Accurate quantitative compensation type evaporation and rainfall observation device

Abstract

The utility model provides an accurate quantitative compensation type evaporation and rainfall observation device which comprises an evaporation container, a water replenishing device, a liquid level measuring device and a controller, the water replenishing device and the liquid level measuring device are respectively communicated with the evaporation container, and the evaporation container is communicated with the water replenishing device through a first pipeline and a second pipeline. Metering devices are respectively arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the liquid level measuring device is communicated with the evaporation container through a communicating device, and a laser distance measuring device is arranged at the upper part of the liquid level measuring device; the laser ranging device and the metering device are electrically connected with the controller. The controller automatically collects output signals of the laser ranging device and the metering device, automatically controls the first peristaltic metering pump to supplement water, and controls the second peristaltic metering pump to pump water, so that the water supplementing bucket automatically supplements water to the evaporation bucket; in addition, the rainfall in the current time period is obtained through the two-time water measurement height difference; the evaporation capacity and the rainfall capacity can be measured at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of measurement water, specifically, relate to a kind of precision quantitative compensation formula evaporation and rainfall observation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water surface evaporation refers to the evaporation process occurring on the free water surface, and the water loss due to evaporation is called evaporation, which can reflect the evaporation capacity of a certain area. Evaporation refers to the depth of water loss due to evaporation in a certain diameter evaporator within a certain period of time. The manual measurement method not only requires a lot of manpower, but also brings a lot of workload to the relevant staff, and needs to be supplemented with water, read data and other human work regularly, and only daily or segmental amount can be obtained, and the continuous change process cannot be obtained. In addition, due to the difference between the evaporator and the natural conditions of the actual water body, and the difference in the form and installation method of the vessel, combined with the influence of different seasons, the evaporation obtained by the instrument and the natural water surface evaporation result are inconsistent, and the manual reading data is not accurate enough. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a kind of precision quantitative compensation formula evaporation and rainfall observation device, which can realize precision quantitative water supplementing, and can realize rainfall observation.

[0004] The utility model is realized as follows: a kind of precision quantitative compensation formula evaporation and rainfall observation device, including evaporation container, water supplementing device, liquid level measuring device, controller, the water supplementing device, liquid level measuring device are communicated with evaporation container respectively, evaporation container is connected between water supplementing device by first pipeline and second pipeline, first pipeline and second pipeline are respectively provided with metering device, liquid level measuring device is communicated with evaporation container by communicating device, the upper portion of liquid level measuring device is provided with laser ranging device;Laser ranging device, metering device are electrically connected with controller.

[0005] Further, a water level monitoring device is installed in the water supplementing tank.

[0006] Further, the evaporation container is composed of an evaporation barrel, a water ring and a fence from inside to outside in sequence, the inner surface of the evaporation barrel is smooth, and a layer of metal wire mesh ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the evaporation barrel.

[0007] Further, the communicating device is a communicating vessel, the communicating vessel is a pipeline with an opening and closing valve for connecting the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation container, the opening and closing valve is arranged in the pipeline of the communicating vessel, and the connection and closing between the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation container are realized by the opening and closing valve.

[0008] Further, the lower part of the liquid level measuring device is provided with a Z-shaped connecting piece.

[0009] Furthermore, the metering device is a peristaltic metering pump, the one arranged on the first pipeline is a first peristaltic metering pump, the one arranged on the second pipeline is a second peristaltic metering pump, the first peristaltic metering pump is a water replenishment pump, and the second peristaltic metering pump is a water extraction pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the controller is electrically connected to a power supply system.

[0011] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0012] 1. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device of the present invention automatically collects the output signals of the laser ranging device and the metering device through the controller, calculates the rainfall in the current period by measuring the liquid level, and accurately measures it, automatically controls the first peristaltic metering pump to replenish water, and controls the second peristaltic metering pump to pump water, thereby realizing automatic water replenishment of the evaporation tank by the water replenishment tank.

