Crusher

Abstract

The utility model provides a crusher and relates to the technical field of mineral grinding, dispersing and crushing. The crusher comprises a crusher shell, a feeding opening, a crushing assembly, a sieve assembly, a grinding hopper and a material collecting opening. The screen assembly is used for screening fine-fraction materials, the follow-up treatment amount is reduced, and the ore grinding efficiency is improved; by means of the crushing assembly, the crushing outer wall rotates and extrudes relative to the fixed crushing cone, and the ore grinding efficiency is remarkably improved; and the grinding hopper structure is arranged below the crushing assembly, two-stage grinding is achieved, and the crushing effect is improved. And secondly, a conical hole structure is further arranged on the crushing cone, so that crushed fine-grained materials obtained after primary grinding are directly discharged downwards, the materials are prevented from being over-ground, and the crushing efficiency is improved. The crushing cone is designed to be of a four-stage conical surface structure, the conical surface is of a rotating and twisting tetrahedral structure, and an in-wall vertical tooth structure is arranged on the crushing outer wall, so that the contact area and the contact time of materials and the crushing cone are remarkably increased, and the conical surface abrasion is effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mineral grinding, dispersion and crushing, in particular to a crusher. Background Art

[0002] Hammer crushers are common crushing equipment, primarily relying on the rotation of their central cone to rub and squeeze the material against the outer wall. However, since the crushing cone and the outer wall are typically cylindrical, the contact surface is linear, resulting in low crushing efficiency and susceptible to wear. Furthermore, the rotating cone is prone to relative sliding, affecting crushing. Furthermore, repeated crushing of fine-grained materials with varying content can lead to over-abrasion and reduce efficiency.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved crusher to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a crusher that utilizes a screen assembly to screen fine-grained materials, reduces the amount of subsequent processing, and improves the grinding efficiency; utilizes the crushing outer wall of the crushing assembly to rotate and extrude relative to the fixed crushing cone, thereby significantly improving the grinding efficiency; and provides a grinding bucket structure under the crushing assembly to achieve two-stage grinding and improve the crushing effect.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a crusher, which includes a feed inlet, a crushing assembly, a screen assembly and a collection port;

[0006] The sieve assembly includes a sieve set with a predetermined screening particle size and a fine material funnel;

[0007] The sieve is arranged below the feed port and is inclined at a predetermined angle; the lower end of the sieve is connected to the top feed port of the crushing assembly, and the coarse-grained material remaining after screening is transferred to the crushing assembly by gravity; the fine material hopper is arranged below the sieve, and the bottom is connected to the collection port;

[0008] The crushing assembly includes a crushing outer wall with upper and lower openings, a crushing cone arranged inside the crushing outer wall, and a first motor for driving the crushing outer wall to rotate; during the crushing process, the crushing cone is fixed, and the crushing outer wall rotates along the crushing cone, squeezing each other to achieve crushing.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a wall foot is provided at the bottom of the crushing outer wall; and a plurality of groups of symmetrical and circumferentially arranged inner wall vertical teeth are provided on the inner surface of the crushing outer wall.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a crushing wall gear is provided at the top of the crushing outer wall; and a first motor gear meshingly connected to the crushing wall gear is provided at the lower end of the first motor.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the crusher also includes a grinding bucket arranged below the crushing outer wall; the grinding bucket includes a funnel connected to the above the aggregate port, a grinding bucket gear arranged on the outer wall of the grinding bucket, and a groove arranged on the inner wall of the grinding bucket; the groove is arranged below the wall foot and is connected to the wall foot.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grinding bucket also includes a second motor for driving the grinding bucket to rotate; a second motor gear is provided at the lower end of the second motor and is meshed with the grinding bucket gear; the rotation direction of the grinding bucket is set opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing outer wall.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the screen assembly also includes a spring connected to the screen and a spring bracket for fixing and supporting the spring; the spring is arranged below the screen and perpendicular to the working surface of the screen, and is adjacent to the upper end of the screen.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the crushing cone is hollow inside, and a plurality of conical holes with predetermined particle diameters are provided on the conical surface; and the diameters of the conical holes gradually increase from the outer wall to the inner wall of the conical surface;

