System for loading prestress on enclosure in foundation pit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a system for loading prestress on an enclosure in a foundation pit. The prestress loading system comprises a jacking device (1), the jacking device comprises a jacking base (11) and a jacking telescopic arm (12); a jacking base of the jacking device is assembled on a horizontal support (41) close to the pit bottom through a horizontal rotating mechanism, a rotating driving mechanism (15) is arranged for the jacking base, and the rotating driving mechanism is used for driving the jacking base to do horizontal rotating action. A jacking base of the jacking device is assembled and arranged on a horizontal support close to the pit bottom, and an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged for a jacking telescopic arm and used for driving the jacking telescopic arm to swing up and down. The back shore output end of the back shore telescopic arm can obliquely extend downwards and load back shore prestress to the portion, close to the pit bottom, of the enclosure. The portion, close to the pit bottom, of the enclosure can obtain the loading back shore prestress in the first time, so that displacement deformation of the portion, close to the pit bottom, of the enclosure can be controlled in time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a foundation pit engineering technical field especially relates to a prestress system is loaded to the enclosure in foundation pit. BACKGROUND

[0002] The foundation pit excavation can cause the settlement and displacement of the surrounding stratum, thereby affecting the safety of the adjacent subway tunnel and building. The main reason is that the foundation pit excavation can cause the displacement and deformation of the surrounding soil. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a support system during the construction process of the foundation pit engineering to support the enclosure structure around the foundation pit and ensure the safety of the surrounding environment.

[0003] In addition, a servo system is also installed on the support system to actively load the bracing prestress on the enclosure structure to resist the displacement and deformation of the surrounding soil of the foundation pit.

[0004] The current problem is that:

[0005] The existing servo system mainly realizes the loading of the horizontal bracing prestress on the enclosure structure. However, the process of constructing the lower level foundation pit structure needs a long construction period. Before the construction of the lower level foundation pit structure is completed, the bracing prestress cannot be loaded on the part of the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit. As a result, the part of the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit may be displaced and deformed before the construction of the lower level foundation pit structure is completed, thereby affecting the construction quality of the entire foundation pit engineering. SUMMARY

[0006] The utility model discloses a purpose at providing a kind of prestress system is loaded to the enclosure in foundation pit, which can load bracing prestress on the part of the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit based on near bottom horizontal support.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] A prestress system is loaded to the enclosure in foundation pit, the prestress system includes bracing device;The bracing device includes bracing base and bracing telescopic arm;One end of the bracing telescopic arm serves as assembly end, and the other end of the bracing telescopic arm serves as bracing output end;The assembly end of the bracing telescopic arm is assembled and connected with the bracing base;Angle adjusting mechanism is configured for the bracing telescopic arm, and the angle adjusting mechanism is used to drive the bracing telescopic arm to make up-and-down swing action;The bracing base of the bracing device is assembled and arranged on near bottom horizontal support by horizontal rotating mechanism, and rotating drive mechanism is configured for the bracing base, and the rotating drive mechanism is used to drive the bracing base to make horizontal rotating action;The bracing output end of the bracing telescopic arm can extend towards the part of the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit and load bracing prestress on the part of the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0009] Further, the specific structure of the angle adjusting mechanism is that an angle adjusting telescopic rod is arranged for the top support telescopic arm, one end of the angle adjusting telescopic rod is assembled and connected with the top support base through a shaft pin mechanism, the other end of the angle adjusting telescopic rod is assembled and connected with the top support telescopic arm through a shaft pin mechanism, and the telescopic action of the angle adjusting telescopic rod can drive the top support telescopic arm to swing up and down, so that the angle adjusting mechanism is realized.

[0010] Further, the prestress loading system further comprises an elevation adjusting device; the elevation adjusting device comprises a force bearing purlin and a winch; the force bearing purlin is attached to the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit, and the winch is used to drive the force bearing purlin to move up and down while being attached to the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit; the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm loads the top support prestress on the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit through the force bearing purlin.

[0011] Further, the winch is installed on the near-pit bottom horizontal support.

[0012] Further, the force bearing purlin has a force bearing surface, and the force bearing surface of the force bearing purlin faces the top support base of the top support device.

