Smoke dust collecting and purifying device and track grinding wagon

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of track grinding wagon, in particular to a smoke dust collecting and purifying device and a track grinding wagon, the smoke dust collecting and purifying device comprises a filtering box body, an air inlet is formed in the side face of the filtering box body, the air inlet is communicated with a smoke dust collecting pipeline, and a plurality of dust suction ports are formed in the end, away from the filtering box body, of the smoke dust collecting pipeline; a baffle is arranged between every two adjacent dust suction openings. An air outlet is formed in the side surface of the filter box body, a centrifugal fan is arranged in the filter box body, and an exhaust port of the centrifugal fan is communicated with the air outlet; and a filtering mechanism is arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet. Each dust suction port accurately corresponds to each group of polishing heads, the area of the dust suction ports is reduced, the negative pressure effect is good, the dust suction efficiency is high, and the occupied space of the dust suction ports is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail grinding vehicles, in particular to a smoke and dust collecting and purifying device and a rail grinding vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, travel and freight transportation are becoming increasingly convenient. Rail transport, with its wide coverage, minimal impact from weather changes, and low energy consumption, is gaining increasing popularity. To further improve travel efficiency, significant investments are being made in railway construction, expanding rail transportation to more and more locations. At the same time, rail maintenance issues are becoming increasingly prominent, with the most common problem being the grinding of rail surfaces that are deformed or have welds.

[0003] In recent years, with the increasing volume of railway construction, the volume of rail grinding has increased significantly. Rail grinding has shifted from manual maintenance to rail grinding trains. However, these trains generate large amounts of dust and grinding debris during the rail grinding process, polluting the air around the railways and impacting the health of residents living near them. Therefore, existing technologies have incorporated dust removal devices into rail grinding trains.

[0004] In the prior art, rail grinding trains are generally equipped with multiple sets of grinding heads, which are arranged along the direction of the train's travel to ensure that the rails can be fully and evenly ground. However, the dust removal device is only equipped with one dust suction port, which is usually located at the rear of the rail grinding train or installed directly above all the grinding heads. The dust suction port has a large area, attempting to cover as large an operating area as possible. Although such a layout is intended to maximize the dust collection range, due to the relatively large size of the dust suction port, it is often difficult to achieve an ideal negative pressure effect in order to maintain sufficient airflow while ensuring structural strength. That is, the wind pressure inside the dust suction port is not enough to efficiently and thoroughly suck the fine dust particles scattered in the air into the collection system. In addition, the dust suction port occupies a large space, which increases the overall volume and weight of the rail grinding train and limits its operational flexibility in certain narrow or complex environments. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the dust removal device on the rail grinding train is only equipped with one dust suction port, the dust suction port has a large area, resulting in insufficient wind pressure inside the dust suction port and the dust suction port occupies a large space, the utility model provides a smoke dust collection and purification device and a rail grinding vehicle.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by a smoke dust collection and purification device in the utility model is:

[0007] A smoke and dust collection and purification device includes a filter box body, an air inlet is opened on the side of the filter box body, the air inlet is connected to a smoke and dust collection pipe, a plurality of dust suction ports are provided at one end of the smoke and dust collection pipe away from the filter box body, and a baffle is provided between two adjacent dust suction ports; an air outlet is opened on the side of the filter box body, a centrifugal fan is provided inside the filter box body, and the exhaust port of the centrifugal fan is connected to the air outlet; a filtering mechanism is provided between the air inlet and the air outlet.

[0008] Adopting the above-mentioned structural scheme, the present application has multiple dust suction ports, each of which accurately corresponds to each group of grinding heads, reducing the area of ​​the dust suction port, and having a better negative pressure effect. The dust generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads can be quickly and thoroughly sucked into the smoke collection pipe, the dust suction efficiency is high, and the dust suction port occupies a small space.

[0009] As a preferred implementation method of a smoke collection and purification device, the filtering mechanism includes a partition, which divides the inner cavity of the filter box into a dirty air chamber and a clean air chamber, the air inlet is connected to the dirty air chamber, and the centrifugal fan is arranged in the clean air chamber; a plurality of air ports are opened on the partition, each air port is connected to one end of a filter cartridge, the inner cavity of the filter cartridge is connected to the air port, and the filter cartridge is located in the dirty air chamber.

