Differential half shaft axial positioning mechanism of gearbox test bench

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile function test racks, and particularly relates to a differential mechanism half shaft axial positioning mechanism of a gearbox test rack, which comprises a half shaft locking structure, a half shaft and a cylinder unlocking structure. The half shaft locking structure comprises a spline flange, a sliding flange, a steel ball, a spring, a flange baffle, an ejector rod and an ejector rod spring. The cylinder unlocking structure comprises an unlocking cylinder, a connecting plate and a push rod, the cylinder is fixedly mounted, the connecting plate is mounted on the cylinder sliding table, and the push rod is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate; one end shaft surface of the half shaft is provided with a spline meshed with a differential mechanism, the other end shaft surface is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the shaft surface between the V-shaped groove and the end surface is in smooth transition with the end surface. According to the utility model, the end face of the half shaft and a product are prevented from being abraded when a differential test is carried out; by improving the design of the half shaft, the involute spline meshed with a product is adopted, a traditional tool withdrawal groove is omitted, the problem of stress concentration is avoided, and the service life of the half shaft is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gearbox testing devices, in particular to a differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of a gearbox testing bench. Background Art

[0002] Since the advent of hybrid vehicles, various hybrid technologies have emerged one after another. As energy and environmental pollution problems become increasingly serious, major companies have spared no effort in developing new energy vehicles. In recent years, hybrid vehicles have made great progress in use cost and performance. Against this background, the use of test benches has become a key issue for major companies. In the existing new energy hybrid test bench, before the product enters the offline test bench, a set of (2, one left and one right) process half-shafts are usually pre-installed manually at the differential output end of the test piece. Since the torque transmission method between the differential and the half-shaft is the combination of internal splines and external splines, there are two main ways to axially position the process half-shaft and the differential: one is to use the shaft end face of the process half-shaft and the end face of the differential case for limiting. The disadvantage of this method is that when it comes to differential testing, there is a speed difference between the differential half-shaft gear and the differential case, so that the fitting surface of the half-shaft and the differential case will cause wear, which will damage the product and the process half-shaft: the second is to use the chamfer behind the involute spline of the process half-shaft and the chamfer of the half-shaft gear for limiting. The disadvantage of this method is that since a chamfer surface needs to be machined at the rear end of the spline on the process half-shaft, a back-off groove needs to be machined behind the spline. This back-off groove will cause a very large stress concentration when the half-shaft is subjected to torque, which greatly affects the service life of the process half-shaft. Therefore, based on the defects of these two positioning methods, it is urgent to develop a differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism that can meet the requirements of differential testing without affecting the service life of the process half-shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: The purpose of the utility model is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism for a gearbox test bench to solve the problem of short service life of the existing differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses a differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of a gearbox test bench, including a half-shaft installed on the test bench, and also including a half-shaft locking structure and a half-shaft unlocking structure installed on the test bench; the half-shaft unlocking structure includes an unlocking cylinder, a connecting plate and a push rod, the cylinder is fixedly installed, the connecting plate is installed on the unlocking cylinder slide, and the push rod is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. The extension of the cylinder enables the push rod to push the sliding flange. When the cylinder retracts, the sliding flange is reset due to the action of the spring to realize the left and right movement of the sliding flange.

[0005] The half-shaft locking structure includes a spline flange, a sliding flange, steel balls, a spring, a flange baffle, a push rod and a push rod spring. The sliding flange is sleeved on the spline flange. A plurality of steel ball placement holes are provided on the circumference of the spline flange for placing steel balls. A circle of grooves is provided inside the sliding flange for radial movement of the steel balls. The distance between the grooves and the half-shaft is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel balls. The flange baffle is fixed to the end face of the spline flange, and the spring is installed between the flange baffle and the sliding flange. When the unlocking cylinder retracts, the sliding flange slides back to its original position due to the action of the spring.

[0006] The axle shaft has a spline on one end for engaging with the differential, and a V-groove on the other end. The V-groove creates a smooth transition between the shaft and the end face, allowing the axle shaft to contact the steel balls when the gantry servo cylinder pushes forward to lock onto the axle shaft. The balls are then forced outward and fall into the V-groove as the axle shaft locking mechanism continues to advance. A push rod and push rod spring extend as the axle shaft retracts, applying axial thrust to ensure smooth withdrawal from the spline flange.

