Cutter shield tunneling machine for central small pilot tunnel for hard rock stratum vertical shaft tunneling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cutterhead shield tunneling machine for a central small pilot tunnel for hard rock stratum vertical shaft tunneling, the cutterhead shield tunneling machine comprises a cutterhead assembly, a driving assembly and a shield, the driving assembly is arranged in the shield and is connected with the cutterhead assembly, and the shield is provided with a plurality of drilling skylights along the circumferential direction; the driving assembly comprises a motor, a cutterhead frame and a counter-force frame, a base of the motor is installed on the counter-force frame, a motor shaft is connected with the cutterhead assembly through the cutterhead frame, and the motor drives the cutterhead assembly to rotate. The utility model has the advantages that the small-diameter cutterhead shield is adopted to form the central pilot tunnel in the hard rock vertical shaft tunneling process, a blasting free face is added for drilling and blasting excavation of a large-diameter hard rock vertical shaft, the number of blasting cartridges is reduced, and the cost is saved; the small-diameter cutterhead shield tunneling machine is used for constructing a large-diameter vertical shaft, deformation of surrounding rock of the vertical shaft can be reduced, and construction safety of the vertical shaft is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shaft shield equipment, especially a cutter head shield machine for central small pilot hole for hard rock stratum shaft driving. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of cities in China, urban renewal and reconstruction have become the future development trend. With the acceleration of urban renewal in China, the problem of underground space utilization is increasingly prominent. Major cities have built shaft garages to alleviate the parking problem, underground water storage pools to regulate flood disasters and water resource recycling, vertical shafts for underground energy storage and underground energy storage space, mountain tunnel ventilation shafts, etc. Shaft construction methods are divided into manual excavation construction, semi-mechanical excavation construction and mechanical excavation construction. Shield is widely used due to its advantages of fast excavation speed, high safety, and small impact on the surrounding environment.

[0003] Large-diameter shaft mechanized construction has always been a difficult problem in the field of underground engineering. Currently, manual excavation of shafts is used, and after the shaft is constructed on the ground, it is excavated and sunk. The construction speed is slow, and the shaft may be inclined, sink unevenly, and need to add sinking aids during sinking. In recent years, with the development of technology, some mechanized construction equipment has gradually appeared, but there are problems such as low degree of mechanization, slow slagging speed affecting construction progress, etc. Especially in hard rock stratum, single drilling and blasting method or shield construction is usually used, which has problems such as low construction efficiency, safety of construction personnel, serious tool wear and frequent tool replacement, etc. It cannot comprehensively utilize the characteristics of high safety of shield, small impact on the surrounding environment and high efficiency of drilling and blasting method for hard rock excavation. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at the deficiency of prior art, provides a kind of cutter head shield machine for central small pilot hole for hard rock stratum shaft driving, the cutter head shield machine is composed of cutter head component, drive assembly and shield, drive assembly is located in shield and is connected with cutter head component, shield is along its circumferential and is equipped with several drill hole skylights, drive assembly drives cutter head component to rotate. Small-diameter cutter head shield is used to form central pilot hole in the process of hard rock shaft driving, which increases the blasting free face for large-diameter hard rock shaft drilling and blasting excavation, reduces the number of blasting cartridges and saves cost.

[0005] The utility model realizes the following technical scheme:

[0006] A cutterhead shield machine for a central small pilot tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock formations, the cutterhead shield machine comprising a cutterhead assembly, a drive assembly and a shield, the drive assembly being disposed within the shield and connected to the cutterhead assembly, the shield being provided with a plurality of drilling skylights along its circumference; the drive assembly comprising a motor, a cutterhead frame and a reaction frame, the base of the motor being mounted on the reaction frame, the motor shaft being connected to the cutterhead assembly via the cutterhead frame, and the motor driving the cutterhead assembly to rotate.

[0007] The cutter disc assembly includes a cutter disc, a roller cutter and a scraper. The cutter disc includes a central circle cutter disc and a fan-shaped cutter disc. Multiple fan-shaped cutter discs are arranged along the circumference of the central circle cutter disc. A slag inlet is formed between adjacent fan-shaped cutter discs. Several groups of scrapers are provided on both sides of the arc of the fan-shaped cutter disc, several groups of roller cutters are provided in the middle of the fan-shaped cutter disc, and several groups of roller cutters are provided on the central circle cutter disc.

[0008] The cutter disc frame consists of a connecting disc and a support foot. The connecting disc is annular. The two sides of the connecting disc are respectively connected to the motor shaft of the motor and the support foot. The support foot is inclined and arranged in multiple numbers along the circumference of the connecting disc. The support foot is connected to the cutter disc assembly.

