the bottom end of the first vertical section (611) and the bottom end of the contact portion (62), wherein the bent bottom of the bent section (612) is limited within a second limiting groove (207) on the bottom wall of the inner shell (2).

9. The live wire protection module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes an indicator member (8), one end of which is fixed on the outer side of the inner shell (2), and the other end of which is an indicator sheet (81) which is blocked between a top block (76) at the top end of the push rod (7) and an inspection window (11) of the outer shell (1), and the indicator sheet (81) is provided with an indicator mark; after the welding portion of the gap-type protective structure is thermally melted, the top block (76) pushes the indicator sheet (81) and the inspection window (11) to be dislocated.

10. The live wire protection module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes an auxiliary system (9), wherein the auxiliary system (9) includes a circuit board (91) arranged outside the inner shell (2), a capacitor (92) and a pin header (93) arranged on the circuit board (91), and the pin header (93) passes through the third through hole (210) of the inner shell (2) and is electrically connected to the graphite sheet (51). 11.N-PE pole protection module, characterized by: The invention comprises the gap-type protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first electrode sheet (3) and the second electrode sheet (4) of the gap-type protective structure are electrically connected to the N pole and the PE pole respectively.

12. The N-PE pole protection module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The contact portion (62) of the contact sheet (6) of the gap-type protective structure is a vertically arranged sheet-like structure. The mounting portion (61) of the contact sheet (6) includes a second vertical section (613) and a horizontal section (615) vertically connected between the second vertical section (613) and the contact portion (62) and abutting against the top wall of the second through hole (202). The second vertical section (613) is in contact with the graphite sheet (51), and the second vertical section (613) extends downward to form a positioning sheet (614) inserted into the positioning groove (206) on the bottom wall of the inner shell (2).

13. Surge protector, characterized in that: It comprises the live wire protection module according to any one of claims 6 to 10 and / or the N-PE pole protection module according to claim 11 or 12.

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