Oil pumping structure and compressor

Abstract

The oil pumping structure comprises a crankshaft, the crankshaft comprises a long shaft and a crank throw, a first cavity is formed in the long shaft and penetrates through the end, away from the crank throw, of the long shaft to form an oil inlet, a first-stage oil outlet hole penetrating through the inner wall of the first cavity and the outer wall of the long shaft is formed in the long shaft, and a second-stage oil outlet hole penetrating through the second-stage oil outlet hole is formed in the outer wall of the long shaft. A first cavity is formed in the crank throw, a second cavity is formed in the crank throw, a second-stage oil outlet hole penetrating through the inner wall of the second cavity and the outer wall of the crank throw is formed in the crank throw, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through an inclined hole, the first cavity is provided with a spiral oil guide part, and the spiral oil guide part is provided with an oil pumping part formed by twisting in the first rotating direction. The spiral oil guide piece is in interference fit with the first cavity, and the long shaft and the spiral oil guide piece are both inserted into the oil pool. The oil pumping structure solves the technical problem that an existing oil pumping structure is poor in oil pumping capacity during low-rotating-speed operation, a three-stage oil pumping structure is improved into a two-stage oil pumping structure, and the oil pumping structure has good oil pumping capacity during low-rotating-speed operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to an oil pump structure and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] When the refrigeration compressor is working, its oil pumping structure is driven to rotate at high speed, and the refrigeration oil in the oil pool of the lower shell of the compressor is extracted through the oil pumping structure, realizing the "oil suction - oil pumping - oiling - oil injection" process from bottom to top, and the refrigeration oil is transported to the friction pairs of various moving parts of the compressor. When the compressor is working, the friction of the friction pairs is reduced and the friction heat is taken away, playing the functions of lubrication, sealing and noise reduction, ensuring the normal operation and long-term operation of the compressor.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN118375589A discloses a high-efficiency oiling refrigeration compressor, comprising a crankshaft oiling structure, comprising a crankshaft and an oil suction pipe. The crankshaft is provided with an oil suction pipe mounting groove, forming a centrifugal cavity between the oil suction pipe mounting groove and the oil suction pipe, and a spiral oiling structure is provided on the sidewall of the centrifugal cavity. When a motor drives the crankshaft to rotate, centrifugal force draws oil from the compressor's lower shell oil reservoir through the oil suction pipe into the centrifugal cavity. This is the first stage of centrifugal oil pumping. The oil is then spirally oiled through a spiral oil groove on the outer wall of the crankshaft, thereby lubricating the crankshaft and its mating shaft hole. This is the second stage of oil pumping. The upper end of the spiral oil groove is connected to the inclined hole of the crankshaft, and the oil flows from the upper end hole of the spiral oil groove into the oil outlet hole of the crankshaft, thereby lubricating the crankshaft and its mating shaft hole. This is the third stage of oil pumping.

[0004] The amount of oil pumped directly affects the wear and noise of various components inside the compressor. In the application of variable frequency compressors, since the speed range of variable frequency compressors is relatively wide, the lowest speed can be below 900 rpm. When running at low speeds, the existing three-stage oil pumping structure has the disadvantage of insufficient power, which will result in less oil pumping to the oil pumping structure, thereby affecting the performance and noise of the entire machine. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing oil pumping structure has poor oil pumping capacity when running at low speed, the utility model provides an oil pumping structure and a compressor, which improves the three-stage oil pumping structure into a two-stage oil pumping structure to achieve the purpose of having good oil pumping capacity when running at low speed.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] The oil pumping structure includes a crankshaft, which includes a long shaft and a crank. The long shaft has a first cavity inside, and the first cavity runs through the end of the long shaft away from the crank to form an oil inlet. The long shaft is provided with a first-level oil outlet hole that runs through the inner wall of the first cavity and the outer wall of the long shaft. The crank has a second cavity inside, and the crank is provided with a secondary oil outlet hole that runs through the inner wall of the second cavity and the outer wall of the crank. It also includes an inclined hole, and the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the inclined hole. The first cavity is provided with a spiral oil guide member, and the spiral oil guide member has an oil pumping part formed by twisting in a first rotation direction. The outer contour of the spiral oil guide member is interference fit with the inner wall of the first cavity. It also includes an oil pool for oil supply, and the long shaft and the spiral oil guide member are both inserted into the oil pool.

