Outer annular air knife and multi-beam additive machining head special for laser arc compounding

Abstract

The utility model discloses an outer annular air knife special for laser arc compounding and a multi-beam additive machining head, and belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing and 3D printing. The outer annular air knife comprises an air knife upper cavity block (41) and an air knife lower cavity disc (42) which are connected in the vertical direction; and an outer circular seam (44) for spraying air is arranged between the air knife upper cavity block (41) and the air knife lower cavity disc (42). The multi-beam additive machining head comprises an integrated body (1), a welding gun (2) is connected to the center of the integrated body (1), surrounding multi-beam laser (3) is coaxially arranged on the periphery of the integrated body (1), and an outer annular air knife (4) is arranged at the bottom end of the welding gun (2). The outer annular air knife can form high-speed air flow, and smoke dust and splashing caused by arc welding can be effectively blown away so as to prevent the smoke dust and the splashing from polluting a protective lens in the laser protective lens bin at the upper end, so that the laser light emitting efficiency is reduced, the energy output is reduced, and even the protective lens is directly burnt down.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of outer ring-shaped air knife and multi-beam additive processing head of laser electric arc composite special purpose belong to metal additive manufacturing and 3D printing technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metal additive manufacturing technology is a kind of emerging technology that began to appear in the 1980s of the 20th century. After decades of development, there are now laser, electron beam, thermal spraying, electric arc and other forms of heat source. Among them, the most widely used is laser additive technology. Laser additive technology melts metal powder by laser beam, and realizes the three-dimensional forming of metal powder from bottom to top. With the rapid development of laser technology, metal additive manufacturing technology is becoming more and more popular. Electric arc additive manufacturing technology also belongs to metal additive manufacturing technology, which uses electric arc or plasma arc as heat source to melt metal wire. Under the control of program or software, the principle of layer-by-layer cladding is adopted to finally print the required product.

[0003] Laser or electric arc additive technology has its corresponding advantages and disadvantages. Laser is more suitable for small and precise part manufacturing due to its small spot size, high energy concentration, good surface quality and high mechanical properties, and is widely used in aerospace, medical and other fields. The equipment of electric arc is simple, the energy utilization is high, the forming speed is fast, and it is more suitable for manufacturing large parts, but its precision is low, the surface quality is poor, and the size and precision of the part cannot be too high.

[0004] Currently, there is laser electric arc composite additive manufacturing technology, which is generally electric arc-based and uses a side-shaft laser. The use of laser preheating makes the electric arc forming guided, which can obtain better forming quality. On the basis of greatly improving the deposition efficiency of laser additive, the surface forming quality of the original electric arc additive is also greatly improved. However, due to the side-shaft arrangement of laser, the metal deposition effect has anisotropy, and the forming direction is different, resulting in different forming surface quality. Therefore, the coaxial laser electric arc composite method emerges as the times require, solving the problem of anisotropy of forming.

[0005] In addition, in the prior art, when laser electric arc composite is used for 3D additive printing, smoke and spatter will be caused, which will pollute the protective lens in the upper end laser protective lens chamber, resulting in a decrease in laser light output efficiency and energy output, and even directly burning the protective lens, seriously affecting the welding quality. There is no device in the prior art that can efficiently blow away the smoke and spatter caused by arc welding. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of outer annular air knife special for laser electric arc composite, the air knife can form high-speed airflow, can effectively blow away smoke and spatter caused by arc welding, to prevent its pollution to the protective lens in the upper end laser protective lens bin, cause laser light efficiency to drop, energy output reduces, more even direct burnout protective lens.

[0007] Meanwhile, the utility model provides a kind of multi-beam additive processing head special for laser electric arc composite, the processing head coaxial laser electric arc composite can be used to the integrated additive manufacturing of complex metal component with higher surface quality requirement, and has wide application scenarios in scientific research, product proofing and high-end manufacturing field.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

[0009] On one hand, the utility model provides a kind of outer annular air knife special for laser electric arc composite, including up and down connection's air knife upper cavity block and air knife lower cavity disc;The center of air knife upper cavity block and air knife lower cavity disc is provided with the through hole for penetrating welding torch, and air knife upper cavity block and air knife lower cavity disc are provided with outer ring gap for jet.

