Cutter head device capable of adjusting distance between cutters

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutterhead device capable of adjusting cutter spacing, which comprises a cutterhead base, a guide rail, two sliding seats, two tearing cutters, a hydraulic brake and an electric clamp, the guide rail is arranged on the cutterhead base, the two sliding seats are connected on the guide rail in a sliding manner, the two tearing cutters are arranged in parallel and respectively arranged on the two sliding seats, and the hydraulic brake is connected with the electric clamp. The hydraulic brake is connected with the sliding seat and is used for driving the sliding seat to move; the two sides of each sliding base are each provided with an electric clamping device. According to the shield tunneling machine, efficient and safe cutting operation can be ensured, and the construction efficiency of the shield tunneling machine in a complex underground environment is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machine engineering, in particular to a cutterhead device capable of adjusting cutter spacing. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, shield machines have been widely used in tunnel excavation during the construction of urban underground tunnels and subway stations. However, during the construction process, underground pile heads are often encountered, which poses a severe challenge to the excavation efficiency of the shield machine and the service life of the cutter head. The traditional shield cutter head design usually adopts a fixed cutter spacing. This design has obvious shortcomings in meeting the cutting requirements of pile heads with different diameters, affecting the efficiency and safety of the overall construction. In actual construction, shield machines usually need to cut underground pile heads with diameters between 0.5 meters and 1.5 meters. However, the existing fixed cutter spacing design is usually optimized for only one pile head size, resulting in the following disadvantages when facing pile heads with different diameters: (1) Increased cutter wear: Since the cutter spacing cannot be adjusted, the cutting load of the cutter is unevenly distributed for pile heads with different diameters, which can easily lead to severe wear of some cutters, and even shorten the service life of the cutter by more than 30% during a single excavation process. (2) Low cutting accuracy: For pile heads with smaller diameters, the fixed cutter spacing design cannot achieve accurate cutting, resulting in an increase in the amount of soil residue around the pile head. (3) Low excavation efficiency: When facing a pile head with a large diameter, the fixed tool spacing makes it impossible for the cutter head to cover the entire pile head area, requiring multiple cutting operations, resulting in a decrease in excavation efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, the existing shield cutterhead with fixed cutter spacing can no longer meet the efficiency and safety requirements of modern underground construction when facing the construction of pile heads with different diameters. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a cutter head device with adjustable cutter spacing is provided. The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A cutter disc device with adjustable blade spacing includes: a cutter disc base, a guide rail, two slides, two tearing knives, a hydraulic brake and an electric clamp. The guide rail is installed on the cutter disc base, the two slides are slidably connected to the guide rail, the two tearing knives are arranged in parallel and are respectively installed on the two slides, the hydraulic brake is connected to the slides and is used to drive the slides to move; electric clamps are installed on both sides of each slide.

[0006] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the cutter disc base, and the guide rail is arranged in the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide rail is provided with a plurality of bolt holes evenly distributed, and the guide rail is fixed to the cutter head base by high-strength expansion bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, springs are installed on the inner end surfaces of the two slides, and the springs are located between the two slides.

[0009] Furthermore, the tearing knife is fixed on the slide seat by high-strength bolts and welding.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydraulic brake has a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is connected to the slide seat.

[0011] Furthermore, a protective device is installed on the cutter disc base, and the protective device is wrapped around the outside of the guide rail and the slide seat.

[0012] Furthermore, two square grooves are formed on the top of the protective device, and the two tearing knives are respectively located in the two square grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, both sides of the protective device are fixedly connected to the cutter head base through high-strength bolts.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The utility model provides a cutterhead device with adjustable blade spacing. Through precise mechanical adjustment and a stable positioning structure, it significantly optimizes the cutting path, reduces tool wear, and improves cutting accuracy and efficiency. It is particularly suitable for complex and variable underground pile cutting operations. It can quickly adjust the blade spacing when cutting piles of different diameters, achieving efficient and safe cutting operations, significantly improving construction efficiency, and reducing the frequency of tool replacement, thereby reducing overall construction costs.

[0016] 2. The utility model provides a cutterhead device with adjustable blade spacing. By providing a guide rail and a slide, the tearing blades can be moved back and forth on the slide to adjust their position according to the different diameters of the pile heads. Springs are installed on the slide to absorb the impact force between the slides and prevent collisions between the two slides.

