Potato harvesting, screening and grading device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of potato processing, and provides a potato harvesting, screening and grading device which comprises a rolling bar type sorting machine body. The controller is fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the front face of the rolling bar type sorting machine body, and a rolling bar body is arranged on the inner wall of the rolling bar type sorting machine body; the discharging frames are fixedly connected to the lower end of the interior of the rolling bar type sorting machine body at equal intervals, discharging conveying belts are arranged in the discharging frames, and one end of each discharging frame is fixedly connected with a discharging hopper extending to the exterior of the rolling bar type sorting machine body; according to the movable feeding seat arranged above the fixed plate, the guide plate capable of moving up and down is arranged, so that the distance between the bottom end of the guide plate and the top end of the rolling bar body can be changed, and potatoes cannot be excessively stacked and conveyed in the direction away from the movable feeding seat; therefore, the limitation of incomplete screening caused by accumulation of small potatoes on the upper portion can be reduced, and uniform grading screening operation of the potatoes is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of potato processing, in particular to a potato harvesting, screening and grading device. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are a high-quality crop and the fourth most important food crop in the world. During the potato harvest season, in order to facilitate subsequent sales, the harvested potatoes need to be screened and potatoes of different sizes need to be graded and screened out. In the past, this was done manually, but with the development of society, corresponding equipment has been developed to replace manual screening. Among them, the roller sorting machine is a more frequently used sorting equipment today. It changes the spacing between the rollers so that potatoes of different sizes fall from the gap between the rollers while being transported, achieving graded screening.

[0003] A search revealed an existing patent (Announcement No. CN213644809U) that discloses a seed potato grading and screening device. The device comprises a base plate and multiple screening mechanisms mounted on the base plate. The height of the multiple screening mechanisms gradually decreases from one end of the base plate to the other. Each screening mechanism has an identical structure, comprising two parallel, spaced-apart sliding bars. Multiple sleeves are slidably mounted on each sliding bar. Multiple screening bars are spaced parallel and spaced between the two sliding bars. The ends of the screening bars are positioned at the tops of corresponding sleeves. A drive mechanism for moving the screening bars is mounted on a bracket below the sliding bars. This device allows the diameter of the seed potatoes to be adjusted as needed, offering excellent adaptability, a smooth screening process, high efficiency, and effective screening and grading results. It possesses significant economic and social value.

[0004] However, in the above scheme, it is inconvenient to guide and level the material. During the loading process, it is easy to load too much material, resulting in accumulation of potato materials. Smaller potatoes may accumulate on larger potatoes, which will make it impossible to screen out the smaller potatoes in time, affecting the quality of grading and screening.

[0005] In view of this, the utility model proposes a potato harvesting, screening and grading device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a potato harvesting, screening and grading device, which solves the problems in the related art.

[0007] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a potato harvesting, screening and grading device, comprising a roller-type sorting machine body; a controller fixedly connected to the upper end of one front side of the roller-type sorting machine body, the inner wall of the roller-type sorting machine body is provided with a roller body; a discharge rack fixedly connected to the lower end of the inside of the roller-type sorting machine body at equal intervals, a discharge conveyor belt is provided inside the discharge rack, and a discharge hopper extending to the outside of the roller-type sorting machine body is fixedly connected to one end of the discharge rack; a guide component mounted on one side of the top of the roller-type sorting machine body, the guide component is used to avoid excessive accumulation of potatoes for screening operations; a fixed plate fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the roller-type sorting machine body; a movable feeding seat arranged above the fixed plate; a shock-absorbing component mounted on the fixed plate at equal intervals, the shock-absorbing component is used to buffer and reduce shock to the movable feeding seat, thereby reducing hard collisions between potatoes and the movable feeding seat.

[0008] The guide assembly includes: a fixed groove opened at the upper end of one side of the inner wall of the roller-type sorting machine body; a threaded rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed groove, and the top of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a turning handle extending to the outside of the fixed groove; a threaded block threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod; and a guide plate fixedly connected to one end of the threaded block.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the guide plate is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the width of the guide plate is smaller than the width of the interior of the roller-bar sorting machine body.

[0010] Preferably, the shock-absorbing assembly includes: shock-absorbing grooves arranged at equal intervals at the top of the fixed plate; a damper fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the shock-absorbing groove; a sliding block fixedly connected to the top of the damper; a shock-absorbing spring wrapped around the surface of the damper, the two ends of the shock-absorbing spring being fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the shock-absorbing groove and the bottom end of the sliding block respectively; a sliding column fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block, the top of the sliding column being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable loading seat.

