Gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure and gravity dam

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure and a gravity dam. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure comprises a drainage assembly, the drainage assembly comprises a water collecting and ventilating pipe and an operation platform, the water collecting and ventilating pipe is used for being buried in the upstream side of a gravity dam, the upper end of the water collecting and ventilating pipe is used for extending to a dam crest straight slope section and communicating with the outside, and the lower end of the water collecting and ventilating pipe communicates with a drainage gallery at the lower end of the gravity dam; the multiple operation platforms are sequentially arranged on the side face, facing the upstream, of the gravity dam in the vertical direction, the multiple operation platforms form a step-shaped structure, the interiors of the operation platforms are hollow, drainage openings facing the upstream are formed in the operation platforms, and branch drainage pipes extend from the positions, corresponding to the operation platforms, of the water collection ventilation pipes. The upper ends of the branch drainage pipes communicate with the inner cavity of the operation platform and are provided with switch structures. The operation platforms with different heights are communicated with the water collection ventilation pipe through branch drainage pipes, the water level elevation can be sequentially reduced, and drainage difficulty caused by bottom hole blockage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, in particular to a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure and a gravity dam. Background Art

[0002] In reservoirs formed by building gravity dams on sediment-laden rivers, the sediment carried by the water flow will continue to accumulate in front of the dam, causing problems such as reduced effective storage capacity, raised riverbeds, and reduced flood control capabilities. The sediment in the reservoir needs to be cleaned frequently.

[0003] When cleaning the reservoir, the water is covered on the sand, so the upper layer of water needs to be released downstream to provide construction conditions for excavators and other equipment. Existing gravity dam drainage schemes such as overflow weirs can only release water above a specified elevation. When the water level is below the specified elevation, the water cannot be released for dredging.

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, in the existing technology, bottom holes are usually set at the bottom of the dam body and used to discharge reservoir water. However, during long-term operation, the bottom holes are easily blocked by sediment and cannot effectively discharge reservoir water. In addition, using the bottom holes to discharge reservoir water cannot effectively control the discharge of reservoir water at different elevations, and the actual use effect is poor. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure and a gravity dam, in which operating platforms at different heights are connected to the water collection ventilation pipe through a branch drainage pipe, and the water level elevation can be lowered in sequence to avoid drainage difficulties caused by blockage of the bottom hole.

[0006] In response to the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure, including a drainage component, the drainage component including a water collecting vent pipe and an operating platform, the water collecting vent pipe is used to be buried on the upstream side of the gravity dam, the upper end of the water collecting vent pipe is used to extend to the straight slope section of the dam top and communicate with the outside world, the lower end of the water collecting vent pipe is connected to the drainage corridor at the lower end of the gravity dam, and the operating platform is vertically arranged in sequence on the upstream side of the gravity dam, and the multiple operating platforms form a step-like structure. The interior of the operating platform is hollow and has a drainage opening facing upstream. A branch drainage pipe is extended from the water collecting vent pipe corresponding to the position of the operating platform, the upper end of the branch drainage pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the operating platform, and the upper end of the branch drainage pipe is provided with a switch structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the water collecting ventilation pipe includes a vertical drainage pipe and an inclined drainage pipe from top to bottom. The vertical drainage pipe is used to be buried in the straight slope section of the dam top, and the inclined drainage pipe is used to be buried in the upstream slope section of the gravity dam. The slope ratio of the inclined drainage pipe and the upstream slope section of the gravity dam is the same.

[0008] Furthermore, the branch drainage pipe extends vertically, and the switch structure includes a pipe plug, which is used to seal the upper end of the branch drainage pipe. The upper end of the pipe plug is connected to a control screw, and the upper end of the control screw extends upward and cooperates with the top thread of the operating platform. Adjacent operating platforms are connected by transition steps.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage components are arranged in two groups at intervals along the length direction of the gravity dam, and the operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components are arranged vertically in a staggered manner, and transition steps are connected between adjacent operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components.

