Processing device for zinc-containing materials

Abstract

The utility model discloses a processing device for zinc-containing materials. The processing device for the zinc-containing material comprises a fluidized bed furnace, a smoke dust collecting device and a reaction device, wherein the fluidized bed furnace is suitable for roasting the zinc-containing material to generate smoke dust containing fluorine and chlorine; the smoke dust collecting device is suitable for collecting smoke dust reacted by the fluidized bed furnace; the reaction device is arranged at the downstream of the smoke dust collecting device, and the reaction device is suitable for containing the dissolved smoke dust and carrying out harmless treatment on the dissolved smoke dust in the reaction device. According to the processing device disclosed by the utility model, fluorine and chlorine smoke dust generated by roasting a zinc-containing material can be subjected to alkali washing, an additive is added to separate out a fluoride solid, and chloride is separated out by evaporative crystallization, so that harmless treatment of fluorine and chlorine is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of fluorine and chlorine in zinc-containing materials, in particular to a processing device for zinc-containing materials. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main sources of zinc-containing secondary resources include zinc-containing steel dust and sludge, zinc smelting slag, etc. The traditional zinc smelting process does not have a completely effective method to remove harmful elements such as fluorine and chlorine from the system, resulting in the circulation and enrichment of fluorine and chlorine in the entire wet system, seriously affecting product quality and causing serious harm to the environment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a processing device for zinc-containing materials. The processing device of the present invention can process the fluorine and chlorine fumes generated after the zinc-containing materials are roasted by alkali washing, followed by the addition of additives to precipitate fluoride solids, and then evaporate and crystallize to precipitate chlorides, thereby achieving harmless treatment of the fluorine and chlorine.

[0004] According to the utility model, the processing device for zinc-containing materials includes a boiling furnace, a smoke collection device and a reaction device. The boiling furnace is suitable for roasting zinc-containing materials to generate smoke containing fluorine and chlorine; the smoke collection device is suitable for collecting smoke after the reaction in the boiling furnace; the reaction device is arranged downstream of the smoke collection device, and the reaction device is suitable for accommodating dissolved smoke and performing harmless treatment on the dissolved smoke in the reaction device.

[0005] The processing device of the present invention is provided with a fluidized bed furnace. Roasting the zinc-containing material in the fluidized bed furnace is the first step in extracting zinc from the zinc-containing material. Roasting the zinc-containing material in the fluidized bed furnace produces zinc oxide and fluorine-containing dust. The zinc oxide can be refined using conventional zinc smelting methods, while the fluorine-containing dust can be collected by a dust collection device, preventing the dust from being directly discharged into the environment and causing air pollution. The processing device is also provided with a reaction device, which is located downstream of the dust collection device. That is, the fluorine-containing dust collected by the dust collection device can be transported to the reaction device. After receiving the dust, the reaction device can dissolve the dust and perform a harmless treatment on the dissolved dust. For example, the fluorine and chlorine in the dust can be removed or converted through appropriate chemical reactions or physical processes to prevent the fluorine and chlorine in the dust from causing harm to the environment. The processing device organically combines the steps of roasting, collecting, dissolving, and harmless treatment to form a complete process flow. Furthermore, the reaction device removes or converts harmful elements such as fluorine and chlorine in the dust, thereby improving the quality of zinc extracted from the zinc-containing material and preventing environmental pollution caused by harmful elements.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, the reaction device comprises: a reaction tank and a first adding device, the reaction tank is suitable for containing the dissolved smoke dust; the first adding device is provided with a first inlet communicated with the reaction tank, and the first adding device is suitable for adding a first additive to the reaction tank to wash the dissolved smoke dust with alkali and generate a first section of filter residue and alkali washing filtrate.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present application, the reaction device further comprises: a first filtering device and a first collecting device, the first filtering device is suitable for separating the filter residue and the alkali washing filtrate after reaction in the reaction tank; and the first collecting device is suitable for collecting the alkali washing filtrate filtered by the first filtering device.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, the reaction device further comprises: a second adding device, the second adding device is provided with a second inlet communicated with the first collecting device, and the second adding device is suitable for adding a second additive to the first collecting device to separate the fluoride ion in the alkali washing filtrate and generate a second section of filter residue and a coarse salt solution.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the reaction device further comprises: a second filtering device and a second collecting device, the second filtering device is arranged downstream of the first collecting device and is suitable for separating the second section of filter residue and the coarse salt solution generated after reaction in the first collecting device; and the second collecting device is arranged downstream of the second filtering device and is suitable for collecting the coarse salt solution filtered by the second filtering device.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, the processing device further comprises: a detection device, the detection device is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is suitable for detecting the concentration of chloride ions in the coarse salt solution.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, the processing device further comprises: a recovery device, the recovery device is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is communicated with the reaction tank and / or the second collecting device, and the recovery device is suitable for guiding the coarse salt solution into the reaction tank and / or the second collecting device when the chloride ion concentration detected by the detection device is lower than a preset value.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the processing device further comprises: a first evaporation device, the first evaporation device is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is suitable for evaporating the coarse salt solution collected by the second collecting device to precipitate first salt crystals when the chloride ion content detected by the detection device reaches a preset value.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the processing device further comprises: a centrifugal device, the centrifugal device is arranged downstream of the first evaporation device and is suitable for separating the chloride salt crystals and obtaining a mother liquor.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device further includes: a second evaporation device, which is arranged downstream of the centrifugal device, and the second evaporation device is suitable for evaporating the mother liquor to precipitate second salt crystals.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a processing device according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 The present invention is a simplified flow chart of a method for harmless treatment of zinc-containing materials containing fluorine and chlorine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] Processing device 1;