[0015] The inner hollow structure of the crushing cone is connected to the funnel.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the crushing cone has a four-level cone surface structure, which includes a first-level cone surface, a second-level cone surface, a third-level cone surface and a fourth-level cone surface from top to bottom; the cone surfaces of the first-level cone surface, the second-level cone surface and the third-level cone surface are rotationally twisted tetrahedral structures, and the ratio of the number of cone surfaces is 1:2:4; the fourth-level cone surface is a cylinder.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of dust baffles that are alternately arranged and tilted downward are provided on the inner wall of the feed port.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the crusher also includes a crushing shell for fixing the screen assembly; the crushing cone also includes a cone top and a cone foot; the cone top is a gently inclined rotating four-sided cone structure; the cone foot passes through the center of the funnel, is connected to the internal cavity of the crushing cone, and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the crusher shell.

[0019] As a further improvement to the present invention, the outer crushing wall is driven to rotate by a first motor located at the top. The crushing cone is located within the outer crushing wall, with three to four support rods (cone feet) positioned below it, creating an umbrella-like structure. These rods pass through the center of the grinding hopper, connect to the inner cavity of the crushing cone, and are fixed to the bottom of the crusher housing, maintaining relative stability.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] 1. The crusher provided by the present invention features an integrated structure consisting of a screen assembly, a crushing assembly, and a grinding bucket. The screen assembly is used to screen fine-grained materials, reducing subsequent processing volume and improving grinding efficiency. The crushing outer wall rotates relative to the fixed crushing cone, significantly improving grinding efficiency. Furthermore, a grinding bucket structure is provided below the crushing assembly (the grinding bucket's groove is located just below the working space where the crushing cone and the crushing outer wall meet, and its opening is wide enough to receive falling ore samples. Falling ore samples move downward due to gravity and fall into the grinding area between the wall foot and the bottom of the groove (the wall foot and the groove rotate relative to each other). After continuous grinding, the accumulated ore samples accumulate inward and are collected by a funnel), achieving two-stage grinding and improving crushing efficiency. Furthermore, a conical hole structure is provided on the crushing cone, allowing the fine-grained materials obtained after the first grinding stage to be discharged directly downward, preventing over-grinding and improving crushing efficiency. This crushing assembly overcomes the technical drawback of the prior art, where the rotating cone easily slides relative to the crushing cone, thus affecting the crushing effect.

[0022] 2. The crusher provided by the present invention adopts a crushing cone with a four-stage conical surface structure design. The cone surface adopts a rotationally twisted tetrahedron structure, and an inner vertical tooth structure is set on the crushing outer wall (to prevent excessive sliding of ore or samples, which affects the crushing effect). This significantly increases the contact area and contact time between the material and the crushing cone, and effectively prevents cone surface wear. In addition, the arc-shaped curved cone surface structure of the conventional crushing cone is changed to a four-stage cone surface structure. Each cone surface intersects with each other and is in a completely different three-dimensional spatial position. This can increase the mixing guide path of the ore material and prevent the ore material from accumulating and agglomerating in one direction of the crushing cone. This overcomes the technical defects of the conventional crushing cone and the outer wall in the prior art, which are both cylindrical, resulting in line contact, low crushing efficiency, and easy wear of the cone surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the crusher provided by the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing wall provided by the utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing cone provided by the utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the crushing cone provided by the utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the crushing cone surface provided by the utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding bucket provided by the utility model.

[0029] Reference numerals

[0030] 1. Feed inlet; 11. Dust baffle; 2. Sieve; 21. Sieve handle; 22. Spring; 23. Spring support; 3. Fine material hopper; 4. First motor; 5. Crushing outer wall; 51. Roller; 52. Track; 53. Crushing wall gear; 54. Wall foot; 55. Vertical teeth inside the wall; 6. Crushing cone; 61. Cone top; 62. First-stage cone surface; 63. Second-stage cone surface; 64. Third-stage cone surface; 65. Fourth-stage cone surface; 66. Cone foot; 67. Cone hole; 7. Grinding bucket; 71. Grinding bucket gear; 72. Groove; 73. Funnel; 8. Discharge port; 9. Second motor; 91. Second motor gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] It should also be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0033] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the utility model provides a crusher, including a crusher shell, a feed port 1, a crushing assembly, a screen assembly, a grinding bucket 7 and an aggregate port.

