Tunnel lining self-adaptive segment flexible connection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, aims at solving the problems that an existing flexible connector is prone to breakage when being impacted, the protection effect is difficult to achieve, the connector and a tunnel lining are prone to being damaged, and potential safety hazards are caused, and provides a tunnel lining self-adaption section flexible connecting structure. Comprising a flexible connector arranged between two adjacent secondary lining sections, and the two ends of the flexible connector are used for being connected with the ends of the secondary lining sections on the two sides of the flexible connector respectively; the flexible connector comprises a framework, the interior of the framework is of a hollow structure, and the framework has rigidity and elasticity and can prevent the framework and a lining from being damaged and adapt to tunnel deformation; the flexible connecting structure disclosed by the utility model has certain rigidity, so that the secondary lining section seam has higher rigidity, and the secondary lining section seam is not easy to break when being subjected to larger earthquake damage or large-scale energy impact; and in addition, high elasticity and restorability are achieved, large deformation can be adapted, and the anti-dislocation capacity of the tunnel structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the common tunnel support systems mainly include primary support, waterproof boards, secondary linings, flexible joints and water collection boxes. Among them, primary support refers to the first protective measure taken during tunnel excavation to prevent surrounding rock collapse and ensure construction safety. Primary support generally includes shotcrete, anchor rods, steel mesh, etc.; waterproof boards are a kind of waterproof material laid after the completion of primary support to prevent groundwater from seeping into the tunnel and protect the tunnel structure from erosion; secondary lining is a permanent support measure that further strengthens the tunnel structure on the basis of primary support and waterproof boards; it is usually composed of cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete components; flexible joints are joints set at the lining joints to adapt to the deformation of the tunnel structure; the water collection box is set below the flexible joints to collect and divert water seepage inside the tunnel.

[0003] An existing flexible joint is made of elastic material. After the initial support and waterproofing sheeting are laid, a pre-reserved formwork is used during the pouring of the secondary lining structure. The ends of the flexible joint are connected to the secondary lining via the formwork to secure the structure. This structure suffers from the inherently weak strength and rigidity of the flexible joint material, the joint being susceptible to material fatigue, and its poor ability to adapt to circumferential deformation.

[0004] Another commonly used flexible tunnel joint mainly includes lightweight foam concrete blocks and longitudinally arranged steel sleeves. The tunnel support system mainly includes initial support, waterproof panels, and segmented secondary linings. The specific implementation method is: a sleeve reserved hole is set at the end of the secondary lining, and a steel sleeve is set in the lightweight foam concrete block. The two ends of the sleeve are respectively extended into and anchored in the reserved holes of the adjacent secondary lining segments to form an integral structure. This type of structural joint has poor ability to adapt to circumferential deformation and is prone to damaging the secondary lining structures at both ends; in addition, the joint can only adapt to longitudinal extrusion deformation. When there is longitudinal opening deformation, the foam concrete will be pulled apart, the joint function will fail, and the waterproof sealing performance cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] After investigation, it was found that the simple use of flexible joints can absorb the energy generated by small-intensity earthquakes. However, when the tunnel lining connections are subjected to larger earthquake damage or large-scale energy impacts, they are prone to fracture and it is difficult to play a protective role. As a concealed project, the tunnel has a large overall stiffness. After an earthquake, the structure is prone to varying degrees of damage. When the tunnel lining is subjected to earthquake loads and displacement caused by fault slippage, the conventional support system will become unstable and deformed, and the lining will crack, thus posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure to solve the problem that the existing flexible joints are prone to breakage when impacted, making it difficult to play a protective role, and the joints and tunnel lining are easily damaged, resulting in safety hazards.

[0007] The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model provides a tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure, comprising a flexible connector arranged between two adjacent secondary lining segments, wherein both ends of the flexible connector are respectively used to connect with the ends of the secondary lining segments on both sides thereof;

[0009] The flexible connector includes a skeleton, the interior of which is a hollow structure. The skeleton has rigidity and elasticity, and can avoid damage to itself and the lining and adapt to tunnel deformation.