[0013] Further, a top support end head is arranged on the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm, and the top support end head is assembled on the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm through a shaft pin mechanism.

[0014] Further, the top support base is assembled and arranged at the joint of the near-pit bottom horizontal support and the uplift resisting device.

[0015] Further, a water stop piece is arranged at the part where the top support telescopic arm penetrates the pit bottom plate.

[0016] The prestress loading system of the utility model has the beneficial effects that, compared with the prior art, the prestress loading system can load the top support prestress on the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit based on the near-pit bottom horizontal support, so that the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit can obtain the top support prestress in the first time, the displacement deformation of the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit can be timely controlled, and the overall engineering quality of the foundation pit project is improved.

[0017] After the construction of the near-pit bottom horizontal support is completed, the prestress loading system is immediately installed based on the near-pit bottom horizontal support, and the installation of the prestress loading system is completed before the subsequent lower layer earth excavation operation; the prestress loading system can load the top support prestress on the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit based on the near-pit bottom horizontal support; in this way, the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit can obtain the top support prestress in the first time, the displacement deformation of the bottom part of the enclosure near the pit can be timely controlled, and the overall engineering quality of the foundation pit project is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of a prestress loading system for loading the enclosure in a foundation pit according to the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2It is a schematic view of the top support base of the top support device in the embodiment 1 of the utility model fixedly assembled on the horizontal support structure. Figure 2 It is a plan view of the near pit bottom horizontal support.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the prestress loading system for the enclosure in the pit based on the embodiment 2 of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Firstly, in order to clearly and accurately describe the technical solutions in the following, the following definitions are made in advance:

[0022] Definition 1: The "current pit bottom" referred to in the present text is the pit bottom in the process of the construction and excavation of the pit, and the "current pit bottom" is a dynamic concept. Where the pit is excavated is the "current pit bottom".

[0023] Definition 2: The "design pit bottom" referred to in the present text is the pit bottom designed in the pit engineering, and the "design pit bottom" is a static concept.

[0024] Definition 3: The "enclosure near pit bottom part" referred to in the present text is the part of the enclosure structure near the current pit bottom (such as the part indicated by the arrow A in the figure). Figure 1 The "enclosure near pit bottom part" is a dynamic concept, which changes with the position of the current pit bottom. For example, when the "current pit bottom" is excavated to a depth of 1 meter, the part of the enclosure structure near the depth of 1 meter is the "enclosure near pit bottom part".

[0025] Definition 4: The "near pit bottom horizontal support" referred to in the present text is the horizontal support structure closest to the current pit bottom that has been constructed in the pit. The "near pit bottom horizontal support" is a dynamic concept. For example, when the construction of the first layer of horizontal support structure is completed, the first layer of horizontal support structure is the near pit bottom horizontal support, when the construction of the second layer of horizontal support structure is completed, the second layer of horizontal support structure is the near pit bottom horizontal support, and the first layer of horizontal support structure is no longer the near pit bottom horizontal support.

[0026] Definition 5: The "enclosure support system" referred to in the present text is a general concept, which is a generalization of all forms of "support structure" for the enclosure structure in the pit and their combinations, such as "inclined upward support structure" and "horizontal support structure".

[0027] Definition 6: The "lower level foundation pit structure" referred to herein refers to the deeper level foundation pit structure to be constructed in the next stage during the foundation pit engineering construction process. The "lower level foundation pit structure" is a dynamic concept. For example, when the first layer of horizontal support structure is constructed, the second layer of horizontal support structure to be constructed next is the lower level foundation pit structure. When the second layer of horizontal support structure is constructed, the foundation pit bottom structure to be constructed next is the lower level foundation pit structure.

[0028] Definition 7: The "lower level excavation operation" referred to herein refers to the need to excavate soil downward in the foundation pit to create a construction space for the deeper level foundation pit structure before the deeper level foundation pit structure is constructed in the next stage during the foundation pit engineering construction process. The soil excavation operation during this period is referred to as "lower level excavation operation". For example, when the first layer of horizontal support structure is constructed, the soil needs to be excavated downward to create a construction space for the second layer of horizontal support structure. The soil excavation operation during this period is referred to as lower level excavation operation.

