Battery module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module, which solves the problem that the existing battery module has potential safety hazards. The battery module comprises a shell and n battery units; the n battery units are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell along the y direction; each battery unit comprises a heat exchange device, an electric connecting piece, a hollow pipe fitting and m single batteries; the m single batteries are arranged along the x direction; when any single battery in the shell is subjected to thermal runaway, thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion venting part and is discharged out of the shell from the hollow pipe fitting, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is prevented from being dispersed into the inner cavity of the shell to influence other single batteries. Besides, a heat exchange device is arranged at the top of each single battery, a direct heat exchange mode is adopted, heat exchange of the polar terminals is achieved, compared with an indirect heat exchange mode, a short heat exchange path is achieved, heat exchange media directly act on the polar terminals, the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange media is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the batteries is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely is a battery module. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of single batteries are connected by electricity to form a battery module (also called a battery pack).

[0003] However, due to the high concentration of single batteries in the battery module, a large amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging, and the heat gradually increases. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the battery module, thereby reducing the service life of the battery module. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery module is destroyed, which further causes thermal runaway of the battery module, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] In addition, each single battery in the battery module may experience thermal runaway due to mechanical, electrical, thermal abuse, and its own defects. If thermal runaway occurs without effective treatment, it may cause safety accidents and threaten the personal safety of people around the battery pack. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of battery module, mainly solve the problem that existing battery module exists security risk.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model provides a kind of battery module, including shell and n battery units;

[0007] n battery units are arranged in the shell inner cavity along y direction;

[0008] Each battery unit includes a heat exchange device, an electrical connector, a hollow pipe, and m single batteries;M single batteries are arranged along the x direction;Wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;M is an integer greater than 1;

[0009] The heat exchange device is arranged at the top of the m single batteries, and the heat exchange device inner cavity serves as a heat exchange medium flow chamber;In the z direction, the polarity terminal of each single battery penetrates the heat exchange device, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the heat exchange medium flow chamber and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium, and another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device as an electrical connection part;The side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed between the heat exchange device;The liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange device extend out of the shell;

[0010] The electrical connector is connected to the electrical connection part of each polarity terminal, achieving electrical connection of each single battery;Part of the structure of the electrical connector extends out of the shell as the electrical connection terminal of the battery module;

[0011] The hollow pipe extends along the x direction, covers the m single battery explosion vent parts, and the hollow pipe cavity is communicated with the m single battery explosion vent parts; at least one end of the hollow pipe extends out of the shell.

[0012] The utility model discloses a plurality of single batteries are placed in a shell, when the single battery in the shell cavity bursts because of thermal runaway, the splatter is under the blocking of the shell, does not constitute the threat to the personal safety of the battery module peripheral personnel, and simultaneously the utility model discloses a hollow pipe is communicated with the explosion vent part of each single battery, when the thermal runaway of any single battery in the shell occurs, the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion vent part and discharges the shell from the hollow pipe, avoids the influence that the thermal runaway flue gas disperses to the remaining single battery in the shell cavity.

[0013] Further, the utility model can adopt a plurality of different structures heat exchange device, for example, the heat exchange device can include a plurality of heat exchange sleeve, a plurality of heat exchange sleeve and polarity terminal one-to-one correspondence;Each heat exchange sleeve is respectively set in the periphery of corresponding polarity terminal, and the annular cavity is formed between the inner wall of heat exchange sleeve and the side wall of polarity terminal, and the annular cavity is used as heat exchange medium flow chamber;The electrical connection part of polarity terminal extends out of the heat exchange sleeve;And the open end of heat exchange sleeve top and the bottom open end are sealed between the side wall of polarity terminal;Each heat exchange sleeve is communicated, and the heat exchange channel is formed in the top of battery unit.

[0014] The heat exchange device can also include two heat exchange pipes;M through holes are formed on each heat exchange pipe;M through holes are arranged along the x direction and correspond to the polarity terminal on the same side of the m single batteries one-to-one;Each through hole extends along the z direction and penetrates the heat exchange pipe;The heat exchange pipe cavity is used as the heat exchange medium flow chamber;

[0015] Two heat exchange pipes are respectively fixed on the polarity terminal on different sides of the m single batteries, each polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the through hole;The side wall of polarity terminal and the hole wall of corresponding through hole are sealed.

[0016] Further, the hollow pipe is provided with m second through holes, the m second through holes correspond to the m single batteries respectively, and the projection of each second through hole on the corresponding single battery upper cover plate completely covers the explosion venting part on the upper cover plate; the inner cavity of the hollow pipe is communicated with the explosion venting part of the m single batteries through the m second through holes; during the installation process, the second through hole does not need to be concentric with the explosion venting part, the requirement for the processing precision is low, and the influence of the processing precision and the assembly precision on the product yield is weakened.

[0017] Further, the connection between the hollow pipe and the upper cover plate of each single battery can be achieved in various ways:

[0018] The first way is that the hollow pipe and the upper cover plate of each single battery are connected through insulating sealing adhesive. This connection method is simple, convenient and easy to operate.

[0019] The second way is that the hollow pipe is a split part, which includes a first half pipe with a U-shaped cross section and a top plate for sealing the open end of the top of the first half pipe; the m second through holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the first half pipe; the edge of each second through hole is welded to the upper cover plate of the corresponding single battery, and the top plate is welded to the first half pipe to be sealed.

[0020] During welding, the welding head extends from the open end of the first half pipe without any obstruction, so that the welding of the edge of the second through hole to the upper cover plate of each single battery can be completed at one time, the sealing effect is good, and the connection strength is reliable.

[0021] The third way is that the hollow pipe is a split part, which includes a first half pipe with a U-shaped cross section and a top plate for sealing the open end of the top of the first half pipe; the m second through holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the first half pipe;

[0022] Each single battery upper cover plate is provided with an explosion venting branch pipe, and the projection of the explosion venting branch pipe on the upper cover plate completely covers the explosion venting part on the upper cover plate.