[0010] With the above-mentioned structural scheme, when the grinding head is running, the centrifugal fan is turned on to generate a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter box. The smoke-containing gas generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads enters the smoke collection pipe through the corresponding dust suction port, and then enters the dirty air chamber through the air inlet. After being filtered by the filter cartridge, the dust particles in the gas are retained on the outside of the filter cartridge. The filtered gas enters the clean air chamber and is discharged from the air outlet under the action of the centrifugal fan.

[0011] As a preferred implementation method of a smoke dust collection and purification device, the filter cartridge includes a cylindrical filter cartridge body and a frame. The filter cartridge body is a breathable filter element. The filter cartridge body is installed on the outside of the frame. One end of the frame is supported in the air port. The end of the filter cartridge body is sealed with the partition. A plurality of ports are opened on the side of the filter box. The end of the filter cartridge body away from the partition is opposite to the port. A filter cartridge end cover is provided at each port. The filter cartridge end cover is located on the outside of the filter box. A large sealing ring and a small sealing ring are connected to the end face of the filter cartridge end cover facing the port. The large sealing ring abuts the outer wall of the filter box, and the small sealing ring abuts the end face of the filter cartridge body.

[0012] With the above structural solution, the arrangement of the filter cartridge end cover makes it easy to take out or install the filter cartridge body.

[0013] As a preferred implementation method of a smoke collection and purification device, a screw is provided at one end of the skeleton facing the port, and the screw is coaxially arranged with the skeleton; the filter cartridge end cover is rotatably connected to the knob shaft, the knob shaft passes through the filter cartridge end cover, and the knob shaft passes through the port into the filter box body. A threaded groove is provided at one end, the threaded groove is located at the axis center of the knob shaft, and the threaded groove is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0014] By adopting the above-mentioned structural scheme, tightening the knob shaft to connect the knob shaft with the screw can press the filter cartridge end cover tightly against the end face of the filter cartridge body and the outer wall of the filter box. After tightening, the large sealing ring is tightly in contact with the outer wall of the filter box to achieve sealing, and the small sealing ring is tightly in contact with the end face of the filter cartridge body to achieve sealing.

[0015] As a preferred implementation of a smoke and dust collection and purification device, a triangular knob handle is connected to one end of the knob shaft located outside the filter box.

[0016] The above structural solution makes it easy to manually rotate the knob shaft.

[0017] As a preferred implementation of a smoke collection and purification device, a dust hopper is connected to the bottom of the filter box, the dust hopper is connected to the dirty air chamber, the bottom of the dust hopper is connected to the dust box, and the dust box and the dust hopper are detachably connected.

[0018] With the above structural solution, the dust collecting box can collect fallen dust particles.

[0019] As a preferred implementation method of a smoke collection and purification device, the side wall of the clean air chamber is connected to a back-blowing mechanism, which includes an air bag. The air bag is provided with multiple air outlets, each air outlet corresponds to a filter cartridge, and the air outlet is arranged toward the inner cavity of the filter cartridge. A pulse solenoid valve is installed at the air outlet.

[0020] By adopting the above structural solution, the back-blowing mechanism is started, and when the pulse solenoid valve is opened, the compressed air in the air bag can be sprayed into the inner cavity of the filter cartridge, so that the dust is separated from the outer wall of the filter cartridge.

[0021] As a preferred implementation of a smoke collection and purification device, a fire extinguishing plate is provided inside the filter box, and the fire extinguishing plate is arranged toward the air inlet.

[0022] With the above structural solution, when high-temperature smoke containing sparks and hot-melt slag enters the filter box, it will collide with the fire extinguishing plate, extinguishing the sparks and changing the direction of the slag, reducing its running speed and causing large particles of slag to fall.