[0010] As the preferred technical solution:

[0011] The skeleton is made of low-alloy high-strength structural steel, such as Q420 and above low-alloy high-strength structural steel, or high-strength and high-elasticity shape memory alloy or spring steel.

[0012] As the preferred technical solution:

[0013] An elastic body is arranged inside the skeleton.

[0014] The elastic body is used for shock absorption and energy consumption.

[0015] As the preferred technical solution:

[0016] The elastic body can be made of materials such as rubber or polyurethane with high elasticity and high durability.

[0017] As the preferred technical solution:

[0018] The frame adopts a U-shaped frame, which includes a U-shaped arc plate. Both ends of the arc plate are connected with wing plates. The opening of the arc plate faces the interior of the tunnel. The arc plate and the wing plates at both ends are integrally formed structural parts.

[0019] As the preferred technical solution:

[0020] The connection between the arc-shaped plate and the wing plate is naturally transitioned to form a smooth curved surface.

[0021] As the preferred technical solution:

[0022] The elastomer is installed in the U-shaped space of the arc plate. A group of connecting constraints are provided in the U-shaped space of the arc plate and are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the elastomer. The connecting constraints are fixedly connected to the arc plate and connected to the elastomer.

[0023] As the preferred technical solution:

[0024] The elastic body may be formed by vulcanization or casting, and the connection constraint member and the elastic body may be connected by bonding.

[0025] As the preferred technical solution:

[0026] The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure further includes an embedded part, which is embedded in the end of the secondary lining segment. The flexible connector is detachably connected to the embedded part.

[0027] As the preferred technical solution:

[0028] The embedded part includes an embedded sleeve and an end plate. The embedded sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the end plate. The embedded sleeve is embedded in the secondary lining and fixedly connected to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining. The end plate is attached to the end of the secondary lining, and the U-shaped frame is connected to the end plate.

[0029] As the preferred technical solution:

[0030] The embedded sleeve is a steel sleeve, the end plate is a steel plate, the steel sleeve is connected to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining by welding, and the steel sleeve is welded to the steel plate.

[0031] As the preferred technical solution:

[0032] The end plate is an L-shaped plate, the inner side of the L-shaped plate is attached to the corner of the end of the secondary lining segment close to the inner side of the tunnel, and one side of the U-shaped frame is attached to the outer side of the L-shaped plate.

[0033] As the preferred technical solution:

[0034] Both ends of the flexible connector are connected to the embedded parts on both sides thereof through connecting parts respectively.

[0035] As the preferred technical solution:

[0036] The two ends of the flexible connector are respectively positioned on the embedded parts on both sides thereof through fixing parts, and the connecting parts pass through the fixing parts, the U-shaped frame and the end plates in sequence to connect the fixing parts, the flexible connector and the embedded parts.

[0037] As the preferred technical solution:

[0038] The fixing member is an L-shaped fixing plate, the inner side of which is attached to the other side of the U-shaped frame;

[0039] The connecting member includes a pin and a bolt. A row of pin holes are correspondingly provided on one side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame, and the end plate. The pins are installed in the pin holes. One end of the pin passes through the pin holes on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame, and the end plate in sequence. The pin is arranged on the side of the end face of the secondary lining.

[0040] A group of bolt holes are correspondingly opened on the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame and the end plate, and the bolts are installed in the bolt holes. One end of the bolt is screwed into the bolt holes on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame and the end plate in turn.

[0041] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1. The flexible connector of the utility model has a certain rigidity and strength, which makes the joints of the secondary lining segments have greater rigidity and is not easy to break when subjected to large earthquake damage or large-scale energy impact; and it has a certain elasticity and recovery ability, can adapt to large deformation, and improve the anti-dislocation ability of the tunnel structure.

[0043] 2. The skeleton and elastic body in the flexible connector of the present invention have recovery and energy dissipation functions, which can improve the energy dissipation capacity and deformation recovery capacity of the flexible connector during deformation.