[0023] The free end of the explosion venting branch pipe extends into the inner cavity of the first half pipe through the corresponding second through hole on the bottom plate of the first half pipe; the wall of the explosion venting branch pipe and the wall of the second through hole are welded and sealed; and the top plate is welded and sealed to the first half pipe.

[0024] Unlike the second way, when the size of each single battery in the height direction is different due to processing errors, causing the upper cover plates of each single battery to be unable to remain in the same plane, the explosion venting part and the second through hole are connected through the explosion venting branch pipe, and the explosion venting branch pipe can compensate for the height difference between the upper cover plates in the height direction; similar to the second way, it also has the advantages of good sealing effect and reliable connection strength.

[0025] The fourth way is:

[0026] The hollow pipe is a split part, comprising a flexible bottom plate and a second half pipe with a U-shaped cross section; m second through holes are arranged on the flexible bottom plate; the flexible bottom plate is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate of each single battery; the second half pipe is buckled on the flexible bottom plate and is sealingly fixed with the flexible bottom plate.

[0027] When the size of each single battery in the height direction is different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of each single battery are located in the same plane, the upper cover plates of each single battery cannot be kept in the same plane, and the height difference between each upper cover plate can be compensated by the deformation of the flexible bottom plate and the thickness adjustment of the sealing rubber layer; therefore, the flatness requirement of each upper cover plate, i.e. each explosion venting part, is low. In addition, the flexible bottom plate is arranged between the upper cover plate of the single battery and the second half pipe, which can be used as a sealing gasket to improve the sealing between the second half pipe and the upper cover plate.

[0028] Further, the functional structure is arranged on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the position of the functional structure on the polar terminal is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, the polar terminal has a larger heat exchange area, thereby obtaining a better heat exchange effect.

[0029] Further, the functional structure is i annular grooves; wherein i is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal, and the i annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular groove is relatively easy to process compared with other functional structures, so that the polar terminal has a lower cost.

[0030] Further, the insulating partition plate is arranged between adjacent single batteries, which can realize the insulation between two single batteries and improve the safety performance of the battery module; at the same time, when the single battery is deformed due to swelling, the partition plate is elastically deformed under the extrusion of the single battery, and after the elastic deformation of the partition plate, the swelling space is provided for the single battery, so that the swelling deformation of the single battery does not extrude the shell, avoiding the deformation and leakage of the shell caused by the extrusion, thereby improving the performance and safety of the battery module; in addition, the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of each single battery can be transmitted to the outside through the partition plate, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0031] Further, the shell is made of metal material and has good protection performance; when the shell is made of metal material, the shell and each single battery need to be insulated, and the insulating plate is arranged between the n battery units and the shell to realize insulation.

[0032] Further, an insulating sealing glue layer can be laid between each single battery and the shell. The insulating sealing glue layer can prevent condensation and battery short circuit; the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device can be further improved, and the insulation performance between single batteries and between the single batteries and the shell can be further improved.

[0033] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is:

[0034] The utility model discloses a plurality of single batteries are placed in a shell, when the single battery in the shell inner chamber bursts because of thermal runaway, the splashing thing is under the obstruction of the shell, does not constitute the threat to the personal safety of battery module peripheral personnel, simultaneously the utility model discloses a hollow pipe spare is connected to the explosion vent of each single battery, when the thermal runaway of any single battery in the shell occurs, the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion vent and discharges the shell from the hollow pipe spare, avoids the thermal runaway flue gas diffusion to the remaining single battery in the shell inner chamber and causes the influence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic drawing of battery module of example 1;

[0036] Figure 2 It is the explosion drawing of battery module of example 1;

[0037] Figure 3a It is the sectional view of battery module of example 1;

[0038] Figure 3b It is the sectional view of battery module in other examples;

[0039] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic drawing of one kind of heat exchange sleeve in example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 It is the partial structural schematic drawing of battery unit in example 1;

[0041] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic drawing of another heat exchange sleeve in example 1;

[0042] Figure 7 It is the sectional view of another heat exchange sleeve in example 1;

[0043] Figure 8An assembly process of the heat exchange device in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 9 An assembly process of the heat exchange device in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 10 An exploded view of another battery module in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 11 A partial exploded view of a battery cell in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 12 A sectional view of a battery module in Example 3;

[0048] Figure 13 A partial exploded view of a battery cell in Example 4;

[0049] Figure 14 A partial structural view of a battery cell in Example 5;

[0050] Figure 15 A sectional view of a partial structure of a battery cell in Example 5;

[0051] Figure 16 A structural view of a heat exchange pipe fitting in Example 5;

[0052] Figure 17 A sectional view of a heat exchange pipe fitting in Example 5;

[0053] Figure 18 A structural view of a battery module in Example 7;

[0054] Figure 19 An exploded view of a battery module in Example 7.

[0055] Reference numerals in the drawings are:

[0056] 1, housing; 20, battery cell; 2, single battery; 21, polarity terminal; 211, electrical connection part; 212, pole post; 213, pole post adapter; 22, explosion venting part; 23, explosion venting branch pipe; 24, annular groove; 3, heat exchange device; 31, heat exchange sleeve; 311, hollow member; 312, annular sealing plate; 313, first through hole; 314, liquid inlet pipe; 315, liquid outlet pipe; 32, heat exchange pipe fitting; 321, through hole; 322, bottom port; 323, top port; 4, electrical connection fitting; 5, hollow pipe fitting; 51, second through hole; 52, L-shaped connecting plate; 53, first half pipe; 54, top plate; 55, flexible bottom plate; 56, second half pipe; 6, insulating member; 7, connecting pipe section; 8, insulating plate; 9, partition plate; 10, insulating sealing adhesive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0058] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in other manners different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "top, bottom, etc." is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] The present application is a battery module, comprising a shell and n battery units located in the shell; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0061] Generally, a rectangular shell is used, and for the convenience of description, the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the shell is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the shell is defined as the z direction.

