Ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure
By designing an ultra-thin broadband sound-absorbing composite structure and utilizing the resonant structure of the shell, microporous plate, and membrane, the problem of low-frequency and broadband noise control in small spaces is solved, achieving a highly efficient sound absorption and noise reduction effect, suitable for small spaces such as home theaters and elevator lobbies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422406193.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing sound-absorbing materials are difficult to control low-frequency and broadband noise simultaneously in small spaces, and traditional structures are prone to collapse or pollute the environment. Furthermore, traditional Helmholtz vibration dampers can only control noise at a single specific frequency.
The structure employs an ultra-thin broadband sound-absorbing composite structure, including a sound-absorbing unit, a shell, through holes, a microporous plate, and a thin film. It achieves multiple conversions and attenuation of sound energy through resonance and viscous loss mechanisms. The structure is designed in the form of triangles, squares, or polygons. The microporous plate and thin film are placed inside and outside the shell to form a multi-layer resonant structure.
It achieves efficient sound absorption and noise reduction in small spaces, with a wide bandwidth, thin thickness, and high sound absorption coefficient, making it suitable for noise control in small spaces and possessing good sound energy conversion efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223462005U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the noise treatment field, especially is involved in a kind of ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] The noise control technology of product is the important factor of influencing consumer selection and satisfaction.Usually, the noise in small space, such as various electric appliances like air conditioner, dust collector, refrigerator, nuclear magnetic medical instrument, small functional space like small transformer, musical instrument room, due to its small space, compact structure, higher requirements for the acoustic performance and appearance structure of noise reduction material, such as, both need sound absorption material structure not to occupy too much space, and need to control the volume under the premise, its sound absorption noise reduction effect reaches optimum, therefore how to design a small volume, low price, sound absorption noise reduction effect good sound absorption body cost in the industry needs to solve the technical problem.
[0003] In traditional sound absorption noise reduction material and structure, the most commonly used sound absorption material is glass wool, rock wool and other sound absorption noise reduction materials, the forming performance of this material is poor, and it is easy to collapse, not only pollutes the environment but also easily loses sound absorption effect, noise reduction structure, such as Helmholtz damper as a typical representative of sound absorption noise reduction structure, researchers have carried out extensive research on its acoustic characteristics, applied in low-frequency pipeline noise reduction technology, Helmholtz muffler and expansion pipe muffler and other resistance muffler technology is relatively mature, when excited by a certain specific frequency sound wave, energy can be consumed through the vibration of resonance cavity, therefore these technologies can only control single specific frequency noise. Designing a new type of ultrathin Helmholtz damper structure that can simultaneously meet the low frequency and broadband control is particularly important. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem to provide a kind of ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure with small volume, thin thickness, sound absorption noise reduction frequency bandwidth and good effect.
[0005] The utility model employs the technical scheme for solving the above technical problem:
[0006] An ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure includes a plurality of noise elimination units, the noise elimination unit includes a shell, the plurality of noise elimination units are placed in contact with each other in pairs on the same plane to form a three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure, the shell is provided with a through hole, the shell provided with a through hole is placed upward, a thin film is arranged in the shell at the center of the three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure, and a microporous plate is arranged in the shell at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure.
[0007] The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure is characterized in that the cross section of the three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure is a triangular, quadrangular or other polygonal structure.
[0008] The shell has a square, circular, elliptical, triangular or polygonal cross section.
[0009] The micro-perforated plate is one, and a gap is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell.
[0010] The micro-perforated plate is two, and a gap is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell, and a gap is formed between the two micro-perforated plates.
[0011] The shell is provided with a film, and a gap is formed between the film and the lower bottom surface of the shell.
[0012] The shell is further provided with a micro-perforated plate, and a gap is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the inner side surface of the shell, and a gap is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the film.
[0013] The shell has a square cross section, the ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure comprises 16 sound absorption units, the sound absorption units are arranged in four rows and four columns, a film is arranged in the shell of the four ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structures at the center position of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, and a micro-perforated plate is arranged in the 16 shells at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure.
