Electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device and ammonia fuel engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device and an ammonia fuel engine, and relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device comprises a jet device, an auxiliary electrode, a spark plug and an ammonia sprayer, the jet device comprises a jet device main body and a jet nozzle, and the jet device main body is connected with the jet nozzle to form a pre-combustion chamber; the pre-combustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the auxiliary electrode comprises a pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode and a main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode is connected with the control unit through an electrical circuit, and an electric field is formed in the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber; the spark plug is electrically connected with the control unit through an electrical circuit; and the ammonia spraying device is used for spraying ammonia gas into the pre-combustion chamber through a nozzle outlet of the ammonia spraying device, the ammonia gas is fully mixed with air in the pre-combustion chamber, the mixed gas is ignited at an ignition electrode of the spark plug under the action of an electric field, and the ammonia mixed gas in the main combustion chamber is ignited. Electric field combustion supporting is applied to the jet ignition device, and the combustion reaction rate and the flame propagation speed are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device and an ammonia fuel engine. Background Art

[0002] As a hydrogen energy carrier, ammonia offers advantages such as zero carbon emissions, high volumetric energy density, easy storage and transportation, and low fire risk. Ammonia internal combustion engines are a key approach to achieving carbon neutrality in internal combustion engines. However, ammonia has unfavorable combustion characteristics such as high ignition energy and slow flame propagation, making enhanced combustion strategies for ammonia internal combustion engines a research priority.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application number 202210892522.1 discloses a jet combustion system for a hydrogen-ammonia internal combustion engine and its combustion control method. It describes a solution combining direct liquid ammonia injection into the pre-combustion chamber, a glow plug, and a catalyst. However, this solution has a limited catalytic time, and the direct injection of liquid ammonia into the glow plug creates a strong cooling effect, placing extremely high demands on the catalyst's response. Furthermore, the solution lacks a spark plug, raising concerns about ignition reliability.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application number 202210830362.8 discloses an integrated hydrogen-generating jet ignition device and ammonia-fueled engine control system, introducing an integrated hydrogen-generating combustion-supporting solution. However, this solution also suffers from insufficient catalyst response.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application number 202210038687.2 discloses a multi-combustion mode ammonia-fueled engine and its control method, introducing a technical solution using an ignition agent for the pre-combustion chamber and ammonia for the main combustion chamber. However, this solution requires the replenishment and storage of at least two fuels, significantly complicating the system. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides an electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device and an ammonia fuel engine to solve the technical problems of the existing ammonia internal combustion engine, such as the difficulty in igniting ammonia gas, the slow flame propagation speed and the complex system, and realize the clean and efficient operation of the internal combustion engine using ammonia as fuel.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the first object of the present utility model is to provide an electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device installed on an internal combustion engine, comprising:

[0008] an ejector, comprising an ejector body and a jet nozzle installed in a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the ejector body and the jet nozzle are connected to form a pre-combustion chamber having an internal space, and the pre-combustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber;

[0009] An auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode being connected to an external control unit via an electrical line and forming an electric field in the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber;

[0010] a spark plug disposed in the ejector body, with an ignition electrode of the spark plug located in the pre-combustion chamber, and the spark plug being electrically connected to the control unit via an electrical circuit;

[0011] an ammonia injector, disposed in the ejector body, wherein the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector is in communication with the pre-combustion chamber;

[0012] The ammonia injector is used to inject ammonia into the pre-combustion chamber through the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector, and fully mix it with air in the pre-combustion chamber. The mixed gas is ignited at the ignition electrode of the spark plug under the action of the electric field, and ignites the ammonia mixture in the main combustion chamber.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the auxiliary electrode includes a pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode located in the pre-combustion chamber and a main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode located in the main combustion chamber.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the outside of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode is wrapped with a pre-combustion chamber insulator arranged in the ejector body.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the outside of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode is wrapped with a main combustion chamber insulator arranged in the jet nozzle.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed spray holes, and the pre-combustion chamber is connected with the main combustion chamber through the spray holes.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the spray holes include a central spray hole located on the central axis of the jet nozzle and peripheral spray holes that are evenly distributed and form a certain angle with the central axis of the jet nozzle, and the diameter of the central spray hole is larger than that of the peripheral spray holes.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the axis of the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector is not in the same plane as the axis of the ejector body.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode and the surrounding spray holes are staggered at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the jet nozzle.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, it also includes a sealing structure, a clamping structure and a connecting structure, one end of the clamping structure is connected to the end of the ejector away from the main combustion chamber, and the other end is connected to the connecting structure, and the sealing structure is connected between the ejector and the clamping structure.