[0021] boiling furnace 11;

[0022] a smoke collecting device 12;

[0023] Reaction tank 13, first adding device 14, first collecting device 15, second adding device 16, evaporator 17, crystallization device 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] At present, the main sources of zinc-containing secondary resources include zinc-containing steel dust and sludge, zinc smelting slag, etc. The traditional zinc smelting process does not have a completely effective method to remove harmful elements such as fluorine and chlorine from the system, resulting in the circulation and enrichment of fluorine and chlorine in the entire wet system, seriously affecting product quality and causing serious harm to the environment.

[0026] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 2 A processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0027] According to the utility model, the processing device 1 for zinc-containing materials includes a boiling furnace 11, a smoke collection device 12 and a reaction device. The boiling furnace 11 is suitable for roasting zinc-containing materials to generate smoke containing fluorine and chlorine; the smoke collection device 12 is suitable for collecting smoke after the reaction in the boiling furnace 11; the reaction device is arranged downstream of the smoke collection device 12, and the reaction device is suitable for accommodating dissolved smoke and performing harmless treatment on the dissolved smoke in the reaction device.

[0028] According to the processing device 1 of the present invention, a fluidized bed furnace 11 is provided. Placing the zinc-containing material in the fluidized bed furnace 11 for roasting is the first step in processing the zinc-containing material to extract zinc. The zinc-containing material is roasted in the fluidized bed furnace 11 to obtain zinc oxide and smoke containing fluorine and chlorine. Zinc oxide can be used to refine zinc using conventional zinc smelting methods, and smoke containing fluorine and chlorine can be collected by a smoke collection device 12 to avoid direct emission of smoke into the environment and causing air pollution. The processing device 1 is also provided with a reaction device, which is arranged downstream of the smoke collection device 12. That is, the smoke containing fluorine and chlorine collected by the Yancheng collection device can be transported to the reaction device. After receiving the smoke, the reaction device can dissolve the smoke and perform harmless treatment on the dissolved smoke. For example, the fluorine and chlorine in the smoke can be removed or converted through appropriate chemical reactions or physical processes to avoid the harm of the fluorine and chlorine in the smoke to the environment. The processing device 1 organically combines multiple steps such as roasting, collection, dissolution and harmless treatment to form a complete process flow, and removes or transforms harmful elements such as fluorine and chlorine in the smoke through the reaction device, which can improve the quality of zinc extracted from zinc-containing materials and avoid pollution of the environment by harmful elements.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction device includes: a reaction tank 13 and a first adding device 14, the reaction tank 13 is suitable for accommodating dissolved smoke dust; the first adding device 14 is provided with a first inlet connected to the reaction tank 13, and the first adding device 14 is suitable for adding a first additive to the reaction tank 13 to alkaline wash the dissolved smoke dust and generate a section of filter residue and alkaline washing filtrate.

