Energy relay structure based on RFID technology
By introducing an energy relay structure into the RFID system and utilizing parallel plate capacitors and aluminum coils to form LC resonance, the problem of limited communication distance between the reader and the tag is solved, extending data acquisition and anti-counterfeiting query capabilities. This method is applicable to RFID tags conforming to the ISO/IEC protocol.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422904487.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-27
AI Technical Summary
In passive high-frequency RFID systems, the communication distance between the reader and the RFID tag is limited, which cannot meet the usage requirements of some product packaging scenarios, resulting in the inability to collect data or perform anti-counterfeiting queries.
Design an RFID-based energy relay structure, including a capacitor and a coil, with the capacitor and coil connected in series. A parallel plate capacitor and an aluminum coil are used to form an LC resonance to extend the communication distance, and it is compatible with ISO/IEC 14443 and ISO/IEC 15693 protocols.
Without altering the existing packaging structure, the communication distance between the reader and the RFID tag is significantly extended, enabling data collection and anti-counterfeiting query functions, and increasing the communication distance to more than twice the basic distance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223461878U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of RFID technology, specifically relates to an energy relay structure based on RFID technology. BACKGROUND
[0002] The energy transmission mode in the passive high-frequency RFID system is inductive coupling, and the communication distance of the reader and the RFID tag has a theoretical upper limit, for example, the existing international standard protocol ISO / IEC 14443, and the theoretical farthest distance of stable reading and writing is about 10cm. In actual application, the communication distance will further decrease due to the area of the RFID tag and the power of the reader.
[0003] Taking the common use scene of the consumer end as an example, when using the mobile phone NFC as the reader and trying to read and write the RFID tag of the ISO / IEC 14443 protocol with an effective area of about 26mm*26mm, the actual limit communication distance is about 3cm. The distance of 3cm cannot meet the use requirement in part of the commodity packaging scene, resulting in that the packaging scheme of part of the commodities has to give up using the RFID system for data collection or anti-fake inquiry. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model provides a kind of energy relay structure based on RFID technology, it is to be able to extend the communication distance of reader and RFID tag.
[0005] The utility model realizes by the following technical scheme: a kind of energy relay structure based on RFID technology, including capacitor and coil, the capacitor is connected in series with the coil;The capacitance value and the inductance value of the coil are same with the capacitance and inductance of RFID tag respectively.
[0006] Further, the coil is PCB hard coil, and two ends of the PCB hard coil are welded and fixed with the capacitor.
[0007] Further, the coil is copper enameled wire coil formed by copper enameled wire winding, and two ends of the copper enameled wire coil are welded and fixed with the capacitor.
[0008] Further, the coil is aluminum coil, the aluminum coil is etched on PET substrate, and the capacitor is connected with the PET substrate and the aluminum coil.
[0009] Further, the capacitor is parallel-plate capacitor, the parallel-plate capacitor includes parallel-plate top surface and parallel-plate bottom surface, the parallel-plate top surface and the parallel-plate bottom surface are located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the PET substrate respectively;One end of the coil is connected with the parallel-plate bottom surface, and the other end of the coil is connected with the parallel-plate top surface.
[0010] Further, the parallel plate top surface is connected with a connecting arm, and the parallel plate top surface is connected with the coil through the connecting arm.
[0011] Further, one end of the coil connected with the connecting arm is a coil riveting surface, and the coil riveting surface is a planar structure.
[0012] Further, the parallel plate top surface and the parallel plate bottom surface of the parallel plate capacitor are both comb-shaped.
[0013] Further, the parallel plate top surface and the parallel plate bottom surface of the parallel plate capacitor are both located on the inner side of the coil.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0015] In a passive high-frequency RFID system, the energy acquisition mode of the RFID tag is inductive coupling (or magnetic coupling), as shown in the formula (1), the current passes through the reader antenna, and an alternating magnetic field is generated around the reader antenna. Figure 1 When the antenna of the RFID tag enters the alternating magnetic field range, an induced current is generated, and when the distance is close enough and the obtained energy is sufficient, the chip of the RFID tag can be activated, and the reader can interact with the RFID tag.