[0010] Preferably, the center of air knife lower cavity disc is provided with through hole, and the gun neck protection gas nozzle for laser electric arc composite of welding torch is movably connected in through hole, air knife upper cavity block is sleeved on gun neck protection gas nozzle and located above air knife lower cavity disc, and the outer wall between the hole inner wall of air knife upper cavity block and gun neck protection gas nozzle is provided with interstice one, the lower surface of air knife upper cavity block is provided with support convex point, and support convex point forms interstice two between the contact surface of air knife upper cavity block and air knife lower cavity disc, and interstice one and interstice two are communicated and form outer ring gap.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of gun neck protection gas nozzle is integrally connected with convex outer edge, and the concave groove matched with convex outer edge is arranged on air knife lower cavity disc;Waist-shaped through hole is arranged on air knife lower cavity disc, and air knife lower cavity disc is fixed on gun neck protection gas nozzle through jackscrew.

[0012] Preferably, the upper surface of air knife lower cavity disc forms flow guide arc outside interstice two.

[0013] Preferably, flow guide arc includes right angle arc extending downward along the outer edge of interstice two, the bottom end of right angle arc extends horizontally outward to form horizontal line, the outer edge of horizontal line extends outward upward to form inclined angle arc, and the end of inclined angle arc is flush with the lower surface of air knife upper cavity block.

[0014] Preferably, the width of outer ring gap is 0.7-1.2mm.

[0015] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of multi-beam additive processing head of laser electric arc composite special use, including integrated main body, the center of integrated main body is connected with welding torch, integrated main body's outer periphery coaxially is provided with surrounding multi-beam laser, the bottom of welding torch is provided with outer ring air knife.

[0016] Preferably, the outer ring air knife includes an upper cavity block and a lower cavity disc connected vertically; the center of the upper cavity block and the lower cavity disc is provided with a through hole for penetrating the welding torch, and an outer ring gap for air injection is provided between the upper cavity block and the lower cavity disc. The center of the lower cavity disc is provided with a through hole, and a gun neck protection nozzle of the welding torch for laser electric arc composite is movably connected in the through hole; the upper cavity block is sleeved on the gun neck protection nozzle and located above the lower cavity disc; an aperture one is provided between the inner wall of the hole of the upper cavity block and the outer wall of the gun neck protection nozzle; a support protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the upper cavity block, which forms an aperture two between the contact surface of the upper cavity block and the lower cavity disc, and the aperture one and the aperture two are connected and form the outer ring gap. The outer wall of the gun neck protection nozzle is integrally connected with a raised outer edge, and a groove matching the raised outer edge is provided on the lower cavity disc; a waist-shaped through hole is provided on the lower cavity disc, and the lower cavity disc is fixed on the gun neck protection nozzle by a top wire. A flow guide arc is formed on the outer edge of the aperture two on the upper surface of the lower cavity disc. The flow guide arc includes a right-angle arc extending downward along the outer edge of the aperture two, a horizontal line extending horizontally outward from the bottom end of the right-angle arc, an inclined-angle arc extending outward and upward from the outer edge of the horizontal line, and the end of the inclined-angle arc is flush with the lower surface of the upper cavity block. The width of the outer ring gap is 0.7-1.2mm.

[0017] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of multi-beam additive processing head of laser electric arc composite special use, including integrated main body, the center of integrated main body is connected with welding torch, integrated main body's outer periphery coaxially is provided with surrounding multi-beam laser, the bottom of welding torch is provided with outer ring air knife, welding torch is fixed on welding torch mounting plate, and molten pool camera is also installed on welding torch mounting plate.