[0021] The second purpose of the present utility model is to provide an ammonia fuel engine, including the electric field assisted combustion jet ignition device as described above, the cylinder of the ammonia fuel engine is provided with an intake duct and an exhaust duct connected to the main combustion chamber, the intake duct is provided with an intake valve, and the exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust valve.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages and beneficial effects, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0023] The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device in the utility model is composed of an ejector, an auxiliary electrode, a spark plug, an ammonia injector and a control unit. The ejector is an engine fuel supply device, which is used to supply fuel to the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber. The ammonia injector is arranged in the ejector body, and the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector is located in the pre-combustion chamber. The ammonia injector is used to inject ammonia into the pre-combustion chamber; the spark plug is installed in the ejector body, and the ignition electrode of the spark plug is also arranged in the pre-combustion chamber; the auxiliary electrode can play a disturbing role in the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber, and utilizes the wake effect and the wall effect to increase the turbulent kinetic energy and the swirl ratio of the gas mixture, so that the flame jet and the gas in the main combustion chamber are efficiently mixed, thereby promoting the effect of multi-point high-energy ignition.

[0024] Under the control of the control unit (ECU), a first voltage is generated between the auxiliary electrode in the pre-combustion chamber and the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber, and a second voltage is generated between the auxiliary electrode in the main combustion chamber and the inner wall of the main combustion chamber. A specific high-voltage difference is formed between the first and second voltages, as required by the combustion system. The electric field combustion-supporting device is applied to a jet ignition device, typically using ammonia fuel. This device simultaneously utilizes the polarity of ammonia molecules, the ionic wind effect, and electrochemical effects to support combustion, accelerating the combustion reaction rate and the propagation speed of the ammonia flame, thereby improving the power and reliability of the ammonia engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of the structure of the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a jet nozzle in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pre-combustion chamber in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the structure of the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device in the embodiment of the utility model after the jet nozzle is removed;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the auxiliary electrode of the pre-combustion chamber in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an ammonia injector in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1-Ejector;

[0035] 11- ejector body; 12- jet nozzle; 121- spray hole; 1211- central spray hole; 1212- peripheral spray holes;

[0036] 2- auxiliary electrode;

[0037] 21- pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode; 211- pre-combustion chamber insulator; 22- main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode; 221- main combustion chamber insulator;

[0038] 3-spark plug; 31-ignition electrode;

[0039] 4- ammonia sprayer; 41- nozzle outlet;

[0040] 5- pre-combustion chamber;

[0041] 6-Assisted airbag system;

[0042] 61-air bag; 62-gas pipeline; 63-external gas source;

[0043] 7-sealing structure; 8-clamping structure; 9-connecting structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, if there are words such as "several", it means one or more, and "more" means more than two. Greater than, less than, and exceed are understood to exclude the number itself, and above, below, and within are understood to include the number itself.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0048] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0049] like Figure 1-8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric field combustion-supported jet ignition device, which is installed on an internal combustion engine to solve the technical problems of difficulty in igniting ammonia gas and slow flame propagation speed in the internal combustion engine. To this end, the electric field combustion-supported jet ignition device in this embodiment includes an ejector 1, an auxiliary electrode 2, a spark plug 3, an ammonia injector 4 and a control unit, wherein:

[0050] The ejector 1 includes an ejector body 11 and a jet nozzle 12. The jet nozzle 12 is installed in the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The ejector body 11 and the jet nozzle 12 are connected to form a pre-combustion chamber 5 with an internal space. The pre-combustion chamber 5 is communicated with the main combustion chamber.

[0051] The auxiliary electrode 2 includes a pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and a main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22. The pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 is located in the pre-combustion chamber 5, and the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is located in the main combustion chamber. The auxiliary electrode 2 is connected to an external control unit through an electrical circuit, and forms an electric field in the pre-combustion chamber 5 and the main combustion chamber. The use of electric field to assist combustion is not only sensitive and convenient to adjust, but also has high energy efficiency and simple structure.

[0052] The spark plug 3 is disposed in the ejector body 11 , and the ignition electrode 31 of the spark plug 3 is located in the pre-combustion chamber. The spark plug 3 is electrically connected to the control unit through an electrical circuit.

[0053] The ammonia injector 4 is disposed in the ejector body 11 , and a nozzle outlet 41 of the ammonia injector 4 is communicated with the pre-combustion chamber 5 .