[0030] The reaction device is provided with a reaction tank 13 and a first adding device 14. The reaction tank 13 is connected to the smoke collecting device 12. The smoke collected by the smoke collecting device 12 can be transported to the reaction tank 13, and the smoke is dissolved and contained in the reaction tank 13. The first adding device 14 can add a first additive (usually an alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate) to the reaction tank 13 to perform alkali washing on the dissolved smoke. After alkali washing, the dissolved smoke reacts with the first additive to generate a filter residue and an alkali washing filtrate, thereby removing acidic gases and harmful substances in the smoke. Among them, the filter residue can be basic zinc carbonate, and the alkali washing filtrate contains sodium chloride and sodium fluoride. The first additive separates zinc from harmful elements such as fluorine and chlorine in the smoke, facilitating the subsequent treatment of fluorine and chlorine.

[0031] In some embodiments, the reaction occurring during the alkaline washing process is:

[0032] 3ZnF2+3Na2CO3+H2O=2ZnCO3 . Zn(OH)2+NaF+CO2↑;

[0033] 3ZnCl2+3Na2CO3+H2O=2ZnCO3 . Zn(OH)2+NaCl+CO2↑.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction apparatus further comprises: a first filtering device and a first collecting device 15. The first filtering device is adapted to separate the filter residue and the alkaline wash filtrate after the reaction in the reaction tank 13; the first collecting device 15 is adapted to collect the alkaline wash filtrate after filtration by the first filtering device. The first filtering device can effectively separate the first filter residue and the alkaline wash filtrate produced by the alkaline wash in the reaction tank 13. After filtration by the first filtering device, the alkaline wash filtrate enters the first collecting device 15 for temporary storage, while the first filter residue can be used for zinc smelting in the zinc smelting system.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction device further includes: a second adding device 16, the second adding device 16 is provided with a second inlet connected to the first collecting device 15, and the second adding device 16 is suitable for adding a second additive into the first collecting device 15 to separate the fluoride ions in the alkali washing filtrate and generate a second-stage filter residue and a crude salt solution. The alkali washing filtrate temporarily stored in the first collecting device 15 contains fluoride ions and chloride ions, and the second additive can be added to the first collecting device 15 through the second adding device 16 to remove the fluoride ions. The second additive can be calcium oxide, or a substance that reacts with fluoride ions and generates a precipitate, such as a calcium salt, an aluminum salt, etc. The generated precipitate can effectively remove the fluorine element, wherein the second additive can preferably be calcium oxide. After the fluoride ions react with the second additive, a second-stage filter residue (mainly a precipitate of fluoride) and a crude salt solution are generated. The second-stage filter residue can be further processed or safely disposed of, and the crude salt solution can continue to be used for subsequent processing steps, such as dechlorination, evaporation and crystallization, etc. The fluoride ion content of the crude salt solution after defluoridation treatment is significantly reduced, providing a more stable and reliable raw material for subsequent treatment steps (such as dechlorination, evaporation and crystallization, etc.), helping to ensure the smooth progress of the entire treatment process.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction device further includes: a second filtering device and a second collecting device, the second filtering device being arranged downstream of the first collecting device 15 and being suitable for separating the second-stage filter residue and the crude salt solution generated after the reaction in the first collecting device 15; the second collecting device being arranged downstream of the second filtering device and being suitable for collecting the crude salt solution filtered by the second filtering device. The second filtering device can efficiently separate the second-stage filter residue (mainly fluoride precipitate, such as calcium fluoride) and the crude salt solution generated after the reaction in the first collecting device 15, and the separated second-stage filter residue can be specially treated to avoid the harm of fluorine to the environment; the crude salt solution is then stored in the second collecting device. At this time, the harmful element in the crude salt solution is mainly chlorine, and the chlorine can be treated in a targeted manner (generally by evaporation and crystallization) to remove the chlorine.