[0008] Furthermore, the spiral oil guide member is a spiral oil guide sheet.

[0009] Furthermore, the second cavity passes through the end of the crank away from the major axis to form an oil-slinging hole.

[0010] Furthermore, in the direction from one end of the long shaft where the oil inlet is located to the other end of the long shaft, the first cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity in sequence, and the diameter of the first cavity is greater than the diameter of the second cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, there are two first-level oil outlet holes, one of which passes through the inner wall of the first section of the cavity and the outer wall of the long axis, and the other passes through the inner wall of the second section of the cavity and the outer wall of the long axis.

[0012] Furthermore, an oil groove is provided on the outer peripheral side of the crank, and one end of the oil groove is connected to the secondary oil outlet hole.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an end cover with an oil inlet hole passing through its upper surface and lower surface. The end cover is installed at the end of the long shaft, and the inner circumference of the end cover is interference fit with the outer circumference of the long shaft.

[0014] A compressor comprising the oil pump structure described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1. This solution improves the three-stage oil pumping system into a two-stage oil pumping system, eliminating the traditional crankshaft's spiral oil groove structure and simplifying the crankshaft design. Furthermore, the two-stage oil pumping system requires less power, effectively improving pumping efficiency and maintaining good pumping capacity, especially at low speeds. The crankshaft is driven by a motor, and the long shaft and spiral oil guide are both inserted into the oil pool. Oil is applied through the spiral oil guide and flows out through the first oil outlet, lubricating the crankshaft and its mating shaft hole. This is the first stage of oil pumping. Then, through the inclined hole, the oil flows from the first cavity of the long shaft into the second cavity of the crank throw, and flows out through the second oil outlet, lubricating the crank throw and its mating shaft hole. This is the second stage of oil pumping.

[0017] 2. The spiral oil guide plate has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and good oil pumping capacity.

[0018] 3. The oil-slinging hole can promptly discharge excess oil, avoiding the increase in system pressure caused by oil accumulation. The design of the oil-slinging hole ensures that the connecting rod, piston, piston pin and other components can be fully lubricated, reducing the wear of these components.

[0019] 4. The design of the first cavity having a larger diameter than the second cavity can increase the oil pressure of the lubricating oil from the first cavity to the second cavity, thereby accelerating the lubricating oil from the first stage pumping stage to the second stage pumping stage, thereby improving the pumping effect of the second stage pumping.

[0020] 5. The design of two primary oil outlet holes ensures that the oil is evenly distributed throughout the entire long shaft and its corresponding shaft hole, avoiding localized insufficient lubrication. The uniform oil distribution further improves the lubrication effect and reduces friction and wear.

[0021] 6. The oil groove evenly distributes the lubricating oil flowing out of the secondary oil outlet hole on the outer periphery of the crank, ensuring that the entire crank surface is fully lubricated. Through the guidance of the oil groove, the lubricating oil can cover more contact surfaces, reducing friction between the crank and the mating shaft hole.

[0022] 7. The end cover can effectively support the spiral oil guide to prevent it from falling off from the oil inlet during high-speed rotation, ensuring the stable operation of the oil pump system.

[0023] 8. Applying the above oil pumping structure to the compressor can significantly improve the oil pumping capacity and lubrication effect of the compressor under low speed conditions, extend the service life of the compressor, reduce maintenance costs, and also improve the operating stability and efficiency of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the oil pump structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the oil pump structure of the utility model after the spiral oil guide member and the end cover are removed;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oil pump structure of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the oil pump structure of the utility model installed on the crankcase;