[0044] 3. The skeleton of the utility model adopts a U-shaped design, which has better deformation adaptability while ensuring sufficient rigidity. It can adapt to deformation when the tunnel lining is subjected to earthquake loads and displacement caused by geological fault dislocation. At the same time, it will not cause damage to the lining while maintaining a certain rigidity.

[0045] 4. The utility model can effectively avoid the problems of instability, deformation and lining cracking of conventional support systems caused by earthquake loads and displacement caused by fault movement in tunnel linings, thereby improving the safety factor.

[0046] 5. The utility model has embedded parts installed at the end of the secondary lining segment. The flexible connector is positioned by a fixing part and connected to the embedded part through a connecting part. This connection method will not cause damage to the tunnel lining and the flexible connection structure of the tunnel lining adaptive segment itself during deformation such as earthquakes, and is convenient for construction and later replacement.

[0047] 6. The fixing part of the utility model connects the flexible connector to the embedded part through a pin on one side and connects the flexible connector to the embedded part through a bolt on the other side. The pin connection is provided to adapt to daily small deformation, reduce the shear stress of the bolt, and increase the connection reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure described in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible connector described in the utility model.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a top view of the flexible connector described in the present utility model.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the embedded parts described in the utility model.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting piece described in the present utility model.

[0053] Icons: 1-secondary lining segment, 2-flexible connector, 3-embedded parts, 4-connecting parts, 5-U-shaped frame, 6-arc plate, 7-wing plate, 8-elastic body, 9-connection constraint, 10-end plate, 11-embedded sleeve, 12-pin hole, 13-bolt hole, 14-pin, 15-fixing parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure, including a flexible connector 2 arranged between two adjacent secondary lining segments 1 and an embedded part 3 embedded in the end of the secondary lining segment 1, and the two ends of the flexible connector 2 are respectively connected to the embedded parts 3 at the end of the secondary lining segment 1 on both sides of the flexible connector 2 through connecting parts 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, after the two ends of the flexible connector 2 are fitted with the corresponding embedded parts 3 , they are positioned by the fixing parts 15 , and then the fixing parts 15 , the flexible connector 2 and the embedded parts 3 are connected together by the connecting parts 4 .

[0058] In this embodiment, the flexible connector 2 includes a skeleton, and an elastic body 8 is provided inside the skeleton. The skeleton has high elasticity and large rigidity, and the elastic body 8 has elastic recovery ability and energy dissipation ability.

[0059] Further, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the skeleton adopts a U-shaped skeleton 5, and the U-shaped skeleton 5 includes a U-shaped arc plate 6, and the two ends of the arc plate 6 are connected with wing plates 7. The connection between the arc plate 6 and the wing plates 7 is naturally transitioned to form a smooth curved surface, and the opening of the arc plate 6 faces the interior of the tunnel. The arc plate 6 and the wing plates 7 at both ends are an integrally formed structural part. The elastomer 8 is installed in the U-shaped space in the middle of the arc plate 6. Among them, the skeleton is not limited to the U-shaped skeleton 5. Other skeletons with hollow structures inside can also play the above-mentioned role, but the U-shaped skeleton 5 has a stronger deformation adaptability and is also convenient for connection with the embedded parts 3.

[0060] The frame of the present invention is made of low-alloy high-strength structural steel, such as Q420 or higher grade low-alloy high-strength structural steel, or high-strength, high-elasticity shape memory alloy or spring steel, to ensure that the U-shaped frame 5 has high elasticity and stronger deformation adaptability, thereby avoiding premature plastic deformation and extending the service life of the product. However, the material is not limited to the above, and other materials with a certain degree of elasticity and rigidity can also be used.

[0061] The elastic body 8 can be made of materials such as rubber or polyurethane with high elasticity and high durability.

[0062] Furthermore, a set of connecting and restraining members 9 are disposed within the space between the curved plate 6 and are located on the upper and lower sides of the elastic body 8. The connecting and restraining members 9 are fixedly connected to the curved plate 6, for example, by welding. The elastic body 8 can be formed by vulcanization or casting, and the connecting and restraining members 9 are connected to the elastic body 8, for example, by bonding.