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device 1 further includes a detection device, disposed downstream of the second collection device and adapted to detect the concentration of chloride ions in the crude salt solution. The detection device can detect the concentration of chloride ions in the crude salt solution and, based on the detection result, adopt different treatment plans for the crude salt solution, thereby more efficiently removing the chlorine element.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device 1 further includes: a recovery device, which is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is connected to the reaction tank 13 and / or the second collecting device. The recovery device is suitable for introducing the crude salt solution into the reaction tank 13 and / or the second collecting device when the chloride ion concentration detected by the detection device is lower than a preset value. The recovery device is located downstream of the detection device and can take corresponding treatments on the crude salt solution according to the detection results of the detection device. For example, when the detection device detects that the chloride ion concentration is lower than the preset value, it is judged that the chloride ion content in the crude salt solution at this time is too low and is not suitable for direct evaporation and crystallization (or other means of treating chloride ions). Therefore, the crude salt solution can be transported back to the alkaline washing process for cyclic enrichment until the chloride ion concentration detected by the detection device reaches the preset value. The setting of the recovery device can improve the efficiency of chloride ion treatment.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device 1 further includes: a first evaporation device, the first evaporation device being disposed downstream of the second collecting device and being adapted to evaporate the crude salt solution collected by the second collecting device to precipitate first salt crystals when the chloride ion content detected by the detection device reaches a preset value. The first evaporation device is also disposed downstream of the second collecting device. When the detection result of the detection device indicates that the chloride ion concentration in the crude salt solution is greater than the preset value, the second collecting device can transport the crude salt solution to the first evaporation device for evaporation (specifically, a triple-effect negative pressure evaporation can be used). After evaporation, a saturated slurry of sodium chloride is obtained, and the saturated slurry of sodium chloride can be processed to obtain first salt crystals (i.e., sodium chloride crystals).

[0040] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing apparatus 1 further comprises a centrifuge, disposed downstream of the first evaporation apparatus and adapted to separate chloride salt crystals and obtain a mother liquor. The centrifuge can centrifuge the saturated sodium chloride slurry produced by the first evaporation apparatus to obtain sodium chloride solids and a mother liquor, thereby achieving harmless treatment of the chlorine element.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the processing device 1 further comprises: a second evaporation device, the second evaporation device being disposed downstream of the centrifugal device, and the second evaporation device being adapted to evaporate the mother liquor to precipitate second salt crystals. The mother liquor produced after centrifugation by the centrifugal device can be fed into the second evaporation device (the second evaporation device can be a double-effect evaporation device) for countercurrent high-efficiency evaporation to precipitate second salt crystals (potassium chloride solid). Thus, the chlorine element in the crude salt solution is harmlessly removed, and the hazardous elements (fluorine and chlorine) in the entire zinc-containing material are harmlessly treated.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first evaporation device and the second evaporation device may be Figure 1 The same evaporator 17 is shown. At this time, a crystallization device 18 can be set downstream of the evaporator 17 to precipitate sodium chloride solid and potassium chloride solid.

