Hole protection device for soft rock roadway drilling

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling protection equipment, in particular to a soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device which comprises a pile casing, a pile casing cap and a seat plate, the pile casing cap is fixedly connected to the top end of the pile casing, a through hole is formed in the center of the pile casing cap, and the through hole is communicated with the pile casing and has the same inner diameter with the pile casing; the seat plate movably sleeves the peripheral surface of the pile casing, and the upper surface of the seat plate abuts against the pile casing cap. The pile casing fixes the drilling position to prevent the drilling rod from deviating from the designed drilling position due to vibration and the like, and damage of vibration of the drilling rod to the hole opening wall can be effectively prevented through protection of the pile casing. The pile casing cap is located outside the drill hole to form a blocking part higher than the bottom plate, rock slag can be blocked around the drill hole, and blockage of the drill hole due to the fact that the rock slag returns to the drill hole is reduced. According to the utility model, the damage of vibration of the drill rod to the hole wall of the hole opening in the drilling process is effectively avoided, the adverse effects of insufficient drilling depth and the like caused by self-flowing backfilling of rock slag at the hole opening of the drilling hole can be reduced, the soft rock roadway drilling work is optimized, the workload of workers is reduced, and the drilling quality and the hole forming rate are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to drilling protection equipment technical field especially relates to a soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal is an important energy base and chemical raw material, which provides important support for national economic development and social stability. In the process of coal mining, anchor rod, anchor cable support and other are important ways to ensure safe and efficient mining of coal resources, and drilling is an indispensable step in anchor rod, anchor cable support construction.

[0003] Soft rock is a kind of complex rock mechanics medium with significant plastic deformation under specific environment. Based on the characteristics of soft rock, the following problems often occur in the process of soft rock roadway drilling in the past: (1) the drill rod swings left and right with large amplitude when the anchor rod drilling machine drills, which leads to serious damage to the hole mouth, irregular hole mouth shape, poor hole forming quality, which is not conducive to the play of the role of post active support, and is easy to cause damage to the supporting structure; (2) the drilling slag is accumulated around the hole mouth, and the rock slag is backfilled after the drill rod is withdrawn, which leads to insufficient drilling depth, and even the rock slag and gravel block the drilling hole, forming a waste hole, which greatly increases the labor intensity of workers. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model provides a kind of soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device to solve the defect that soft rock roadway drilling often faces poor hole forming quality in prior art, which can improve the hole forming quality of soft rock roadway drilling and reduce the workload of workers.

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, including protection cylinder, protection cylinder cap and seat plate, the protection cylinder is hollow tubular structure;The protection cylinder cap is fixedly connected to the top end of the protection cylinder, the protection cylinder cap center is provided with through hole, the through hole is communicated with the protection cylinder and the same inner diameter;The seat plate is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the protection cylinder, and the upper surface of the seat plate is in abutment with the protection cylinder cap, and the size of the seat plate is greater than the size of the protection cylinder cap.

[0006] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model, the surface of the protection cylinder cap away from the protection cylinder is provided with a bevel along the center to the periphery, and the upper surface of the seat plate is provided with a bevel along the center to the periphery of the outer peripheral part in abutment with the protection cylinder cap.

[0007] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model, the center of the seat plate is provided with a stepped hole, and the lower surface of the protection cylinder cap is in abutment in the stepped hole.

[0008] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, the plurality of adjusting assemblies are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the stepped hole in a circumferential direction, the adjusting assembly comprises a stud fixed to the inner wall surface of the stepped hole and a jam nut movably arranged at the end of the stud, and the jam nut is used for abutting against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap.

[0009] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, a plurality of reduced diameter rings are radially arranged in the stepped hole, and the cross section of the reduced diameter ring is Z-shaped, so that the inner diameter of the stepped hole is adjusted by the increase and decrease of the reduced diameter ring.

[0010] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, the seat plate is a circular plate, a centering mechanism is movably arranged on the upper surface of the seat plate, and the centering mechanism is adapted to move along the radial direction of the seat plate to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap.