[0063] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the embedded part 3 includes an embedded sleeve 11 and an end plate 10. The embedded sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the end plate 10. The embedded sleeve 11 is embedded in the secondary lining, and the embedded sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining. The end plate 10 is attached to the end of the secondary lining segment 1.

[0064] The embedded sleeve 11 is a steel sleeve, and the steel sleeve is connected to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining by welding.

[0065] The end plate 10 is an L-shaped plate, the inner side of which fits against the corner of the secondary lining segment 1, near the tunnel interior, facilitating installation and removal of the flexible connector 2. The right-angled intersections of the L-shaped plate are rounded, rather than traditional right angles. This rounded corner disperses stress concentration and improves the strength and durability of the component. The above is only one example of the embedded component 3; other structures that establish a connection with the secondary lining can also be used, simply by connecting them to the flexible connector 2.

[0066] Furthermore, the L-shaped plate is an L-shaped steel plate, and two steel sleeves are welded on the inner side of the L-shaped steel plate. The above is only an example, and the number of the steel sleeves does not need to be strictly limited and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0067] One side of the U-shaped frame 5 is adapted to the outer side of the L-shaped plate. Specifically, one side of the U-shaped frame 5 is in contact with the outer side of the L-shaped plate, and the wing plate 7 and a portion of the arc plate 6 are just in contact with the L-shaped plate.

[0068] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the fixing member 15 is an L-shaped fixing plate, and the right-angled intersection of the L-shaped fixing plate is also rounded. The inner side of the L-shaped fixing plate is attached to the other side of the U-shaped frame 5.

[0069] The connecting member 4 passes through the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame 5 and the end plate 10 in sequence, connecting the L-shaped fixing plate, the flexible connector 2 and the embedded part 3 together.

[0070] The connector 4 includes pins 14 and bolts. A row of pin holes 12 are correspondingly formed on one side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame 5, and the end plate 10. The pins 14 are installed in the pin holes 12, and one end of the pin 14 passes through the pin holes 12 on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame 5, and the end plate 10 in sequence. The pins 14 are arranged on the end face of the secondary lining. A set of bolt holes 13 are correspondingly formed on the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame 5, and the end plate 10. The bolts are installed in the bolt holes 13, and one end of the bolts are screwed into the bolt holes 13 on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame 5, and the end plate 10 in sequence.

[0071] The connection member 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned one, and other structures capable of connecting the flexible connector 2 and the embedded part 3 may also be used. The fixing member 15 may also be installed as needed.

[0072] The utility model adopts a flexible connector 2 composed of highly elastic steel and an elastomer 8 to connect two adjacent secondary lining segments 1. Since the steel has a certain rigidity and strength, the joints of the secondary lining segments 1 have greater rigidity, and are less likely to break when subjected to large earthquake damage or large-scale energy impact. Moreover, since the steel has high elasticity and recoverability, it can adapt to larger deformations and improve the anti-dislocation ability of the tunnel structure; since the elastomer 8 has elastic recovery and energy dissipation functions, the energy dissipation capacity and deformation recovery ability of the flexible connector 2 during deformation can be improved.

[0073] The skeleton of the utility model adopts a U-shaped design, which has better deformation adaptability while ensuring sufficient rigidity. It can adapt to deformation when the tunnel lining is subjected to earthquake loads and displacement caused by geological fault dislocation, and will not cause damage to the lining while maintaining a certain rigidity.

[0074] The utility model can effectively avoid the problems of instability deformation and lining cracking of the conventional support system caused by the tunnel lining being subjected to earthquake loads and displacement caused by fault dislocation, thereby improving the safety factor.

[0075] The utility model is provided with an embedded part 3 at the end of the secondary lining segment 1, and the flexible connector 2 is positioned and fixed by a fixing part 15, and is connected to the embedded part 3 by a connecting part 4. This connection method will not cause damage to the tunnel lining and the flexible connection structure of the tunnel lining adaptive segment itself during deformation such as earthquakes, and is convenient for construction and later replacement.

[0076] Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, the tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure can not only reduce shock and dissipate energy, but also the tunnel lining and the tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure are not easily damaged after the earthquake.