[0010] Furthermore, the height difference between two vertically adjacent operating platforms is 2m.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the water collecting ventilation pipe is arranged close to the dam top.

[0012] Furthermore, the top of the water collecting ventilation pipe is provided with a horizontal section extending toward the upstream side of the straight slope section of the dam top, and the outer end of the horizontal section is communicated with the outside.

[0013] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a technical solution that is a gravity dam including a dam body, wherein a drainage gallery is provided at the bottom of the dam body, and the dam body includes a straight slope section at the dam top and a dam slope section upstream of the gravity dam from top to bottom. A drainage structure is provided on the dam body, and the drainage structure is a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure, including a drainage component, and the drainage component includes a water collecting vent pipe and an operating platform. The water collecting vent pipe is used to be buried on the upstream side of the gravity dam, and the upper end of the water collecting vent pipe is used to extend to the straight slope section at the dam top and communicate with the outside world. The lower end of the water collecting vent pipe is connected to the drainage gallery at the lower end of the gravity dam. The operating platform is vertically arranged in sequence on the upstream side of the gravity dam, and the multiple operating platforms form a step-like structure. The interior of the operating platform is hollow and has a drainage opening facing upstream. A branch drainage pipe is extended from the water collecting vent pipe corresponding to the operating platform, and the upper end of the branch drainage pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the operating platform. The upper end of the branch drainage pipe is provided with a switch structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the water collecting ventilation pipe includes a vertical drainage pipe and an inclined drainage pipe from top to bottom. The vertical drainage pipe is used to be buried in the straight slope section of the dam top, and the inclined drainage pipe is used to be buried in the upstream slope section of the gravity dam. The slope ratio of the inclined drainage pipe and the upstream slope section of the gravity dam is the same.

[0015] Furthermore, the branch drainage pipe extends vertically, and the switch structure includes a pipe plug, which is used to seal the upper end of the branch drainage pipe. The upper end of the pipe plug is connected to a control screw, and the upper end of the control screw extends upward and cooperates with the top thread of the operating platform. Adjacent operating platforms are connected by transition steps.

[0016] Furthermore, the drainage components are arranged in two groups at intervals along the length direction of the gravity dam, and the operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components are arranged vertically in a staggered manner, and transition steps are connected between adjacent operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components.

[0017] Furthermore, the height difference between two vertically adjacent operating platforms is 2m.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the water collecting ventilation pipe is arranged close to the dam top.

[0019] Furthermore, the top of the water collecting ventilation pipe is provided with a horizontal section extending toward the upstream side of the straight slope section of the dam top, and the outer end of the horizontal section is communicated with the outside.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) The interior of the operating platform is hollow, and a drainage opening is opened on the upstream side, so that the water inside the reservoir can enter the inner cavity of the operating platform. The lower end of the water collecting vent pipe is connected to the drainage corridor, and the water collecting vent pipe is connected to the corresponding operating platform through the branch drainage pipe. The water in the reservoir can enter the water collecting vent pipe through the inner cavity of the operating platform, and then be discharged to the downstream through the drainage corridor. The operating platform is arranged in multiple vertical positions, so that drainage positions arranged at intervals at different heights can be formed. When drainage and sand removal are required, the switch structures are opened in sequence from top to bottom to complete the reservoir discharge and control the water level at the required elevation to ensure that the bottom sediment can leak out and complete the dredging, thereby avoiding the problem that the bottom hole of the existing gravity dam is blocked and cannot divert water on the sediment-rich river, causing dredging difficulties.

[0022] (2) The slope ratio of the inclined drainage pipe is the same as that of the upstream dam slope section of the gravity dam. This is convenient for construction on the one hand, and on the other hand, the vertical heights of the various positions of the inclined drainage pipe from the side of the upstream dam slope section of the gravity dam are the same, which facilitates the arrangement of branch drainage pipes.

[0023] (3) The switch structure includes a pipe plug, which opens and closes the branch drain pipe by controlling the screw. In this way, the branch drain pipe is opened and closed by a mechanical structure, thereby improving stability.

