Rectification-free alternating current machine
By using a non-rectifier AC mechanical structure and a special connection between the excitation transformer and the armature winding, the problem that existing AC mechanical systems cannot flexibly adjust the speed and output excitation power frequency is solved, thus achieving the effects of speed regulation and rotational electromotive force output.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202390000509.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing AC machinery cannot flexibly adjust the speed and output a rotational electromotive force with the same frequency as the excitation power supply without commutators and brushes.
It adopts a non-rectifier AC mechanical structure, including a stator, a salient-pole rotor, an armature, a salient-pole inductor, and an excitation transformer. The excitation power is input to the excitation winding through the excitation transformer. By utilizing the special connection method between the excitation transformer and the armature winding, the phase adjustment of the current and magnetic field is achieved, avoiding the use of commutators and brushes.
It achieves flexible speed adjustment of non-rectifier AC machinery and rotational electromotive force output with the same frequency as the excitation power supply. It has a simple structure, few faults, and is suitable for series or parallel connection of multi-phase non-rectifier AC machinery.
Smart Images
Figure CN223378951U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a non-commutation machine, in particular to a non-commutation AC machine which has neither a commutator nor an electric brush nor an electronic commutation device and does not perform rectification in the armature coil. Background Art
[0002] AC machinery can be divided into asynchronous motors, synchronous motors and AC commutator motors.
[0003] Asynchronous motors have no commutator or brushes and are therefore simple in structure and less prone to failure, but they can only flexibly adjust their speed by changing the voltage-frequency.
[0004] Although synchronous motors do not have commutators, they can only adjust their speed by changing the frequency.
[0005] When used as a motor, the AC commutator machine relies on voltage to flexibly adjust the speed. When used as a generator, it can output a rotating electromotive force with the same frequency as the excitation power supply regardless of the speed. However, it has a commutator and brushes.
[0006] So far, there has been no AC machine in the world that has neither a commutator and brushes like an asynchronous motor nor an electronic rectifier, but can still flexibly adjust the speed by voltage and can output a rotating electromotive force with the same frequency as the excitation power supply regardless of the speed.
[0007] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a new type of AC machine - a commutator-free AC machine, which has no commutator and brushes, and no electronic rectifier device, but can still flexibly adjust the speed by voltage, and can also output a rotating electromotive force with the same frequency as the excitation power supply regardless of the speed. Utility Model Content
[0008] The utility model relates to a non-rectifier AC machine which has neither a commutator nor an electric brush nor an electronic rectifier device and does not perform rectification on the armature coil.
[0009] The present invention provides a non-rectifier AC machine, comprising: a stator, on which a primary winding of an excitation transformer is wound, the primary winding of the excitation transformer having a pair of AC power input terminals; a salient-pole rotor, which rotates inside the stator, and on which a secondary winding of the excitation transformer is wound respectively on each salient pole of the salient-pole rotor, and the excitation transformer inputs excitation power to the excitation winding; an armature, on which an armature winding is inserted, and the armature winding has a pair of AC power input and output terminals; a salient-pole inductor, which rotates inside the armature, and on which the excitation winding is wound respectively on each salient pole of the salient-pole inductor, and the excitation winding generates an excitation field; an annular casing, on which the stator and the armature are fixed; a rotating shaft, on which the salient-pole rotor and the salient-pole inductor are fixed; two bearings; two bearing covers; and a phase adjuster, which adjusts the phase of the excitation current.
[0010] The non-rectifier AC machine of the utility model is combined with the excitation transformer of a novel structure, and the excitation transformer inputs the excitation power supply to the excitation winding.
[0011] The excitation transformer is composed of the stator and the salient-pole rotor.
[0012] The stator of the excitation transformer includes a stator yoke, 2×M (M: number of pole pairs) stator salient poles protruding inward, and the primary winding of the excitation transformer. Each of the stator salient poles is wound with the primary winding of the excitation transformer with the same number of turns, wherein M is the number of pole pairs.
[0013] At this time, the primary winding of the excitation transformer has a pair of input terminals, and the connection of the primary winding causes the polarities of the stator salient poles to alternate.
[0014] The salient-pole rotor has more than 6×M salient poles, and each salient-pole rotor pole is wound with the secondary winding of the excitation transformer in the same direction, with the same resistivity and diameter, and with the same number of turns, where M is the number of pole pairs.