[0023] As an optimal implementation of a smoke collection and purification device, a dust unloading door is provided at the bottom of the filter box, and the dust unloading door is located below the fire extinguishing plate; an observation window is provided on the side of the filter box, and the position of the observation window corresponds to the fire extinguishing plate.

[0024] The above structural solution makes it easy to observe the slag accumulation and clean the slag in time.

[0025] The technical solution adopted by a rail grinding vehicle in this application is as follows:

[0026] A rail grinding vehicle comprises a frame and any one of the above-mentioned smoke and dust collection and purification devices, a plurality of groups of grinding heads are provided on both sides of the bottom of the frame along the direction of travel, a filter box is installed above the frame, a smoke and dust collection pipe extends from one end of the filter box away from the filter box to the bottom of the frame, each suction port corresponds to a group of grinding heads, and a baffle is installed at the bottom of the frame.

[0027] By adopting the above-mentioned structural scheme, each dust suction port accurately corresponds to each group of grinding heads. The dust suction port area is small and the negative pressure effect is better. The dust generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads can be quickly and thoroughly sucked into the smoke collection pipe. The dust suction efficiency is high and the space occupied is small.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the utility model include:

[0029] It has multiple dust suction ports, each of which accurately corresponds to each group of grinding heads, reducing the area of ​​the dust suction port, and having a better negative pressure effect. It can quickly and thoroughly suck the dust generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads into the smoke collection pipe, with high dust suction efficiency and the dust suction port taking up less space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of a rail grinding vehicle in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter box in a specific embodiment of the present invention from a top view;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filter box in the first perspective in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filter box in the second viewing angle in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] List of parts and reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Frame; 2. Grinding head; 3. Filter box; 31. Smoke and dust collection duct; 32. Dust suction port; 33. Baffle; 34. Dust discharge door; 35. Observation window; 36. Air outlet; 37. Dirty air chamber; 38. Clean air chamber; 39. Filter mechanism; 391. Filter cartridge; 3911. Filter cartridge body; 3912. Frame; 392. Filter cartridge end cover; 393. Knob handle; 4. Backflush mechanism; 41. Air bag; 42. Pulse solenoid valve; 5. Centrifugal fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment proposes a rail grinding vehicle, comprising a vehicle frame 1 and a smoke and dust collecting and purifying device, wherein a plurality of grinding heads 2 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle frame 1 along the direction of travel. Figure 1-4 The smoke and dust collection and purification device includes a filter box 3, which is installed above the frame 1. An air inlet is opened on the side of the filter box 3, and the air inlet is connected to the smoke and dust collection pipe 31. The smoke and dust collection pipe 31 extends to the bottom of the frame 1 at one end away from the filter box 3 and is provided with multiple dust suction ports 32. Each dust suction port 32 corresponds to a group of grinding heads 2. A baffle 33 is provided between two adjacent dust suction ports 32. The baffle 33 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. The setting of the baffle 33 makes the area where each group of grinding heads 2 is located relatively independent.

[0039] The filter housing 3 is equipped with a fire extinguishing plate, facing the air inlet. A dust removal door 34 is located at the bottom of the filter housing 3, below the fire extinguishing plate. An observation window 35 is provided on the side of the filter housing 3, corresponding to the fire extinguishing plate. When high-temperature smoke containing sparks and molten slag enters the filter housing 3, it collides with the fire extinguishing plate, extinguishing the sparks and simultaneously redirecting and slowing the slag, causing large particles to fall and prevent them from entering the dirty air chamber 37. The observation window and dust removal door 34 facilitate timely monitoring and removal of slag accumulation.

[0040] An air outlet 36 is formed on the side of the filter housing 3. A centrifugal fan 5 is housed within the filter housing 3, with the exhaust port of the centrifugal fan 5 communicating with the air outlet 36. A filter mechanism 39 is provided between the air inlet and the air outlet 36. The filter mechanism 39 includes a partition that separates the interior of the filter housing 3 into a dirty air chamber 37 and a clean air chamber 38. The air inlet communicates with the dirty air chamber 37, and the centrifugal fan 5 is located in the clean air chamber 38.