[0011] Preferably, a sliding structure is formed between the sliding block and the interior of the shock-absorbing groove, and the cross-section of the shock-absorbing groove and the sliding block is in a cross shape.

[0012] Preferably, two ends of the top end of the fixing plate are fixedly connected with rubber strips, and the rubber strips are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center axis of the fixing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the inclination angle of the top end of the movable loading seat to the horizontal direction is twenty degrees, and one side of the top end of the movable loading seat is rounded.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge hopper is U-shaped and is arranged at an angle.

[0015] Preferably, both sides of the top of the discharge rack are in an inverted eight shape, and the tops of the discharge racks are close to each other.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] In the utility model, the distance between the bottom end of the guide plate and the surface of the roller body is adjusted by the guide assembly according to the approximate size or number of potatoes to be screened, so that a small number of potatoes can be conveyed and sorted through the distance between the guide plate and the roller body, thereby avoiding the accumulation of potatoes caused by excessive feeding, which in turn causes the embarrassment of some smaller potatoes not being screened and sorted out from one side of the roller-type sorting machine body in time, achieving uniform conveying and graded screening, improving the screening effect, and also avoiding the blockage caused by excessive feeding, facilitating the potato grading and screening operation, and improving its practicality;

[0018] In the present invention, when potatoes are conveyed to the roller type sorting machine body through the feeding device, the potatoes are guided by the inclined movable feeding seat so that they fall more smoothly onto the surfaces of the multiple roller bodies. At the same time, the impact force of the falling potatoes will cause the movable feeding seat to descend. At this time, the shock-absorbing spring is used to absorb the falling impact force, and the damper is used to consume the elastic potential energy absorbed by the compression of the shock-absorbing spring, thereby slowing down the descending amplitude of the movable feeding seat, realizing buffering and shock absorption between the movable feeding seat and the potatoes, and avoiding damage to the potato surface caused by hard collision between the two. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear-view structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the material discharging rack of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is an enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram of the guide assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded and enlarged structure of a partial section of the movable loading seat and the fixed bottom plate of the utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Guide assembly; 101. Guide plate; 102. Threaded rod; 103. Fixed groove; 104. Threaded block; 105. Turning handle; 2. Movable loading seat; 3. Fixed plate; 4. Discharge hopper; 5. Roller type sorting machine body; 6. Controller; 7. Roller body; 8. Discharge rack; 9. Discharge conveyor belt; 10. Shock-absorbing assembly; 1001. Shock-absorbing groove; 1002. Shock-absorbing spring; 1003. Damper; 1004. Sliding block; 1005. Sliding column; 11. Rubber strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0027] The preferred embodiment of the potato harvesting, screening and grading device provided by the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown: a potato harvesting, screening and grading device, including a roller-type sorting machine body 5; a controller 6 fixedly connected to the upper end of the front side of the roller-type sorting machine body 5, and a roller body 7 is provided on the inner wall of the roller-type sorting machine body 5; a discharge rack 8 fixedly connected to the lower end of the inside of the roller-type sorting machine body 5 at equal intervals, and a discharge conveyor belt 9 is provided inside the discharge rack 8, and a discharge hopper 4 extending to the outside of the roller-type sorting machine body 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the discharge rack 8; a guide component 1 assembled on one side of the top of the roller-type sorting machine body 5, and the guide component 1 is used to avoid excessive accumulation of potatoes for screening operations; a fixed plate 3 fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the roller-type sorting machine body 5; a movable feeding seat 2 arranged above the fixed plate 3; a shock-absorbing component 10 assembled on the fixed plate 3 at equal intervals, and the shock-absorbing component 10 is used to buffer and reduce shock to the movable feeding seat 2 to reduce hard collision between potatoes and the movable feeding seat 2.

[0028] The guide assembly 1 includes: a fixed groove 103 opened at the upper end of one side of the inner wall of the roller-type sorting machine body 5; a threaded rod 102 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed groove 103, and a rotating handle 105 extending to the outside of the fixed groove 103 is fixedly connected to the top of the threaded rod 102; a threaded block 104 threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 102; and a guide plate 101 fixedly connected to one end of the threaded block 104.