[0016] The calculation method of the magnetic field strength generated by the reader is as follows (under the premise of circular coil and near-field coupling):
[0017]
[0018] In the formula, H is the magnetic field strength, I is the current intensity, N is the number of turns of the coil, R is the antenna radius, and x is the action distance.
[0019] In actual application, when the reader type is determined, I, N and R are fixed values, at this time, the magnetic field strength H gradually decreases with the increase of the action distance x, when the voltage converted from the magnetic field strength H at the tag end is insufficient to start the chip internal storage and control circuit, the reader and the tag cannot complete communication.
[0020] The energy relay structure based on the RFID technology in the utility model can form inductive coupling with the reader antenna and the tag antenna at the same time, and has low self-energy loss. The energy relay structure based on the RFID technology in the utility model can form LC resonance at a specific frequency, receive and transmit energy and data.
[0021] The energy relay mode based on the RFID technology prolongs the communication distance of a reader and an RFID tag to more than twice of the basic distance under the premise of meeting the existing international standard protocols ISO / IEC 14443 and ISO / IEC 15693.
[0022] In addition, the parallel-plate capacitor is adopted as the capacitor in the utility model, and the parallel-plate top surface and the parallel-plate bottom surface of the parallel-plate capacitor are comb-shaped to form sufficient capacitance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the utility model and form a part of the present application, and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 1 It is the principle diagram of inductive coupling between the reader and the tag;
[0025] Figure 2 It is the equivalent circuit diagram of the RFID tag;
[0026] Figure 3 It is the equivalent circuit diagram of the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 It is the overhead view of the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 It is the exploded schematic view of the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 6 It is the partial sectional view of the parallel-plate capacitor and the PET base material in the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology of the utility model;
[0030] Figure 7 It is the principle diagram of inductive coupling when the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology of the utility model is placed between the reader and the tag;
[0031] Figure 8 It is the perspective view of the wine bottle placed in the box body;
[0032] Figure 9 It is the structure schematic view of the energy relay structure based on the RFID technology applied in the wine packaging.
[0033] Markings in the drawings and corresponding names of parts:
[0034] Energy relay structure 100, coil 1, parallel plate capacitor 2, parallel plate top surface 20, connecting arm 201, parallel plate bottom surface 21, riveting point 4, coil riveting surface 5, PET substrate 6, box body 7, outer cover 8, inner cover 9, label 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the utility model is further described in detail below by combining with examples and drawings, the schematic embodiment and its description of the utility model are only used for explaining the utility model, and do not serve as the limitation of the utility model.
[0036] As Figure 4 shown, the embodiment provides an energy relay structure based on RFID technology, which comprises a capacitor and a coil 1, and the capacitor and the coil 1 are connected in series; the capacitance value and the inductance value of the coil 1 are same as the capacitance and the inductance of the RFID tag respectively.
[0037] In order to achieve the maximum energy relay effect, the energy relay structure needs to be able to resonate at the same resonant frequency as the reader and the resistance tag. The resonant frequency QUOTE 13.56MHz is specified in international standard protocol ISO / IEC 14443, ISO / IEC 15693, and the relationship among the resonant frequency, the capacitance value and the inductance value can be known through Thomson formula, wherein L is inductance, and C is capacitance:
[0038]
[0039] In the RFID system, the inductance L of the electronic tag comes from the antenna coil 1, and the capacitance C comes from the chip radio frequency port capacitor, and the equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 2 , wherein Ra is the resistance of the antenna coil 1, and Rc is the resistance of the chip radio frequency port.
[0040] As Figure 3 shown, the energy relay structure based on RFID technology in the embodiment needs to meet the inductance and the capacitance of the same size as the RFID tag, and the equivalent circuit is LRC series circuit, which is similar to the RFID tag, only without the chip radio frequency port resistance and various circuits inside the chip.