[0017] 3. The utility model provides a cutter disc device with adjustable blade spacing. The hydraulic brake provided can push the slide to move smoothly. The position of the slide can be further fixed by the electric clamp to ensure that the tearing knife remains stable during the cutting process.

[0018] 4. The utility model provides a cutter disc device with adjustable blade spacing, and a protective device is set on the outside of the guide rail and the slide seat, which can effectively prevent debris generated during the cutting process from affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0019] Based on the above reasons, the utility model can be widely promoted in fields such as shield machine engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the shield cutterhead device of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and adjustment structure of the guide rail and slide seat of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the connection between the tearing knife and the slide seat of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Cutter disc base; 2. Guide rail; 3. Slide; 4. Tearing knife; 5. Hydraulic brake; 6. Electric clamp; 7. Protective device; 8. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] To address existing problems, the present invention provides a cutterhead device with adjustable cutter spacing, specifically a shield cutterhead device for underground pile cutting operations. The device comprises a cutterhead base 1, guide rails 2, a slide 3, a ripping blade 4, a hydraulic brake 5, an electric clamp 6, a protective device 7, and a spring 8. By utilizing an adjustable cutter mounting base and a precise adjustment mechanism, the cutter spacing can be flexibly adjusted to meet the cutting requirements of pile heads of varying diameters, thereby optimizing the cutting path, reducing cutter wear, improving cutting accuracy, and enhancing overall tunneling efficiency.

[0028] Base 1 and Guide Rail 2 Structure: Guide Rail 2 is positioned within a groove in cutterhead base 1. Guide Rail 2 is equipped with multiple, evenly spaced bolt holes and is securely connected to base 1 via high-strength expansion bolts. Guide Rail 2 provides a path for smooth forward and backward movement of Slide 3, ensuring stability and high precision during cutting operations.

[0029] Slide 3 and Hydraulic Brake System 5: Slide 3 moves forward and backward along guide rail 2, precisely adjusted by a hydraulic brake 5 attached to one side of slide 3. The hydraulic brake 5's telescopic rod propels slide 3 for smooth movement. Once it reaches the desired position, the hydraulic brake 5 locks the slide 3, preventing it from shifting during cutting and ensuring the stability of the ripping blade 4. A spring 8 is attached to the other side of the slide 3 to absorb impact forces between slides 3 and prevent collisions.

[0030] Tool Installation and Positioning: The ripping blade 4 is secured to the slide 3 with high-strength bolts. Welding further strengthens the connection between the ripping blade 4 and the slide 3 to prevent the blade 4 from loosening or falling off during the cutting process. The ripping blade 4 can be moved forward and backward on the slide 3 to adjust its position according to the required pile head diameter. Electric clamps 6 are installed on both sides of the slide 3. This electric system (existing) further secures the position of the slide 3, ensuring that the ripping blade 4 remains stable during the cutting process.

[0031] Guard 7: Mounted above the slide 3, guard 7 completely surrounds the guide rail 2 and slide 3. A square groove above guard 7 provides space for the ripping blade 4 to slide back and forth, preventing debris from the cutting process from impacting the slide 3 and other equipment. The outer shell of guard 7 is tightly connected to the cutterhead base 1 with high-strength bolts, ensuring the effectiveness and stability of the safety protection.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The utility model provides a shield cutterhead device with adjustable cutter spacing, which comprises a cutterhead base 1, a guide rail 2, two slides 3, two tearing knives 4, a hydraulic brake 5, an electric clamp 6, a protective device 7 and a spring 8.

[0034] Base 1 and Guide Rail 2 Structure: Guide Rail 2 is positioned within a groove in the cutterhead base 1. It is equipped with a row of evenly spaced bolt holes and securely fastened to the cutterhead base 1 using high-strength expansion bolts. Guide Rail 2 provides a smooth path for slide 3, ensuring stability and high precision during cutting. A linear guide can be used.