[0014] The sound absorption structure provided by the utility model has the advantages that the sound absorption structure adopts a miniature sound absorption unit, the micro-perforated plate and / or the film resonance structure are arranged in the sound absorption unit, sound waves first enter the sound absorption unit through the tubular through hole, then interact with the micro-perforated plate and / or the film, sound energy will produce viscous loss when passing through the tubular through hole, then further produce sound energy loss by resonance in the sound absorption unit, finally, sound energy is converted into mechanical energy and further attenuated, the sound absorption and noise reduction efficiency of the sound absorption unit is greatly improved, the sound absorption structure provided with the micro-perforated plate and / or the film is small in size, the sound absorption structure formed by corresponding combination is small in size and thin in thickness, has 1 / 23 times subwavelength sound absorption characteristics, is wide in sound absorption frequency band and good in noise reduction effect, and can adapt to sound absorption and noise reduction in various small places and spaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of Figure 1 ; and
[0017] Figure 3 It is a top view of Figure 1 ; and
[0018] Figure 4 For Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the schematic diagram;
[0019] Figure 5 the overall structure of the shell is shown schematically;
[0020] Figure 6 is the internal structure of the shell with double-layer film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] As Figures 1-6 shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a kind of ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure, which includes several sound absorption units, the several sound absorption units are placed in contact with each other to form a three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure, these sound absorption units can be located on the same plane, also can not be on the same plane, i.e. the sound absorption units between adjacent are staggered up and down, can be adjusted according to the actual application scene, sound absorption unit includes a shell 1, the shell 1 is provided with through hole 11, the shell 1 adopts metal material or non-metal material, the shape of shell 1 can be hexahedron, cylinder, cone, cylindrical, triangular column or polygonal column, the cross section of the three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure formed by the plurality of shell 1 is quadrangular structure, the height of shell 1 is selected as 20-40mm, preferably 25-35mm, most preferably 30mm, through hole 11 is arranged on one side of shell 1, through hole 11 is tubular through hole, the length of tubular through hole is selected as 1-10mm, the diameter of through hole is selected as 0.5-3mm, in assembled state, the side of shell 1 provided with through hole is placed upward, the shell in the center of three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure is provided with film, the shell at the periphery of three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure is provided with microporous plate.
[0023] As a specific selection, the micro-perforated plate 12 is arranged in the shell at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, the micro-perforated plate can be arranged as one, arranged in the middle lower position of the shell 1, a gap is left between the micro-perforated plate 12 and the lower bottom surface of the shell 1, and a gap is also left between the through hole and the micro-perforated plate. When the height of the shell is 30mm, the distance between the micro-perforated plate 12 and the lower bottom surface of the shell 1 is 6mm. As another selection, the micro-perforated plate in the shell can be arranged as two, a gap is left between the micro-perforated plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell, and a gap is also left between the two micro-perforated plates. The thickness of the micro-perforated plate is generally selected to be 0.5-1.5mm, preferably 0.8-1.0mm, the opening rate is 0.02-0.1%, preferably 0.04-0.06%, the opening diameter is selected to be 0.1-0.4mm, preferably 0.2-0.3mm, and when the height of the shell is 30mm, the distance between the two micro-perforated plates is 6mm, and the distance between the lower micro-perforated plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell is 3mm.
[0024] The film 13 is arranged in the shell at the center of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, the film 13 is arranged in the middle lower position of the shell 1, and a gap is left between the film 13 and the lower bottom surface of the shell 1. As a structural improvement, the shell provided with the film can also be provided with a micro-perforated plate, the micro-perforated plate can be arranged above or below the film, and a gap is left between the micro-perforated plate and the film. The sound wave first enters the shell 1 through the through hole 11. Since the through hole has a certain length, the sound wave collides with the wall of the tubular through hole when passing through the tubular through hole, friction and reflection are generated, the intensity of the sound wave is weakened, the weakened sound wave enters the shell, and encounters the micro-perforated plate or the film in the shell. Since a certain cavity is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell, the micro-perforated plate encountering the sound wave will vibrate, and together with the vibration of the sound wave, resonance will be generated to convert mechanical energy and be consumed, thereby playing a role in weakening the noise. Similarly, the film encountering the sound wave will also vibrate, and together with the vibration of the sound wave, resonance will be generated to weaken the noise. If a double-layer micro-perforated plate or a combination structure of the film and the micro-perforated plate is arranged, the sound wave will generate a second resonance effect, the sound energy will be further weakened to achieve a good sound absorption and noise reduction effect. The conversion of sound energy conforms to the law of conservation of energy, and the energy loss is equal to the total energy minus the sum of the reflected sound wave energy and the transmitted sound wave energy. Since the sound absorption unit of the utility model belongs to a single-port end resonator, the sound wave cannot be transmitted, so the transmission energy is 0.