[0041] The partition is provided with several air vents, each connected to one end of a filter cartridge 391. The inner cavity of the filter cartridge 391 is connected to the air vents, and the position, shape, and size of the air vents match those of the ports within the inner cavity of the filter cartridge 391. The filter cartridge 391 is located within the dirty air chamber 37. A hopper is connected to the bottom of the filter housing 3 and communicates with the dirty air chamber 37. The hopper is located below the filter cartridge 391. A circular flange is attached to the bottom opening of the hopper. The ash box and the circular flange are removably mounted together using quick-release clamps. The ash box is connected to the ash hopper. Universal casters are installed at the bottom of the ash box for flexible movement.

[0042] Connected to the sidewall of the clean air chamber 38 is a backflush mechanism 4, which includes an air bag 41. Air bag 41 is equipped with multiple air outlets, each corresponding to a filter cartridge 391. The air outlets are positioned toward the inner cavity of the filter cartridge 391, and pulse solenoid valves 42 are installed at the air outlets. When backflush mechanism 4 is activated and pulse solenoid valve 42 opens, compressed air in air bag 41 is sprayed into the inner cavity of the filter cartridge 391, causing dust to break off the outer wall of the filter cartridge 391 and fall into the dust collection box through the dust discharge hopper.

[0043] The filter cartridge 391 comprises a cylindrical filter cartridge body 3911 and a frame 3912. The filter cartridge body 3911 is a breathable filter element and is mounted on the exterior of the frame 3912. One end of the frame 3912 is supported in the air port. The end of the frame 3912 facing the port is provided with a screw, which is coaxially arranged with the frame 3912. The end of the filter cartridge body 3911 is sealedly connected to the partition. The side of the filter housing 3 is provided with multiple ports. The end of the filter cartridge body 3911 away from the partition faces the port. Each port is provided with a filter cartridge end cap 392. The filter cartridge end cap 392 is located outside the filter housing 3. The end of the filter cartridge end cap 392 facing the port is connected to a large sealing ring and a small sealing ring. The large sealing ring abuts the outer wall of the filter housing 3, and the small sealing ring abuts the end face of the filter cartridge body 3911. The filter cartridge end cap 392 is rotatably connected to the knob shaft. The knob shaft passes through the end cap of the filter cartridge 391 and enters the filter housing 3 through a port. A threaded groove is formed at the axis of the knob shaft and is threadedly connected to a screw. A triangular knob handle 393 is connected to the end of the knob shaft located outside the filter housing 3. Tightening knob handle 393, connecting the knob shaft to the screw, presses the filter cartridge end cap 392 firmly against the end face of the filter cartridge body 3911 and the outer wall of the filter housing 3. Once tightened, the large sealing ring tightly abuts against the outer wall of the filter housing 3, achieving a seal, while the small sealing ring tightly abuts against the end face of the filter cartridge body 3911, achieving a seal.

[0044] The working principle of this embodiment is:

[0045] When the grinding head 2 is running, the centrifugal fan 5 is turned on to generate a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter box 3. The gas containing smoke and dust generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads 2 enters the smoke collection pipe 31 through the corresponding dust suction port 32, and then enters the dirty air chamber 37 through the air inlet. After being filtered by the filter cartridge 391, the dust particles in the gas are retained on the outside of the filter cartridge 391. After falling, they will enter the ash collecting box through the ash hopper. The filtered gas enters the clean air chamber 38 and is discharged from the air outlet 36 under the action of the centrifugal fan 5.

[0046] In this embodiment, each dust suction port 32 accurately corresponds to each group of grinding heads 2. The dust suction port 32 has a small area and a good negative pressure effect. It can quickly and thoroughly suck the dust generated during the operation of each group of grinding heads 2 into the smoke collection pipe 31, with high dust suction efficiency and small space occupation.

[0047] When a certain amount of dust particles accumulate in the dust box, you can open the quick clamp, remove the dust box and clean the dust particles inside. The operation is simple, fast and flexible to use.

[0048] In order to clearly show each structure in this embodiment, Figure 4 Part of the side wall of the filter box 3 is omitted.