[0018] Preferably, the welding torch and the gun neck are screwed together by a gun neck copper pressure block; the combined part of the welding torch and the gun neck after connection is wrapped by a gun neck upper insulating block and a gun neck lower insulating block; the gun neck upper insulating block, the welding torch and the gun neck after connection are pressed on the welding torch mounting plate by screws in sequence by the gun neck lower insulating block; the air knife air inlet is connected to the air knife air inlet cavity by threads; the air knife air inlet cavity is fastened to the connecting seat by screws and then to the welding torch mounting plate; the gun neck passes through the air knife air inlet cavity and the connecting seat; the rib plate and the mounting bottom plate are fixed on the welding torch mounting plate by screws; the gun neck protection nozzle is connected to the gun neck above the connecting seat by threads.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting bottom plate is connected with external moving parts.

[0020] Preferably, the external moving component comprises a robot or a machine tool.

[0021] Preferably, the welding gun is connected to a welding power source.

[0022] Preferably, the integrated main body is a 6-beam integrated main body, a through hole for passing through the welding gun is arranged at the center of the 6-beam integrated main body, a gun neck straightening ceramic piece and a gun neck protective gas nozzle straightening ceramic piece are coaxially and vertically arranged in the through hole, six laser protection lens cases are coaxially arranged at the outer periphery of the 6-beam integrated main body, protection lens pieces are arranged in the laser protection lens cases, and the laser protection lens cases are drawer-type arranged in the 6-beam integrated main body; a laser optical shaping module surrounding the multi-beam laser is connected to the upper surface of the laser protection lens case through an interface, and the laser optical shaping module comprises six groups.

[0023] Further preferably, a laser optical fiber plug is inserted into the laser optical shaping module, and the laser optical fiber plug comprises an SMA905, a D80, a QCS or a QBH.

[0024] Preferably, the outer ring-shaped air knife comprises an air knife upper cavity block, the air knife upper cavity block is arranged at the lower end of the 6-beam integrated main body, cooperates with the convex outer edge of the gun neck protective gas nozzle to form an outer ring-shaped gap with a width of 0.7-1.2 mm, is connected to an air knife gas source through an air knife air inlet quick connector, and gas flows downward from the air knife air inlet cavity and is sprayed outward from the outer ring-shaped gap; a waist-shaped through hole through which laser passes is arranged on an air knife lower cavity disc, and the air knife lower cavity disc is fixed on the gun neck protective gas nozzle through a jackscrew.

[0025] Preferably, the molten pool camera is arranged on a camera mounting piece, a plurality of rows of hole positions for adjusting the mounting position of the molten pool camera are arranged on the camera mounting piece, the camera mounting piece is arranged at the lower end of a camera connecting plate, the camera connecting plate is arranged on a camera mounting seat through a screw, and the camera mounting seat is connected to a rib plate and a welding gun mounting plate through a screw.

[0026] Further preferably, the camera mounting piece is arranged at the lower end of the camera connecting plate through two screws, and one of the two screws is arranged in an arc-shaped waist hole for adjusting the swing angle of the molten pool camera.

[0027] The use scenario of the utility model is as follows:

[0028] The product can be arranged at the end of various moving mechanisms, the forming size mainly depends on the size of the moving mechanism, and the product can be used for integrated additive manufacturing of complex metal components with high surface quality requirements, and has a wide application scenario in scientific research, product sampling and high-end manufacturing fields.

[0029] The function of the utility model is as follows:

[0030] Coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing, multi-wavelength coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing and coaxial laser electric arc composite wire feeding additive manufacturing.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of

[0032] The utility model discloses a kind of multi-beam additive processing head of laser electric arc composite special purpose, 6 laser optical shaping module coaxial arrangement, make coaxial laser electric arc composite of processing head, can be used to the integrated additive manufacturing of complex metal component of higher surface quality requirement, solve the problem of forming anisotropy in prior art.

[0033] The laser protective lens bin of the utility model is internally provided with protective lens, which can effectively protect the upper laser optical shaping module from dust and splashing pollution of optical lens in the optical shaping module.