[0007] Furthermore, four steel ball placement holes are symmetrically provided on the spline flange.

[0008] Furthermore, the depth of the steel ball placement hole can be set to be slightly larger than the radius of the steel ball;

[0009] Furthermore, the spline is an involute spline, so as to increase the rigidity of the shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the unlocking cylinder is used to unlock the half-shaft locking structure and the half-shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the sliding flange groove and the half-shaft is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball. After the test is completed, the unlocking cylinder moves forward to unlock, and when the servo electric cylinder drives the half-shaft locking structure to move backward, the steel ball slides out of the V-groove and returns to the starting state.

[0012] Furthermore, the spring is installed with an initial compression amount, and the push rod spring is installed with an initial compression amount.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) After the half-shaft is fixed by the steel balls and sliding flanges in the locking structure, the electric cylinder is retracted a certain distance, so that the half-shaft and the end face of the differential case are at a certain distance, thereby avoiding the wear of the half-shaft end face and the product during the differential test; (2) By improving the design of the half-shaft, the involute spline design that meshes with the product eliminates the traditional back-cut groove, avoiding the problem of stress concentration in the back-cut groove part, thereby increasing the stiffness of the shaft and significantly increasing the service life of the half-shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the half-shaft locking structure and cylinder unlocking structure in the differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the half-shaft structure provided by the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench provided by the present invention is in a state where the half-shaft is completely disengaged when the differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism is in operation;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench provided by the present invention in the state where the half-shaft just contacts the steel ball when the half-shaft is in operation;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial locking state of the differential half-shaft of the gearbox test bench provided by the utility model when the axial positioning mechanism of the differential half-shaft is in operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a differential axle axial positioning mechanism for a transmission test bench, comprising an axle locking structure 1, axle 2, and an axle unlocking structure 3 mounted on the test bench. The axle unlocking structure 3 comprises an unlocking cylinder 31, a connecting plate 32, and a push rod 33. The unlocking cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted and used to unlock the axle locking structure 1 and axle 2. The connecting plate 32 is mounted on the slide of the unlocking cylinder 31, and the push rod 33 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 32. When the unlocking cylinder 31 extends, the push rod pushes the sliding flange. When the unlocking cylinder 31 retracts, the sliding flange returns to its original position due to the action of a spring, thereby achieving left and right movement of the sliding flange. The half-shaft locking structure 1 includes a spline flange 11, a sliding flange 12, a steel ball 13, a spring 14, a flange baffle 15, a push rod 16 and a push rod spring 17; the sliding flange 12 moves on the spline flange 11 by the push of the push rod 33, and a plurality of steel ball placement holes are provided on the circumference of the spline flange 11 for placing the steel balls 13. A circle of grooves is provided inside the sliding flange 12 for radial movement of the steel balls 13; the distance between the groove and the half-shaft 2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball 13, and the spring 14 is installed between the sliding flange 12 and the flange baffle 15. When the locking cylinder 31 retracts, the sliding flange 12 slides back due to the action of the spring 14. The spring 14 is installed with an initial compression amount, and the push rod spring 17 is installed with an initial compression amount.

[0021] A spline 21 is provided on the axial surface at one end of the half-shaft 2 for engaging with the differential, and a V-groove 22 is provided on the axial surface at the other end. The axial surface and the end surface between the V-groove 22 and the end surface have a smooth transition, so that when the half-shaft locking structure 1 is pushed forward by the gantry servo electric cylinder to cover the half-shaft 2, the half-shaft 2 contacts the steel ball 13, and the steel ball 13 can be squeezed out and fall into the half-shaft V-groove 22 after the half-shaft locking structure 1 continues to move forward.

[0022] The steel ball placement holes on the spline flange 11 can be symmetrically set to 4, and the depth of the steel ball placement holes can be set to be slightly larger than the radius of the steel ball 13; the spline 21 can adopt an involute spline with a large number of teeth, thick tooth ends and tooth roots, strong load-bearing capacity, easy automatic centering, and high installation accuracy, so as to increase the rigidity of the shaft and save materials.