[0009] The reaction frame consists of a fan-shaped support plate, a reaction plate, radial ribs and arc-shaped ribs. The reaction plate is circular. There are multiple fan-shaped support plates arranged along the circumference of the reaction plate. The radial ribs and the arc-shaped ribs are arranged along the radial direction and arc direction of the fan-shaped support plate respectively.

[0010] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0011] (1) During the excavation of hard rock shafts, a small-diameter cutterhead shield is used to form a central pilot tunnel, which increases the blasting surface for large-diameter hard rock shaft drilling and blasting, reduces the number of blasting cartridges, and saves costs;

[0012] (2) Shield tunneling is highly safe but suffers from the problem of severe tool wear and high maintenance costs in hard rock formations, while the drilling and blasting method is low-cost but less safe. Combining the advantages and disadvantages of the shield method and the drilling and blasting method, only a small-diameter cutterhead shield is used to form a central pilot hole to increase the blasting free surface, reduce the number of tools and the length of use, reduce tool wear, and save costs;

[0013] (3) Using a small-diameter cutterhead shield machine to construct a large-diameter vertical shaft can reduce the deformation of the shaft surrounding rock and ensure the safety of the shaft construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cutterhead shield machine of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1AA cross-section of

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 2 CC cross-section diagram;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 2 DD profile;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 2 EE profile diagram;

[0020] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the excavation method of the cutterhead shield machine of the present invention;

[0021] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the marks in the figure represent:

[0022] 1. Cutterhead shield machine, 2. Hard rock formation, 3. Vertical shaft;

[0023] 11. Cutterhead assembly, 12. Drive assembly, 13. Shield, 14. Drilling skylight;

[0024] 111. Cutterhead, 112. Hob, 113. Scraper, 114. Slag inlet;

[0025] 121. Motor, 122. Motor shaft, 123. Cutter head, 124. Reaction frame;

[0026] 1231. Connecting plate, 1232. Support foot;

[0027] 1241. Fan-shaped support plate, 1242. Reaction plate, 1243. Radial rib plate, 1244. Arc-shaped rib plate;

[0028] 21. Palm face, 22. Center guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a further detailed description of the features of the present invention and other related features through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0030] Example: Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment relates to a cutterhead shield machine for a small central guide tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock strata, which is used for excavating a hard rock stratum 2 in a vertical shaft 3 and can excavate a central guide tunnel 22 on the face 21 of the hard rock stratum 2. The cutterhead shield machine 1 mainly includes a cutterhead assembly 11, a drive assembly 12 and a shield 13. The drive assembly 12 is arranged in the shield 13 and is connected to the cutterhead assembly 11. The shield 13 is provided with a plurality of drilling skylights 14 along its circumference. The drilling skylights 14 can be used to drill blastholes for installing cartridges. The drive assembly 12 drives the cutterhead assembly 11 to rotate, thereby realizing the downward rotation of the cutterhead shield machine 1 to excavate the central guide tunnel 22.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the cutterhead assembly 11 includes a cutterhead 111, roller cutters 112, and scrapers 113. The cutterhead 111 includes a central circular cutterhead and sector cutterheads. Six sector cutterheads are arranged along the circumference of the central circular cutterhead, with a slag inlet 114 formed between adjacent sector cutterheads. Three sets of scrapers 113 are located on either side of the sector cutterhead, three sets of roller cutters 112 are located in the middle of the sector cutterhead, and two sets of roller cutters 112 are located on the central circular cutterhead. The two sets of roller cutters 112 on the central circular cutterhead form a cross. The roller cutters 112 and scrapers 113 are used to excavate the hard rock formation 2, thereby forming slag, which can enter the shield 13 through the slag inlet 114.

[0032] like Figures 1 and 2 as well as Figures 5 and 6 As shown, the drive assembly 12 includes a motor 121, a cutterhead frame 123, and a reaction frame 124. The base of the motor 121 is mounted on the reaction frame 124 (reaction plate 1242). The motor shaft 122 is connected to the sector-shaped cutterhead of the cutterhead assembly 11 through the cutterhead frame 123. The motor 121 drives the cutterhead assembly 11 to rotate. The cutterhead frame 123 consists of a connecting disk 1231 and support legs 1232. The connecting disk 1231 is annular. The two sides of the connecting disk 1232 are connected to the motor shaft 122 of the motor 121 and the support legs 1232 respectively. The support legs 1232 are arranged at an angle and are arranged in six directions along the circumference of the connecting disk 1231. The support legs 1232 are connected to the sector-shaped cutterhead of the cutterhead assembly 11. The reaction frame 124 is composed of a fan-shaped support plate 1241, a reaction plate 1242, radial ribs 1243 and arc-shaped ribs 1244. The reaction plate 1242 is circular. There are 6 fan-shaped support plates 1241 arranged along the circumference of the reaction plate 1242. The radial ends of the fan-shaped support plate 1241 are respectively connected to the reaction plate 1242 and the shield 13. The radial ribs 1243 and the arc-shaped ribs 1244 are respectively arranged along the radial direction and arc direction of the fan-shaped support plate 1241 to strengthen the fan-shaped support plate 1241.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for tunneling a small central pilot tunnel in a hard rock formation using shield tunneling and annular blasting in steps. The tunneling method mainly includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: A central pilot tunnel 22 is excavated on the tunnel face 21 of the hard rock stratum 2 in the vertical shaft 3 using the cutterhead shield machine 1 .