[0011] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, the centering mechanism comprises a plurality of centering grooves, the centering grooves are arranged in a diverging manner along the radial direction of the seat plate, the centering grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the seat plate, the two side walls in the centering groove are provided with a positioning hole in opposite positions, a positioning block is movably arranged in the centering groove, the positioning block is adapted to switch positions in different positioning holes, and the top of the positioning block is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate, so as to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap.

[0012] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, the centering mechanism comprises a plurality of sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are arranged in a diverging manner along the radial direction of the seat plate, the sliding grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the seat plate, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the two side walls in the sliding groove in opposite positions, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, the sliding block is a flexible trapezoidal block, is adapted to slide along the sliding groove to abut against different limiting protrusions, and the top of the sliding block is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate, so as to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap.

[0013] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, the casing and the casing cap are provided with a gap corresponding to each other, and a throat ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the casing and the casing cap, so as to adjust the diameter of the casing and the casing cap through the throat ring.

[0014] According to the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, a plurality of pile holes are distributed on the seat plate, and a positioning pin pile is movably arranged in the pile hole.

[0015] The soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model, through installing the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device when drilling a hole in the soft rock roadway floor, the protection of the hole mouth can be realized, the hole position is fixed by the protection cylinder, the deviation from the designed hole position caused by the drill rod vibration and the like is prevented, through the protection of the protection cylinder, the damage of the drill rod vibration to the hole wall of the hole mouth can be effectively prevented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is one of the structure schematic views of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the top view of Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 3 It is the second structure schematic view of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the third structure schematic view of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 It is the fourth structure schematic view of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device provided by the utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 It is the top view of Figure 5 .

[0023] Figure 7 It is one of the structure schematic views of the centering mechanism provided by the utility model.

[0024] Figure 8 It is the second structure schematic view of the centering mechanism provided by the utility model.

[0025] Figure 9 It is an embodiment structure of the pile casing and the pile casing cap provided by the utility model.

[0026] The figure mark: 1, the pile casing;2, the pile casing cap;3, the seat board;31, the step hole;32, the pile hole;33, the positioning pin pile;4, the adjusting assembly;41, the stud;42, the top tight nut;5, the reduced diameter ring;6, the centering mechanism;61, the centering groove;62, the positioning hole;63, the positioning block;64, the sliding groove;65, the limiting protrusion;66, the sliding block;7, the notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model more clear, the technical scheme in the utility model will be described clearly and completely in the following with the drawings in the utility model, obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than all the embodiment. Based on the embodiment in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skill in the art without making the creative labor belong to the scope of the protection of the utility model.

[0028] In the description of the embodiment of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that, unless there is explicit provision and limitation, the term "connects", "connection" should be broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection, can be direct connection, also can be indirectly connected through the intermediate medium. For the ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the embodiment of the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the embodiment of the utility model, unless there is explicit provision and limitation, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact of the first and second features, or indirect contact of the first and second features through the intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present embodiment. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0031] The specific structure of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the present application will be described below. Figures 1 to 9 The specific structure of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the present application will be described below.

[0032] One embodiment of the present application provides a soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, which is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device comprises a casing 1, a casing cap 2 and a seat plate 3, the casing 1 is a hollow tubular structure; the casing cap 2 is fixedly connected to the top end of the casing 1, the casing cap 2 is provided with a through hole in the center, the through hole is in communication with the casing 1 and has the same inner diameter; the seat plate 3 is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 1, the upper surface of the seat plate 3 abuts against the casing cap 2, and the size of the seat plate 3 is greater than that of the casing cap 2.

[0033] The soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the present embodiment can protect the drilling hole when drilling the soft rock roadway floor, specifically, in some examples of drilling the soft rock roadway floor, the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 are first welded into one body, when drilling to about 1m, the drilling construction is paused and the drill rod is taken out, the seat plate 3 is placed at the drilling position, the seat plate 3 has a through hole in the center, the through hole is coaxial with the drilling hole when the seat plate 3 is placed, then the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 are vertically downwardly arranged along the through hole in the center of the seat plate 3 (and the drilling hole) until the lower surface of the casing cap 2 abuts against the seat plate 3. Then the drill rod is passed through the through hole in the center of the casing cap 2 and the casing 1, the drilling construction is continued, and after the drilling is completed, the entire hole protection device is pulled out from the floor drilling through the casing cap 2.