[0029] The main concept of the utility model is:

[0030] Based on the near-bottom horizontal support, a downward inclined support component is arranged towards the foundation pit enclosure structure, and the downward inclined support component is supported at the near-bottom enclosure position. Then, a support force adding mechanism is arranged for the downward inclined support component, and the support force adding mechanism can drive the downward inclined support component to load and support the near-bottom enclosure position with prestress.

[0031] The main concept of the present application is as described above, so that the near-bottom enclosure position can be loaded with support prestress in time before the lower level foundation pit structure is constructed, so that corresponding measures can be taken in time for the displacement and deformation of the near-bottom enclosure position, thereby improving the overall engineering quality of the foundation pit engineering.

[0032] The concept of the utility model will be further described below with specific embodiments:

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , the foundation pit engineering structure involved in this embodiment will be introduced first.

[0035] As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the overall engineering structure of the foundation pit mainly includes the enclosure structure 6 and the enclosure support system, and the specific structure is set as follows:

[0036] The enclosure structure 6 is constructed at the periphery of the foundation pit, and the enclosure support system is usually arranged inside the foundation pit and is used to support the enclosure structure 6.

[0037] In the embodiment, the enclosure 6 is a soldier pile enclosure.

[0038] The enclosure support system is mainly composed of several layers of horizontal support structures 4 (one layer is shown in the figure).

[0039] The horizontal support structure 4 is arranged on the inner side of the foundation pit, and the enclosure 6 is supported by the several layers of horizontal support structures 4. For each layer of horizontal support structure 4, a corresponding enclosure purlin 7 is arranged on the enclosure 6, and the several layers of horizontal support structures 4 are connected together through the enclosure purlin 7 and the enclosure 6, thereby forming a support for the enclosure 6.

[0040] In the embodiment, the enclosure support system further includes a certain number of uplift resisting devices 5, which are fixedly arranged in the foundation pit, and then the two layers of horizontal support structures 4 mentioned earlier are connected together with the uplift resisting devices 5, which provide vertical support for the horizontal support structure 4.

[0041] In addition, in order to conveniently detect the displacement deformation of the enclosure 6 and obtain corresponding data, in the embodiment, a inclinometer pipe (prior art) is embedded in the interior of the enclosure 6, and a smart inclinometer device is configured for the inclinometer pipe. Through the combination of the inclinometer pipe and the smart inclinometer device, displacement deformation related data of the enclosure 6 can be detected and obtained. For the convenience of description, the combination of the inclinometer pipe and the smart inclinometer device is called an inclinometer device.

[0042] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned foundation pit engineering structure is a prior art structure.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment 1 provides a prestress loading system which is arranged based on the foundation pit engineering structure.

[0044] The prestress loading system is mainly used to load bracing prestress on the enclosure 6, and in particular to apply inclined downward bracing prestress on the enclosure near the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0045] Specifically,

[0046] The prestress loading system of the embodiment mainly consists of two parts, namely a bracing device 1 and an elevation adjusting device.

[0047] In the embodiment, the number of bracing devices 1 arranged is two, and both of the two bracing devices 1 are installed based on the near-bottom horizontal support 41 and located at the lower part of the near-bottom horizontal support 41.

[0048] As for a single bracing device 1,

[0049] The top support device 1 mainly comprises a top support base 11 and a top support telescopic arm 12.

[0050] The top support base 11 is assembled at the lower part of the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41 through a large horizontal rotating mechanism (prior art, such as “turntable”, not shown in the figure), so that the top support base 11 can perform a horizontal rotating action based on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41.

[0051] In addition, a rotating drive mechanism 15 is arranged for the top support base 11, which is installed based on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41, and is used to drive the “top support base 11 to perform a horizontal rotating action based on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41”.

[0052] In the embodiment, the rotating drive mechanism 15 adopts a hydraulic rotating motor, and in other embodiments, the rotating drive mechanism 15 can also adopt a rotating motor.