[0043] The method for harmless treatment of fluorine and chlorine in zinc-containing materials according to the present invention can be simply understood as follows:

[0044] S1: placing the zinc-containing material in a boiling furnace 11 and roasting (obtaining zinc oxide and fluorine and chlorine dust);

[0045] S2: After the fluorine and chlorine smoke is dissolved, it is put into the reaction tank 13 and the first additive (sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate) is added to the reaction tank 13 for alkaline washing;

[0046] S3: filtering the product after alkali washing to obtain a filter residue and an alkali washing filtrate;

[0047] S4: adding calcium oxide to the alkali washing filtrate, filtering after the reaction to obtain the second stage filter residue (calcium fluoride) and crude salt solution;

[0048] S5: Evaporating and crystallizing the crude salt solution to obtain sodium chloride solid, potassium chloride solid (with less potassium chloride solid content) and mother liquor.

[0049] In the above method, the mother liquor can be returned to the crude salt solution to enrich potassium ions. After multiple enrichments, when the potassium ion concentration in the crude salt solution is high, the crude salt solution can be evaporated and crystallized to obtain potassium chloride solid.

[0050] In the above method, a detection device can be used to detect the chloride ion concentration before evaporation and crystallization. If the chloride ion concentration is lower than a preset value (the preset value can be 35g / L), the crude salt solution is returned to the alkaline washing process to enrich the chloride ions, thereby improving the efficiency of evaporation and crystallization.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more such features.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means two or more.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact via another feature therebetween.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, a first feature “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0056] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative use of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing device for zinc-containing materials, characterized in that: include: A fluidized bed furnace, wherein the fluidized bed furnace is suitable for roasting zinc-containing materials to generate fluorine-containing chlorine-containing smoke; A smoke collecting device, wherein the smoke collecting device is suitable for collecting smoke after the reaction in the boiling furnace; a reaction device, the reaction device being arranged downstream of the smoke collecting device, the reaction device being adapted to receive the dissolved smoke and to render the dissolved smoke harmless within the reaction device; The reaction device includes a reaction tank, which is suitable for accommodating dissolved smoke; The reaction device includes a first adding device, the first adding device is provided with a first inlet connected to the reaction tank, and the first adding device is suitable for adding a first additive to the reaction tank to alkali wash the dissolved smoke and generate a filter residue and an alkali washing filtrate; The reaction device includes a first filtering device, which is suitable for separating the filter residue and the alkaline washing filtrate after the reaction in the reaction tank; The reaction device comprises a first collecting device, wherein the first collecting device is suitable for collecting the alkaline washing filtrate filtered by the first filtering device; The reaction device includes a second adding device, the second adding device is provided with a second inlet connected to the first collecting device, and the second adding device is suitable for adding a second additive into the first collecting device to separate fluoride ions in the alkaline washing filtrate and generate a second-stage filter residue and a crude salt solution; The reaction device includes a second filtering device, which is arranged downstream of the first collecting device and is suitable for separating the second-stage filter residue and the crude salt solution generated after the reaction in the first collecting device; The reaction device includes a second collecting device, which is arranged downstream of the second filtering device and is suitable for collecting the crude salt solution filtered by the second filtering device.

2. The processing device for zinc-containing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A detection device is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is suitable for detecting the concentration of chloride ions in the crude salt solution.

3. The processing device for zinc-containing materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A recovery device is arranged downstream of the second collecting device and is connected to the reaction tank and / or the second collecting device, and the recovery device is suitable for introducing the crude salt solution into the reaction tank and / or the second collecting device when the chloride ion concentration detected by the detection device is lower than a preset value.

4. The processing device for zinc-containing materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A first evaporation device is provided downstream of the second collecting device and is adapted to evaporate the crude salt solution collected by the second collecting device to precipitate first salt crystals when the chloride ion content detected by the detecting device reaches a preset value.

5. The processing device for zinc-containing materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A centrifugal device is provided downstream of the first evaporation device and is suitable for separating chloride salt crystals and obtaining mother liquor.

6. The processing device for zinc-containing materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A second evaporation device is provided downstream of the centrifugal device, and the second evaporation device is suitable for evaporating the mother liquor to precipitate second salt crystals.

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