[0028] The markings in the figure are: 1-crankshaft, 101-long shaft, 102-crank, 2-first cavity, 21-first section cavity, 22-second section cavity, 3-oil inlet, 4-first oil outlet hole, 5-second cavity, 6-secondary oil outlet hole, 7-inclined hole, 8-spiral oil guide, 9-oil throwing hole, 10-end cover, 11-oil inlet, 12-oil groove, 13-crankcase, 14-connecting rod, 15-piston, 16-piston pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clearly expressed, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] First of all, it needs to be stated that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application and are not limitations of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "first", "second", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "axial" or "radial" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation structure and operation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , the utility model provides an oil pump structure and a compressor.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the oil pumping structure includes a crankshaft 1, which includes a long shaft 101 and a crank 102. The long shaft 101 has a first cavity 2 inside, and the first cavity 2 runs through the end of the long shaft 101 away from the crank 102 to form an oil inlet 3. The long shaft 101 is provided with a primary oil outlet 4 that passes through the inner wall of the first cavity 2 and the outer wall of the long shaft 101. The crank 102 has a second cavity 5 inside, and the crank 102 is provided with a secondary oil outlet 6 that passes through the inner wall of the second cavity 5 and the outer wall of the crank 102. It also includes an inclined hole 7. The first cavity 2 and the second cavity 5 are connected through the inclined hole 7. The first cavity 2 is provided with a spiral oil guide member 8, and the spiral oil guide member 8 has an oil pumping portion formed by twisting in a first rotation direction. The outer contour of the spiral oil guide member 8 is interference fit with the inner wall of the first cavity 2. It also includes an oil pool for oil supply, and the long shaft 101 and the spiral oil guide member 8 are both inserted into the oil pool.

[0035] This solution improves the traditional three-stage oil pumping structure into a two-stage oil pumping structure, simplifying the structure and requiring less power. Even at low speeds, the crankshaft 1 still maintains good oil pumping capacity. The two-stage oil pumping includes a first-stage oil pumping and a second-stage oil pumping. The crankshaft 1 is rotated by the motor, and the long shaft 101 and the spiral oil guide 8 are both inserted into the oil pool. Oil is added through the spiral oil guide 8 and flows out through the first oil outlet 4, lubricating the crankshaft 1 and the corresponding shaft hole. This is the first-stage oil pumping. The oil then flows from the first cavity 2 of the long shaft 101 through the inclined hole 7 into the second cavity 5 of the crank 102, and flows out through the second oil outlet 6, lubricating the crank 102 and the corresponding shaft hole. This is the second-stage oil pumping.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, crankshaft 1 is installed in crankcase 13, fitted into the axial bore of crankcase 13, piston 15 into the cylinder bore of crankcase 13, and the first end of connecting rod 14 forms a first connecting portion, while the second end forms a second connecting portion. Both the first and second connecting portions form axial bores. The first connecting portion is connected to piston 15 via piston pin 16, and the second connecting portion is sleeved onto crank throw 102, thereby forming a crank-connecting rod mechanism. Driven by the motor, crankshaft 1 rotates, drawing oil from the oil reservoir in the compressor lower casing. The first lubrication point is where the axial bore of crankcase 13 and the long axis 101 of crankshaft 1 meet. The second lubrication point is where the crank throw 102 of crankshaft 1 meets the second connecting portion of connecting rod 14. Excess oil is ejected from oil ejection holes 9 in crank throw 102, lubricating the fitting areas of piston 15 and the cylinder bore of crankcase 13, and the fitting areas of piston pin 16 and the first connecting portion of connecting rod 14.

[0037] The outer contour of the spiral oil guide member 8 of this solution is interference fit with the inner wall of the first cavity 2, the purpose of which is to keep the spiral oil guide member 8 and the crankshaft 1 rotating synchronously to achieve the purpose of oil absorption.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the spiral oil guide member 8 is a spiral oil guide plate. A spiral oil guide plate is preferred in this solution, but a spiral oil guide column can also be used, that is, a spiral groove is directly machined on a shaft-shaped workpiece. When the spiral oil guide column rotates synchronously with the crankshaft 1, it absorbs lubricating oil from the oil pool of the compressor lower shell.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, second cavity 5 extends through the end of crank throw 102 distal from major axis 101 to form an oil-slinging hole 9. Oil-slinging hole 9 allows for the timely discharge of excess oil, preventing system pressure buildup caused by oil accumulation. The design of oil-slinging hole 9 ensures adequate lubrication of the mating areas between piston 15 and the cylinder bore of crankcase 13, as well as between piston pin 16 and the first connecting portion of connecting rod 14, reducing wear on these components.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, from one end of the long shaft 101 where the oil inlet 3 is located to the indication direction of the other end of the long shaft 101, the first cavity 2 sequentially includes a first cavity 21 and a second cavity 22, and the diameter of the first cavity 21 is greater than the diameter of the second cavity 22.

