Casting arc surface water gap grinding machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of grinding equipment, and discloses a casting arc surface water gap grinding machine which comprises a machine frame, a grinding tool frame and a clamp, the grinding tool frame and the clamp are arranged on the machine frame, an X-Y plane moving mechanism and a vertical swing mechanism are connected between the clamp and the machine frame, and the vertical swing mechanism is fixed at the moving end of the X-Y plane moving mechanism. The clamp base is fixed to the swing end of the vertical swing mechanism, and the grinding tool frame is movably connected with a grinding component capable of ascending and descending up and down. The device can well process the water gap on the arc surface of the casting, is simpler in structure, reliable in transmission, easy to control and maintain and lower in production and manufacturing cost compared with the existing equipment, well reduces the labor intensity of workers, and improves the production efficiency. And moreover, the problem of irregular grinding of the arc surface caused by human fatigue or other negative influence factors is reduced to a great extent, and efficiency and yield improvement of small and medium-sized production enterprises is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of grinding equipment, and more precisely, discloses a casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine for casting processing. Background Art

[0002] Castings are mass-produced workpieces made by pouring molten metal into a mold and waiting for it to cool naturally. They are made according to the shape of the mold. Compared with direct cutting of metal ingots and other tool processing, cast workpieces are easy to mass-produce and have higher production efficiency. However, the accuracy of the workpiece depends on the level of mold opening. In particular, considering the thermal expansion and contraction properties of metal, the size of the mold cavity often needs to be designed within a reasonable range. However, no matter how accurate it is, the final workpiece will leave traces of the raw material injection port used to pour the mold cavity after it is cast - the sprue. Therefore, it needs to be polished before the workpiece can meet the most basic usage standards.

[0003] Generally speaking, ordinary factories usually process this type of nozzle by having workers place the workpieces one by one on a grinding machine for grinding. Advanced factories may use automated grinding equipment with more complex structures and higher production costs for targeted grinding. However, the former obviously has lower work efficiency and consumes human resources, while the cost of the latter is relatively high compared to the nozzle processing step. It is impossible for ordinary factories to spend such money to purchase large-scale automatic equipment specifically for grinding nozzles.

[0004] Furthermore, considering the final effect of pouring, especially to avoid the formation of a large number of water marks after pouring and cooling, the sprue is generally set on the plane of the casting. In rare cases, the sprue of some castings with arc surfaces will be set on the arc surface that meets the standard perfect circle. In this way, the remaining sprue is in a state that is not easy to grind on the horizontal reciprocating grinding equipment. If it is polished manually, the polishing quality can be guaranteed when the number is small, but when the number is large, it is a test of the worker's concentration. If the attention is not focused, it is very likely that the polishing will cause the arc surface of the workpiece to be lacking meat.

[0005] Therefore, specifically for this situation, how to reasonably design a device that can process water nozzles on arc surfaces without significantly increasing the equipment R&D costs and operating costs has certain practical significance for general small and medium-sized processing enterprises. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the technical defects existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine, which solves the above technical problems and meets the actual needs. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine includes a frame and a grinding tool frame and a clamp arranged on the frame, the clamp includes a clamp seat and a pneumatic clamp arranged on the clamp seat and driven by a servo air source, an XY plane moving mechanism and a vertical swing mechanism are connected between the clamp and the frame, the XY plane moving mechanism is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism fixed on the frame and a Y-axis moving mechanism arranged on the moving end of the X-axis moving mechanism, the vertical swing mechanism is fixed on the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, the clamp seat is fixed on the swing end of the vertical swing mechanism, a grinding component that can be lifted up and down is movably connected to the grinding tool frame, and the grinding component is connected to the output end of a lifting mechanism arranged on the frame.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the vertical swing mechanism comprises at least a clamp swing base connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a vertical swing shaft of a fixed clamp hinged on the clamp swing base, and a swing servo motor that is transmission-connected to the vertical swing shaft and also fixedly connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism. The axial direction of the vertical swing shaft is parallel to the movement direction of the X-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor horizontally hinged on the frame, a lifting rod transmission-connected to the output end of the lifting motor, and a connecting rod hinged to the output end of the lifting rod. The connecting rod is fixed on the polishing component perpendicular to the lifting rod, and the reciprocating motion of the lifting rod drives the polishing component to perform lifting and lowering motion.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the grinding component is composed of a grinding base fixedly connected to the connecting rod, a grinding motor and a grinding wheel arranged on the grinding base, and a transmission belt connected between the grinding motor and the grinding wheel.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the grinding base is further provided with a balancing arm, one end of the balancing arm is hinged to the grinding wheel, and the other end is hinged to a driven wheel, and an annular sanding belt is sleeved between the grinding wheel and the driven wheel.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the driven wheel are provided with engaging teeth, the engaging teeth are straight teeth or oblique teeth, and the inner surface of the sand belt is in contact with the engaging teeth.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, any two of the axial directions of the grinding wheel, the axial direction of the output shaft of the grinding motor and the axial direction of the swinging direction of the vertical swinging mechanism are parallel.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] This solution has relatively reasonable and beneficial technical effects for castings with arc surfaces and water nozzles located exactly on the arc surfaces. To be precise, compared with existing equipment, this solution has a simpler structure, a reliable transmission method, is easy to operate and maintain, and has a low production cost. It greatly reduces the labor intensity caused by workers' repetitive work, and greatly reduces the problem of irregular arc surface grinding caused by human fatigue or other negative factors. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve efficiency and increase production of small and medium-sized production enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine described in the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the vertical swing mechanism of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the utility model.