[0034] It can be understood that, in the process of drilling, the installation of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the embodiment can realize the protection of the hole mouth, the fixed hole position of the protection cylinder 1 can prevent the deviation of the designed drilling position caused by the vibration of the drill rod, and the protection of the protection cylinder 1 can effectively prevent the damage of the hole wall caused by the vibration of the drill rod. The protection cylinder cap 2 is located outside the drilling hole and forms a blocking part higher than the floor, and the protection cylinder cap 2 can block the rock debris around the drilling hole, thereby reducing the return of the rock debris to the drilling hole and causing the blockage of the drilling hole. The installation of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the embodiment has obvious advantages of simplicity and efficiency, effectively avoids the damage of the hole wall caused by the large vibration amplitude of the drill rod in the process of drilling the soft rock roadway floor, and reduces the adverse effects such as insufficient drilling depth caused by the self-flowing backfill of the drilling hole mouth rock debris. At the same time, the device is simple and convenient to use, easy for workers to operate in complex and difficult roadway environments, optimizes the soft rock roadway drilling work, reduces the workload of workers and improves the drilling quality and hole forming rate, and has an important guiding role for the anchoring operation construction of the soft rock roadway.

[0035] In some embodiments of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the utility model, referring to Figure 1 , the surface of the protection cylinder cap 2 away from the protection cylinder 1 is inclinedly arranged along the center to the periphery, and the outer peripheral part of the upper surface of the seat plate 3 beyond the abutment with the protection cylinder cap 2 is inclinedly arranged along the center to the periphery.

[0036] It can be understood that the protection cylinder cap 2 can block the rock debris in the process of drilling the drill rod, in the embodiment, the upper surface of the protection cylinder cap 2 is inclinedly arranged downward from the center to the periphery, and the upper surface of the seat plate 3 is also inclinedly arranged from the center to the periphery, when the rock debris is brought out in the process of drilling or after the drill rod is withdrawn, the rock debris will roll along the inclined surface of the upper surface of the protection cylinder cap 2 and the upper surface of the seat plate 3 to the periphery of the drilling hole, away from the drilling hole, and further avoid the backfill of the rock debris into the drilling hole.

[0037] In some embodiments of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the utility model, referring to Figure 3 or Figure 4 , a stepped hole 31 is arranged in the center of the seat plate 3, and the lower surface of the protection cylinder cap 2 abuts in the stepped hole 31. It can be understood that the seat plate 3 can play a fixed role, the seat plate 3 is laid on the ground around the drilling hole, and will be subjected to a certain pressure perpendicular to the ground downward in the process of drilling, these forces can act on the ground through the seat plate 3 to press and reinforce the surrounding of the drilling hole, and the stepped hole 31 is arranged in the center of the seat plate 3, and the lower surface of the protection cylinder cap 2 abuts in the stepped hole 31, the protection cylinder cap 2 can be circumferentially positioned through the stepped hole 31 to prevent circumferential jumping, and the protection cylinder cap 2 and the protection cylinder 1 are fixed as a whole, that is, the circumferential fixation of the hole protection device is formed through the stepped hole 31, on the one hand, the hole mouth of the drilling hole is protected from the influence of the left and right swing of the drill rod, and on the other hand, a certain reverse extrusion force can be applied to the drill rod to ensure the centering effect of the drilling hole.

[0038] In some specific examples, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall surface of the stepped hole 31 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of adjusting assemblies 4 in the circumferential direction, the adjusting assembly 4 includes a stud 41 fixed on the inner wall surface of the stepped hole 31 and a jam nut 42 movably arranged at the end of the stud 41, and the jam nut 42 is used to abut against the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2. It can be understood that for different sizes of the casing cap 2, in order to ensure the circumferential limiting of the stepped hole 31 to the casing cap 2, the adjusting assembly 4 can be adjusted, specifically, by adjusting the jam nut 42 at the end of the stud 41, the jam nut 42 can be relatively close to or away from the casing cap 2, after the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 are inserted into the seat plate 3, the casing cap 2 falls into the stepped hole 31, according to the size of the casing cap 2, the jam nut 42 is rotated to move the jam nut 42 at the end of the adjusting stud 41 towards the casing cap 2, until it abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2, and the plurality of adjusting assemblies 4 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are adjusted together, so that the casing cap 2 can be firmly positioned at the center of the seat plate 3, preventing it from moving in the circumferential direction.