[0034] The gun neck straightening ceramic piece plays a role in straightening the inserted gun neck to eliminate the light filament coupling difference caused by the bending of the gun neck. Meanwhile, by utilizing the insulation and high-temperature resistance characteristics of the ceramic piece, the gun neck is prevented from directly contacting the 6-beam integrated main body, so that the gun neck is prevented from being electrified.

[0035] The gun neck protection air nozzle straightening ceramic piece is coaxially installed with the gun neck straightening ceramic piece, and is used to straighten the gun neck protection air nozzle to make it coaxial with the center of the 6-beam integrated main body, so that the air outlet of the lower end outer annular air knife module is prevented from being uneven. While being insulated, the distance between the place and the final molten pool is relatively short, and the temperature is relatively high during long-time work. The ceramic piece can provide good long-time stability.

[0036] The high-speed outer annular air knife formed by the outer annular air knife of the utility model can effectively blow away the smoke and splashing caused by arc welding, so as to prevent the protective lens in the upper laser protective lens bin from being polluted, to prevent the laser light output efficiency from being reduced, the energy output from being reduced, and even the protective lens from being directly burned out.

[0037] In the utility model, the outer annular gap can form high-speed airflow, which can effectively blow away the smoke and splashing caused by arc welding, and the flow guide arc can effectively guide the airflow, so that the effect of blowing away the smoke and splashing after the airflow is guided is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the multi-beam additive processing head of laser electric arc composite special purpose in the utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a side view of Figure 1

[0040] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of surrounding multi-beam laser in the utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of Figure 3 assembled​

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer and inner annular air knife of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the assembled structure;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 5 sectional view of

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer annular seam in the utility model;

[0046] Figure 9 This is a flow diagram of the air source of the outer annular air knife of the utility model;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the melt pool camera in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the assembled structure;

[0049] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of the welding gun in the utility model;

[0050] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the assembled structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 5-6 As shown, an outer annular air knife specially used for laser arc composite includes an upper air knife cavity block 41 and a lower air knife cavity disk 42 connected in an upper and lower direction; a through hole for penetrating the welding gun 2 is provided in the center of the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42, and an outer annular seam 44 for air jet is provided between the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42.

[0054] In this embodiment, the outer annular gap 44 generates a high-speed airflow that effectively disperses the smoke and spatter caused by arc welding, preventing it from contaminating the protective lens within the upper laser protection lens chamber, which could lead to reduced laser light output efficiency, decreased energy output, or even direct burns of the protective lens. In this embodiment, the addition of an outer annular air knife can significantly improve product quality in coaxial wire-feed laser additive manufacturing, multi-wavelength coaxial wire-feed laser additive manufacturing, or coaxial laser arc composite fuse additive manufacturing.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figures 5-9 As shown, an outer annular air knife specially used for laser arc composite includes an upper air knife cavity block 41 and a lower air knife cavity disk 42 connected in an upper and lower direction; a through hole for penetrating the welding gun 2 is provided in the center of the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42, and an outer annular seam 44 for air jet is provided between the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42.

[0057] Specifically, a through hole is provided in the center of the air knife lower cavity disk 42, and a gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 of the welding gun 2 for laser arc composite is movably connected in the through hole. The air knife upper cavity block 41 is sleeved on the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 and is located above the air knife lower cavity disk 42. A gap 45 is provided between the inner wall of the hole of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the outer wall of the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210. A supporting protrusion 46 is provided on the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41. The supporting protrusion 46 forms a gap 47 between the contact surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disk 42. The gap 45 and the gap 47 are connected to form an outer annular seam 44.

[0058] A raised outer edge is integrally connected to the outer wall of the gun neck protection air nozzle 210, and a groove matching the raised outer edge is provided on the air knife lower cavity plate 42; a waist-shaped through hole 43 is provided on the air knife lower cavity plate 42, and the air knife lower cavity plate 42 is fixed to the gun neck protection air nozzle 210 by a top screw.