[0054] The ammonia injector 4 is used to inject ammonia into the pre-combustion chamber 5 through the nozzle outlet 41 of the ammonia injector 4, and fully mix it with air in the pre-combustion chamber 5. The mixed gas is ignited at the ignition electrode 31 of the spark plug 3 by the action of the electric field, and ignites the ammonia mixture in the main combustion chamber.

[0055] Specifically, see Figure 1 、 2 4, in the embodiment of the present utility model, in order to solve the combustion problems such as the difficulty in igniting ammonia and the slow flame propagation speed, the ignition device is installed in the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device is composed of an ejector 1, an auxiliary electrode 2, a spark plug 3, an ammonia injector 4 and a control unit. The ejector 1 is an engine fuel supply device for supplying fuel to the pre-combustion chamber 5 and the main combustion chamber. In this embodiment, the ejector 1 includes an air ejector and an ammonia fuel ejector. The nozzle of the air ejector extends into the pre-combustion chamber 5 for injecting air into the pre-combustion chamber 5, and the nozzle of the ammonia fuel ejector extends into the pre-combustion chamber 5 for injecting air into the pre-combustion chamber 5. The fuel is injected into the pre-combustion chamber 5. In addition, the ejector 1 can also be any other device or method known in the art; the ammonia injector 4 is arranged in the ejector body 11, and the nozzle outlet 41 of the ammonia injector 4 is located in the pre-combustion chamber 5, and the ammonia injector 4 is used to inject ammonia into the pre-combustion chamber 5; the spark plug 3 is also installed in the ejector body 11, and the ignition electrode 31 of the spark plug 3 is also arranged in the pre-combustion chamber 5; the auxiliary electrode 2 can play a turbulent role in the pre-combustion chamber 5 and the main combustion chamber, and utilize the wake effect and the wall effect to increase the turbulent kinetic energy and swirl ratio of the gas mixture, so that the flame jet and the gas in the main combustion chamber are efficiently mixed, and the effect of multi-point high-energy ignition is promoted.

[0056] Under the control of the control unit (ECU), a first voltage is formed between the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 5, and a second voltage is formed between the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 and the inner wall of the main combustion chamber. According to the requirements of the combustion system, a high voltage difference of a specific size is formed between the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0057] For example: when the first voltage and the second voltage are high-frequency AC voltages, the electromagnetic field energy generated by the auxiliary electrode 2 can be input into the main combustion chamber through the excitation of the vibrational energy level and / or the electronic energy level and the forced vibration of the plasma, thereby improving the fuel activity in the main combustion chamber.

[0058] For another example: when the first voltage and the second voltage are low-frequency or DC voltages, the electric field in the same direction as the flame propagation direction can enhance the mass transfer and heat transfer inside the system with the help of the ion wind effect, significantly accelerating the flame front speed, while the electric field in the opposite direction to the flame propagation direction can enhance the mass transfer and heat transfer and accelerate the reaction rate while playing a role in confining the flame.

[0059] If a DC voltage is applied to the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22, the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 can be set to a negative potential to generate an electron flow away from the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and a cation flow directed toward the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21, thereby promoting mass transfer and heat transfer and reducing combustion chamber wall erosion; the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 can be set to a positive potential (the positive and negative potentials are both relative to the jet nozzle 12 or the ground potential) to facilitate the overall electrical neutrality of the device to the outside, reduce the external charging and discharging of the combustion chamber shell, improve safety, and at the same time generate a cation wind directed toward the jet nozzle 12, thereby reducing heat transfer losses through the main combustion chamber wall and suppressing the quenching effect of the jet nozzle 12.

[0060] If an AC voltage is applied to the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22, the alternating frequency should be above 10 kHz (mainly for electrochemical combustion support) or below 100 Hz (mainly for ionic wind combustion support).

[0061] It should be noted that the material of the auxiliary electrode 2 can be selected from aluminum alloy. The electrode position and voltage of the auxiliary electrode 2 shall not exceed the dielectric strength, and the field strength in the combustion area (especially near the ignition position) shall be maximized, while minimizing heat transfer losses and obstruction to normal flow transport. For example, the auxiliary electrode 21 of the pre-combustion chamber is relatively close to the electrode of the spark plug 3 on the one hand to increase the initial ignition energy, and is close to the center of the large vortex in the pre-combustion chamber on the other hand, occupying the "dead zone" of the flow field, reducing heat transfer and flow losses, and at the same time relying on the electric field that is stronger the closer to the electrode to compensate for the ignition energy input of the boundary layer; for another example, the auxiliary electrode 22 of the main combustion chamber has a one-to-one correspondence with the circumferentially arranged nozzles to increase the combustion-supporting field strength, while not strictly located on the nozzle axis, reducing heat transfer, flow losses and electrode mechanical load while also utilizing the wall effect to generate vortices and utilizing the wake effect to increase turbulent kinetic energy, thereby enhancing the main combustion chamber gas ignition and flame propagation.