[0024] (4) Two groups of drainage components are arranged at intervals along the length of the gravity dam. The operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components are staggered in the vertical direction. Transition steps are connected between the adjacent operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components. This not only makes it easier to reduce the distance between adjacent operating platforms and facilitate the elevation accuracy control of the reservoir, but also facilitates the arrangement of transition steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a gravity dam in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a forward structural diagram of a gravity dam in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a side sectional view of a gravity dam in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the switch structure in Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Dam crest; 2. Water collection vent pipe; 3. Straight slope section of dam crest; 4. Operating platform; 5. Control screw; 6. Pipe plug; 7. Upstream slope section of gravity dam; 8. Drainage gallery; 9. Branch drain pipe; 10. Transition step; 11. Inner cavity; 12. Drainage opening; 13. Vertical drain pipe; 14. Horizontal section; 15. Drainage assembly; 16. Oblique drain pipe; 17. Rubber sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application: Specific embodiment 1:

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 5 The utility model is a gravity dam, including a dam body, a drainage gallery 8 is arranged at the bottom of the dam body, and the dam body includes a dam top straight slope section 3 and a gravity dam upstream dam slope section 7 from top to bottom. A drainage structure is arranged on the dam body, and the drainage structure is a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure.

[0034] The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure includes a drainage component 15, and the drainage component 15 includes a water collection vent pipe 2 and an operating platform 4. Figure 1 、 4As shown, the water collection and ventilation pipe 2 is entirely buried within the upstream side of the gravity dam. The upper end of the water collection and ventilation pipe 2 extends to the straight slope section 3 at the top of the dam and is connected to the outside world. The lower end of the water collection and ventilation pipe 2 is connected to the drainage corridor 8 at the lower end of the gravity dam. Multiple operating platforms 4 are vertically arranged on the side of the gravity dam facing upstream (i.e., the reservoir). The operating platforms 4 extend upstream along the side of the gravity dam, and the side of the operating platform 4 facing upstream is a vertical surface. In this way, the multiple operating platforms 4 of a single drainage assembly 15 form a stepped structure extending in sequence.

[0035] The interior of the operating platform 4 is hollow, and a drainage opening 12 communicating with the inner cavity 11 of the operating platform 4 is provided on the side of the operating platform 4 facing upstream. Water in the reservoir can enter the inner cavity 11 of the operating platform 4 through the drainage opening 12.

[0036] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, a branch drain pipe 9 is extended from the water collecting ventilation pipe 2 to the position corresponding to the operating platform 4. The number and position of the branch drain pipe 9 correspond one-to-one to the operating platform 4. The upper end of each branch drain pipe 9 is connected to the inner cavity 11 of an operating platform 4, and a switch structure is provided at the upper end of the branch drain pipe 9.

[0037] With this arrangement, the interior of the operating platform 4 is hollow, and a drainage opening 12 is provided on the upstream side. Water inside the reservoir can enter the inner cavity 11 of the operating platform 4. The lower end of the water collecting vent pipe 2 is connected to the drainage gallery 8. The water collecting vent pipe 2 is connected to the inner cavity 11 of the corresponding operating platform 4 through the branch drainage pipe 9. The water in the reservoir can enter the water collecting vent pipe 2 through the inner cavity 11 of the operating platform 4, and then be discharged to the downstream through the drainage gallery 8. The operating platform 4 is vertically arranged in sequence. In this way, different drainage openings 12 can be used to form drainage positions arranged at intervals at different heights. When drainage and sand removal are required, the switch structures are opened in sequence from top to bottom to complete the reservoir discharge, control the water level at the required elevation, ensure that the bottom sediment can leak out, complete the dredging, and avoid the problem that the bottom hole of the existing gravity dam is blocked and cannot divert water on the sediment-rich river, causing dredging difficulties. When the reservoir needs to store water, each switch structure is closed in sequence from bottom to top to achieve water storage, and the water level elevation can be controlled to keep the water level at the required water storage elevation.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 4As shown, the water collection and ventilation pipe 2 includes, from top to bottom, a vertical drain pipe 13 and an oblique drain pipe 16. The vertical drain pipe 13 is embedded in the dam crest straight slope section 3, while the oblique drain pipe 16 is embedded in the upstream slope section 7 of the gravity dam. The oblique drain pipe 16 has the same slope ratio as the upstream slope section 7 of the gravity dam. This arrangement not only facilitates the embedding of the water collection and ventilation pipe 2 during the construction of the gravity dam, but also ensures that each position of the oblique drain pipe 16 is at the same vertical height from the side of the upstream slope section 7 of the gravity dam, facilitating the arrangement of the branch drain pipes 9, controlling precision, and enabling modular construction.