[0059] The upper surface of the air knife lower cavity plate 42 forms a guide arc 48 at the outer edge of the second aperture 47 .

[0060] The guide arc 48 includes a right-angle arc 481 extending downward along the outer edge of the gap 2 47. The bottom end of the right-angle arc 481 extends horizontally outward to form a horizontal line 482. The outer edge of the horizontal line 482 extends outward and upward to form an inclined arc 483. The end of the inclined arc 483 is flush with the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41.

[0061] In this embodiment, the addition of the guide arc can effectively guide the airflow, and the guided gas has a better effect on blowing away smoke, dust and splashes.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] like Figures 1-2As shown, a laser electric arc composite dedicated multi-beam additive processing head, including integrated main body 1, the center of integrated main body 1 is connected with welding torch 2, the outer periphery of integrated main body 1 is coaxially provided with surrounding multi-beam laser 3, the bottom end of welding torch 2 is provided with outer annular air knife 4.

[0064] The main component function of the utility model:

[0065] 1, welding torch 2: have push-pull wire function, can directly carry out electric arc additive process with welding power supply.

[0066] 2, surrounding multi-beam laser 3: 6-way surrounding laser layout, can adapt to a variety of fiber interfaces, for example: SMA905, D80, QCS, QBH etc. Preheating is provided for substrate and welding wire, and the surface quality of electric arc additive forming is improved. At the same time, in order to deal with some high-reflective surface metal, the input wavelength of laser can be changed, for example, short-wave blue light laser is used to preheat copper, aluminum and other high-reflective materials, and the overall applicability is improved.

[0067] As shown in the figure, Figures 3-4 The structure of surrounding multi-beam laser 3 is as follows:

[0068] Laser optical shaping module 16 is an optical lens module that can insert laser fiber plug and collimate and focus laser beam. The form of laser fiber plug can be any form of SMA905, D80, QCS, QBH, and laser optical shaping module 16 can be made into an adaptive interface form for connection. A total of 6 laser optical shaping modules 16.

[0069] The built-in protective lens 15 in laser protection lens bin 14 can effectively protect the upper laser optical shaping module 16, prevent dust and splashing from polluting the optical lens in the laser optical shaping module 16. The structure of the drawer type is placed in the 6-beam integrated main body. The center of the 6-beam integrated main body is provided with a through hole 11 for passing through the welding torch 2, and the gun neck straightening ceramic piece 12 and the gun neck protection air nozzle straightening ceramic piece 13 are installed coaxially and vertically in the through hole 11.

[0070] The gun neck straightening ceramic piece 12 plays a role in straightening the inserted gun neck 21, so as to eliminate the difference in light wire coupling caused by the bending of the gun neck 21. At the same time, by taking advantage of the insulation and high temperature resistance of the ceramic piece, the gun neck 21 is prevented from being in direct contact with the 6-beam integrated main body, which may cause electrification.

[0071] The gun neck protection air nozzle straightening ceramic piece 13 is coaxially installed with the gun neck straightening ceramic piece 12, which straightens the gun neck protection air nozzle 210, makes it coaxial with the center of the 6-beam integrated main body, and prevents the uneven outflow of the lower end outer annular air knife 4. While being insulated, the distance between this place and the final molten pool is relatively close, and the temperature is relatively high during long-term work, so the ceramic piece can provide good long-term stability.

[0072] like Figures 5-7 As shown, 3. Outer annular air knife 4: forms an outward-jetted annular airflow, which can effectively deal with the smoke and splashes generated during the arc additive process, prevent laser lens contamination, and ensure the stability of the molding process.