[0013] 2. The laser distance measuring device of the present invention regularly measures the water level of the liquid level measuring bucket, thereby realizing the measurement of the water level in the evaporation container and performing water level comparison. When the current water level is lower than the last measured water level, the evaporation height is obtained by subtracting the last measured water level from the current water level. When the current water level is higher than the last measured water level, the rainfall in the current period is obtained by subtracting the last measured water level from the current water level. Thus, the simultaneous measurement of evaporation and rainfall is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an optional implementation of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of another optional implementation method of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the liquid level measuring device in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the liquid level measuring device in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural principle diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 is a structure diagram of the laser ranging device in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 is a structure diagram of the water level monitoring device in the utility model.

[0022] Icon: evaporation barrel 1-1, water ring 1-2, fence 1-3, liquid level measuring barrel 2, laser ranging device 2-1, Z-shaped communication piece 2-2, communication device 3, controller 4, water supplement barrel 5, power supply system 6, first pipeline 7-1, second pipeline 7-2, first peristaltic metering pump 8-1, second peristaltic metering pump 8-2, water level monitoring device 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various changes and variations. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms indicating the position or location relationship are based on the position or location relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0025] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7A precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device includes an evaporation container, a water replenishment device, and a liquid level measuring device. The water replenishment device and the liquid level measuring device are respectively connected to the evaporation container. In this application, the evaporation container and the water replenishment device are connected by a first pipe 7-1 and a second pipe 7-2. The first pipe 7-1 and the second pipe 7-2 are respectively provided with a metering device. The liquid level measuring device is connected to the evaporation container through a connecting device. A laser distance measuring device 2-1 is provided on the upper part of the liquid level measuring device. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The communication device is a manifold 3, which is a pipe with an opening and closing valve that connects the liquid level measuring device to the evaporation vessel. The opening and closing valve can be a solenoid valve or other valve with an opening and closing function. In this application, the solenoid valve is installed in the pipe of manifold 3, and the connection and closing between the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation vessel are achieved through the solenoid valve. In this application, after the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation vessel are connected through the communication device, the liquid level measuring device and the water level in the evaporation vessel are aligned due to the consistency of atmospheric pressure. By measuring the water level in the communication device, the liquid level in the evaporation vessel can be obtained. When water level balancing is required, the solenoid valve is opened, connecting the liquid level measuring device to the evaporation vessel. When stable state measurement is required, the solenoid valve is closed, isolating the liquid level measuring device from the evaporation vessel. Furthermore, a Z-shaped connecting piece 2-2 is provided at the bottom of the liquid level measuring device, which extends the water flow distance through multiple layers of obstacles. The liquid level measuring device is connected to the evaporation vessel via the connecting device, thereby reducing the potential energy of liquid disturbance in the evaporation vessel, reducing the impact of external factors such as strong winds and rainfall on liquid level measurement, and ensuring stable and reliable liquid level measurement. In some feasible embodiments, the liquid level measuring device can be disposed inside the evaporation vessel or outside the evaporation vessel.

[0027] Specifically, the evaporation container of the present application adopts the E601B type evaporator. Because the structure, installation height, surrounding environment, etc. of the E601B type evaporator are more reasonable and scientific, it is the main instrument for measuring evaporation promoted by my country's meteorological stations. The port area of ​​the E601B type evaporator is large and it can hold more water. The measured evaporation is close to the evaporation in the natural environment. Its accuracy is better than that of a small evaporating dish. Therefore, the applicant chooses the E601B type evaporator as the evaporation container. Of course, other types of evaporators can also be selected as evaporation containers based on objective factors such as installation height and surrounding environment. In the present application, the main body of the liquid level measuring device is the liquid level measuring barrel 2, and the laser ranging device 2-1 is installed on the upper part of the liquid level measuring barrel 2, and a float-type balancing weight is placed to make it a laser measurement reflection surface and more stable. According to the principle of laser ranging, the change in the water level in the E601B type evaporator is continuously measured and converted into a digital signal output. See. Figure 6Specifically, the laser measurement timing measures the water level of the liquid level measurement barrel 2, thereby realizing measurement of the water level in the E601B type evaporator, and water level comparison. When the current water level is lower than the last measured water level, the current evaporation height is obtained by subtracting the last measurement water level from the current reading water level. When the current water level is higher than the last measured water level, the current period rainfall is obtained by subtracting the current measurement water level from the last reading water level. The evaporation and rainfall are measured simultaneously, the same measurement standard is adopted, the measurement error between different devices is reduced, and the measurement result is more accurate.