[0015] The armature includes an armature yoke, 2×M armature salient poles protruding inward, and the armature winding, each end of the armature salient pole has a groove, and the effective wire of the armature winding is inserted into the groove, wherein M is the number of pole pairs.
[0016] At this time, the armature windings are connected so that the directions of the currents passing through the effective conductors of the armature windings are opposite at adjacent armature salient poles.
[0017] The armature winding has a pair of AC power input and output terminals.
[0018] The salient-pole inductor has more than 6×M salient poles, and each salient pole of the salient-pole inductor is wound with the excitation winding having the same direction, the same resistivity and diameter, and the same number of turns, wherein M is the number of pole pairs.
[0019] The stator and the armature have the same number of salient poles and are fixed in series inside the annular housing, so that the corresponding stator salient poles and the armature salient poles have the same phase angle in space.
[0020] The salient-pole rotor and the salient-pole inductor have the same number of salient poles and are fixed to the same rotating shaft. The corresponding salient poles of the salient-pole rotor and the salient-pole inductor have the same spatial phase angle. Furthermore, the secondary windings and the field windings wound around the corresponding salient poles are connected in the same direction to form closed circuits. The corresponding secondary windings and field windings are electrically connected via two connecting wires.
[0021] The phase of the armature current in the non-commutated AC machine of this utility model does not reverse because the AC power supply is directly input to the armature winding without passing through brushes or an electronic commutation device. In this non-commutated AC machine of this utility model, as the rotor rotates, the phase of the excitation current passing through the field winding reverses to match the phase of the armature current via the excitation transformer as the armature salient poles rotate.
[0022] However, when the armature is considered as a reference system, the composite magnetic field generated by the salient poles of each salient-pole inductor is an alternating magnetic field that does not undergo phase reversal in space.
[0023] In this way, in the rectifierless AC machine of the present invention, when the armature is considered as a reference system, the phase of the armature current and the phase of the excitation magnetic field generated by the salient-pole inductor do not reverse, so if the two phases are adjusted to be consistent, the rotor can rotate in a certain direction.
[0024] If the non-rectifier AC machine of the present invention is connected in series or in parallel, a multi-phase non-rectifier AC machine can be made. Three non-rectifier AC machines can be connected in series to form a three-phase series non-rectifier AC machine, or three non-rectifier AC machines can be connected in parallel to form a three-phase parallel non-rectifier AC machine.
[0025] The non-rectifier AC machine of the utility model has the following advantages:
[0026] First, it has neither commutator nor brushes, nor electronic commutation device, but it can rotate.
[0027] Second, the speed can be adjusted by adjusting the armature voltage or the excitation current.
[0028] Third, a rotational electromotive force having the same frequency as the excitation power supply can be output regardless of the rotational speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the non-rectifier AC machine of the present utility model.
[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of the excitation transformer structure in a non-rectified AC machine.
[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view of the armature and salient-pole inductor structure in an uncommutated AC machine.
[0032] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the rotor structure of an embodiment of the non-commutated AC machine of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the wiring state of an embodiment of a non-rectifier AC machine of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] like Figure 1 One embodiment of the non-commutated AC machine of the present invention shown is a four-pole AC machine.
[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the non-rectifier AC machine of the present invention comprises: a stator (2), on which a primary winding (6) of an excitation transformer (1) is wound, and the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1) has a pair of AC power input terminals; a salient-pole rotor (3), which rotates inside the stator (2), and on which each salient-pole rotor (31) of the salient-pole rotor (3) is wound a secondary winding (7) of the excitation transformer (1), and the excitation transformer (1) inputs excitation power to the excitation winding (9); an armature (4), on which an armature winding (8) is inserted, and the armature winding (8) has a pair of AC The invention relates to a salient-pole inductor (5), wherein the salient-pole inductor (5) rotates on the armature (4), and the excitation winding (9) is wound on each salient pole (51) of the salient-pole inductor (5), and the excitation winding (9) generates an excitation field; an annular housing (11), wherein the stator (2) and the armature (4) are fixed on the annular housing (11); a rotating shaft (12), wherein the salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5) are fixed on the rotating shaft (12); two bearings (13); two bearing covers (14); and a phase adjuster (16), wherein the phase adjuster (16) adjusts the phase of the excitation current.
[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the stator (2) of the excitation transformer (1) includes a stator yoke (22), four stator salient poles (21) protruding inward, and the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1), and each of the stator salient poles (21) is wound with 200 turns of the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1).