[0062] In addition, the spark generation position of the ignition electrode of the spark plug 3 is located near the combustible gas-air mixture boundary layer, which is conducive to the efficient and reliable ignition of ammonia.

[0063] To this end, the embodiment of the present invention applies electric field combustion assistance to the jet ignition device, uses ammonia as fuel, and utilizes the polarity of ammonia molecules, ion wind effect, electrochemical effect, etc. for combustion assistance, which can accelerate the combustion reaction rate, increase the ammonia flame propagation speed, and improve the power and reliability of the ammonia engine; the use of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 can promote the stable ignition and rapid combustion of the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 5, and then through the jet nozzle 12, realize multi-point high-energy ignition and stable and efficient combustion in the main combustion chamber.

[0064] The combustion in the pre-combustion chamber 5 is enhanced, while the heat transfer loss and heat load on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 5 are not large; the heat transfer quenching effect of the jet nozzle 12 is suppressed; the combustion in the main combustion chamber is enhanced, while the heat transfer loss and heat load on the inner wall of the main combustion chamber are not large; the electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device tends to be electrically neutral as a whole, and is safer.

[0065] See also Figure 4 、 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outside of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 is wrapped with a pre-combustion chamber insulator 211, and the pre-combustion chamber insulator 211 is arranged in the ejector body 11, and the pre-combustion chamber insulator 211 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material.

[0066] In this embodiment, ammonia is filled into the pre-combustion chamber 5 until the ammonia is fully burned. The pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 can be at a high potential of the order of kilovolts (relative to the jet nozzle 12 and the ejector body 11) to achieve the purpose of electric field enhancement of mass transfer, heat transfer and reaction activity.

[0067] By arranging the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 in the pre-combustion chamber insulator 211 , the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 has good sealing and insulation effects, which greatly improves the adaptability life of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 .

[0068] The material of the pre-combustion chamber insulator 211 is selected from high temperature resistant (above 500°C) insulating materials, such as alumina ceramics. Compared with traditional thermosetting polyimide resins, alumina ceramics show absolute processing advantages and are the most ideal material to replace thermosetting polyimide.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 is made into a point (sphere) shape. Of course, the shape of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 can also be set to other shapes such as square and triangle. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the shape of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21.

[0070] See also Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outside of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is also wrapped with a main combustion chamber insulator 221, the main combustion chamber insulator 221 is arranged in the jet nozzle 12, and the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is made of high-temperature resistant insulating material.

[0071] In this embodiment, from the time the jet fuel gas is introduced into the main combustion chamber until the ammonia is fully combusted, the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 can be maintained at a low potential (relative to the jet nozzle 12 and the ejector body 11) on the order of kilovolts. This allows for electric field-enhanced mass and heat transfer, as well as reaction activity. Furthermore, by placing the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 within the main combustion chamber insulator 221, the service life of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is also increased.

[0072] Similarly, the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is also made into a point (sphere) shape. Of course, the shape of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 can also be set to other shapes such as square, triangle, etc. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the shape of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22.

[0073] See also Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the jet nozzle 12 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed spray holes 121 , and the pre-combustion chamber 5 is connected to the main combustion chamber through the spray holes 121 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the ejector body 11 is connected to the jet nozzle 12 to form a pre-combustion chamber 5. The jet nozzle 12 is used to accelerate the propagation of flames, increase the combustion rate, and thus improve the economy of the engine.

[0075] The ammonia generated in the pre-combustion chamber 5 can be formed into an ammonia jet stream through the spray hole 121 and uniformly injected into the main combustion chamber 4, thereby improving thermal efficiency.

[0076] The pre-combustion chamber 5 and nozzle holes 121 are arranged in a streamlined design to reduce throttling losses during pre-combustion chamber ventilation, which is beneficial for passive jet ignition systems. Furthermore, this embodiment can also be used in active jet ignition systems. In this case, the pre-combustion chamber air inlet is preferably located slightly above the pre-combustion chamber, and air is injected circumferentially, thereby forming a vortex-like air flow path and exiting the pre-combustion chamber 5 through the nozzle holes 121. This arrangement ensures sufficient ventilation of the pre-combustion chamber 5, avoiding the formation of "dead zones," while fully utilizing the streamlined design to reduce throttling losses.