[0019] Among them: frame 1, grinding tool frame 2, grinding component 21, grinding base 210, grinding motor 211, grinding wheel 212, transmission belt 213, balance arm 214, driven wheel 215, sanding belt 216, clamp 3, clamp seat 30, pneumatic clamp 31, XY plane moving mechanism 4, X-axis moving mechanism 40, Y-axis moving mechanism 41, vertical swing mechanism 5, clamp swing base 50, vertical swing axis 51, swing servo motor 52, lifting mechanism 6, lifting motor 60, lifting rod 61, connecting rod 62. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and relevant embodiments. The implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention involves relevant necessary components in this technical field, which should be regarded as common knowledge in this technical field and can be known and mastered by technical personnel in this technical field.

[0021] Combine Figures 1 to 3As shown, a casting arc surface gate grinding machine includes a frame 1 and a grinding tool frame 2 and a clamp 3 arranged on the frame 1, the clamp 3 includes a clamp seat 30 and a pneumatic clamp 31 arranged on the clamp seat 30 and driven by a servo air source, an XY plane moving mechanism 4 and a vertical swing mechanism 5 are connected between the clamp 3 and the frame 1, the XY plane moving mechanism 4 is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism 40 fixed on the frame 1 and a Y-axis moving mechanism 41 arranged on the moving end of the X-axis moving mechanism 40, the vertical swing mechanism 5 is fixed on the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 41, the clamp seat 30 is fixed on the swing end of the vertical swing mechanism 5, and a grinding component 21 that can be lifted up and down is movably connected to the grinding tool frame 2, and the grinding component 21 is connected to the output end of a lifting mechanism 6 arranged on the frame 1.

[0022] In the present invention, the grinding component 21 that performs the grinding operation is connected to the mold frame 2, and is driven by the lifting mechanism 6 to perform the up and down lifting action. Generally speaking, the lifting action can be realized by a pure linear servo mechanism such as a screw motor or a linear servo motor, or the corresponding action can be realized by an elevator. Considering that the processing of the water nozzle usually does not have too much processing stroke (≤5mm), the circular motion and linear motion within the range of a very small arc length are similar. Therefore, within this stroke range, the up and down swinging form can actually be regarded as a form of equivalent linear motion. At this time, only the planar displacement of the XY plane moving mechanism 4 needs to be adjusted to basically replace the action effect of the linear drive mechanism.

[0023] In the present invention, unlike surface grinding, the arc surface sprue grinding it targets is different. Since the sprue and the casting surface are not in a plane, if a straight line cutting method is adopted rashly, it is bound to cause the problem of lack of meat on the workpiece surface. If the grinding mechanism is allowed to perform arc trajectory motion, this puts forward higher complexity requirements for the action mechanism, because this will require the grinding actuator to have the ability of XYZ three-axis motion at the same time. However, the present invention does not choose this technical route, but uses the XY plane machine moving mechanism 4 to realize the movement of the XY axis, and the vertical swing mechanism 5 that is only responsible for completing the Z-axis reciprocating arc swing drives the clamp 3 to perform an arc motion relative to the grinding component 21. In this way, the casting clamped by the clamp 3 can also achieve the technical effect of arc grinding without the need for the grinding actuator to have a complex motion mechanism.

[0024] Among them, although not pointed out in detail in the present invention, the XY plane moving mechanism 4, X-axis moving mechanism 40, and Y-axis moving mechanism 41 involved in the present invention are no different from the linear servo drive structure in the prior art, and achieve the same or similar effects. Therefore, those skilled in the art can appropriately select reasonable similar structures based on resource conditions to achieve the same or similar technical effects as the XY plane moving mechanism 4, X-axis moving mechanism 40, and Y-axis moving mechanism 41 of the present invention, and ultimately achieve comparable results.