[0023] The distance between the groove of the sliding flange 12 and the half-shaft 2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball 13. After the test is completed, the unlocking cylinder 31 moves forward to unlock, and when the servo electric cylinder drives the half-shaft locking structure 3 to move backward, the steel ball 13 slides out of the V-groove 22 and returns to the starting state.

[0024] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the use process of the utility model is as follows:

[0025] (1) In the initial state, the unlocking cylinder extends, so that the push rod presses against the sliding flange through the connecting plate, and the steel ball in the half-shaft locking structure is in a free state;

[0026] (2) The servo cylinder of the test bench moves forward. Since the half-shaft is fixed in the product to be tested, the entire locking mechanism moves forward to cover the half-shaft. After the half-shaft contacts the steel ball, the steel ball is squeezed outward into the groove. The half-shaft locking mechanism continues to move forward, causing the steel ball to enter the V-groove of the half-shaft.

[0027] (3) After reaching the position, the unlocking cylinder retracts, and the sliding flange slides back due to the action of the spring until it presses against the end face of the shaft flange. At this time, the steel ball is limited by the V-groove of the half-shaft and the inner wall of the sliding flange and will not move actively. In this way, the half-shaft is clamped with the steel ball. Then the electric cylinder moves back, and the locking mechanism drives the half-shaft to retreat a certain distance, so that the half-shaft and the end face of the differential case are kept at a certain distance. In this way, the wear of the half-shaft and the product is avoided during the differential test.

[0028] The utility model has the following advantages: after the half-shaft is fixed by the steel balls and sliding flanges in the locking structure, the electric cylinder is retracted a certain distance, so that the half-shaft and the end face of the differential case are kept at a certain distance, thereby avoiding the wear of the end face of the half-shaft and the product when performing differential testing; by improving the design of the half-shaft, the spline meshing with the product adopts an involute spline, which has a large number of teeth, thick tooth ends and tooth roots, strong load-bearing capacity, easy automatic centering, and high installation accuracy, so as to increase the rigidity of the shaft, save materials and eliminate the traditional undercut groove, thereby avoiding the problem of stress concentration in the undercut groove part, and significantly increasing the service life of the half-shaft.

Claims

1. A differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism for a gearbox test bench, comprising a half-shaft (2) mounted on the test bench, characterized in that: The invention also includes a half-shaft locking structure (1) and a half-shaft unlocking structure (3) installed on a test bench; the half-shaft unlocking structure (3) includes an unlocking cylinder (31), a connecting plate (32) and a push rod (33); the connecting plate (32) is installed on a slide of the unlocking cylinder (31); the push rod (33) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (32); the half-shaft locking structure (1) includes a spline flange (11), a sliding flange (12), a steel ball (13), a spring (14), a flange baffle (15), a push rod (16) and a push rod spring (17); the sliding flange (12) is connected to the push rod ( 33) is pushed to move on the spline flange (11), a plurality of steel ball placement holes are provided on the circumference of the spline flange (11) for placing steel balls (13), and a circle of grooves are provided inside the sliding flange (12) for radial movement of the steel balls (13); the distance between the grooves and the half shaft (2) is greater than the diameter of the steel balls (13), and the spring (14) is installed between the sliding flange (12) and the flange baffle (15); the axial surface of one end of the half shaft (2) is provided with a spline (21) for engaging with the differential, and the axial surface of the other end is provided with a V-shaped groove (22), and the axial surface between the V-shaped groove (22) and the end surface is smoothly transitioned.

2. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four steel ball placement holes are symmetrically provided on the spline flange (11).

3. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the groove of the sliding flange (12) and the semi-axis is greater than the radius of the steel ball (13).

4. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spline (21) is an involute spline.

5. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlocking cylinder (31) is used to unlock the half-shaft locking structure (1) and the half-shaft (2).

6. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (14) is installed with an initial compression.

7. The differential half-shaft axial positioning mechanism of the gearbox test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector spring (17) is installed with an initial compression amount.

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