[0053] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the top support base 11 can also be fixedly assembled on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41. The fixed installation can be achieved in the following way:

[0054] The top support bases 11 of the two top support devices 1 are respectively arranged on both sides of a support in the horizontal support structure 4, and the top support bases 11 of the two top support devices 1 are firmly connected together by a pin 112, and the top support bases 11 of the two top support devices 1 tightly hold the support, so as to achieve the fixed installation of the top support base 11 on the horizontal support structure 4.

[0055] In addition, the connection assembly between the top support base 11 and the horizontal support structure 4 can also be achieved by using a pre-buried steel member.

[0056] The specific assembly connection form between the top support base 11 and the horizontal support structure 4 can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0057] The top support telescopic arm 12 is installed based on the top support base 11.

[0058] One end (usually the body end) of the top support telescopic arm 12 serves as the assembly end, and the other end (usually the telescopic end) of the top support telescopic arm 12 serves as the top support output end.

[0059] The assembly end of the top support telescopic arm 12 is assembled and connected with the top support base 11 through a shaft pin mechanism, so that the top support telescopic arm 12 can perform an up-down swinging action based on the top support base 11.

[0060] In addition, the top support telescopic arm 12 is also provided with an angle-adjusting telescopic rod 16. One end (usually the body end) of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod 16 is connected with the top support base 11 through a shaft pin mechanism, and the other end (usually the telescopic end) of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod 16 is connected with the middle segment of the top support telescopic arm 12 through a shaft pin mechanism. In this way, the telescopic action of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod 16 can drive the top support telescopic arm 12 to swing up and down and adjust the angle based on the top support base 11.

[0061] It should be noted that the angle-adjusting telescopic rod 16 can be summarized as an angle-adjusting mechanism provided for the top support telescopic arm 12, and other forms of angle-adjusting mechanisms can also be used in other embodiments as long as they can achieve the function of driving the top support telescopic arm 12 to swing up and down and adjust the angle based on the top support base 11.

[0062] The top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 serves as the top support output end of the entire top support device 1 and is used to output the top support force outward.

[0063] A top support head 13 is also provided at the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 and is assembled on the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 through a shaft pin mechanism. The top support head 13 can swing up and down based on the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12. The configuration of the top support head 13 matches the force-bearing surface 221 of the force-bearing surrounding purlin 22 mentioned later.

[0064] The elevation-adjusting device includes a force-bearing surrounding purlin 22 and a winch 23.

[0065] The force-bearing surrounding purlin 22 is connected with the winch rope 231 (steel strand) of the winch 23, and the winch 23 is used to implement winch lifting operation on the force-bearing surrounding purlin 22. When the winch 23 is arranged on the horizontal support structure 4, the winch 23 can implement winch lifting operation on the force-bearing surrounding purlin 22 based on the horizontal support structure 4.

[0066] It should be noted that the winch 23 has a revolution counter (commonly known as an encoder), which is conducive to accurately adjusting the winch lifting height.

[0067] The force-bearing surrounding purlin 22 also has a force-bearing surface for receiving the top support of the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1.

[0068] It should be noted that the prestress loading system of the present embodiment is mainly used to load top support prestress on the surrounding near the pit bottom, and therefore the top support device 1 and the elevation-adjusting device are mainly installed based on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41.

[0069] Specifically,

[0070] The top support base 11 of the top support device 1 is arranged on the near-bottom horizontal support 41, the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1 can be obliquely extended downward towards the enclosure 6, and the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 is obliquely downward towards the near-bottom part of the enclosure.

[0071] The winch 23 of the elevation adjusting device is arranged on the near-bottom horizontal support 41, the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 of the elevation adjusting device is located below the near-bottom horizontal support 41, and the winch 23 and the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 are separated by the horizontal support structure 4.

[0072] The load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 is attached to the near-bottom part of the enclosure, and the winch 23 can drive the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 to move up and down while attached to the near-bottom part of the enclosure.

[0073] It should be noted that the winch rope 231 of the winch 23 needs to pass through the near-bottom horizontal support 41 before being connected to the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22, so a penetration pipe 29 is provided at the corresponding position of the near-bottom part of the enclosure, and the winch rope 231 of the winch 23 can be connected to the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 after passing through the penetration pipe 29, thereby achieving the movement of the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 up and down.