[0062] The present application does not make specific limitations on the shell structure, and at least the following two structures can be used:

[0063] The first structure includes a cylinder with open ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is open) and end plates fixed at both open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0064] The second structure includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is open) and a top plate and a bottom plate fixed at the open ends of the top and bottom of the cylinder (i.e., the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to the xy plane, and the top plate or the bottom plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder).

[0065] n battery units are arranged in the y direction in the inner cavity of the shell; each battery unit comprises a heat exchange device, an electrical connector, a hollow pipe and m single batteries arranged in the x direction; wherein m is an integer greater than 1.

[0066] The shell in the utility model mainly has the following two aspects:

[0067] First, improve the safety performance of the entire battery module;

[0068] 1. When the single battery in the inner cavity of the shell bursts due to thermal runaway, the splashes will not pose a threat to the personal safety of the people around the battery module under the blocking of the shell;

[0069] 2. The shell also has a certain protective effect on each single battery, which can avoid the occurrence of problems such as damage caused by direct exposure of each single battery.

[0070] Second, facilitate the storage and transportation of the entire battery module;

[0071] Placing multiple single batteries in a shell with a relatively regular structure makes the battery module easy to store and transport.

[0072] The heat exchange device is used for heat exchange of the battery module. Here, heat exchange can be understood as: heat dissipation of the battery module or heating of the battery module; when the temperature of the battery module is higher than the set threshold, the battery module is cooled by introducing a lower-temperature heat exchange medium into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set threshold, the battery module is heated by introducing a higher-temperature heat exchange medium into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, the battery module can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0073] In order to optimize the heat exchange effect of the battery module, the utility model mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of the single battery with relatively concentrated heat through the heat exchange device. At the same time, a direct heat exchange method is adopted, and in the z direction, each polarity terminal penetrates the heat exchange device, part of the structure of the polarity terminal is directly placed in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, the polarity terminal is directly contacted with the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange of the polarity terminal is realized, compared with the indirect heat exchange method, the heat exchange path is shorter, the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery is improved. The electrical connection part of the polarity terminal needs to protrude out of the heat exchange device for connection with the electrical connector. The electrical connector here is a device for realizing electrical connection of each single battery. The electrical connection here can be series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection.

[0074] It should be noted that:

[0075] 1. In the utility model, the polarity terminal is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, and the ideal heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, no corrosion and other characteristics. In the utility model, the heat exchange medium is the common insulation heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulation oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0076] 2. When the heat exchange device is penetrated by the polarity terminal, the part (i.e. the side wall of the polarity terminal) of the heat exchange device penetrated by the polarity terminal should be sealed with the heat exchange device when the inner cavity of the heat exchange device is used as a liquid heat exchange medium flow cavity.

[0077] 3. Except that the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange device extend out of the shell, the rest of the heat exchange device is in the shell.

[0078] 4. After the individual cells are electrically connected through the electrical connecting piece, part of the structure of the electrical connecting piece needs to extend out of the shell as the electrical connecting terminal of the battery module.

[0079] 5. The polarity terminal of the above-mentioned individual cell can be an individual cell pole, and if the height of the individual cell pole does not meet the set requirements, an individual cell pole adapter can be connected to the individual cell pole, and the overall structure of the individual cell pole and the individual cell pole adapter is used as the polarity terminal of the individual cell.

[0080] The hollow pipe extends along the x direction and covers the m individual cell explosion relief parts, and the inner cavity of the hollow pipe is in communication with the m individual cell explosion relief parts; at least one end of the hollow pipe extends out of the shell as a thermal runaway smoke exhaust port. The individual cell explosion relief part can also be called an individual cell explosion prevention part, a pressure relief port, an explosion-proof port and the like, and is mainly used for discharging thermal runaway smoke of the individual cell.

[0081] When any individual cell constituting the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke bursts through the explosion relief part and is discharged from the hollow pipe out of the shell, thereby avoiding the influence of the thermal runaway smoke diffused into the inner cavity of the shell on the remaining individual cells.

[0082] The utility model can adopt various heat exchange devices and hollow pipes with different structures, which will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0083] Embodiment 1

[0084] The embodiment is a battery module, the structure of which is shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3a , which comprises a shell 1 and 1 battery unit 20 in the shell 1; in other embodiments, the number of battery units 20 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0085] In order to improve the protective performance of the shell 1, the shell 1 in the embodiment is made of metal material, which can be aluminum material or iron material, and iron material is preferred considering the cost.

[0086] The battery unit 20 in the embodiment includes a plurality of single batteries 2 arranged along the x direction. The single battery 2 in the embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number of single batteries 2 is 12. In other embodiments, the number and form of single batteries 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Two polarity terminals 21 with opposite polarities and a blast venting part 22 between the two polarity terminals 21 are arranged on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2.

[0087] As can be seen from Figure 3a , the polarity terminal 21 in the embodiment is a whole structure matched by the pole post 212 of the single battery 2 and the pole post adapter 213. A blind hole is formed on the pole post adapter 213 along the height direction of the pole post adapter 213, and the bottom surface of the blind hole and the pole post 212 of the single battery 2 are welded.

[0088] In some other embodiments, as shown in Figure 3b , the polarity terminal 21 is the pole post 212 of the single battery 2, and the height of the pole post 212 is higher than that of the conventional single battery pole post.

[0089] As can be seen from Figure 2 , the battery unit 20 in the embodiment further includes a heat exchange device 3, and in combination with Figure 3a , it can be seen that the heat exchange device 3 in the embodiment includes 24 heat exchange sleeves 31, and each of the 24 heat exchange sleeves 31 is sleeved on the periphery of the 24 polarity terminals 21.

[0090] The structure of the heat exchange sleeve 31 is shown in Figure 4 , which includes a hollow member 311 and an annular sealing plate 312. Two first through holes 313 are formed on the side wall of the hollow member 311 and pass through the inner cavity of the hollow member 311, which are respectively used as liquid inlet and outlet. The annular sealing plate 312 is coaxial with the hollow member 311 and is sealingly fixed on the top end of the hollow member 311.