[0073] The structural composition of the outer annular air knife 4 is as follows:

[0074] The air knife upper cavity block 41 is mounted at the lower end of the 6-beam integrated body, forming a narrow outer annular gap 44 with the raised outer edge of the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210. Specifically, the outer annular gap 44 has a size of 0.7-1.2 mm, and in this embodiment, a 1.0 mm outer annular gap 44 is preferably selected. The air knife gas source is connected via the air knife inlet quick plug 25. Gas flows downward from the air knife inlet cavity 26 and is ejected outward from the outer annular gap 44. The air knife lower cavity plate 42 is provided with a waist-shaped through-hole 43 for transmitting the laser light. The air knife lower cavity plate 42 is fixed to the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 by a set screw.

[0075] Specifically, the outer annular gap 44 is a channel formed between the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disk 42 .

[0076] The high-speed outer annular air knife formed can effectively blow away the smoke and splash caused by arc welding to prevent them from contaminating the protective lens 15 in the upper laser protection lens chamber 14, resulting in a decrease in laser light output efficiency, reduced energy output, and even direct burning of the protective lens.

[0077] like Figures 12-13 As shown, 5. Welding gun fixing structure:

[0078] The welding gun 2 and the gun neck 21 are screw-locked together by the gun neck copper pressing block 22 to ensure close contact between the two and prevent high-voltage discharge from forming a gap.

[0079] The joint between the connected welding gun 2 and the gun neck 21 is wrapped by the upper gun neck insulating block 23 and the lower gun neck insulating block 24 to prevent it from contacting with external metal parts and causing external electricity.

[0080] The lower insulating block 24 of the gun neck sequentially presses the upper insulating block 23 of the gun neck, the connected welding gun 2 and the gun neck 21 onto the welding gun mounting plate 5 through screws.

[0081] The air knife air inlet quick plug 25 is connected to the air knife air inlet cavity 26 by a thread, and the air knife air inlet cavity 26 is first fastened to the connecting seat 27 by a screw, and then fastened to the welding gun mounting plate 5. The air in the outer annular air knife 4 at the lower end enters from the air knife air inlet quick plug.

[0082] The rib plate 28 and the mounting base plate 29 are fixed to the welding gun mounting plate 5 using screws. The mounting base plate 29 is used to connect external moving parts, such as robots, machine tools, etc.

[0083] The gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 is connected to the gun neck 21 by screw thread, and serves to concentrate the molten pool protection gas to prevent oxidation of the molten pool.

[0084] Embodiment 4

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the laser electric arc composite special multi-beam additive processing head comprises an integrated body 1, a welding gun 2 is connected to the center of the integrated body 1, a surrounding multi-beam laser 3 is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the integrated body 1, an outer ring-shaped air knife 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the welding gun 2, the welding gun 2 is fixed on a welding gun mounting plate 5, and a molten pool camera 6 is also mounted on the welding gun mounting plate 5.

[0086] As shown in Figures 10-11 , the molten pool camera 6 is used to better observe the state of the molten pool and protect the safety of the staff. The laser and electric arc parameters can be adjusted in real time according to the state of the molten pool.

[0087] Structure and composition of the molten pool camera 6:

[0088] The molten pool camera 6 is mounted on a camera mounting member 61, and the camera mounting member 61 is provided with multiple rows of hole positions for adjusting the mounting position of the molten pool camera 6.

[0089] The camera mounting member 61 is mounted at the lower end of a camera connecting plate 62 and is fastened by two screws, one of which is provided with an arc-shaped waist hole 64 for adjusting the swing angle of the molten pool camera 6.

[0090] The camera connecting plate 62 is mounted on a camera mounting seat 63 by screws, and the camera mounting seat 63 is connected to the rib plate 28 and the welding gun mounting plate 5 by screws.

[0091] The purpose of setting multiple adjustments is to enable the molten pool camera 6 to capture a clearer state of the molten pool, so as to facilitate parameter correction of the process.

[0092] Specifically, in this embodiment, the size of the outer ring gap 44 is 0.7-1.2mm, and the outer ring gap 44 of this embodiment is preferably 0.7mm.