[0077] Reference Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the spray hole 121 includes a central spray hole 1211 located on the central axis of the jet nozzle 12 and surrounding spray holes 1212 that are evenly distributed and form a certain angle with the central axis of the jet nozzle 12, and the diameter of the central spray hole 1211 is larger than the diameter of the surrounding spray holes 1212.

[0078] Preferably, the angle between the central axis of the peripheral spray holes 1212 and the central axis of the central spray hole 1211 is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees. This design can increase the jet range, thereby accelerating the combustion process and improving thermal efficiency.

[0079] Reference Figure 6 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the nozzle outlet 41 of the ammonia injector 4 is not aligned with the axis of the ejector body 11 .

[0080] Therefore, the eccentric arrangement of the axes can leave space for the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 21 and the pre-combustion chamber insulator 211, and generate a pre-combustion chamber swirl to promote the mixing of combustible gas and air.

[0081] Referring to Figure 4 As shown in the drawings, according to one embodiment of the present application, the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is circumferentially offset at a certain angle along the central axis of the jet nozzle 12 from the surrounding injection hole 1212.

[0082] Therefore, the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 is circumferentially offset at a certain angle along the central axis of the jet nozzle 12 from the surrounding injection hole 1212 to generate main combustion chamber vortex, enhance turbulent kinetic energy and reduce heat transfer quenching effect, promote ammonia fuel combustion; the micro-offset arrangement of the main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode 22 can also play the role of blunt body disturbance combustion and wall effect vortex combustion.

[0083] Referring to Figure 2 , 7 , 8, according to one embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises an auxiliary airbag system 6, including an airbag 61, a gas pipeline 62 and an external gas source 63. The airbag 61 contains gas, the volume is variable, attached to the inner wall of the pre-chamber 5, and the gas space of the pre-chamber 5 is not communicated, and the inside is communicated with the external gas source 63 through the gas pipeline 62, and the gas pressure of the external gas source 63 can meet higher than the exhaust pressure and lower than the normal compression top dead center pressure. During the compression stroke, the cylinder pressure rises to be higher than the external gas source 63, the airbag 61 exhausts outward, the volume of the pre-chamber 5 increases, and the fresh gas of the main combustion chamber fills the pre-chamber 5; after ignition and work, and during the exhaust stroke, the cylinder pressure drops to be lower than the external gas source 63, the airbag 61 charges inward, the volume of the pre-chamber 5 decreases, and the exhaust gas is discharged. Therefore, compared with the conventional passive jet ignition pre-chamber, the structure realizes sufficient ventilation of the pre-chamber space, which is beneficial to maintain the normal ignition equivalence ratio.

[0084] Preferably, the airbag 61 is made of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant flexible material; the external gas source 63 is provided as a separate sealed and pressure-stabilized gas storage space or is provided as being communicated with the intake port. In addition, the gas pressure of the external gas source 63 can be adjusted according to the load size: under high load, increasing the pressure of the external gas source 63 can make the exhaust gas discharge more fully; under low load, reducing the pressure of the external gas source 63 can make the pre-chamber 5 inhale fresh air more fully.

[0085] Referring to Figure 1 , 5 As shown in the drawings, according to one embodiment of the present application, the electric field assisted combustion jet ignition device further comprises a sealing structure 7, a clamping structure 8 and a connecting structure 9, wherein one end of the clamping structure 8 is connected to the end of the jet device 1 away from the main combustion chamber, the other end is connected to the connecting structure 9, and the sealing structure 7 is connected between the jet device 1 and the clamping structure 8.

[0086] Therefore, the electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device is provided with a sealing structure 7 to prevent the combustion chamber gas from leaking outward and the supply pipeline gas from leaking inward; the setting of the clamping structure 8 facilitates assembly and disassembly; and the setting of the connecting structure 9 is used to fix it to a suitable position in the engine.

[0087] Other embodiments of the present invention also provide an ammonia fuel engine, which includes the above-mentioned electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device, and the cylinder of the ammonia fuel engine is provided with an intake duct and an exhaust duct connected to the main combustion chamber, the intake duct is provided with an intake valve, and the exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust valve.