[0035] The feed port 1 is arranged at the top of the crusher shell, and has a large opening, which is convenient for feeding.

[0036] The inner wall of the feed port 1 is provided with a plurality of dust baffles 11 that are alternately arranged and tilted downward to prevent the dust of fine-grained materials from escaping.

[0037] The sieve assembly includes a sieve 2 , a sieve handle 21 , a spring 22 , a spring support 23 , and a fine material funnel 3 .

[0038] The sieve 2 can be replaced with sieves of different mesh sizes according to the crushing particle size. Sieve handles 21 are provided at both ends of the sieve 2.

[0039] The sieve 2 is arranged below the feed port 1 and is inclined at a predetermined angle; the lower end of the sieve 2 is connected to the top feed port of the crushing assembly, and is used to transfer the coarse-grained material remaining after screening to the crushing assembly; the fine material funnel 3 is arranged below the sieve 2, and the bottom is connected to the aggregate port.

[0040] The spring 22 is disposed below the sieve 2 and is perpendicular to the working surface of the sieve 2 , and is adjacent to the upper end of the sieve 2 .

[0041] The spring support 23 is fixedly arranged on the crusher housing and is used to fix and support the spring 22 to enhance the screening effect of the screen 2.

[0042] The fine material hopper 3 directly collects the fine-grained materials passing through the sieve 2 .

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the crushing assembly includes a crushing outer wall 5 and a crushing cone 6. During the crushing process, the crushing cone 6 remains stationary, and the crushing outer wall 5 rotates along the crushing cone 6, squeezing each other to achieve crushing.

[0044] The crushing outer wall 5 is provided with a roller 51, a track 52, a crushing wall gear 53, a wall foot 54, an inner vertical tooth 55 of the wall, a first motor 4 and a first motor gear.

[0045] Specifically, a crushing wall gear 53 is provided at the top of the crushing outer wall 5 ; and a first motor gear engaged with the crushing wall gear 53 is provided at the lower end of the first motor 4 to provide a rotational driving force for the crushing outer wall 5 .

[0046] The inner surface of the crushing outer wall 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of symmetrical and circumferentially arranged inner wall vertical teeth 55 .

[0047] The track 52 includes an upper track and a lower track that are symmetrical to each other and circumferentially arranged at the upper and lower ends of the crushing outer wall 5; the wall foot 54 is arranged below the lower track.

[0048] See also Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the crushing cone 6 includes a cone top 61 , a cone body and a cone foot 66 .

[0049] The conical surface body is a four-level conical surface structure, which includes, from top to bottom, a first-level conical surface 62, a second-level conical surface 63, a third-level conical surface 64 and a fourth-level conical surface 65; the conical surfaces of the first-level conical surface 62, the second-level conical surface 63 and the third-level conical surface 64 are rotationally twisted tetrahedral structures, and the ratio of the number of conical surfaces is 1:2:4; the fourth-level conical surface 65 is a cylinder.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the cone top 61 is a gently inclined rotating four-sided cone.

[0051] Four rotationally twisted tetrahedrons are provided on the first-stage conical surface 62 , and a plurality of groups of conical holes 67 are provided on the conical surface.

[0052] The second-stage conical surface 63 is provided with eight rotationally twisted tetrahedrons, and a plurality of groups of conical holes 67 are provided on the conical surface.

[0053] Sixteen rotationally twisted tetrahedrons are provided on the third-stage conical surface 64 , and a plurality of groups of conical holes 67 are provided on the conical surface.

[0054] The fourth-stage cone surface 65 is a cylindrical structure.

[0055] The arc-shaped curved cone surface structure of the conventional crushing cone is changed into a four-level cone surface structure. Each cone surface intersects with each other (non-parallel design) and is in completely different three-dimensional spatial positions. This can increase the mixing guide path of the ore material and prevent the ore material from accumulating and agglomerating in one direction of the crushing cone.

[0056] The tapered hole 67 is a variable diameter hole structure, and its diameter gradually increases from the outer wall to the inner wall of the cone surface to prevent accumulation and clogging of non-variable diameter samples.

[0057] The vertical heights of the first-stage conical surface 62 , the second-stage conical surface 63 , the third-stage conical surface 64 and the fourth-stage conical surface 65 are A:B:C:D=(1-2):(1-2):(1-2):(1-2).