[0041] The coil 1 in the energy relay structure based on RFID technology in the utility model can be determined according to the selected processing and manufacturing process and the final use environment, in one embodiment, the coil 1 is a PCB hard coil 1, and the two ends of the PCB hard coil 1 are welded and fixed with the capacitor; in another embodiment, the coil 1 is a copper enameled wire coil 1 formed by winding copper enameled wire, and the two ends of the copper enameled wire coil 1 are welded and fixed with the capacitor.
[0042] Back to this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the coil 1 in this embodiment is an aluminum coil, which is etched on the PET substrate 6, so that the coil 1 is attached to the PET substrate 6, and the capacitor is connected to the PET substrate 6 and the aluminum coil 1. Specifically, the capacitor in this embodiment is a parallel plate capacitor 2, and the parallel plate capacitor 2 includes a parallel plate top surface 20 and a parallel plate bottom surface 21. The parallel plate top surface 20 and the parallel plate bottom surface 21 are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the PET substrate 6; Figure 5 As shown, one end of the coil 1 is connected to the bottom surface 21 of the parallel plate. In this embodiment, the coil 1 and the bottom surface 21 of the parallel plate are integrally connected, and the other end of the coil 1 is connected to the top surface 20 of the parallel plate.
[0043] Combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting arm 201 is connected to one side of the parallel plate top surface 20, and the connecting arm 201 is integrally connected to the parallel plate top surface 20. The parallel plate top surface 20 is connected to the coil 1 through the connecting arm 201. One end of the coil 1 connected to the connecting arm 201 is the coil riveted surface 5, and the coil riveted surface 5 is a planar structure.
[0044] In this embodiment, one end of the connecting arm 201 connected to the coil riveted surface 5 of the coil 1 is a riveted point 4 , and the connecting arm 201 and the coil riveted surface 5 are riveted together by punching, deformation, and rivet at the riveted point 4 .
[0045] In this embodiment, the coil riveted surface 5 is a planar structure, which increases the contact area between the connecting arm 201 and the coil riveted surface 5, facilitates the riveting fixation between the coil 1 and the connecting arm 201, and is more convenient to process. In this embodiment, the parallel plate capacitor 2 is connected to the coil 1 to form an integral body.
[0046] The parallel plate top surface 20 and the parallel plate bottom surface 21 have the same shape and area. In this embodiment, the parallel plate top surface 20 and the parallel plate bottom surface 21 of the parallel plate capacitor 2 are both comb-shaped, which can form a sufficient capacitance value.
[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the coil 1 is arranged in a ring shape to form a circular structure, and the parallel plate top surface 20 and the parallel plate bottom surface 21 of the parallel plate capacitor 2 are both located on the inner side of the coil 1. This can make the entire structure more compact, reduce the area of the entire energy relay structure, make the entire structure smaller, and have a wider range of applications.
[0048] In this embodiment, the etching aluminum antenna manufacturing process is taken as an example. The inductance can be realized by the winding of coil 1, which is no different from the RFID tag antenna part. The capacitance can be provided by the parallel plate capacitor 2 double-layer structure.
[0049] The inductance calculation method is as follows: L is the inductance of the antenna coil, and N is the number of turns of the antenna coil. is the vacuum permeability. is the relative permeability; A is the cross-sectional area of the antenna coil; and l is the length of the antenna coil.
[0050]
[0051] The capacitance calculation method is as follows: C is the capacitance, ε is the dielectric constant of the medium between the plates, S is the opposite area of the capacitor plate, k is the electrostatic force constant, and d is the distance between the capacitor plates.
[0052]
[0053] According to the above formula, when the electronic tag that needs energy relay is a circular electronic tag with a diameter of 26 mm conforming to the ISO / IEC 14443 protocol, the etching aluminum antenna manufacturing process is selected.
[0054] In this embodiment, the energy relay structure will have some energy loss in the process of transferring energy, which can be effectively reduced by adjusting the design and adjusting the relative position. At the same time, multiple energy relay structures can be stacked for use, and when used, it is necessary to ensure that all adjacent two structures are within the relative distance that can form inductive coupling.
[0055] After actual testing, the circular electronic tag with a diameter of 26 mm conforming to the ISO / IEC 14443 protocol can still be read after stacking up to 7 energy relay structures, and the actual communication distance is more than 5 times the basic distance.