[0037] At this time, the electrical connection of the primary winding (6) makes the magnetic polarities on any adjacent stator salient poles (21) opposite to each other.
[0038] The core of the stator (2) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the laminate thickness (L1) is 20 mm. The inner diameter (2×R2) of the stator (2) is 100.6 mm.
[0039] In the stator (2), a circumferential angle (β1) of one of the stator salient poles (21) is 64°.
[0040] α1 is a circumferential angle formed by the spaces between adjacent stator salient poles (21) in the stator (2).
[0041] like Figure 2As shown, the salient-pole rotor (3) has 14 salient-pole rotor poles (31), and each of the salient-pole rotor poles (31) is wound with 100 turns of the secondary winding (7) of the excitation transformer (1) in the same direction, with the same resistivity and diameter.
[0042] The core of the salient pole rotor (3) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the laminate thickness (L1) is 20 mm. The outer diameter (2×R1) of the salient pole rotor (3) is 100 mm.
[0043] The gap between the salient-pole rotor salient pole (31) and the stator salient pole (21) is a salient-pole rotor gap (17).
[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the armature (4) includes an armature yoke (42), four armature salient poles (41) protruding inward, and the armature winding (8). The armature winding (8) is inserted into the armature (4), and each end of the armature salient pole (41) has a groove (15), and the effective wire (81) of the armature winding (8) is inserted into the groove (15).
[0045] At this time, the connection of the armature winding (8) is such that the direction of the current passing through the effective conductor (81) of the armature winding (8) is opposite at any adjacent armature salient poles (41).
[0046] The armature winding (8) has a pair of AC power input and output terminals.
[0047] The circumferential angle (β2) of one of the armature salient poles (41) in the armature (4) is 64°.
[0048] α2 is a circumferential angle formed by the spaces between adjacent armature salient poles (41) in the armature (4).
[0049] The core of the armature (4) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the laminate thickness (L2) is 30 mm. The inner diameter (2×R2) of the armature (4) is 100.6 mm.
[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the salient-pole inductor (5) has 14 salient-pole inductor poles (51), and each salient-pole inductor pole (51) is wound with 100 turns of the excitation winding (9) having the same direction, the same resistivity and the same diameter.
[0051] The core of the salient-pole inductor (5) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the laminate thickness (L2) is 30 mm. The outer diameter (2×R1) of the salient-pole inductor (5) is 100 mm.
[0052] The gap between the salient pole (51) of the salient-pole-shaped inductor and the salient pole (41) of the armature is a salient-pole-shaped inductor gap (18).
[0053] γ is the circumferential angle of one salient pole in the salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5).
[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the stator (2) and the armature (4) have the same number of salient poles and are fixed in series inside the annular housing (11), so that the corresponding stator salient poles (21) and the armature salient poles (41) have the same phase angle in space.
[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5) have the same number of salient poles and are fixed to the same rotating shaft (12), so that the corresponding salient poles (31) of the salient-pole rotor and the salient poles (51) of the salient-pole inductor have the same phase angle in space, and the secondary winding (7) and the excitation winding (9) wound on the corresponding salient poles are connected to each other in the same direction to form closed circuits.
[0056] At this time, the secondary winding (7) and the excitation winding (9) corresponding to each other are connected through two connecting wires (10).
[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5) are fixed on the rotating shaft (12), and two bearings (13) and bearing covers (14) are provided on both sides thereof so as to be coaxially supported on the annular housing (11).
[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, when an AC power supply of a certain frequency is input to the input terminal of the phase adjuster (16), the primary current of the excitation transformer (1) flows through the primary winding (6), and forms the main magnetic flux of the excitation transformer (1) along the magnetic path composed of the stator salient pole (21) → the salient pole rotor gap (17) → the salient pole rotor salient pole (31) → the salient pole rotor yoke (32) → the salient pole rotor salient pole (31) → the salient pole rotor gap (17) → the stator salient pole (21) → the stator yoke (22) → the stator salient pole (21). As a result, the transformer electromotive force and the rotational electromotive force are induced in the secondary winding (7) wound on the salient pole rotor salient pole (31) under the stator salient pole (21) of the excitation transformer (1). The rotating electromotive forces thus generated are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so they cancel each other out. The transformer electromotive force is supplied to the excitation winding (9) as an excitation power source, so that the excitation current flows.