[0035] When the cutterhead shield machine 1 is located on the tunnel face 21 , the motor 121 of the drive assembly 12 is started, and the motor 121 of the drive assembly 12 drives the cutterhead assembly 11 to rotate, so that the cutterhead shield machine 1 excavates the central guide tunnel 22 downward.

[0036] S2: After the excavation of the central pilot hole 22 is completed, the motor 121 of the driving assembly 12 is turned off.

[0037] S3: Using the drilling window 14 of the shield 13, a blast hole is opened on the hard rock formation 2 around the central guide hole 22, and a charge is installed in the blast hole.

[0038] The blast holes (charge rolls) are arranged radially with the central guide hole 22 as the center.

[0039] S4: Move the cutterhead shield machine 1 upwards, so that the cutterhead assembly 11 of the cutterhead shield machine 1 moves to the tunnel face 21.

[0040] S5: Detonate the explosive cartridge and remove the rock debris produced after the explosive cartridge is blasted.

[0041] S6: Repeat steps S1 to S5 to excavate the next tunnel face 21 until the excavation of the shaft 3 is completed.

[0042] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are:

[0043] (1) During the excavation of hard rock shafts, a small-diameter cutterhead shield is used to form a central pilot tunnel, which increases the blasting surface for large-diameter hard rock shaft drilling and blasting, reduces the number of blasting cartridges, and saves costs;

[0044] (2) Shield tunneling is highly safe but suffers from the problem of severe tool wear and high maintenance costs in hard rock formations, while the drilling and blasting method is low-cost but less safe. Combining the advantages and disadvantages of the shield method and the drilling and blasting method, only a small-diameter cutterhead shield is used to form a central pilot hole to increase the blasting free surface, reduce the number of tools and the length of use, reduce tool wear, and save costs;

[0045] (3) Using a small-diameter cutterhead shield machine to construct a large-diameter vertical shaft can reduce the deformation of the shaft surrounding rock and ensure the safety of the shaft construction.

[0046] Although the above embodiments have described the concepts and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, ordinary technicians in this field can recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, so they are not described here one by one.

Claims

1. A cutterhead shield machine with a central small pilot tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock formations, characterized by: The cutterhead shield machine includes a cutterhead assembly, a drive assembly and a shield. The drive assembly is arranged in the shield and connected to the cutterhead assembly. The shield has a plurality of drilled skylights along its circumference. The drive assembly includes a motor, a cutterhead frame and a reaction frame. The base of the motor is installed on the reaction frame, and the motor shaft is connected to the cutterhead assembly through the cutterhead frame. The motor drives the cutterhead assembly to rotate.

2. A cutterhead shield machine with a central small pilot tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc assembly includes a cutter disc, a roller cutter and a scraper. The cutter disc includes a central circle cutter disc and a fan-shaped cutter disc. Multiple fan-shaped cutter discs are arranged along the circumference of the central circle cutter disc. A slag inlet is formed between adjacent fan-shaped cutter discs. Several groups of scrapers are provided on both sides of the arc of the fan-shaped cutter disc, several groups of roller cutters are provided in the middle of the fan-shaped cutter disc, and several groups of roller cutters are provided on the central circle cutter disc.

3. A cutterhead shield machine with a central small pilot tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc frame consists of a connecting disc and a support foot. The connecting disc is annular. The two sides of the connecting disc are respectively connected to the motor shaft of the motor and the support foot. The support foot is inclined and arranged in multiple numbers along the circumference of the connecting disc. The support foot is connected to the cutter disc assembly.

4. A cutterhead shield machine with a central small pilot tunnel for vertical shaft excavation in hard rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction frame consists of a fan-shaped support plate, a reaction plate, radial ribs and arc-shaped ribs. The reaction plate is circular. There are multiple fan-shaped support plates arranged along the circumference of the reaction plate. The radial ribs and the arc-shaped ribs are arranged along the radial direction and arc direction of the fan-shaped support plate respectively.

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