[0091] In combination with FIG. 3, it can be seen that the heat exchange sleeve 31 is sleeved on the periphery of the polarity terminal 21, and an annular cavity is formed between the heat exchange sleeve 31 and the side wall of the polarity terminal 21, which is used as a heat exchange medium flow cavity. The bottom end of the hollow member 311 is sealingly fixed with the insulating member 6 sleeved on the polarity terminal 21 of the single battery 2. The inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 is sealingly fixed with the side wall of the polarity terminal 21, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the inner hole of the annular sealing plate 312, which is used as the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21.

[0092] It should be noted that the insulating member 6 is mainly used for insulation between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate, which can be an annular insulating glue layer formed after pouring insulating glue between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate, or an insulating glue sleeve arranged between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate. The material of the insulating member 6 can adopt the insulating material between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate in the prior art. In addition, the connection mode of the insulating member 6 with the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate can also adopt the related prior art, and the embodiment is not limited in detail.

[0093] The cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is not limited in the utility model, and generally, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow member 311 is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21, for example, when the cross section of the polar terminal 21 is circular, the corresponding cross section of the hollow member 311 is annular; when the cross section of the polar terminal 21 is square, the corresponding cross section of the hollow member 311 is square ring.

[0094] In the embodiment, the hollow member 311 and the annular sealing plate 312 are integrated, and in other embodiments, the hollow member 311 and the annular sealing plate 312 can be separate parts, but the processing is more complex relative to the embodiment.

[0095] In the embodiment, the heat exchange sleeve 31 is made of rubber material, the heat exchange sleeve 31 made of rubber material has a certain elastic deformation, the bottom end of the hollow member 311 and the insulating member 6 are tightly matched to realize the sealing and fixing therebetween, and in order to improve the sealing reliability, the insulating sealing glue can also be used for bonding; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 can be sealed by tight matching. In other embodiments, a ring-shaped sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 to further improve the sealing therebetween.

[0096] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange sleeve 31 is made of metal material, the inner side wall of the bottom end of the hollow member 311 and the insulating member 6 can also be bonded by using the insulating sealing glue to realize the sealing and fixing therebetween; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 can be sealed by welding.

[0097] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange sleeve 31 is made of metal material, the bottom end of the hollow member 311 can also be sealed and fixed with the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 by welding to ensure the sealing between the hollow member 311 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21; the inner ring surface of the annular sealing plate 312 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 are sealed by the insulating sealing glue.

[0098] As Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange sleeves 31 with the same side of the single battery 2 are connected, two heat exchange channels are formed at the top of the 12 single batteries 2, and the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series, and heat exchange is realized based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0099] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The heat exchange sleeve 31 also includes an inlet pipe 314 and an outlet pipe 315; the inlet pipe 314 and the outlet pipe 315 are fixed on the side wall of the hollow member 311 and are respectively communicated with the inlet and outlet.

[0100] The hollow member 311, the annular sealing plate 312, the inlet pipe 314 and the outlet pipe 315 are integrated and are made of insulating material, preferably insulating material with certain elastic deformation.

[0101] It should be noted that the inlet pipe 314 of one of the adjacent heat exchange sleeves 31 and the outlet pipe 315 of the other heat exchange sleeve 31 can be inserted into each other to realize the communication between the two adjacent heat exchange sleeves 31. The inlet pipe 314 of one of the heat exchange sleeves 31 and the outlet pipe 315 of the other heat exchange sleeve 31 can also be connected by a connecting pipe section 7 (such as a heat shrinkable pipe, see Figure 8 ), to realize the communication between the two adjacent heat exchange sleeves 31.

[0102] The following two installation methods can be adopted in this embodiment to realize the fixation of the heat exchange device 3 and the single battery 2:

[0103] Installation method one:

[0104] As shown in Figure 8 Each heat exchange sleeve 31 is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal 21 one by one, and the adjacent heat exchange sleeves 31 are connected during the sleeving process, and the sealing between the open top end and the open bottom end of the heat exchange sleeve 31 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 is completed; finally, two heat exchange channels are formed;

[0105] Installation method two:

[0106] As shown in Figure 9 First, the heat exchange sleeves 31 are connected to form two heat exchange channels, and then each heat exchange channel is installed as a whole on the top of the 12 single batteries 2, and during the installation process, each heat exchange sleeve 31 of each heat exchange channel is sleeved on the corresponding polar terminal 21, and the sealing between the open top end and the open bottom end of the heat exchange sleeve 31 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 is completed; finally, two heat exchange channels are formed.

[0107] From Figure 2As can be seen, the battery unit 20 further comprises electric connecting members 4 connected with the electric connecting portions 211 of the polar terminals 21 of each single battery 2, so as to electrically connect each single battery 2; in the embodiment, the single batteries 2 are connected in series, and the electric connecting members 4 comprise 13 sub electric connecting members, each of which is connected at two ends with the electric connecting portions 211 of the polar terminals 21 of adjacent single batteries 2 of different polarities, and the free ends of the outermost two sub electric connecting members extend out of the shell 1 as electric connecting terminals of the battery module of different polarities.

[0108] In some other embodiments, the single batteries 2 can also be electrically connected in parallel or in series-parallel.

[0109] From Figure 2 As can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the battery unit 20 further comprises a hollow pipe member 5, and 12 second through holes 51 are arranged on the pipe wall of the hollow pipe member 5 in the x direction; each second through hole 51 corresponds to a venting portion 22 on the upper cover plate of a single battery 2; the inner cavity of the hollow pipe member 5 communicates with the venting portions 22 of the 12 single batteries 2 through the 12 second through holes 51. In the embodiment, one end of the hollow pipe member 5 is closed, and the other end extends out of the shell 1 as a thermal runaway smoke exhaust port; in some other embodiments, both ends of the hollow pipe member 5 can extend out of the shell 1 as thermal runaway smoke exhaust ports.