[0035] Slide 3 and hydraulic brake system 5: The slide 3 can move forward and backward along the guide rail 2 and can be precisely adjusted by the hydraulic brake 5 connected to one side (outer end face) of the slide 3. The hydraulic brake 5 pushes the slide 3 to move through the telescopic rod, and after reaching the predetermined position, the slide 3 is locked by the hydraulic pressure 5 to ensure the stability of the position of the tearing knife 4 during the cutting process. In this embodiment, the hydraulic brake 5 can adopt the existing hydraulic brake. A spring 8 is installed on the other side of the slide 3 to absorb the impact force between the slides 3 and prevent collision between the two slides 3. Among them, two springs 8 can be installed at intervals on the other side of each slide 3 (inner end face, that is, the end faces on the two slides 3 that are close to each other), and the springs 8 on the two slides 3 are arranged accordingly. The four springs 8 are all located between the two slides 3.

[0036] Installation and Positioning of the Ripping Blade 4: The base of the ripping blade 4 is secured to the slide 3 via high-strength bolts and welding. The welding strengthens the connection between the ripping blade 4 and the slide 3, preventing the ripping blade 4 from loosening or falling off during the cutting process. The position of the ripping blade 4 can be adjusted according to the required pile head diameter. Electric clamps 6 are located on the left and right sides of the slide 3 and further lock the slide 3 via an electric system (existing system), ensuring the stability of the ripping blade 4 during operation. Two electric clamps 6 are provided on each side of each slide 3. These electric clamps 6 utilize existing guide rail clamps (including an electric device and a clamping mechanism). When the slide 3 needs to be secured, the electric device of the electric clamp 6 drives the clamping mechanism to clamp the slide 3, preventing it from moving or shaking during movement. When unlocking is required, the electric device controls the clamping mechanism to release, allowing the slide 3 to move freely.

[0037] Guard 7: A guard 7 is installed above the slide 3. This guard 7 can be a U-shaped protective cover that fits upside down on the base 1, enclosing the guide rail 2 and slide 3. Two square grooves are defined on the top of the guard 7 to provide space for the two ripping blades 4 to slide back and forth. The outer shell of the guard 7 effectively prevents debris generated during the cutting process from affecting equipment operation. The two sides of the guard 7 are connected to the cutterhead base 1 with a number of high-strength bolts to ensure the stability of the safety protection function.

[0038] In actual operation, the operator first adjusts the position of the slide 3 through the control panel according to the diameter of the pile head, so that the tearing knife 4 is in the appropriate cutting position. The hydraulic brake 5 will push the slide 3 to move and lock it in the appropriate position. The electric clamp 6 is then activated to further fix the slide 3. During the cutting process, the tearing knife 4 will cut the pile head according to the set trajectory, and the protective device 7 ensures safety during the cutting process. After the cutting is completed, the operator can unlock the electric clamp 6 and the hydraulic brake 5 through the control panel (the existing control panel), adjust the slide 3 to the new position, and proceed to the next step. This design ensures efficient and safe cutting operations through precise control and a stable structure, and significantly improves the construction efficiency of the shield machine in complex underground environments.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutter head device with adjustable cutter spacing, characterized in that: include: A cutter disc base (1), a guide rail (2), two slides (3), two tearing knives (4), a hydraulic brake (5) and an electric clamp (6), wherein the guide rail (2) is mounted on the cutter disc base (1), the two slides (3) are slidably connected to the guide rail (2), the two tearing knives (4) are arranged in parallel and respectively mounted on the two slides (3), the hydraulic brake (5) is connected to the slide (3) and is used to drive the slide (3) to move; and electric clamps (6) are mounted on both sides of each slide (3).

2. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc base (1) is provided with a groove, and the guide rail (2) is arranged in the groove.

3. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (2) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed bolt holes, and the guide rail (2) is fixed to the cutter head base (1) by means of high-strength expansion bolts.

4. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (8) is installed on the inner end surfaces of the two slide seats (3), and the spring (8) is located between the two slide seats (3).

5. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tearing knife (4) is fixed to the slide seat (3) by high-strength bolts and welding.

6. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic brake (5) has a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is connected to the slide seat (3).

7. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective device (7) is installed on the cutter disc base (1), and the protective device (7) is wrapped around the outside of the guide rail (2) and the slide seat (3).

8. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two square grooves are formed on the top of the protective device (7), and the two tearing knives (4) are respectively located in the two square grooves.

9. The cutter head device with adjustable blade spacing according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both sides of the protective device (7) are fixedly connected to the cutter head base (1) via high-strength bolts.

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