[0056] As shown in Figure 7 , the energy relay structure based on RFID technology in this embodiment is applied between the RFID tag 10 and the reader.
[0057] In this embodiment, the energy relay structure based on RFID technology is applied to the wine packaging for illustration. Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the anti-fake RFID tag is pasted on the top of the inner cover 9 of the wine bottle and is located in the outer cover 8 of the wine bottle, at this time, the mobile phone NFC is used to read the tag 10 from the box, because the distance between the reader and the tag 10 is about 6cm, which exceeds the communication distance, and cannot be read. Without changing the original packaging structure, the RFID system cannot be applied to data collection and anti-fake query.
[0058] The energy relay structure 100 in the utility model is pasted on the inside of the box body 7 opposite to the electronic tag 10 after being pasted by the back glue, and the mobile phone is used to read the tag 10 from the box again, because the energy relay can be used, the RFID tag on the top of the inner cover 9 of the wine bottle can be stably read. Without changing all the original structure, the packaging can apply the RFID system to realize data collection and anti-fake query verification without opening the box.
[0059] The energy relay structure in the utility model can be widely applied to the RFID anti-fake query in the packaging industry, can greatly increase the communication distance between the reader and the electronic tag, and can use the RFID anti-fake query system in some packaging scenes that cannot originally realize the RFID application. In addition, the design scheme can be realized by using various processing and manufacturing processes, and has a very wide application scene.
[0060] It should be noted that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
[0061] In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation and description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0062] In the description of the present document, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "transverse", "longitudinal" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to illustrate the relative positional relationship between the components or constituent parts, and do not particularly limit the specific installation orientation of the components or constituent parts.
[0063] In the description of the present document, some terms may be used to represent the positional or positional relationship in addition to the meaning of the terms. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain dependent relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0064] In the description of the present document, the terms "mounting", "setting", "provided with", "connected", "connected" should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally configured; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0065] The structure, proportion, size, etc. drawn in the drawings attached in the present application are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the present technical disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read, and do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.
[0066] The terms used in the present document are those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of the present disclosure, but these terms can vary according to the intention of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technology in the art. In addition, specific terms can be selected by the applicant, and in this case, the detailed meaning thereof will be described in the detailed description of the present disclosure. Therefore, the terms used in the document should not be understood as mere names, but based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of the present disclosure.
[0067] Flowcharts or words are used in the present document to illustrate the operation steps performed according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operation steps in the embodiments of the present application are not necessarily executed in the order recorded. On the contrary, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously as needed. At the same time, other operations can be added to these processes, or one or more steps of operation can be removed from these processes.
[0068] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An energy relay structure based on RFID technology, characterized by, The capacitor and the coil are connected in series, and the capacitor value and the inductance value of the coil are the same as the capacitor value and the inductance value of the RFID tag respectively.
2. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coil is a PCB hard coil, and the two ends of the PCB hard coil are welded and fixed with the capacitor.
3. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coil is a copper enameled wire coil formed by winding copper enameled wire, and the two ends of the copper enameled wire coil are welded and fixed with the capacitor.
4. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coil is an aluminum coil etched on a PET substrate, and the capacitor is connected with the PET substrate and the aluminum coil.
5. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, The capacitor is a parallel plate capacitor, which includes a parallel plate top surface and a parallel plate bottom surface, and the parallel plate top surface and the parallel plate bottom surface are located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the PET substrate respectively; one end of the coil is connected with the parallel plate bottom surface, and the other end of the coil is connected with the parallel plate top surface.
6. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parallel plate top surface is connected with a connecting arm, and the parallel plate top surface is connected with the coil through the connecting arm.
7. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the coil connected with the connecting arm is a coil riveting surface, and the coil riveting surface is a planar structure.
8. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 5, wherein, The parallel plate top surface and the parallel plate bottom surface of the parallel plate capacitor are both comb-shaped.
9. The energy relay structure based on RFID technology according to claim 5, wherein, The parallel plate top surface and the parallel plate bottom surface of the parallel plate capacitor are both located on the inner side of the coil.