[0110] In order to reduce the precision requirement between each second through hole 51 and the corresponding venting portion 22 during installation, the orthographic projection of each second through hole 51 on the upper cover plate of the corresponding single battery 2 completely covers the venting portion 22 on the upper cover plate, so that during installation, the second through hole 51 is not required to be concentric with the venting portion 22, but only needs to cover the venting portion 22. The hollow pipe member 5 can be fixed on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 by means of adhesion. Meanwhile, before installation of the hollow pipe member 5, positioning marks can be provided on the upper cover plate and the hollow pipe member 5 according to the designed size, so that the second through hole 51 can accurately cover the corresponding venting portion 22.

[0111] In addition, in order to improve the bonding strength between the hollow pipe member 5 and the upper cover plate, as shown in Fig. 4, the hollow pipe member 5 can also be connected with the upper cover plate through an L-shaped connecting piece 52, and specifically, the L-shaped connecting piece 52 can be connected with the hollow pipe member 5 and the upper cover plate by welding. Figure 10

[0112] As can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the battery unit 20 further comprises a hollow pipe member 5, and 12 second through holes 51 are arranged on the pipe wall of the hollow pipe member 5 in the x direction; each second through hole 51 corresponds to a venting portion 22 on the upper cover plate of a single battery 2; the inner cavity of the hollow pipe member 5 communicates with the venting portions 22 of the 12 single batteries 2 through the 12 second through holes 51. In the embodiment, one end of the hollow pipe member 5 is closed, and the other end extends out of the shell 1 as a thermal runaway smoke exhaust port; in some other embodiments, both ends of the hollow pipe member 5 can extend out of the shell 1 as thermal runaway smoke exhaust ports. Figure 2 ​As shown, the embodiment can also be provided between the two adjacent single batteries 2 with a partition 9 made of insulating material; each single battery 2 close to the middle part, the side wall (single battery large surface) on both sides is in contact with the partition 9, and one of the two single batteries 2 close to the outermost side is in contact with the partition 9, and the other side wall is in contact with the side wall of the shell 1.

[0113] In the embodiment, the partition 9 has at least the following advantages:

[0114] The first aspect can realize the insulation between the two single batteries 2 and improve the safety performance of the battery module;

[0115] The second aspect improves the installation stability of each single battery 2 in the shell;

[0116] The third aspect, the partition 9 has a certain elasticity, when the single battery 2 is bulging and deformed, the partition 9 is extruded by the single battery 2 to produce elastic deformation, after the elastic deformation of the partition 9, the expansion space can be provided for the expansion of the single battery 2, so that the expansion deformation of the single battery 2 will not extrude the shell 1, avoiding the deformation and leakage problem of the shell 1 caused by extrusion, and further improving the performance and safety of the battery module;

[0117] The fourth aspect, the heat generated in the charging and discharging process of each single battery 2 can be transmitted to the outside through the partition 9, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0118] Combined with FIG. 3 and Figure 10 As can be seen, the embodiment is provided between the battery unit 20 and the shell 1 with an insulating plate 8 for the insulation between the shell 1 and the battery unit 20. In the embodiment, there are 5 insulating plates 8, which are respectively arranged between the four side walls of the battery unit 20 and the four side walls of the shell 1, and between the bottom of the battery unit 20 and the bottom plate of the shell 1. In some other embodiments, an insulating plate can also be provided between the top of the battery unit 20 and the shell.

[0119] As shown in Fig. 3, the present embodiment can also lay an insulating sealant layer 10 between each monomer battery 2 and the shell 1. The insulating sealant layer 10 is mainly laid in the space between the top of each monomer battery 2 and the shell 1, and the heat exchange device 3 inside the shell 1 is partially located in the insulating sealant layer 10; at the same time, the electrical connectors 4 in the shell 1 can also be located in the insulating sealant layer 10 (when it is necessary to collect signals from the electrical connectors 4, the electrical connectors 4 need to be exposed from the insulating sealant layer 10); the hollow pipe 5 in the shell 1 is also partially located in the insulating sealant layer 10; when there is a gap between each monomer battery 2, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the insulating sealant layer 10; when there is a gap between the four side walls and the bottom of each monomer battery 2 and the shell 1, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the insulating sealant layer 10.

[0120] In the present embodiment, the insulating sealant layer 10 has at least the following advantages:

[0121] I. Further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device 3;

[0122] Specifically, the insulating sealant liquid constituting the insulating sealant layer 10 penetrates into the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 31 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21, further sealing the gap from the radial direction (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the heat exchange medium flow cavity through the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 31 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21);

[0123] II. Anti-condensation;

[0124] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference inside and outside the heat exchange device 3, condensation will be generated on the surface, and when the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause short circuit problem; by laying the insulating sealant layer 10 to wrap the heat exchange device 3, when condensation is generated on the surface of the heat exchange device 3, it can prevent the battery from short circuiting under the protection of the insulating sealant layer 10;

[0125] III. Achieve insulation of the heat exchange device 3 and the upper cover plate of the monomer battery 2;

[0126] When the heat exchange device 3 is made of non-insulating material, when the insulating sealant layer 10 completely wraps the outside of the heat exchange device 3, the insulation of such heat exchange device 3 can be achieved, further improving the insulation performance of the heat exchange device 3 and the upper cover plate of the monomer battery 2;

[0127] IV. Further improve the insulation performance between each monomer battery 2 and the shell 1;

[0128] The insulating sealant liquid penetrates into each gap between the battery unit 20 and the insulating plate 8, and between the insulating plate 8 and the shell 1, which can further improve the insulation performance between each monomer battery 2 and the shell 1;

[0129] V. Further improve the insulation performance between each monomer battery 2;

[0130] The insulation sealing glue liquid penetrates into the gap between each battery unit 20, which can further improve the insulation performance between each monomer battery 2;

[0131] Six, improve the bonding strength and sealing performance between the hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate of each monomer battery 2;

[0132] The insulation sealing glue layer 10 covers on the hollow pipe 5, which can further press the hollow pipe 5 on the upper cover plate of each monomer battery 2, and the insulation sealing glue liquid can penetrate into the gap between the hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate, further sealing the gap (the insulation sealing glue liquid cannot flow into the inner cavity of the hollow pipe 5 through the gap).