[0058] The crushing cone 6 is located inside the crushing outer wall 5, with three to four support rods (cone feet 66) arranged below it, forming an umbrella-like structure. It passes through the center of the funnel 73 of the grinding bucket 7, connects to the internal cavity of the crushing cone 6, and is fixed to the bottom of the crusher housing to maintain relative stability.

[0059] See also Figure 6 As shown, the grinding bucket 7 includes a grinding bucket gear 71, a groove 72, a funnel 73, a second motor 9, and a second motor gear 91.

[0060] The funnel 73 is arranged above the material collection port and is in communication with the material collection port. A discharge port 8 is connected to the bottom of the funnel 73 .

[0061] The grinding bucket gear 71 is mounted on the outer wall of the grinding bucket 7, and the groove 72 is mounted on the inner wall of the grinding bucket. The groove 72 is matingly connected to the wall foot 54. The outer diameter of the wall foot 54 is smaller than the inner diameter of the groove 72. The minimum inner diameter of the groove 72 is set to be the same as the maximum inner diameter of the crushing cone 6, so that all ore samples that fall from the tapered hole 67 of the crushing cone 6 are collected in the funnel 73. In addition, ore samples that fall from the working space between the crushing outer wall 5 and the crushing cone 6 fall into the groove 72.

[0062] The second motor 9 is used to drive the grinding bucket 7 to rotate. A second motor gear 91 is disposed at the lower end of the second motor 9 and engages with the grinding bucket gear 71. The grinding bucket 7 rotates in the opposite direction of the crushing outer wall 5. The wall foot 54 grinds material falling from the crushing outer wall 5 in the groove 72, thereby achieving a two-stage grinding process to enhance the crushing effect.

[0063] Based on this structural arrangement, the groove 72 of the grinding hopper 7 is located directly below the working space where the crushing cone 6 contacts the crushing outer wall 5. The wide opening of the groove 72 can accommodate falling ore samples. The falling ore sample moves downward due to gravity, landing in the grinding area between the foot 54 and the bottom of the groove 72 (the foot 54 and the groove 72 rotate relative to each other). After continuous grinding, the accumulated ore sample accumulates inward and is collected by the funnel 73. The rotation of the funnel 73 is opposite to that of the crushing outer wall 5, resulting in a faster relative speed and improved grinding effect.

[0064] The funnel 73 receives the material falling from the hollow inner space of the crushing cone 6 and the material overflowing from the groove 72 .

[0065] The working principle and specific operation of the crusher provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0066] Step 1: Determine the crushing particle size and replace the sieve with a suitable particle size. Specifically, press down the spring 22, pull out the sieve handle 21, take out the sieve 2, and replace it with a sieve 2 with a predetermined particle size.

[0067] Step 2: Start the first motor 4 to drive the crushing outer wall 5 to rotate, and start the second motor 9 to drive the grinding bucket 7 to rotate;

[0068] Step 3: Add materials from feed port 1;

[0069] Step 4: The material is first screened by the sieve 2 to separate the particle size. The fine-grained material passes through the sieve 2 and enters the fine material funnel 3, and is directly collected downward into the collection port;

[0070] Step 5: The remaining coarse-grained materials that have not passed through the sieve 2 enter the action space between the crushing outer wall 5 and the crushing cone 6. The crushing cone 6 does not move, and the crushing outer wall 5 rotates along the crushing cone 6, squeezing each other to achieve crushing.

[0071] In step 6, the coarse-grained materials pass through the first-stage cone surface 62, the second-stage cone surface 63, the third-stage cone surface 64 and the fourth-stage cone surface 65 from top to bottom, and are squeezed and rubbed against the rotating crushing outer wall 5 and gradually crushed. The fine-grained materials enter the hollow inner space of the crushing cone 6 through the cone hole 67 and are directly discharged into the funnel 73 and then through the discharge port 8 to the bottom collection port to realize the collection of the crushed materials.

[0072] In step seven, the coarse-grained material falls onto the groove 72, where the wall foot 54 grinds and crushes the coarse-grained material falling from the outer wall 5, thereby achieving a two-stage grinding and enhanced crushing effect. The material then flows down to the hopper 73, passes through the discharge port 8, and reaches the bottom collection port for collection.