[0088] The cylinder of the ammonia fuel engine includes a cylinder body and a cylinder head arranged on the cylinder body, an intake duct and an exhaust duct are arranged on the cylinder head, the intake duct is provided with an intake valve, the exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust valve, a piston is slidably installed in the cylinder body, and a main combustion chamber is formed between the piston, the cylinder body and the cylinder head. The main combustion chamber is connected to the intake duct and the exhaust duct, and the main combustion chamber is used to provide a place for the combustion process of the mixture of ammonia and air.

[0089] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an ammonia fuel engine, which includes the electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device described above. The cylinder of the ammonia fuel engine is provided with an intake duct and an exhaust duct connected to the main combustion chamber. The intake duct is provided with an intake valve, and the exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust valve.

[0090] The beneficial effects of the ammonia fuel engine are the same as those of the electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device, and will not be described in detail here.

[0091] The specific operation process of the ammonia fuel engine is as follows:

[0092] During the intake stroke and compression stroke in the first four-stroke cycle, the pre-combustion chamber 5 is connected to the main combustion chamber. During the intake stroke, the high-temperature ammonia mixture remaining in the pre-combustion chamber 5 is driven by pressure to enter the main combustion chamber. During the compression stroke, the ammonia / air mixture in the main combustion chamber is squeezed into the pre-combustion chamber 5.

[0093] In the early stage of the power stroke, the pre-combustion chamber 5 is disconnected from the main combustion chamber, forming a closed space in the pre-combustion chamber 5. During this period, the auxiliary electrode 21 of the pre-combustion chamber is energized to generate a magnetic field, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure mixture is formed in the pre-combustion chamber, and the position of the injection control valve is maintained until the end of the first cycle;

[0094] During the intake and compression strokes of the following second cycle, the injection control valve position is maintained;

[0095] In the late compression stroke, the pre-chamber 5 is connected to the main combustion chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure mixture in the pre-chamber 5 is injected into the main combustion chamber, igniting the ammonia / air mixture in the main combustion chamber. Then, in the early power stroke, the pre-chamber 5 is disconnected from the main combustion chamber, and the position of the injection control valve is maintained until the end of the second cycle.

[0096] At this point, the pre-combustion chamber 5 completes one full working cycle, and the corresponding ammonia fuel engine completes two full working cycles.

[0097] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device, installed on an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: include: an ejector, comprising an ejector body and a jet nozzle installed in a main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the ejector body and the jet nozzle are connected to form a pre-combustion chamber having an internal space, and the pre-combustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; An auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode being connected to an external control unit via an electrical line and forming an electric field in the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber; a spark plug disposed in the ejector body, with an ignition electrode of the spark plug located in the pre-combustion chamber, and the spark plug being electrically connected to the control unit via an electrical circuit; an ammonia injector, disposed in the ejector body, wherein the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector is in communication with the pre-combustion chamber; The ammonia injector is used to inject ammonia into the pre-combustion chamber through the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector, and fully mix it with air in the pre-combustion chamber. The mixed gas is ignited at the ignition electrode of the spark plug under the action of the electric field, and ignites the ammonia mixture in the main combustion chamber.

2. The electric field combustion-supported jet ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary electrodes include a pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode located in the pre-combustion chamber and a main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode located in the main combustion chamber.

3. The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outside of the pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode is wrapped with a pre-combustion chamber insulator arranged in the ejector body.

4. The electric field combustion-supported jet ignition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode is wrapped outside with a main combustion chamber insulator arranged in the jet nozzle.

5. The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The jet nozzle is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed spray holes, and the pre-combustion chamber is connected with the main combustion chamber through the spray holes.

6. The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spray holes include a central spray hole located on the central axis of the jet nozzle and peripheral spray holes that form a certain angle with the central axis of the jet nozzle and are evenly distributed, and the diameter of the central spray hole is larger than that of the peripheral spray holes.

7. The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the nozzle outlet of the ammonia injector is not in the same plane as the axis of the ejector body.

8. The electric field combustion-supported jet ignition device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode and the surrounding spray holes are staggered at a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the jet nozzle.

9. The electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing structure, a clamping structure and a connecting structure, one end of the clamping structure is connected to the end of the ejector away from the main combustion chamber, the other end is connected to the connecting structure, and the sealing structure is connected between the ejector and the clamping structure.

10. An ammonia fuel engine, characterized in that: It comprises the electric field combustion-assisted jet ignition device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cylinder of the ammonia fuel engine is provided with an intake duct and an exhaust duct connected to the main combustion chamber, the intake duct is provided with an intake valve, and the exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust valve.

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