[0077] One side of the fixing part 15 of the present invention connects the flexible connector 2 with the embedded part 3 through a pin 14, and the other side connects the flexible connector 2 with the embedded part 3 through a bolt. The provision of the pin 14 connection is conducive to adapting to daily small deformations, reducing the shear stress of the bolt, and increasing the connection reliability.

[0078] During actual construction, low-alloy high-strength structural steel of Q420 or above, or shape memory alloy (SMA) or spring steel is used as the U-shaped skeleton 5, and rubber or polyurethane material is used as the elastomer 8. The flexible connector 2 is manufactured in the factory according to the design requirements; the embedded parts 3 for connection are embedded as required on the end face of the secondary lining segment 1, and the embedded parts 3 are welded to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining segment 1; during tunnel construction, after the secondary lining is installed in place according to the design requirements, the flexible connector 2 is installed on site according to the designed spacing. During installation, the flexible connector 2 is fixed by the fixing part 15, and then the fixing part 15, the flexible connector 2 and the embedded parts 3 are connected by the connecting part 4 to complete the installation of a single flexible connector 2. Other flexible connectors 2 can be installed in the same way. The flexible connector 2 is set along the tunnel wall, and its length is preferably between 10 and 100 cm. The number of flexible connectors to be set is determined according to the force calculation.

[0079] The elastic body 8 in the flexible connector 2 of the present invention can be selectively set according to needs, and is recommended to be set in areas with frequent earthquakes to improve the energy consumption capacity and elastic recovery capacity of the product itself.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure, characterized by: It includes a flexible connector arranged between two adjacent secondary lining segments, with both ends of the flexible connector being respectively used to connect with the ends of the secondary lining segments on both sides thereof; The flexible connector includes a skeleton, the interior of which is a hollow structure. The skeleton has rigidity and elasticity, and can avoid damage to itself and the lining and adapt to tunnel deformation.

2. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic body is arranged inside the skeleton.

3. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame adopts a U-shaped frame, which includes a U-shaped arc plate. Both ends of the arc plate are connected with wing plates. The opening of the arc plate faces the interior of the tunnel. The arc plate and the wing plates at both ends are integrally formed structural parts.

4. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastomer is installed in the U-shaped space of the arc plate. A group of connecting constraints are provided in the U-shaped space of the arc plate and are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the elastomer. The connecting constraints are fixedly connected to the arc plate and connected to the elastomer.

5. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an embedded part, which is embedded in the end of the secondary lining segment, and the flexible connector is detachably connected to the embedded part.

6. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The embedded part includes an embedded sleeve and an end plate. The embedded sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the end plate. The embedded sleeve is embedded in the secondary lining and fixedly connected to the steel mesh inside the secondary lining. The end plate is attached to the end of the secondary lining, and the U-shaped frame is connected to the end plate.

7. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end plate is an L-shaped plate, the inner side of the L-shaped plate is attached to the corner of the end of the secondary lining segment close to the inner side of the tunnel, and one side of the U-shaped frame is attached to the outer side of the L-shaped plate.

8. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the flexible connector are connected to the embedded parts on both sides thereof through connecting parts respectively.

9. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The two ends of the flexible connector are respectively positioned on the embedded parts on both sides thereof through fixing parts, and the connecting parts pass through the fixing parts, the U-shaped frame and the end plates in sequence to connect the fixing parts, the flexible connector and the embedded parts.

10. The tunnel lining adaptive segment flexible connection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixing member is an L-shaped fixing plate, the inner side of which is attached to the other side of the U-shaped frame; The connecting member includes a pin and a bolt. A row of pin holes are correspondingly provided on one side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame, and the end plate. The pins are installed in the pin holes. One end of the pin passes through the pin holes on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame, and the end plate in sequence. The pin is arranged on the side of the end face of the secondary lining. A group of bolt holes are correspondingly opened on the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame and the end plate, and the bolts are installed in the bolt holes. One end of the bolt is screwed into the bolt holes on the L-shaped fixing plate, the U-shaped frame and the end plate in turn.

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