[0028] Further, in the present application, the metering device is a peristaltic metering pump, and a water level monitoring device 9 is installed in the water replenishing tank. In the present application, the water level monitoring device 9 adopts an external metal electrode water level monitor, which mainly cooperates with the electrode and the single-chip microcomputer to monitor the water level. The electrode is divided into three parts, which participate in Figure 7 The lowermost end is a metal electrode G, and the two electrodes above are detection electrodes, which are sequentially recorded as electrode W1 and electrode W2 from top to bottom. The electrode W1 is the fixed water level, and the W2 is the conversion point of rough water replenishment and trickling replenishment. The opening and closing conversion of the peristaltic metering pump is controlled by the change of the level to ensure that the accuracy meets the requirements.

[0029] When water replenishment is needed, the peristaltic metering pump is controlled to draw water from the water replenishing tank for rapid water replenishment. When the liquid level reaches the detection electrode W2, the water level is about to reach the fixed water level, the water replenishment speed is reduced, until the liquid level reaches the detection electrode W1, and the water replenishment is completed. The metering data of the peristaltic metering pump is read, and the local water replenishment amount, i.e. the evaporation amount, is calculated.

[0030] In the present application, the precise quantitative compensation type evaporation and rainfall observation device further comprises a controller 4, and the laser ranging device 2-1 and the metering device are electrically connected with the controller 4. The controller 4 is internally provided with a charging controller and a battery, a core controller, and a data transmission device. The charging controller is used to control the charging of the internal battery of the controller 4. In the present application, the core controller is mainly used to automatically collect the output signals of the laser ranging device 2-1 and the metering device, automatically control the peristaltic pump to replenish water and measure, and calculate the real-time evaporation and rainfall according to the collected data, and report the data in time. The data transmission device can be wirelessly connected with the monitoring center through a communication network group. The controller transmits the collected data to the monitoring center, realizes remote monitoring of the detection situation, and can also report the collected data to the monitoring center in the form of preset whole point reporting, fixed time reporting, or self-defined period reporting. The management personnel can accurately know the current evaporation and rainfall data in real time, solves the technical problems of time-consuming and laborious manual inspection, inaccurate manual observation data, and inability to arrive in time in disaster weather.

[0031] Controller 4 automatically collects output signals from laser rangefinder 2-1 and metering devices. In this application, controller 4 sends read or control MODBUS commands via a cable to collect data from laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering devices. MODBUS is a commonly used communication protocol used to implement data communication between devices in industrial control systems. It uses a master-slave architecture, in which controller 4 sends commands or requests data to laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering devices, and laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering devices respond or perform operations based on the controller 4's commands. For example, if MODBUS controller 4 is configured to send a read data command to laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering device, controller 4 sends a command to read a register of laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering device, requesting data from a specific laser rangefinder 2-1 or metering device. For example, 0103 00 01 0001 CRC CRC represents: address, function code, 2-bit starting address, 2-bit length, and 2-bit checksum. Laser ranging device 2-1 or metering device responds and returns data: After receiving the data read request from controller 4, laser ranging device 2-1 or metering device reads the data from its register and returns it to controller 4. For example, 01 03 04 00 01 00 01CRC CRC represents: address, function code, length, 4 data bits, and 2 check bits. Controller 4 receives and processes the data returned by laser ranging device 2-1 or metering device, and performs related operations or further processes the data as needed.