[0059] By means of an excitation current, an excitation magnetic field having the same frequency as the power supply frequency input to the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1) is formed along a magnetic circuit formed by the salient pole (51) of the salient pole inductor → the salient pole gap (18) of the salient pole inductor → the armature salient pole (41) → the armature yoke (42) → the armature salient pole (41) → the salient pole gap (18) of the salient pole inductor → the salient pole (51) of the salient pole inductor → the salient pole yoke (52) → the salient pole (51) of the salient pole inductor.
[0060] At this time, if a power supply of the same frequency as the excitation power supply is connected to the armature winding (8), and the phase of the excitation current and the armature current is aligned by the phase adjuster (16), the rotor (19) rotates in a certain direction. Conversely, if the rotor (19) is rotated in a certain direction in the excitation field, a rotational electromotive force of the same frequency as the power supply input to the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1) is induced in the armature winding (8).
[0061] If the primary winding (6) and the armature winding (8) of the excitation transformer (1) are directly connected and an AC power supply is applied, the rotor (19) rotates in a certain direction. At this time, the effective resistance of the primary winding (6) is negligibly smaller than its inductive resistance, and the sum of the effective resistances of the secondary winding (7) and the excitation winding (9) is negligibly smaller than the inductive resistance of the excitation winding (9), so that the phase difference between the excitation current and the armature current is 180°.
Claims
1. A non-rectifier AC machine, characterized in that: include: A stator (2), wherein a primary winding (6) of an excitation transformer (1) is wound on the stator (2), and the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1) has a pair of AC power input terminals; a salient-pole rotor (3), wherein the salient-pole rotor (3) rotates inside the stator (2), and a secondary winding (7) of the excitation transformer (1) is wound on each salient-pole rotor pole (31) of the salient-pole rotor (3), and the excitation transformer (1) inputs excitation power to the excitation winding (9); an armature (4), wherein an armature winding (8) is inserted into the armature (4), and the armature winding (8) has a pair of AC power input and output terminals; A salient-pole inductor (5), the salient-pole inductor (5) rotates on the armature (4), the excitation winding (9) is wound on each salient pole (51) of the salient-pole inductor (5), and the excitation winding (9) generates an excitation field; an annular housing (11), the stator (2) and the armature (4) are fixed on the annular housing (11); a rotating shaft (12), the salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5) are fixed on the rotating shaft (12); two bearings (13); two bearing covers (14); and a phase adjuster (16), the phase adjuster (16) adjusts the phase of the excitation current.
2. The non-commutated AC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (2) includes a stator yoke (22), 2×M stator salient poles (21) protruding inward, and the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1), wherein each of the stator salient poles (21) is wound with the primary winding (6) of the excitation transformer (1) with the same number of turns. Wherein, M is the number of pole pairs.
3. The non-commutated AC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salient-pole rotor (3) has more than 6×M salient-pole rotor poles (31), and each of the salient-pole rotor poles (31) is wound with the secondary winding (7) of the excitation transformer (1) in the same direction, with the same resistivity and diameter, and with the same number of turns. Wherein, M is the number of pole pairs.
4. The AC machine without commutation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The armature (4) includes an armature yoke (42), 2×M armature salient poles (41) protruding inward, and the armature winding (8). Each end of the armature salient pole (41) has a groove (15), and the armature winding (8) is inserted into the groove (15). Wherein, M is the number of pole pairs.
5. The non-commutated AC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salient-pole inductor (5) has more than 6×M salient-pole inductor salient poles (51), and each salient-pole inductor salient pole (51) is wound with the excitation winding (9) having the same direction, the same resistivity and diameter, and the same number of turns. Wherein, M is the number of pole pairs.
6. The non-commutated AC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (2) and the armature (4) have the same number of salient poles and are fixed in series inside the annular housing (11), so that the corresponding stator salient poles (21) and the armature salient poles (41) have the same phase angle in space.
7. The AC machine without commutation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salient-pole rotor (3) and the salient-pole inductor (5) have the same number of salient poles and are fixed to the same rotating shaft (12), so that the corresponding salient poles (31) of the salient-pole rotor and the salient poles (51) of the salient-pole inductor have the same phase angle in space, and the secondary winding (7) and the excitation winding (9) wound on the corresponding salient poles are connected to each other in the same direction to form closed circuits.