[0073] Step 8: Collect the aggregate from the bottom after crushing to complete the crushing operation.

[0074] In summary, the utility model provides a crusher, which relates to the technical field of mineral grinding and crushing. The crusher includes a crusher casing, a feed port, a crushing assembly, a screen assembly, a grinding bucket and an aggregate port. The screen assembly is used to screen fine-grained materials, which reduces the amount of subsequent processing and improves the grinding efficiency; the crushing assembly is used to rotate and extrude the crushing outer wall relative to the fixed crushing cone, which significantly improves the grinding efficiency; and a grinding bucket structure is provided under the crushing assembly to achieve two-stage grinding and improve the crushing effect. Secondly, a conical hole structure is also provided on the crushing cone, so that the crushed fine-grained materials obtained after one-stage grinding are directly discharged downward to prevent over-grinding of the material and improve the crushing efficiency. The crushing cone adopts a crushing cone with a four-stage conical surface structure design, and the cone surface adopts a rotationally twisted tetrahedron structure, and an inner-wall vertical tooth structure is provided on the crushing outer wall, which significantly increases the contact area and contact time between the material and the crushing cone, and effectively prevents cone surface wear.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crusher, characterized in that: It includes feed port, crushing assembly, screen assembly and aggregate port; The sieve assembly includes a sieve set with a predetermined screening particle size and a fine material funnel; The sieve is arranged below the feed port and is inclined at a predetermined angle; the lower end of the sieve is connected to the top feed port of the crushing assembly, and is used to transfer the coarse-grained materials remaining after screening to the crushing assembly; the fine material hopper is arranged below the sieve, and the bottom is connected to the collection port; The crushing assembly includes a crushing outer wall with upper and lower openings, a crushing cone arranged inside the crushing outer wall, and a first motor for driving the crushing outer wall to rotate; during the crushing process, the crushing cone is fixed, and the crushing outer wall rotates along the crushing cone, squeezing each other to achieve crushing.

2. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the crushing outer wall is provided with a wall foot; the inner surface of the crushing outer wall is provided with a plurality of groups of inner wall vertical teeth which are symmetrical and arranged circumferentially.

3. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crushing wall gear is provided at the top of the crushing outer wall; and a first motor gear meshingly connected with the crushing wall gear is provided at the lower end of the first motor.

4. A crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crusher also includes a grinding bucket arranged below the crushing outer wall; the grinding bucket includes a funnel connected to the above the aggregate port, a grinding bucket gear arranged on the outer wall of the grinding bucket, and a groove arranged on the inner wall of the grinding bucket; the groove is arranged below the wall foot and is connected to the wall foot.

5. A crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding bucket also includes a second motor for driving the grinding bucket to rotate; a second motor gear is provided at the lower end of the second motor and is meshed with the grinding bucket gear; the rotation direction of the grinding bucket is set opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing outer wall.

6. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve assembly further includes a spring connected to the sieve and a spring bracket for fixing and supporting the spring; the spring is arranged below the sieve and perpendicular to the working surface of the sieve and adjacent to the upper end of the sieve.

7. A crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing cone is hollow inside, and a plurality of conical holes with predetermined particle diameters are provided on the conical surface; and the diameters of the conical holes gradually increase from the outer wall to the inner wall of the conical surface; The inner hollow structure of the crushing cone is connected to the funnel.

8. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing cone has a four-level cone surface structure, which includes a first-level cone surface, a second-level cone surface, a third-level cone surface and a fourth-level cone surface from top to bottom; the cone surfaces of the first-level cone surface, the second-level cone surface and the third-level cone surface are rotationally twisted tetrahedral structures, and the ratio of the number of cone surfaces is 1:2:4; the fourth-level cone surface is a cylinder.

9. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the feed port is provided with a plurality of dust-proof baffles which are alternately arranged to be tilted downward.

10. A crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crusher also includes a crushing shell for fixing the screen assembly; the crushing cone also includes a cone top and a cone foot; the cone top is a gently inclined rotating four-sided cone structure; the cone foot passes through the center of the funnel, is connected to the internal cavity of the crushing cone, and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the crusher shell.

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