[0133] Example 2

[0134] Unlike example 1, this embodiment uses a hollow pipe 5 with a different structure, and the connection between the corresponding hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate of each monomer battery 2 is also different from example 1.

[0135] As shown in Figure 11 , the hollow pipe 5 in this embodiment is a split piece, including a first half pipe 53 with a U-shaped cross section and a top plate 54 for sealing the top open end of the first half pipe 53; 12 second through holes 51 are opened on the bottom plate of the first half pipe 53.

[0136] Based on the split design, the hollow pipe 5 can be fixed with the upper cover plate of the monomer battery 2 by welding, which can be realized by the following process:

[0137] Position the first half pipe 53 on the upper cover plate of each monomer battery 2, so that the projection of each second through hole 51 completely covers the corresponding explosion venting part 22;

[0138] The welding head is inserted into the second through hole 51 from the top open end of the first half pipe 53, and the second through hole 51 is sealed and welded with the upper cover plate of the corresponding monomer battery 2; so that the explosion venting part 22 of each monomer battery 2 is through the corresponding second through hole 51;

[0139] The top plate 54 is sealed and welded on the top open end of the first half pipe 53.

[0140] It should be noted that the welding head referred to here refers to the component of the welding equipment inserted into the part to be welded. If arc welding or argon arc welding is used, the welding head here refers to the end of the welding rod. If laser welding is used, the welding head referred to here refers to the laser beam.

[0141] The hollow pipe 5 is arranged as a split structure in this embodiment, which facilitates fixing the hollow pipe 5 on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 from the top open end of the first half pipe 53, reduces the processing difficulty, and has a high finished product rate.

[0142] In this embodiment, only the following conditions need to be ensured: the orthographic projection of the second through hole 51 on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 covers the corresponding explosion venting part 22, each explosion venting part 22 is located on the same plane as far as possible, and each second through hole 51 is located on the same plane as far as possible. The concentricity of the explosion venting part 22 and the second through hole 51 and the consistency of each explosion venting part 22 and the second through hole 51 do not need to be considered, the processing precision requirement is low, the influence of the processing precision and the assembly precision on the finished product rate of the product is weakened, when welding, the welding head extends from the open end, there is no any shielding, the welding of the edge of the second through hole 51 and the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 can be completed at one time, the process is simple, and the sealing effect is good.

[0143] Embodiment 3

[0144] Different from embodiment 2, the connection between the hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 is realized in a different way in this embodiment.

[0145] As shown in Figure 12 In this embodiment, the explosion venting branch pipe 23 is arranged on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2, and the orthographic projection of the explosion venting branch pipe 23 on the upper cover plate completely covers the explosion venting part 22 on the upper cover plate.

[0146] The free end of the explosion venting branch pipe 23 extends into the inner cavity of the first half pipe 53 through the corresponding second through hole 51 on the bottom plate of the first half pipe 53, and the pipe wall of the explosion venting branch pipe 23 and the hole wall of the second through hole 51 are welded and sealed.

[0147] In this embodiment, the explosion venting branch pipe 23 is generally a thin-walled tubular structure, which can be integrally processed and integrally formed with the upper cover body, or can be fixed on the upper cover body by riveting, welding or injection molding. The horizontal cross section (cross section along the radial direction) of the explosion venting branch pipe 23 can be a rectangular ring or a circular ring, in order to better adapt to the shape of the explosion venting part 22, the horizontal cross section of the explosion venting branch pipe 23 is usually a circular ring.

[0148] In this embodiment, the hollow pipe 5 can be connected with the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 through the following process:

[0149] The first half pipe 53 is positioned on the upper cover plate of each single battery 2, so that each explosion venting branch pipe 23 corresponds to each second through hole 51, and each explosion venting branch pipe 23 is inserted into the second through hole 51;

[0150] The welding head extends into the edge part of the second through hole 51 from the top open end of the first half pipe 53, and the edge of each second through hole 51 and the outer wall of the corresponding explosion venting branch pipe 23 are welded to realize sealing;

[0151] The top plate 54 is seal welded on the top open end of the first half pipe 53.

[0152] In the embodiment, when the size of each single battery 2 in the height direction is different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of each single battery 2 are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of each single battery 2 cannot be kept on the same plane. The utility model discloses that the explosion venting branch pipe 23 is used to connect the explosion venting part 22 and the second through hole 51, and the explosion venting branch pipe 23 can compensate the height difference between the upper cover plates in the height direction, so that the flatness requirement of each upper cover plate, i.e. the flatness requirement of each explosion venting part 22, is low. When the upper cover plates of each single battery 2 have a certain height difference, the explosion venting branch pipe 23 can also ensure the sealed connection between the explosion venting part 22 and the second through hole 51.

[0153] Embodiment 4

[0154] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the hollow pipe 5 in the embodiment has a different structure, and the connection mode between the hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 is also different from the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0155] As shown in Figure 13 the embodiment, the hollow pipe 5 is also a split part, but different from the embodiments 2 and 3, the hollow pipe 5 in the embodiment comprises a flexible bottom plate 55 and a second half pipe 56 with a U-shaped cross section; the flexible bottom plate 55 is usually made of a high-temperature-resistant rubber material, and the high temperature here usually refers to the thermal runaway temperature of the battery; twelve second through holes 51 are formed on the flexible bottom plate 55; the second half pipe 56 is buckled on the flexible bottom plate 55 and is sealed and fixed with the flexible bottom plate 55.

[0156] In the embodiment, the hollow pipe 5 can be connected with the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 through the following process:

[0157] The flexible bottom plate 55 is bonded to the upper cover plate of each single battery 2, so that the projection of each second through hole 51 completely covers the corresponding explosion venting part 22; in order to improve the bonding strength of the flexible bottom plate 55 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 2, the size of the flexible bottom plate 55 can be increased, and the contact area of the flexible bottom plate 55 and the upper cover plate can be increased, i.e. the projection of the flexible bottom plate 55 on the xy plane can be larger than the projection of the second half pipe 56 on the xy plane. The surface of the flexible bottom plate 55 can also be treated to improve the bonding strength.