[0029] It should be noted that the existing potato harvesting, screening and grading device still has certain shortcomings in actual use. During the loading process, it is easy to overload, resulting in accumulation of potato materials. Smaller potatoes may accumulate on larger potatoes, which will make it impossible to screen out the smaller potatoes in time, affecting the grading and screening quality.

[0030] In this embodiment, the threaded rod 102 is rotated by rotating the handle 105, so that the threaded block 104 slides and drives the guide plate 101 to slide up and down, thereby changing the distance between the bottom end of the guide plate 101 and the surface of the roller body 7 to an appropriate distance. Thereafter, when the potatoes are graded and screened, a smaller number of potatoes can be transported and sorted through the gap between the guide plate 101 and the roller body 7, thereby avoiding the accumulation of potatoes due to excessive feeding, which in turn causes the embarrassment of some smaller potatoes not being screened and separated from the roller-type sorting machine body 5 in time.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the guide plate 101 is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the width of the guide plate 101 is smaller than the width of the interior of the roller-type sorting machine body 5 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the guide plate 101 having an isosceles triangle at its lower end is used to reduce the contact area between the bottom end of the guide plate 101 and the potatoes, making it easier for the potatoes to pass under the guide plate 101 . Example 2

[0033] On the basis of Example 1, the preferred embodiment of the potato harvesting, screening and grading device provided by the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown: the shock absorbing assembly 10 includes: shock absorbing grooves 1001 arranged at equal intervals at the top of the fixed plate 3; a damper 1003 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the shock absorbing groove 1001; a sliding block 1004 fixedly connected to the top of the damper 1003; a shock absorbing spring 1002 wound around the surface of the damper 1003, and the two ends of the shock absorbing spring 1002 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the shock absorbing groove 1001 and the bottom end of the sliding block 1004; a sliding column 1005 fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block 1004, and the top of the sliding column 1005 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable loading seat 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, the impact force of the falling potatoes will cause the movable loading seat 2 to descend. At this time, the shock-absorbing spring 1002 is used to absorb the falling impact force, and the damper 1003 is used to consume the elastic potential energy absorbed by the compression of the shock-absorbing spring 1002, thereby slowing down the descending amplitude of the movable loading seat 2 and realizing buffering and shock absorption between the movable loading seat 2 and the potatoes.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sliding structure is formed between the sliding block 1004 and the interior of the shock absorbing groove 1001 , and the cross-section of the shock absorbing groove 1001 and the sliding block 1004 is in a cross shape.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sliding of the cross-shaped sliding block 1004 and the interior of the shock-absorbing groove 1001 is utilized to improve the stability of the sliding column 1005 in driving the movable loading seat 2 to slide up and down.

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, rubber strips 11 are fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the fixing plate 3 , and the rubber strips 11 are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center axis of the fixing plate 3 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the symmetrically distributed rubber strips 11 are used so that when the movable loading seat 2 descends too much, the bottom end of the movable loading seat 2 will flexibly contact the top end of the fixed plate 3 to achieve secondary buffering.

[0039] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top end of the movable loading base 2 has an inclination angle of twenty degrees to the horizontal direction, and one side of the top end of the movable loading base 2 is rounded.

[0040] In this embodiment, the inclined movable loading seat 2 is used to guide the potatoes so that they fall more smoothly onto the surfaces of the plurality of roller bodies 7 .

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge hopper 4 is U-shaped and is tilted.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inclined and U-shaped discharge hopper 4 is used to guide the potatoes discharged by the discharge conveyor belt 9, so that the workers can collect the potatoes more conveniently.

[0043] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the top of the discharge rack 8 are in an inverted eight-shaped shape, and the tops of the discharge rack 8 are close to each other.

[0044] In this embodiment, the discharge racks 8 that are close to each other are used to facilitate comprehensive collection of potatoes that have fallen between the plurality of roller bodies 7 .