[0039] Preferably, in this embodiment, the top of the water collecting vent pipe 2 is provided with a horizontal section 14 extending toward the upstream side of the dam top straight slope section 3, and the outer end of the horizontal section 14 is connected to the outside. Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal section 14 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical extension section, and the horizontal section 14 is used to connect the vertical drainage pipe 13 to the outside world. This makes it easy to control the maximum water level on the one hand, and on the other hand, the horizontal section 14 can be used for ventilation to facilitate the discharge of reservoir water from the branch drainage pipe 9.

[0040] In this embodiment, preferably, the top of the water collecting vent pipe 2 is arranged close to the dam crest 1. Specifically, the distance between the horizontal section 14 and the dam crest 1 is 0.6m, and it is ensured to be 0.5m higher than the highest water level.

[0041] In this embodiment, the branch drain pipe 9 extends vertically as a whole. Specifically, Figure 3 、 5 As shown, the switch structure includes a pipe plug 6, the size of which is adapted to the size of the branch drain pipe 9. A rubber sheet 17 is provided at the lower end of the pipe plug 6. The pipe plug 6 is used to seal the upper end of the branch drain pipe 9. The upper end of the pipe plug 6 is connected to a control screw 5. The upper end of the control screw 5 extends upward through the operating platform 4, and the control screw 5 cooperates with the top thread of the operating platform 4. Adjacent operating platforms 4 are connected by a transition step 10. In this way, the control screw 5 can be used to drive the pipe plug 6 to move vertically, thereby opening or closing the branch drain pipe 9. The transition step 10 makes it easier for the operator to move to different elevations of the operating platform 4, making it easier to operate the switch structure. At the same time, the use of a mechanical structure to achieve the switching of the branch drain pipe 9 can improve stability. Of course, in other embodiments, the switch structure can also be a pipeline valve, which uses a motor or other mechanism to achieve automatic switching. The specific implementation method is a conventional means for technicians in this field and will not be described here.

[0042] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 、 2 As shown, two groups of drainage components 15 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the gravity dam, and the operating platforms 4 of the two groups of drainage components 15 are arranged vertically in a staggered manner. Figure 1As shown, the first operating platform 4 from top to bottom of the right drainage assembly 15 is between the first and second operating platforms 4 of the right drainage assembly 15. In the vertical direction, a transition ladder 10 is connected between adjacent operating platforms 4 of the two groups of drainage assemblies 15, that is, as shown Figure 1 As shown, the top surface of the left first operating platform 4 from top to bottom is connected to the top surface of the right first operating platform 4 through a transition ladder 10, and the top surface of the right first operating platform 4 is connected to the top surface of the left second operating platform 4 through a transition ladder 10, and the transition ladder 10 is in the shape of a broken line as a whole. Of course, in other embodiments, only one group of drainage assemblies 15 can be provided in the length direction, and the adjacent operating platforms 4 of the single group of drainage assemblies 15 are connected by a transition ladder 10, and the transition ladder 10 is in the shape of an inclined straight line as a whole. In this way, on the one hand, it is convenient to reduce the spacing between adjacent operating platforms 4, facilitate the control of the elevation accuracy of the reservoir, and on the other hand, it is convenient to arrange the transition ladder 10. At the same time, it can be ensured that the top surface of the operating platform 4 on which the worker operates is higher than the water level during operation, thereby ensuring safety.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the number of operating platforms 4 of each drainage assembly 15 is set according to actual needs, and preferably, the height difference between two adjacent operating platforms 4 in the vertical direction is 2m. Of course, in other embodiments, according to the actual needs of different gravity dams, the height difference can be adjusted accordingly, such as 3m, 4m, etc., which is not limited herein.