[0158] The second half pipe 56 is buckled on the flexible bottom plate 55, and insulating sealant is coated on the contact part of the second half pipe 56 and the flexible bottom plate 55 to bond the second half pipe 56 to the flexible bottom plate 55.

[0159] In order to improve the bonding strength between the hollow pipe 5 and the upper cover plate, the hollow pipe 5 can also be connected with the upper cover plate through the L-shaped connecting piece. Specifically, the L-shaped connecting piece can be connected with the second half pipe 56 and the upper cover plate in a welding manner.

[0160] In the embodiment, when the size of each single battery 2 in the height direction is different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of the single batteries 2 are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of the single batteries 2 cannot be kept on the same plane. In this case, the height difference between the upper cover plates can be compensated by the deformation of the flexible bottom plate 55 and the adjustment of the thickness of the sealing rubber layer. Therefore, the flatness requirement of the upper cover plates, i.e., the flatness requirement of the explosion venting portions, is low. In addition, the flexible bottom plate 55 is arranged between the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 and the second half pipe 56, which can be used as a sealing gasket to improve the sealing performance between the second half pipe 56 and the upper cover plate.

[0161] Embodiment 5

[0162] Unlike the above embodiments, the heat exchange device 3 in the embodiment has a different structure.

[0163] As shown in Figs. Figure 14 and Figure 15 The partial structure of the battery unit 20 in the embodiment is shown in Figs. Figure 14 and Figure 15 The embodiment adopts two heat exchange pipes 32 as the heat exchange device 3, and the two heat exchange pipes 32 are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 21 on different sides of the battery unit 20 (wherein the heat exchange pipes 32 can be in contact with the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 or not).

[0164] When the heat exchange pipe 32 is in contact with the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 at the same time, if the polarity terminal 21 is electrically conducted with the upper cover plate through the heat exchange pipe 32, a short circuit will be caused. Therefore, the heat exchange pipe 32 needs to be insulated from the upper cover plate of the single battery 2, or the heat exchange pipe 32 needs to be insulated from the polarity terminal 21. Of course, the heat exchange pipe 32 can also be insulated from both the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 and the polarity terminal 21. That is, as long as the polarity terminal 21 cannot be electrically conducted with the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 through the heat exchange pipe 32.

[0165] The above problems can be solved in the following manner:

[0166] 2.1, selecting an insulating material for the heat exchange pipe 32, so as to realize the insulation between the heat exchange pipe 32 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 2 and the polarity terminal 21;

[0167] 2.2, the heat exchange pipe 32 of non-insulating material can be added between the single battery 2 upper cover plate and the heat exchange pipe 32 insulation pad, insulation film or insulation paint to overcome the problem; also can be added in the heat exchange pipe 32 inner bottom (heat exchange pipe 32 inside close to the single battery 2 upper cover plate one side) insulation pad, insulation film or insulation paint to overcome the problem; also can be insulated to the heat exchange pipe 32 pipe wall, such as spraying insulation paint, wrapping insulation film, to overcome the problem; also can be added between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange pipe 32 between the insulation sealing washer, to overcome the problem; of course, for safety, can be combined with the above method, using multiple insulation way, to overcome the problem.

[0168] The structure of the heat exchange pipe 32 is shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 As can be seen from the figure, the heat exchange pipe 32 of the embodiment is provided with 12 through holes 321; the 12 through holes 321 are arranged along the x direction and correspond to each polarity terminal 21 of the single battery 2. In other embodiments, the number of through holes 321 can be adjusted according to the number of single batteries 2 in the battery unit 20, and the arrangement of the through holes 321 can be adjusted according to the arrangement of the single batteries 2.

[0169] The cross-sectional shape of the pipe body is not specifically limited in the utility model, and since the heat exchange pipe 32 in the embodiment is placed on the flat upper cover plate of the single battery 2, the structure is regular, as can be seen from the figure, the pipe body of the embodiment is a rectangular pipe. In other embodiments, a circular pipe or a pipe with other structures can also be used.

[0170] The through hole 321 described above is a through hole 321 that penetrates the top plate 54 and the bottom plate of the heat exchange pipe 32 and penetrates the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe 32. In the embodiment, after the heat exchange pipe 32 is fixed on the top of the single battery 2, the extension direction of the through hole 321 is consistent with the height direction of the shell 1 (the height direction of the shell 1 is the z direction), so the through hole 321 can be considered to extend along the z direction.

[0171] In addition, when the heat exchange pipe 32 is fixed on the top of the single battery 2, the electrical connection part 211 of each polarity terminal 21 of the single battery 2 penetrates the bottom port 322 of the corresponding through hole 321 and extends from the top port 323, where the top port 323 is the port close to the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21.

[0172] The shape of the two ports of the through hole 321 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 321 is circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 21 is also circular, and the caliber of the two ports of the through hole 321 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 21; in other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 321 and the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21 can be different, as long as it can be ensured that the polarity terminal 21 can be inserted into the through hole 321.

[0173] As can be seen from Figure 14 , the battery cell 20 of the embodiment includes two heat exchange pipes 32, the two heat exchange pipes 32 are respectively sleeved on the polarity terminals 21 on different sides of the battery cell 20 based on the through hole 321, and the two heat exchange pipes 32 are connected in series through the connecting pipe. In other embodiments, the two heat exchange pipes 32 can also be connected in parallel.

[0174] In the embodiment, the heat exchange pipe 32 made of insulating material is used to realize the insulation between the heat exchange pipe 32 and the cover plate of the single battery 2 and the polarity terminal 21.

[0175] Embodiment 6

[0176] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the function structure is arranged on the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 2 to increase the heat exchange area of the part of the polarity terminal 21; the part with the function structure is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, which can further improve the heat exchange effect.