[0045] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: first, the threaded rod 102 is rotated by rotating the handle 105, and the threaded rod 102 and the threaded block 104 are matched with each other so that the threaded block 104 slides and drives the guide plate 101 to slide up and down, thereby changing the distance between the bottom end of the guide plate 101 and the surface of the roller body 7, so that it can be adjusted according to the approximate size or quantity of the potatoes to be screened;

[0046] Afterwards, when the potatoes are transported to the roller type sorting machine body 5 through the feeding device, the potatoes are guided by the inclined movable feeding seat 2, so that they fall more smoothly onto the surfaces of the multiple roller bodies 7. At the same time, the impact force of the falling potatoes will cause the movable feeding seat 2 to descend, thereby causing the sliding column 1005 to slide down and drive the sliding block 1004 to slide down inside the shock-absorbing groove 1001. At this time, the shock-absorbing spring 1002 and the damper 1003 will be pressed down, and the shock-absorbing spring 1002 will absorb the falling impact force, and the damper 1003 will consume the elastic potential energy absorbed by the compression of the shock-absorbing spring 1002, thereby slowing down the descending amplitude of the movable feeding seat 2, realizing buffering and shock absorption between the movable feeding seat 2 and the potatoes, and avoiding damage to the potato surface caused by hard collision between the two;

[0047] After the potatoes fall onto the surface of the roller body 7, the roller body 7 transports the potatoes. At this time, the guide plate 101 is used to allow a small number of potatoes to pass through the gap between the guide plate 101 and the roller body 7 for transport and sorting, thereby avoiding the accumulation of potatoes due to excessive feeding, which would cause some smaller potatoes to fail to be screened and sorted from the roller type sorting machine body 5 in time.

[0048] As the spacing between the roller bodies 7 gradually increases, potatoes of different sizes will fall down to the corresponding discharge racks 8 when the roller bodies 7 are at a suitable spacing, and then the discharge conveyor belt 9 will work to transport the potatoes, and finally they will be discharged by the discharge hopper 4 to achieve potato grading and screening.

[0049] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device, characterized in that: include: Roller bar type sorting machine body (5); A controller (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the front side of the roller-type separator body (5), and a roller body (7) is provided on the inner wall of the roller-type separator body (5); A discharge rack (8) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the roller-type separator body (5) at equal intervals, a discharge conveyor belt (9) is provided inside the discharge rack (8), and one end of the discharge rack (8) is fixedly connected to a discharge hopper (4) extending to the outside of the roller-type separator body (5); A guide assembly (1) mounted on one side of the top end of the roller-type sorting machine body (5), the guide assembly (1) being used to prevent excessive accumulation of potatoes during screening operations; A fixed plate (3) fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the roller-type sorting machine body (5); A movable loading seat (2) arranged above the fixed plate (3); Shock-absorbing components (10) are mounted on the fixed plate (3) at equal intervals, and the shock-absorbing components (10) are used to buffer and reduce the vibration of the movable feeding seat (2) to reduce hard collisions between potatoes and the movable feeding seat (2); The guide assembly (1) comprises: A fixing groove (103) is provided at an upper end of one side of an inner wall of the roller-type separator body (5); A threaded rod (102) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove (103), wherein the top end of the threaded rod (102) is fixedly connected to a rotating handle (105) extending to the outside of the fixing groove (103); a threaded block (104) threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod (102); A guide plate (101) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded block (104).

2. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide plate (101) is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the width of the guide plate (101) is smaller than the width inside the roller-type separator body (5).

3. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing assembly (10) comprises: Shock-absorbing grooves (1001) are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the fixing plate (3); a damper (1003) fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the shock absorbing groove (1001); A sliding block (1004) fixedly connected to the top end of the damper (1003); A shock-absorbing spring (1002) wound around the surface of the damper (1003), with two ends of the shock-absorbing spring (1002) fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the shock-absorbing groove (1001) and the bottom end of the sliding block (1004), respectively; A sliding column (1005) is fixedly connected to the top end of the sliding block (1004), and the top end of the sliding column (1005) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable loading seat (2).

4. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding structure is formed between the sliding block (1004) and the interior of the shock-absorbing groove (1001), and the cross-sections of the shock-absorbing groove (1001) and the sliding block (1004) are in the shape of a cross.

5. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the top end of the fixing plate (3) are fixedly connected to rubber strips (11), and the rubber strips (11) are symmetrically distributed about the vertical center axis of the fixing plate (3).

6. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the movable loading seat (2) has an inclination angle of twenty degrees with respect to the horizontal direction, and one side of the top of the movable loading seat (2) is rounded.

7. A potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge hopper (4) is U-shaped and is arranged at an angle.

8. The potato harvesting, screening and grading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the top of the discharge rack (8) are in an inverted eight-shaped shape, and the tops of the discharge rack (8) are close to each other.

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