[0039] In some specific examples, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of reduced diameter rings 5 are arranged along the radial direction of the stepped hole 31 in the stepped hole 31, the cross section of the reduced diameter ring 5 is Z-shaped, and the inner diameter of the stepped hole 31 is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the reduced diameter ring 5. It can be understood that in this example, the casing cap 2 is fixed by arranging the reduced diameter ring 5, the cross section of the reduced diameter ring 5 is Z-shaped, by arranging different number of reduced diameter rings 5, the change of the hole diameter of the stepped hole 31 can be realized, by selecting the appropriate number of reduced diameter rings 5, the casing cap 2 can be abutted with the reduced diameter ring 5, and the casing cap 2 can be firmly positioned at the center of the seat plate 3.

[0040] In some embodiments of the soft rock roadway hole drilling hole protection device of the utility model, the seat plate 3 is a circular plate, a centering mechanism 6 is movably arranged on the upper surface of the seat plate 3, and the centering mechanism 6 is suitable for moving along the radial direction of the seat plate 3 to abut against the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the circumferential positioning of the casing cap 2 is realized by adjusting the centering mechanism 6, and the casing cap 2 is abutted by the plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed centering mechanisms 6 to be firmly positioned at the center of the seat plate 3.

[0041] In some specific examples, referring to Figure 7 As shown, the centering mechanism 6 includes a plurality of centering grooves 61, the centering grooves 61 are arranged in a diverging manner along the radial direction of the seat plate 3, the plurality of centering grooves 61 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the seat plate 3, the two side walls in the centering groove 61 are relatively provided with a positioning hole 62, a positioning block 63 is movably arranged in the centering groove 61, the positioning block 63 is suitable for position switching in different positioning holes 62, and the top of the positioning block 63 is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate 3 to abut against the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2.

[0042] It can be understood that the plurality of centering grooves 61 evenly distributed in a diverging manner along the circumference of the seat plate 3 provide moving channels for the positioning blocks 63 in various directions, the positioning holes 62 oppositely arranged on the two side walls of the centering grooves 61 are suitable for position switching of the positioning blocks 63, the top of the positioning blocks 63 is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate 3, and the positioning blocks 63 are fixed by being switched and fixed into the appropriate positioning holes 62, so that abutting and fixing of the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2 are realized.

[0043] In some other specific examples, referring to Figure 8 It can be understood that the plurality of centering grooves 61 evenly distributed in a diverging manner along the circumference of the seat plate 3 provide moving channels for the positioning blocks 63 in various directions, the positioning holes 62 oppositely arranged on the two side walls of the centering grooves 61 are suitable for position switching of the positioning blocks 63, the top of the positioning blocks 63 is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate 3, and the positioning blocks 63 are fixed by being switched and fixed into the appropriate positioning holes 62, so that abutting and fixing of the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2 are realized.

[0044] It can be understood that the plurality of centering grooves 61 evenly distributed in a diverging manner along the circumference of the seat plate 3 provide moving channels for the positioning blocks 63 in various directions, the positioning holes 62 oppositely arranged on the two side walls of the centering grooves 61 are suitable for position switching of the positioning blocks 63, the top of the positioning blocks 63 is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate 3, and the positioning blocks 63 are fixed by being switched and fixed into the appropriate positioning holes 62, so that abutting and fixing of the outer circumferential surface of the casing cap 2 are realized.

[0045] In some embodiments of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, referring to Figure 9 It can be understood that, in the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the embodiment, the notch 7 is arranged on the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 correspondingly, so that the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 become a variable-diameter structure, the throat clamp can be tightened or loosened correspondingly according to the size of the drilling hole diameter, and the casing 1 can be matched with the drilling hole diameter. The soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device of the embodiment can match drilling holes of multiple diameters by using one hole protection device, and the applicable drilling hole diameter range of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device is improved.