[0093] Embodiment 5

[0094] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that:

[0095] As shown in Figures 5-9 , the outer ring-shaped air knife 4 comprises an air knife upper cavity block 41 and an air knife lower cavity disc 42 connected upward and downward; the centers of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disc 42 are provided with through holes for penetrating the welding gun 2, and the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disc 42 are provided with an outer ring gap 44 for air injection.

[0096] Specifically, a through hole is provided in the center of the air knife lower cavity disk 42, and a gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 of the welding gun 2 for laser arc composite is movably connected in the through hole. The air knife upper cavity block 41 is sleeved on the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 and is located above the air knife lower cavity disk 42. A gap 45 is provided between the inner wall of the hole of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the outer wall of the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210. A supporting protrusion 46 is provided on the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41. The supporting protrusion 46 forms a gap 47 between the contact surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disk 42. The gap 45 and the gap 47 are connected to form an outer annular seam 44.

[0097] A raised outer edge is integrally connected to the outer wall of the gun neck protection air nozzle 210, and a groove matching the raised outer edge is provided on the air knife lower cavity plate 42; a waist-shaped through hole 43 is provided on the air knife lower cavity plate 42, and the air knife lower cavity plate 42 is fixed to the gun neck protection air nozzle 210 by a top screw.

[0098] The upper surface of the air knife lower cavity plate 42 forms a guide arc 48 at the outer edge of the second aperture 47 .

[0099] The guide arc 48 includes a right-angle arc 481 extending downward along the outer edge of the gap 2 47. The bottom end of the right-angle arc 481 extends horizontally outward to form a horizontal line 482. The outer edge of the horizontal line 482 extends outward and upward to form an inclined arc 483. The end of the inclined arc 483 is flush with the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is only that:

[0102] like Figures 5-9 As shown, the outer annular air knife 4 includes an upper air knife cavity block 41 and an air knife lower cavity disk 42 connected in an upper and lower direction; a through hole for penetrating the welding gun 2 is provided in the center of the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42, and an outer annular seam 44 for air jet is provided between the upper air knife cavity block 41 and the lower air knife cavity disk 42.

[0103] Specifically, a through hole is provided in the center of the air knife lower cavity disk 42, and a gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 of the welding gun 2 for laser arc composite is movably connected in the through hole. The air knife upper cavity block 41 is sleeved on the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210 and is located above the air knife lower cavity disk 42. A gap 45 is provided between the inner wall of the hole of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the outer wall of the gun neck protection gas nozzle 210. A supporting protrusion 46 is provided on the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41. The supporting protrusion 46 forms a gap 47 between the contact surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41 and the air knife lower cavity disk 42. The gap 45 and the gap 47 are connected to form an outer annular seam 44.

[0104] The outer wall of the gun neck protection air nozzle 210 is integrally connected with a convex outer edge, and the air knife lower cavity disc 42 is provided with a groove matched with the convex outer edge; the air knife lower cavity disc 42 is provided with a waist-shaped through hole 43, and the air knife lower cavity disc 42 is fixed on the gun neck protection air nozzle 210 through a top screw.

[0105] The upper surface of the air knife lower cavity disc 42 forms a flow guide arc 48 at the outer edge of the aperture two 47.

[0106] The flow guide arc 48 includes a right-angle arc 481 extending downward along the outer edge of the aperture two 47, the bottom end of the right-angle arc 481 extends horizontally outward to form a horizontal line 482, the outer edge of the horizontal line 482 extends outward and upward to form an inclined-angle arc 483, and the end of the inclined-angle arc 483 is flush with the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block 41.

[0107] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An outer annular air knife specially used for laser arc compounding, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper air knife cavity block (41) and a lower air knife cavity disc (42) connected in an upper and lower direction; a through hole for penetrating a welding gun (2) is provided in the center of the upper air knife cavity block (41) and the lower air knife cavity disc (42); an outer annular seam (44) for air jet is provided between the upper air knife cavity block (41) and the lower air knife cavity disc (42).