[0074] It should be noted that the winch rope 231 of the winch 23 needs to be provided with some pulley system to achieve the turning of the winch rope 231, thereby achieving the movement of the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 up and down while attached to the near-bottom part of the enclosure, which is clear to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0075] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the winch 23 is not installed on the near-bottom horizontal support 41, but can be installed at other parts of the foundation pit structure, as long as it can achieve the movement of the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 up and down while attached to the near-bottom part of the enclosure.

[0076] The elevation adjusting device is used to set the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 at the supported position of the near-bottom part of the enclosure, and the top support force loaded by the top support device 1 acts on the enclosure 6 through the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22.

[0077] Since the enclosure 6 involved in the present embodiment is a pile row enclosure, the top support force loaded through the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 acts on the pile row enclosure, which can make the entire pile row enclosure bear force uniformly.

[0078] When it is needed to load the top support pre-stress at the determined pre-stress application target elevation position, the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 is moved to the determined pre-stress application target elevation position by the winch 23, then the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1 is controlled to extend and top support on the load bearing circumferential purlin 22, and the top support force loaded by the top support device 1 is then transmitted to the surrounding structure near the pit bottom through the load bearing circumferential purlin 22, so as to realize the loading of the top support pre-stress.

[0079] In addition, the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 also has a load bearing surface 221, when the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 abuts against the surrounding structure near the pit bottom, the load bearing surface 221 of the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 faces the direction where the top support device 1 is located. The load bearing surface 221 is used to receive the top pressure of the top support output end (top support end head 13) of the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1, and the top support force loaded by the top support device 1 can be transmitted to the surrounding structure near the pit bottom through the load bearing circumferential purlin 22. The load bearing surface 221 is slightly upwardly inclined, or in other words, the load bearing surface 221 is slightly inclined towards the top support base 11 of the top support device 1, so as to facilitate the top pressure of the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1 to be received as much as possible in a front manner.

[0080] It should be noted that the configuration of the load bearing surface 221 of the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 matches the configuration of the top support end head 13 mentioned earlier, so that when the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 top presses on the load bearing surface 221 of the load bearing circumferential purlin 22, the top support end head 13 can be attached together with the load bearing surface 221 of the load bearing circumferential purlin 22, and the friction between them will be very large, so that the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 can be stably top supported on the load bearing circumferential purlin 22.

[0081] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the top support device 1 can be assembled at the position where the horizontal support structure 4 is connected with the anti-pulling device 5, and the top support base 11 of the top support device 1 can be assembled and connected with the anti-pulling device 5 through a pin or a pre-buried steel member. In this way, the top support device 1 can obtain strong vertical support when loading the top support pre-stress, and the horizontal support structure 4 will not be deformed due to the reaction force caused by the top support device 1 loading the top support pre-stress.

[0082] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the elevation adjusting device is not necessarily required. In other embodiments, if the surrounding structure 6 is a continuous wall surrounding structure, the elevation adjusting device can not be provided, and the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 of the top support device 1 can directly abut and top support on the surrounding structure 6.

[0083] It should be noted that the load bearing circumferential purlin 22 can be a concrete member or a precast steel member.

[0084] It should be noted that the top support telescopic arm 12 and the angle-adjustable telescopic rod 16 mentioned in the embodiment are both telescopic rod mechanisms of the prior art, and are the same in structure, both being two-segment telescopic rods, and only different in size.

[0085] The two-segment telescopic rod has a specific structure as follows:

[0086] The two-segment telescopic rod is composed of a large hydraulic loading sleeve and a telescopic rod body, and is further provided with a driving telescopic cylinder (a hydraulic telescopic cylinder or an electric telescopic cylinder), which is arranged in the hydraulic loading sleeve, the body (cylinder body) of the driving telescopic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic loading sleeve, and the telescopic end (cylinder head) of the driving telescopic cylinder is connected with the telescopic rod body. In this way, the driving telescopic cylinder can drive the two-segment telescopic rod to perform telescopic action.

[0087] In other embodiments, the top support telescopic arm 12 and the angle-adjustable telescopic rod 16 can also adopt other forms of telescopic rod mechanisms, and the utility model has no limitation in this regard.

[0088] It should be noted that the prestress loading system can be applied to all enclosure structures or to partial enclosure structures.