[0025] In general, compared with the existing complex equipment, the present invention has a simpler overall structure. In addition to the common frame 1, mold frame 2 and clamp 3, no additional structures are added. Instead, the additional structure is composed of an XY plane moving mechanism 4 that drives the clamp 3 to perform horizontal displacement in the XY plane and cooperates with the mold frame 2 to grind the workpiece, and a lifting mechanism 6 that drives the mold frame 2 to move up and down so that the grinding component 21 on the mold frame 2 can grind the casting surface from top to bottom. In order to meet the needs of gate grinding on the arc surface, in order to prevent the grinding component 21 performing the grinding operation from achieving the arc motion through a complex structure, a vertical swing mechanism 5 that allows the workpiece to perform a simpler arc swinging motion is designed in the present invention. Since the structural complexity requirements for the workpiece to swing are relatively low, and there is no need to consider the obvious influence of the swinging speed or motion amplitude on the grinding effect of the workpiece surface, the additional structure for swinging the workpiece is obviously less difficult than adding an arc motion structure to the grinding component 21 performing the processing.

[0026] In view of the above situation, compared with the existing common structure for grinding, the present invention does not have other actuators for realizing workpiece displacement or processing, and the overall structural complexity is obviously lower. This is because compared with the existing equipment, the present invention is more targeted at a single situation and has a clearer design purpose. Ultimately, the technical solution of the present invention can effectively achieve the technical purpose of more efficiently and in batches processing the residual water outlets on the arc surface of castings within a reasonable cost range.

[0027] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one of the better embodiments of the present utility model, the vertical swing mechanism 5 comprises at least a clamp swing base 50 connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 41, a vertical swing shaft 51 for fixing the clamp 3 hinged on the clamp swing base 50, and a swing servo motor 52 which is transmission-connected to the vertical swing shaft 51 and also fixedly connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism 41. The axial direction of the vertical swing shaft 51 is parallel to the movement direction of the X-axis moving mechanism 40 or the Y-axis moving mechanism 1.

[0028] In order to realize the circular swing of the clamp 3, the combination of the above-mentioned simple structures is utilized. As long as the casting in the clamped state of the clamp 3 can extend beyond the clamp swing base 50 and contact the actuator of the polishing component 21, the casting can perform a standard circular motion relative to the polishing component 21. The polishing component 21 can polish the sprue marks on the circular arc surface of the casting very well without the support of complex motion, and can realize the sprue polishing of the circular arc surface of the casting without the problem of missing meat by reasonably controlling the polishing amount. Among them, the swing servo motor 52 adopts a servo structure, which can well control the amplitude and speed of the motor's back and forth swinging, which is helpful to refine the sprue polishing of the casting workpiece.

[0029] One of the better embodiments of the present invention, the lifting mechanism 6 includes a lifting motor 60 horizontally hinged on the frame 1, a lifting rod 61 connected to the output end of the lifting motor 60, and a connecting rod 62 hinged to the output end of the lifting rod 61. The connecting rod 62 is fixed on the grinding component 21 perpendicular to the lifting rod, and the grinding component 21 is driven by the reciprocating motion of the lifting rod 41 to perform lifting motion. This embodiment is for the main technical solution, and a swing-type lifting scheme with a simpler structure but adapted to the smaller grinding stroke of the present invention is selected. The lifting motor 60 and the lifting rod are used to connect the lifting mechanism 60 and the lifting rod 61. The transmission connection of the lowering rod 61 - generally adopts a worm gear combination or a servo pneumatic and hydraulic method - realizes the linear reciprocating motion of the lifting rod, and then converts the linear motion into a wave-like motion in a swinging state by the hinge point, thereby driving the grinding component 21 to swing up and down in the vertical direction around a hinge point of the grinding frame 2. Within a very small stroke range, with the assistance of the XY-axis moving mechanism 4, this swing can be regarded as an equivalent action to linear lifting, but the structure is simpler and more ingenious than the linear servo mechanism, and the lifting motor 60 preferably adopts a servo motor, and the transmission accuracy is also good.

[0030] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, as a further preference of the previous embodiment, the grinding component 21 is composed of a grinding base 210 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 62, a grinding motor 211 and a grinding wheel 212 arranged on the grinding base 210, and a transmission belt 213 connected between the grinding motor 211 and the grinding wheel 212. The above structure constitutes a reasonable driving structure for the grinding wheel 212, and is adapted to the swinging and lifting processing environment. The structure is relatively stable and the processing difficulty is low. The grinding motor 211 can continuously rotate to drive the grinding wheel 212 to achieve grinding action.