[0041] The diameter of the first cavity 21 is made larger than the diameter of the second cavity 22, thereby increasing the oil pressure of the lubricating oil from the first cavity 21 to the second cavity 22, thereby accelerating the lubricating oil from the first stage pumping stage to the second stage pumping stage, thereby improving the pumping effect of the second stage pumping.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, there are two primary oil outlet holes 4 , one of which passes through the inner wall of the first cavity 21 and the outer wall of the long axis 101 , and the other passes through the inner wall of the second cavity 22 and the outer wall of the long axis 101 .

[0043] In this embodiment, two primary oil outlet holes 4 are provided to ensure that the oil is evenly distributed throughout the long shaft 101 and its corresponding shaft hole, thereby preventing localized insufficient lubrication, thereby improving lubrication and reducing friction and wear. Of course, the number of primary oil outlet holes 4 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The number of primary oil outlet holes 4 can be increased to ensure that the long shaft 101 has a good oil lubrication. Persons skilled in the art can adjust this based on actual site conditions.

[0044] In some embodiments, an oil groove 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the crank 102, one end of which is connected to the secondary oil outlet 6. The oil groove 12 can be arranged around the outer periphery of the crank 102 to ensure that the outer periphery of the crank 102 has a good amount of oil adhesion.

[0045] In some embodiments, an end cap 10 is further included. End cap 10 has an oil inlet hole 11 extending through its upper and lower surfaces. End cap 10 is mounted on the end of a longitudinal shaft 101, with the inner circumference of end cap 10 forming an interference fit with the outer circumference of longitudinal shaft 101. End cap 10 effectively supports spiral oil guide 8, preventing it from falling out of oil inlet 3 during high-speed rotation, thereby ensuring stable operation of the oil pumping system.

[0046] The present invention also provides a compressor including the oil pump structure described in the above embodiment. Since the compressor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. An oil pump structure, comprising a crankshaft (1), wherein the crankshaft (1) comprises a long shaft (101) and a crank throw (102), wherein the long shaft (101) has a first cavity (2) therein, and the first cavity (2) penetrates an end of the long shaft (101) away from the crank throw (102) to form an oil inlet (3), wherein the structure is characterized by: The long shaft (101) is provided with a primary oil outlet hole (4) which passes through the inner wall of the first cavity (2) and the outer wall of the long shaft (101); the crank (102) has a second cavity (5) inside; the crank (102) is provided with a secondary oil outlet hole (6) which passes through the inner wall of the second cavity (5) and the outer wall of the crank (102); and an inclined hole (7); the first cavity (2) and the second cavity (5) are communicated through the inclined hole (7); the first cavity (2) is provided with a spiral oil guide member (8); the spiral oil guide member (8) has an oil pumping portion formed by twisting in a first rotation direction; the outer contour of the spiral oil guide member (8) is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the first cavity (2); and an oil pool for oil supply is also included; the long shaft (101) and the spiral oil guide member (8) are both inserted into the oil pool.

2. The oil pump structure according to claim 1, wherein: The spiral oil guide member (8) is a spiral oil guide sheet.

3. The oil pump structure according to claim 1, wherein: The second cavity (5) passes through the end of the crank (102) away from the long axis (101) to form an oil-slinging hole (9).

4. The oil pump structure according to claim 1, wherein: From one end of the long axis (101) where the oil inlet (3) is located to the indicated direction of the other end of the long axis (101), the first cavity (2) sequentially includes a first cavity (21) and a second cavity (22), and the diameter of the first cavity (21) is greater than the diameter of the second cavity (22).

5. The oil pump structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two first-stage oil outlet holes (4), one of which penetrates the inner wall of the first section cavity (21) and the outer wall of the long axis (101), and the other penetrates the inner wall of the second section cavity (22) and the outer wall of the long axis (101).

6. The oil pump structure according to claim 1, wherein: An oil groove (12) is provided on the outer peripheral side of the crank (102), and one end of the oil groove (12) is connected to the secondary oil outlet hole (6).

7. The oil pump structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover (10) is provided with an oil inlet hole (11) that passes through the upper and lower surfaces of the end cover (10). The end cover (10) is mounted on the end of the long shaft (101). The inner circumference of the end cover (10) is interference-fitted with the outer circumference of the long shaft (101).

8. A compressor, characterized by: The invention comprises an oil pump structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images