2. The outer annular air knife dedicated to laser arc compounding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A through hole is provided at the center of the air knife lower cavity disk (42), and a gun neck protection gas nozzle (210) of a laser arc composite welding gun (2) is movably connected in the through hole. The air knife upper cavity block (41) is sleeved on the gun neck protection gas nozzle (210) and is located above the air knife lower cavity disk (42). A pore 1 (45) is provided between the inner wall of the hole of the air knife upper cavity block (41) and the outer wall of the gun neck protection gas nozzle (210). A supporting convex point (46) is provided on the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block (41). The supporting convex point (46) forms a pore 2 (47) between the contact surface of the air knife upper cavity block (41) and the air knife lower cavity disk (42). The pore 1 (45) and the pore 2 (47) are connected to form an outer annular seam (44).

3. The outer annular air knife dedicated to laser arc compounding according to claim 2, characterized in that: A raised outer edge is integrally connected to the outer wall of the gun neck protection air nozzle (210), and a groove matching the raised outer edge is provided on the air knife lower cavity disk (42); a waist-shaped through hole (43) is provided on the air knife lower cavity disk (42), and the air knife lower cavity disk (42) is fixed to the gun neck protection air nozzle (210) by a top screw.

4. The outer annular air knife dedicated to laser arc compounding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the air knife lower cavity disk (42) forms a guide arc (48) at the outer edge of the second aperture (47).

5. The outer annular air knife dedicated to laser arc compounding according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The guide arc (48) includes a right-angle arc (481) extending downward along the outer edge of the second aperture (47), the bottom end of the right-angle arc (481) extends horizontally outward to form a horizontal line (482), the outer edge of the horizontal line (482) extends outward and upward to form an inclined arc (483), and the end of the inclined arc (483) is flush with the lower surface of the air knife upper cavity block (41).

6. A multi-beam additive processing head dedicated to laser arc compounding, characterized in that: The invention comprises an integrated body (1), a welding gun (2) is connected to the center of the integrated body (1), a surrounding multi-beam laser (3) is coaxially arranged on the periphery of the integrated body (1), and an outer annular air knife (4) is arranged at the bottom end of the welding gun (2).

7. The multi-beam additive processing head dedicated to laser arc hybrid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer annular air knife (4) comprises an upper air knife cavity block (41) and a lower air knife cavity disc (42) connected in an upper and lower direction; a through hole for penetrating the welding gun (2) is provided in the center of the upper air knife cavity block (41) and the lower air knife cavity disc (42); an outer annular seam (44) for air jet is provided between the upper air knife cavity block (41) and the lower air knife cavity disc (42).

8. The multi-beam additive processing head dedicated to laser arc hybrid according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding gun (2) is fixed on a welding gun mounting plate (5), and a molten pool camera (6) is also mounted on the welding gun mounting plate (5).

9. The multi-beam additive processing head dedicated to laser arc hybrid according to claim 8, characterized in that: The integrated body (1) is a 6-beam integrated body. A through hole (11) for passing a welding gun (2) is provided at the center of the 6-beam integrated body. A gun neck straightening ceramic piece (12) and a gun neck protective gas nozzle straightening ceramic piece (13) are coaxially and vertically installed in the through hole (11). Six laser protection mirror chambers (14) are coaxially arranged on the periphery of the 6-beam integrated body. A protective lens (15) is built into the laser protection mirror chamber (14). The laser protection mirror chamber (14) is drawer-type placed inside the 6-beam integrated body. A laser optical shaping module (16) surrounding the multi-beam laser (3) is connected to the upper surface of the laser protection mirror chamber (14) through an interface.

10. The multi-beam additive processing head dedicated to laser arc hybrid according to claim 8, characterized in that: The molten pool camera (6) is mounted on a camera mounting member (61), and the camera mounting member (61) is provided with multiple rows of holes for adjusting the mounting position of the molten pool camera (6); the camera mounting member (61) is mounted on the lower end of the camera connecting plate (62); the camera connecting plate (62) is mounted on the camera mounting seat (63), and the camera mounting seat (63) is connected to the welding gun mounting plate (5).

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