[0046] In some other embodiments of the soft rock roadway drilling hole protection device, referring to Figure 2As shown, the seat plate 3 is distributed with a plurality of pile holes 32, and a positioning pin 33 is movably arranged in the pile hole 32. It can be understood that the seat plate 3 can exert pressure to the ground, and plays a role of fixing and protecting the surrounding rock surface of the drill hole. When the seat plate 3 is placed, the through hole in the center of the seat plate 3 is coaxial with the drill hole. After the seat plate 3 is placed, the pin 33 in the pile hole 32 of the seat plate 3 is hammered or nailed into the soft rock roadway floor by other force applying methods, so as to realize firm fixing of the seat plate 3. After the seat plate 3 is fixed, the casing 1 and the casing cap 2 are conveniently circumferentially limited.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel drilling and protection device, characterized in that: include: A casing (1), wherein the casing (1) is a hollow tubular structure; A casing cap (2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the casing (1), and a through hole is provided at the center of the casing cap (2), the through hole being in communication with the casing (1) and having the same inner diameter; A seat plate (3) is movably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the protective tube (1), an upper surface of the seat plate (3) abuts against the protective tube cap (2), and a size of the seat plate (3) is larger than a size of the protective tube cap (2).

2. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the casing cap (2) away from the casing (1) is inclined along the center to the surrounding areas, and the upper surface of the seat plate (3) is inclined along the center to the surrounding areas beyond the outer portion abutting against the casing cap (2).

3. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A stepped hole (31) is provided at the center of the seat plate (3), and the lower surface of the casing cap (2) abuts against the stepped hole (31).

4. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of adjustment components (4) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall surface of the step hole (31), and the adjustment component (4) comprises a stud (41) fixed to the inner wall surface of the step hole (31) and a tightening nut (42) movably provided at the end of the stud (41), and the tightening nut (42) is used to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap (2).

5. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of reducing rings (5) are arranged radially along the stepped hole (31) in the stepped hole (31), and the cross section of the reducing rings (5) is a Z-shaped cross section, so that the inner diameter of the stepped hole (31) can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the reducing rings (5).

6. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seat plate (3) is a circular plate, and a centering mechanism (6) is movably provided on the upper surface of the seat plate (3). The centering mechanism (6) is suitable for moving along the radial direction of the seat plate (3) to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap (2).

7. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centering mechanism (6) includes a plurality of centering grooves (61), the centering grooves (61) are divergently arranged along the radial direction of the seat plate (3), and the plurality of centering grooves (61) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the seat plate (3). Positioning holes (62) are relatively opened on the two side walls of the centering groove (61), and a positioning block (63) is movably provided in the centering groove (61). The positioning block (63) is suitable for switching positions in different positioning holes (62), and the top of the positioning block (63) is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate (3) so as to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the casing cap (2).

8. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centering mechanism (6) includes a plurality of slide grooves (64), the slide grooves (64) are divergently arranged along the radial direction of the seat plate (3), and the plurality of slide grooves (64) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the seat plate (3). Limiting protrusions (65) are relatively provided on the two side walls of the slide groove (64). A sliding block (66) is slidingly provided in the slide groove (64). The sliding block (66) is a flexible trapezoidal block suitable for sliding along the slide groove (64) to abut against different limiting protrusions (65). The top of the sliding block (66) is higher than the upper surface of the seat plate (3) so as to abut against the outer peripheral surface of the protective tube cap (2).

9. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Notches (7) are correspondingly provided on the casing (1) and the casing cap (2), and throat clamps are sleeved on the outer circumferences of the casing (1) and the casing cap (2), so that the diameters of the casing (1) and the casing cap (2) can be adjusted through the throat clamps.

10. The soft rock tunnel drilling and hole protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A plurality of pile holes (32) are distributed on the seat plate (3), and positioning pin piles (33) are movably provided in the pile holes (32).

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