[0032] In some feasible embodiments, the evaporation container is composed of an evaporation barrel 1-1, a water ring 1-2, and a fence 1-3 from the inside to the outside, and the inner surface of the evaporation barrel 1-1 is smooth. As the main part of the evaporator, the evaporation barrel 1-1 can be a cylindrical barrel made of fiberglass to meet the requirements that the evaporation barrel 1-1 has a certain mechanical strength and a smooth surface. The port of the evaporation barrel 1-1 is in a perfect circular shape, and the side is reinforced to prevent the port from deforming easily. A layer of metal wire mesh ring can be set on the outer periphery of the evaporation barrel 1-1 for reinforcement. The water ring 1-2 is set on the periphery of the evaporation barrel 1-1. Specifically, the water ring 1-2 is designed as an arc-shaped water trough. The water trough can be made of thicker iron sheet, and a drainage hole is opened on the outer wall of the water trough. A support plate can be set between the bottom of the water trough and the inner and outer walls of the evaporation barrel 1-1 to prevent the water trough from deforming.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, an overflow hole is formed on the side wall of the evaporation barrel 1-1 near the bottom, an overflow nozzle is welded outside the overflow hole, and a rubber pipe is connected to the overflow barrel to receive the water overflowed from the evaporation barrel 1-1 due to precipitation. The overflow barrel is a closed container in the shape of a cylinder. When it rains heavily or during a rainstorm, the water in the evaporation barrel 1-1 will overflow into the overflow barrel. The overflow barrel is composed of a barrel body and a barrel cover. The barrel cover of the overflow barrel is connected to the evaporation barrel 1-1 through a rubber pipe. The connection between the barrel cover and the rubber pipe is designed as a small trumpet-shaped pipe to prevent water from flowing out of the overflow barrel. Of course, in places where there is no heavy rain, the overflow barrel can not be provided, and correspondingly, the overflow hole can not be formed on the side wall of the evaporation barrel 1-1.

[0034] Further, the controller 4 is electrically connected with a power supply system 6, which is divided into two types: one is alternating current power supply, and the other is solar power supply. When alternating current power supply is selected, the external power supply (mains) is connected externally, converted into direct current to supply power to the automatic evaporation observation station, and at the same time, the controller 4 charges the rechargeable battery. When the external power supply fails, the battery can continue to provide power source for the automatic evaporation observation station to ensure its continuous normal operation. When solar power supply is selected, the controller 4 is electrically connected with a charging controller, and the charging controller is connected with a solar photovoltaic panel. The solar photovoltaic panel is the most core component of the solar power supply, which converts sunlight into electric energy; the storage battery is the energy storage device of the solar power supply, which is used to store the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel during the day for use at night or in bad weather; the storage battery can be selected from lead-acid battery, lithium battery and the like. The charging controller has the functions of alternating current and solar switching, preferentially using solar energy, and is used for monitoring and controlling the charging and discharging process of the battery of the solar power supply system, protecting the equipment from overcharging, overdischarging or short circuit, and prolonging the service life of the system.

[0035] The working principle of the precise quantitative compensation type evaporation and rainfall observation device of the present application is that the controller 4 automatically collects the output signals of each sensor, such as the data of the laser sensing device and the peristaltic metering pump, sends the MODBUS instruction for reading or control through the cable, and collects the data of the laser sensing device and the peristaltic metering pump.

[0036] The controller 4 calculates the real-time evaporation according to the collected data, and counts the cumulative evaporation according to the needs;

[0037] The real-time evaporation can be calculated by the following formula:

[0038] E = (h1-h2) + p-q (formula 1-1)

[0039] In the formula, E represents the water surface evaporation (unit: mm);

[0040] h1: represents the water level height measured in the previous period on the evaporimeter (unit: mm);

[0041] h2: represents the water level height measured in the measured period on the evaporimeter (unit: mm);

[0042] The values of h1 and h2 are measured by a laser sensor in the evaporating pan;

[0043] p: represents the precipitation amount in the measured period, which is automatically measured by a rain sensor (unit: mm);

[0044] q: represents the overflow amount in the measured period, which is automatically measured by an overflow sensor (unit: mm).