[0044] In the present embodiment, the diameter of the catchment vent pipe 2 and the branch drainage pipe 9 is 0.8m, the diameter of the pipe plug 6 is 1m, the thickness of the rubber sheet 17 is 6mm, and the slope ratio of the inclined drainage pipe 16 and the upstream dam slope section 7 of the gravity dam is 1:i.

[0045] Working process of the present application:

[0046] During drainage, the worker rotates the control screw 5 on the operating platform 4 to lift the pipe plug 6 in the inner cavity 11, so that the reservoir water is collected through the branch drainage pipe 9 to the inclined drainage pipe 16, and finally to the drainage gallery 8 for drainage downstream. When the water surface drops to the top of the branch drainage pipe 9 of the present layer, the operator walks to the operating platform 4 of the next layer through the transition ladder 10, and repeats the above operation until the water level is lowered to the required elevation for desilting and other operations.

[0047] When the reservoir needs to be impounded, the control screw 5 is rotated to lower the pipe plug 6 from the bottom operating platform 4 to block the branch drainage pipe 9. After the operation of the present layer is completed, the operator walks to the operating platform 4 of the upper layer through the transition ladder 10, and repeats the operation until the branch drainage pipe 9 of the required elevation is blocked, and the water level is controlled to the required impoundment elevation to meet more impoundment requirements.

[0048] An embodiment of a gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure of the present invention has the same structure as that of the gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure of the gravity dam in the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. This is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

Claims

1. A gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure, characterized in that: It includes a drainage component, which includes a water collecting vent pipe and an operating platform. The water collecting vent pipe is used to be buried on the upstream side of the gravity dam. The upper end of the water collecting vent pipe is used to extend to the straight slope section of the dam top and communicate with the outside world. The lower end of the water collecting vent pipe is connected to the drainage corridor at the lower end of the gravity dam. The operating platform is vertically arranged in sequence on the upstream side of the gravity dam. The multiple operating platforms form a step-like structure. The interior of the operating platform is hollow and has a drainage opening facing upstream. A branch drainage pipe is extended from the position of the water collecting vent pipe corresponding to the operating platform. The upper end of the branch drainage pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the operating platform, and the upper end of the branch drainage pipe is provided with a switch structure.

2. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting ventilation pipe includes a vertical drainage pipe and an inclined drainage pipe from top to bottom. The vertical drainage pipe is used to be buried in the straight slope section of the dam top, and the inclined drainage pipe is used to be buried in the upstream slope section of the gravity dam. The slope ratio of the inclined drainage pipe and the upstream slope section of the gravity dam is the same.

3. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The branch drainage pipe extends vertically, and the switch structure includes a pipe plug, which is used to seal the upper end of the branch drainage pipe. The upper end of the pipe plug is connected to a control screw, and the upper end of the control screw extends upward and cooperates with the top thread of the operating platform. Adjacent operating platforms are connected by transition steps.

4. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage components are arranged in two groups at intervals along the length direction of the gravity dam, and the operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components are arranged vertically in a staggered manner. Transition steps are connected between adjacent operating platforms of the two groups of drainage components.

5. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height difference between two vertically adjacent operating platforms is 2m.

6. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water collecting vent pipe is arranged close to the dam top.

7. The gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water collecting vent pipe is provided with a horizontal section extending toward the upstream side of the dam top straight slope section, and the outer end of the horizontal section is communicated with the outside.

8. A gravity dam, characterized in that: It includes a dam body, a drainage corridor is provided at the bottom of the dam body, the dam body includes a dam top straight slope section and a gravity dam upstream dam slope section from top to bottom, and the side of the dam body facing upstream is provided with the gravity dam drainage horizontal pipe structure described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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