[0177] The specific structure of the polarity terminal 21 can be seen from FIG. 3, Figure 12 and Figure 15 In the embodiment, at least two annular grooves 24 are arranged on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21, the two annular grooves 24 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 21, and each annular groove 24 extends along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polarity terminal 21. Based on the two annular grooves 24, the heat exchange area of the part of the polarity terminal 21 can be increased, and after the part is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained compared with the polarity terminal 21 with a smooth side wall.

[0178] In other embodiments, the number of annular grooves 24 and the groove width and groove depth can be adjusted according to the needs, and the specific premise is not to affect the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21.

[0179] In some other embodiments, other structures may be processed on the polarity terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21; such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits and protrusions located on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21, and may also include through holes located on the polarity terminal 21 (heat dissipation teeth may be added along the axial direction of the through hole to further increase the heat exchange area in the through hole), etc.; compared with the above-mentioned functional structures, the annular groove 24 structure of this embodiment is easy to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0180] Example 7

[0181] like Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, unlike the above embodiments, the battery module of this embodiment includes two battery cells 20, the two battery cells 20 are connected in series, and the heat exchange devices 3 of the two battery cells 20 can also be connected in series. In some other embodiments, the heat exchange devices 3 of the two battery cells 20 can be connected in parallel.

[0182] At the same time, an insulating plate 8 is provided between the two battery cells 20 , and insulating plates 8 are also provided between the four side walls of the integral structural parts of the two battery cells 20 and the four side walls of the shell 1 , as well as between the bottom and the bottom plate of the shell 1 .

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized by: The battery module comprises a shell and n battery units; The n battery units are arranged in the shell cavity along the y direction; Each battery unit comprises a heat exchange device, an electrical connector, a hollow pipe and m single cells; the m single cells are arranged along the x direction; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; m is an integer greater than 1; The heat exchange device is arranged on the top of the m single cells, and the heat exchange device cavity serves as a heat exchange medium flow chamber; in the z direction, the polarity terminal of each single cell penetrates the heat exchange device, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the heat exchange medium flow chamber and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium, and another part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part; the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed with the heat exchange device; the heat exchange device liquid inlet and liquid outlet extend out of the shell; The electrical connector is connected with the electrical connection part of each polarity terminal to realize the electrical connection of each single cell; part of the structure of the electrical connector extends out of the shell and serves as an electrical connection terminal of the battery module; The hollow pipe extends along the x direction and covers the top of the m single cell explosion vent, and the hollow pipe cavity serves as a thermal runaway smoke convergence channel and communicates with the m single cell explosion vent; at least one end of the hollow pipe extends out of the shell.

2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange device comprises a plurality of heat exchange sleeves, and the plurality of heat exchange sleeves correspond to the polarity terminals one by one; each heat exchange sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the corresponding polarity terminal, and an annular cavity is formed between the inner side wall of the heat exchange sleeve and the side wall of the polarity terminal, which serves as a heat exchange medium flow chamber; the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the heat exchange sleeve; and the top open end and the bottom open end of the heat exchange sleeve are sealed with the side wall of the polarity terminal; The heat exchange sleeves are communicated with each other to form a heat exchange channel on the top of the battery unit.

3. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange device comprises two heat exchange pipes; Each heat exchange pipe is provided with m through holes; the m through holes are arranged along the x direction and correspond to the polarity terminals on the same side of the m single cells one by one; each through hole extends along the z direction and penetrates the heat exchange pipe; the heat exchange pipe cavity serves as a heat exchange medium flow chamber; The two heat exchange pipes are respectively fixed on the polarity terminals on different sides of the m single cells, each polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the through hole; the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed with the hole wall of the corresponding through hole.

4. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: The hollow pipe is provided with m second through holes, and the m second through holes correspond to the m single cells one by one, and each second through hole completely covers the explosion vent on the upper cover plate in the orthographic projection of the corresponding single cell; the hollow pipe cavity communicates with the m single cell explosion vents through the m second through holes.

5. The battery module of claim 4, wherein: The hollow pipe and each single cell upper cover plate are adhered by insulating sealant.

6. The battery module of claim 4, wherein: The hollow pipe is a split part, comprising a first half pipe with a U-shaped cross section and a top plate for sealing the top open end of the first half pipe; the m second through holes are formed on the bottom plate of the first half pipe; the edge of each second through hole is welded with the corresponding single cell upper cover plate, and the top plate is welded and sealed with the first half pipe.

7. The battery module of claim 4, wherein: The hollow pipe is a split part, comprising a first half pipe with a U-shaped cross section and a top plate for sealing the top open end of the first half pipe; the m second through holes are formed on the bottom plate of the first half pipe; The explosion vent branch pipe is arranged on each single battery upper cover plate, and the orthographic projection of the explosion vent branch pipe completely covers the explosion vent part on the upper cover plate; The free end of the explosion vent branch pipe extends into the first half pipe through the corresponding second through hole on the first half pipe bottom plate; the pipe wall of the explosion vent branch pipe and the hole wall of the second through hole are welded and sealed; the top plate is welded and sealed with the first half pipe.

8. The battery module of claim 4, wherein: The hollow pipe is a split piece, including a flexible bottom plate and a second half pipe with a U-shaped cross section; m second through holes are arranged on the flexible bottom plate; the flexible bottom plate is fixedly connected with each single battery upper cover plate; the second half pipe is buckled on the flexible bottom plate and is sealingly fixed with the flexible bottom plate.

9. The battery module of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The polar terminal is provided with a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal; the part of the polar terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium.

10. The battery module of claim 9, wherein: The functional structure is i annular grooves; wherein i is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each annular groove extends in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polar terminal, and the i annular grooves are arranged in the height direction of the polar terminal.

11. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: Adjacent single batteries are provided with a partition plate made of insulating material.

12. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: The shell is made of metal material; further comprising an insulating plate; the insulating plate is arranged between the n battery units and the shell.

13. The battery module of claim 1, wherein: An insulating sealing rubber layer is arranged between each single battery and the shell.

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