[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A smoke collection and purification device, comprising a filter box (3), characterized in that: An air inlet is provided on the side of the filter box (3), the air inlet is connected to the smoke collection pipe (31), a plurality of dust suction ports (32) are provided at one end of the smoke collection pipe (31) away from the filter box (3), and a baffle (33) is provided between two adjacent dust suction ports (32); an air outlet (36) is provided on the side of the filter box (3), a centrifugal fan (5) is provided inside the filter box (3), and an exhaust port of the centrifugal fan (5) is connected to the air outlet (36); a filtering mechanism (39) is provided between the air inlet and the air outlet (36).

2. A smoke dust collection and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter mechanism (39) includes a partition, which divides the inner cavity of the filter box (3) into a dirty air chamber (37) and a clean air chamber (38). The air inlet is connected to the dirty air chamber (37), and the centrifugal fan (5) is arranged in the clean air chamber (38); a plurality of air ports are opened on the partition, each of which is connected to one end of a filter cartridge (391), and the inner cavity of the filter cartridge (391) is connected to the air port, and the filter cartridge (391) is located in the dirty air chamber (37).

3. A smoke dust collection and purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter cartridge (391) comprises a cylindrical filter cartridge body (3911) and a frame (3912). The filter cartridge body (3911) is a breathable filter element. The filter cartridge body (3911) is mounted on the outside of the frame (3912). One end of the frame (3912) is supported in the air port. The end of the filter cartridge body (3911) is sealed to the partition. A plurality of ports are provided on the side of the filter box (3). The end of the filter cartridge body (3911) away from the partition is opposite to the port. A filter cartridge end cover (392) is provided at each port. The filter cartridge end cover (392) is located outside the filter box (3). A large sealing ring and a small sealing ring are connected to the end face of the filter cartridge end cover (392) facing the port. The large sealing ring abuts against the outer wall of the filter box (3), and the small sealing ring abuts against the end face of the filter cartridge body (3911).

4. A smoke dust collection and purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A screw is provided at one end of the skeleton (3912) facing the port, and the screw is coaxially arranged with the skeleton (3912); the filter cartridge end cap (392) is rotatably connected to the knob shaft, the knob shaft passes through the filter cartridge (391) end cap, and the knob shaft passes through the port into the filter box (3). A threaded groove is provided at one end thereof, the threaded groove being located at the axis of the knob shaft, and the threaded groove is threadedly connected to the screw.

5. The smoke collecting and purifying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the knob shaft located outside the filter housing (3) is connected to a triangular knob handle (393).

6. The smoke collecting and purifying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the filter box (3) is connected to an ash discharge hopper, which is in communication with the dirty air chamber (37). The bottom of the ash discharge hopper is in communication with an ash collecting box, and the ash collecting box and the ash discharge hopper are detachably connected.

7. The smoke collecting and purifying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the clean air chamber (38) is connected to a back-flushing mechanism (4), which includes an air bag (41). The air bag (41) is provided with a plurality of air outlets, each of which corresponds to a filter cartridge (391). The air outlets are arranged toward the inner cavity of the filter cartridge (391), and a pulse electromagnetic valve (42) is installed at the air outlets.

8. The smoke collecting and purifying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fire extinguishing plate is provided inside the filter box (3), and the fire extinguishing plate is arranged toward the air inlet.

9. The smoke collecting and purifying device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the filter box (3) is provided with an ash unloading door (34), which is located below the fire extinguishing plate; the side of the filter box (3) is provided with an observation window (35), and the position of the observation window (35) corresponds to the fire extinguishing plate.

10. A rail grinding vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a frame (1) and any one of the smoke and dust collecting and purifying devices as described in claims 1 to 9, wherein a plurality of grinding heads (2) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the frame (1) along the direction of travel, a filter box (3) is installed above the frame (1), a smoke and dust collecting pipe (31) extends from one end of the filter box (3) away from the filter box to the bottom of the frame (1), each suction port (32) corresponds to a group of grinding heads (2), and a baffle (33) is installed at the bottom of the frame (1).

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