[0031] Reference Figure 1As shown, as a further preference of the previous embodiment, the grinding base 210 is further provided with a balancing arm 214, one end of the balancing arm 214 is hinged by a grinding wheel 212, and the other end is hinged to a driven wheel 215, and an annular sanding belt 216 is sleeved between the grinding wheel 212 and the driven wheel 215. Compared with the previous embodiment, the preferred grinding part of this embodiment is the sanding belt 216, while the previous embodiment can be a grinding wheel. Since the sanding belt 216 is used in this embodiment, the entire grinding component 21 can have a better mechanical balance layout, which is conducive to the lifting mechanism 6 to perform more precise and efficient actions, so that the grinding accuracy can be reasonably guaranteed.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 As shown, as a further preference of the previous embodiment, the surfaces of the grinding wheel 212 and the driven wheel 215 are provided with engaging teeth, and the engaging teeth are straight teeth or oblique teeth. The inner surface of the sanding belt 216 fits with the engaging teeth. For the sanding belt 216, this structure can improve the transmission stability of the sanding belt 216, so that the grinding effect is well guaranteed.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 As shown, one of the better embodiments of the present invention, the axial direction of the grinding wheel 212, the axial direction of the output shaft of the grinding motor 211 and the axial direction of the swinging direction of the vertical swing mechanism 5 are parallel to each other. The above-mentioned mutually parallel arrangement can help the lifting action of the lifting mechanism 6, and can be converted into circular motion in the most efficient form to act on the surface of the workpiece, realizing the grinding action in the tangential state, ensuring that when the equipment is grinding the water outlet on the surface of the workpiece, the grinding efficiency and grinding effect of any workpiece on the fixture 3 are consistent, which is beneficial to the quality assurance and processing efficiency of batch processing.

[0034] To sum up, the utility model is aimed at castings with arc surfaces and the water outlet is located exactly on the arc surface. The structure of this solution is simpler than that of existing equipment. However, the simple structure does not mean a significant reduction in performance. On the contrary, the transmission method of the solution of the utility model is relatively more reliable, and it is easy to operate and maintain, and the production cost is also low. It greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers and greatly reduces the problem of irregular arc surface grinding caused by human fatigue or other negative factors. Therefore, compared with the existing processing method, the utility model is obviously beneficial to improving efficiency and increasing production of small and medium-sized production enterprises.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine, comprising a frame and a grinding tool rack and a clamp arranged on the frame, characterized in that: The fixture includes a fixture seat and a pneumatic fixture arranged on the fixture seat and driven by a servo air source. An XY plane moving mechanism and a vertical swing mechanism are connected between the fixture and the frame. The XY plane moving mechanism is composed of an X-axis moving mechanism fixed on the frame and a Y-axis moving mechanism arranged on the moving end of the X-axis moving mechanism. The vertical swing mechanism is fixed on the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the fixture seat is fixed on the swing end of the vertical swing mechanism. A grinding component that can be lifted up and down is movably connected to the mold frame, and the grinding component is connected to the output end of a lifting mechanism arranged on the frame.

2. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical swing mechanism comprises at least a clamp swing base connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a vertical swing shaft for fixing the clamp hinged on the clamp swing base, and a swing servo motor that is transmission-connected to the vertical swing shaft and also fixedly connected to the moving end of the Y-axis moving mechanism. The axial direction of the vertical swing shaft is parallel to the movement direction of the X-axis moving mechanism or the Y-axis moving mechanism.

3. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor horizontally hinged on the frame, a lifting rod connected to the output end of the lifting motor, and a connecting rod hinged to the output end of the lifting rod. The connecting rod is fixed on the polishing component perpendicular to the lifting rod, and the reciprocating motion of the lifting rod drives the polishing component to perform lifting and lowering motion.

4. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding component consists of a grinding base fixedly connected to the connecting rod, a grinding motor and a grinding wheel arranged on the grinding base, and a transmission belt connected between the grinding motor and the grinding wheel.

5. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding base is further provided with a balancing arm, one end of the balancing arm is hinged by the grinding wheel, and the other end is hinged to a driven wheel, and an annular sanding belt is sleeved between the grinding wheel and the driven wheel.

6. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surfaces of the grinding wheel and the driven wheel are provided with engaging teeth, which are straight teeth or oblique teeth, and the inner surface of the sand belt is in contact with the engaging teeth.

7. The casting arc surface nozzle grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axial direction of the grinding wheel, the axial direction of the output shaft of the grinding motor and the axial direction of the swing direction of the vertical swing mechanism are parallel to each other.

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