[0025] As a specific selection, as shown in FIG. 6, the micro-perforated plate 12 is arranged in the shell at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, the micro-perforated plate can be arranged as one, arranged in the middle lower position of the shell 1, a gap is left between the micro-perforated plate 12 and the lower bottom surface of the shell 1, and a gap is also left between the through hole and the micro-perforated plate. Figure 3 、 4As shown, the cross section of the shell is square, each ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure contains 16 sound absorption units arranged in four rows and four columns, the sound absorption unit shell is a square column structure, the square side length is 10mm, the height of the shell is selected as 30mm, the height of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure is the height of the shell, that is, 30mm, the length and width of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure are the sum of the length and width of the four sound absorption unit shells respectively, a film is arranged in the shell of the four ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structures at the center position of the ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, a microporous plate is arranged in the 12 shells at the periphery of the novel three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, the hole diameters of the through holes on the adjacent sound absorption units are all different, the lengths of the holes of the through holes on the adjacent sound absorption units are also all different, the hole diameter ranges from 0.5mm to 3mm, the height of the through hole ranges from 1mm to 10mm, in this embodiment, the hole diameter and length of each shell are shown in Table 1 (R represents radius, H represents diameter), the sound absorption coefficient of the ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure in the 500-1750 frequency band can reach more than 0.9. The ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structures are arranged into a whole sound absorption surface, the sound absorption surface has the characteristics of light weight and subwavelength size of 23 times of thickness, has the characteristics of ultra-thin, the above-mentioned ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure can be used for indoor and small space noise reduction, such as small space noise reduction in a video room, an elevator room, a device room and the like, neither occupies a place, nor has a high sound absorption coefficient, has a broad application prospect.
[0026] The above-described embodiments are only one of the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, and the usual changes and replacements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scheme of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
[0027] R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 0.5 1.25 1 1.25 2.25 1.75 1 1.25 1.75 3 2 1 1.5 3 1 0.75 H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15 H16 1 10 9 1 5 2 8 5 6 6 11 9 3 1 2 2
Claims
1. An ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure comprising a plurality of sound absorption units, each of the sound absorption units comprising a shell, the plurality of sound absorption units being placed in contact with each other in pairs to form a three-dimensional ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure on the same plane, a through hole being provided on the shell, and the shell with the through hole being placed upward, characterized in that, A membrane is arranged in the shell at the center of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, and a microporous plate is arranged in the shell at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure.
2. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure is triangular, quadrangular or other polygonal structure.
3. The ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the shell is square, circular, elliptical, triangular or polygonal.
4. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous plate is one, and a gap is arranged between the microporous plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell.
5. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous plate is two, and a gap is arranged between the microporous plate and the lower bottom surface of the shell, and a gap is arranged between the two microporous plates.
6. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is provided with a membrane, and a gap is arranged between the membrane and the lower bottom surface of the shell.
7. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shell is also provided with a microporous plate, and a gap is arranged between the microporous plate and the inner side surface of the shell, and a gap is arranged between the microporous plate and the membrane.
8. The ultrathin broadband sound absorption composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the shell is square, the ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure contains 16 sound absorption units, the sound absorption units are arranged in four rows and four columns, a membrane is arranged in the shell of the four ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structures at the center position of the ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure, and a microporous plate is arranged in the twelve shells at the periphery of the three-dimensional ultra-thin broadband sound absorption composite structure.