[0089] The prestress loading system of the embodiment has the following main advantages:

[0090] 1) After the construction of the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41 is completed, the prestress loading system is immediately installed based on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support 41, and the installation of the prestress loading system is completed before the subsequent lower-level earth excavation operation; the top support device 1 in the prestress loading system has a top support telescopic arm 12, and the top support output end of the top support telescopic arm 12 can be obliquely downwardly extended and load top support prestress on the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure; in this way, the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure can obtain the loading of top support prestress at the first time, so that the displacement deformation of the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure can be timely controlled, thereby improving the overall engineering quality of the foundation pit project.

[0091] In addition, the prestress loading system of the embodiment has the following advantages:

[0092] 2) No pre-embedded parts are needed in the early stage, and the installation can be performed at any time, which is flexible and does not require any special structure to be set in advance.

[0093] Embodiment 2:

[0094] Referring to Figure 3 , the prestress loading system of the embodiment 2 is a further improvement based on the embodiment 1.

[0095] The main improvements are as follows:

[0096] If a local lining deep pit condition occurs at the position near the bottom of the pit, as shown in Figure 3 the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 can be lowered to the specified depth of the local lining deep pit by using the winch 23, and by further adjusting the loading length and swing angle of the jacking telescopic arm 12, the jacking end 13 is in close contact with the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22 under the pressure, and the pressure is transmitted to the load-bearing surrounding purlin 22, thereby realizing the prestress loading of the surrounding structure 6.

[0097] It should be noted that when the jacking telescopic arm 12 penetrates the bottom plate 33, a water stop piece 32 needs to be installed in the jacking telescopic arm 12.

[0098] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A prestressed system for loading enclosures in a foundation pit, characterized by: The prestress loading system comprises a jacking device (1); The jacking device (1) comprises a jacking base (11) and a jacking telescopic arm (12); One end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) is a mounting end, and the other end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) is a jacking output end; The mounting end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) is connected with the jacking base (11); An angle adjusting mechanism is arranged for the jacking telescopic arm (12), and the angle adjusting mechanism is used to drive the jacking telescopic arm (12) to swing up and down; The jacking base (11) of the jacking device (1) is arranged on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support (41) through a horizontal rotating mechanism, and a rotating driving mechanism (15) is arranged for the jacking base (11), and the rotating driving mechanism (15) is used to drive the jacking base (11) to rotate horizontally; The jacking output end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) can extend towards the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure and load the jacking prestress on the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure.

2. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the angle adjusting mechanism is that: An angle-adjusting telescopic rod (16) is arranged for the jacking telescopic arm (12), one end of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod (16) is connected with the jacking base (11) through a shaft pin mechanism, the other end of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod (16) is connected with the jacking telescopic arm (12) through a shaft pin mechanism, and the telescopic action of the angle-adjusting telescopic rod (16) can drive the jacking telescopic arm (12) to swing up and down, so as to realize the angle adjusting mechanism.

3. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestress loading system further comprises an elevation adjusting device; The elevation adjusting device comprises a force-bearing surrounding purlin (22) and a winch (23); The force-bearing surrounding purlin (22) abuts against the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure, and the winch (23) is used to drive the force-bearing surrounding purlin (22) to move up and down while abutting against the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure; The jacking output end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) loads the jacking prestress on the near-pit-bottom part of the enclosure through the force-bearing surrounding purlin (22).

4. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The winch (23) is arranged on the near-pit-bottom horizontal support (41).

5. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The force-bearing surrounding purlin (22) has a force-bearing surface (221), and the force-bearing surface (221) of the force-bearing surrounding purlin (22) faces the jacking base (11) of the jacking device (1).

6. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A jacking end head (13) is arranged on the jacking output end of the jacking telescopic arm (12), and the jacking end head (13) is connected with the jacking output end of the jacking telescopic arm (12) through a shaft pin mechanism.

7. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacking base (11) is arranged at the joint of the near-pit-bottom horizontal support (41) and the anti-pulling device (5).

8. The system for prestressing the retaining structure in the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water stop piece (32) is arranged at the part where the jacking telescopic arm (12) penetrates the pit bottom plate (33).

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