[0045] According to the calculation principle of evaporation, it can be divided into three working conditions: no precipitation, precipitation without overflow, and precipitation with overflow. The following will be explained in turn:

[0046] (1) No precipitation

[0047] When no precipitation occurs, the real-time evaporation amount is equal to the difference between the water level height at this time and the water level height in the previous period in evaporating barrel 1-1. That is

[0048] E = h1 - h2 (Formula 1-2)

[0049] (2) With precipitation

[0050] ① When the precipitation amount does not overflow, at this time

[0051] E = (h1 - h2) + p (Formula 1-3)

[0052] ② When there is precipitation and overflow occurs, at this time

[0053] E = (h1 - h2) + p - q (Formula 1-4)

[0054] The first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 on the first pipeline 7-1 is a water supplement pump. The second peristaltic metering pump 8-2 on the second pipeline 7-2 is a water pumping pump. First, the liquid level in the liquid level measuring device connected to the communicating vessel 3 needs to be measured to determine whether the current liquid level exceeds the upper limit or is below the lower limit. When it is below the lower limit, the controller 4 calculates the current water supplement amount, communicates to the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 through the cable, starts the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 on the first pipeline 7-1, and performs evaporimeter water supplement operation. After completion, the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1, the communicating vessel 3 liquid level, and the total water supplement amount of this time are read and calculated. When it is above the upper limit, the controller 4 calculates the current water pumping amount, communicates to the second peristaltic metering pump 8-2 through the cable, starts the second peristaltic metering pump 8-2 on the second pipeline 7-2, and performs evaporimeter water pumping operation. After completion, the second peristaltic metering pump 8-2, the communicating vessel 3 liquid level, and the total water pumping amount of this time are read and calculated.

[0055] The controller 4 sends a liquid level measurement signal to the communication pipe connected to the evaporation container. When the water level increases without water replenishment, it proves that there is currently rainfall. After the rainfall stops, the water level will decrease. By subtracting the two measured water levels, the rainfall can be calculated.

[0056] In this application, the controller 4 controls the peristaltic metering pump to replenish water and metering. By adjusting the speed of the peristaltic metering pump, the controller 4 calculates the current water replenishment amount, and sends a digital signal to the peristaltic metering pump through a cable, and opens the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 to make the pipeline between the water replenishment barrel 5 and the evaporation barrel 1-1 communicate. When the water replenishment is completed, the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 is closed, the water amount of the first peristaltic metering pump 8-1 is read, and more accurate adjustment and monitoring are realized. The laser ranging device 2-1 is used to assist the measurement of the liquid level to control the peristaltic metering pump to replenish water, and to realize the automatic water replenishment of the water replenishment barrel 5 to the evaporation barrel 1-1.

Claims

1. A precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device, comprising an evaporation container, a water replenishing device, a liquid level measuring device, and a controller, wherein the water replenishing device and the liquid level measuring device are respectively connected to the evaporation container, characterized in that: The evaporation container and the water replenishment device are connected through a first pipe and a second pipe, and the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively provided with a metering device. The liquid level measuring device is connected to the evaporation container through a connecting device, and a laser ranging device is provided on the upper part of the liquid level measuring device; the laser ranging device and the metering device are respectively electrically connected to the controller.

2. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level monitoring device is installed in the water supply tank.

3. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation container is composed of an evaporation barrel, a water ring, and a barrier from the inside to the outside. The inner surface of the evaporation barrel is smooth, and a layer of metal wire mesh ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the evaporation barrel.

4. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communicating device is a communicating vessel, which is a pipe with an opening and closing valve that connects the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation container. The opening and closing valve is arranged in the pipe of the communicating vessel, and the connection and closing between the liquid level measuring device and the evaporation container are realized by the opening and closing valve.

5. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Z-shaped connecting piece is provided at the lower part of the liquid level measuring device.

6. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metering device is a peristaltic metering pump, the one arranged on the first pipeline is a first peristaltic metering pump, the one arranged on the second pipeline is a second peristaltic metering pump, the first peristaltic metering pump is a water replenishment pump, and the second peristaltic metering pump is a water extraction pump.

7. The precise quantitative compensation evaporation and rainfall observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is electrically connected to a power supply system.

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