Battery module capable of effectively preventing thermal runaway diffusion and energy storage device comprising same

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery module capable of effectively preventing thermal runaway diffusion and an energy storage device comprising the battery module. The battery module comprises an upper shell, a lower box body, a battery module, a pressure relief flow guide part, a panel structural part and a CCS assembly, the upper shell and the lower box body form a containing cavity; at least one group of battery modules are arranged in the accommodating cavity; the battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, the battery monomers are connected in series, a safety valve is arranged on each battery monomer, and a pressure relief flow guide part is arranged above the safety valve; a panel structural member is arranged at one end of the battery module along the arrangement direction of the battery monomers; and a CCS assembly is arranged above the battery module. According to the battery module provided by the utility model, gas and electrolyte can be separated after the single batteries are sprayed, and are respectively and directionally discharged, so that the situation that other normal single batteries or modules are damaged due to disordered splashing of sprayed objects is avoided, and spontaneous combustion or explosion of the battery module is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a battery technical field, concretely relates to a battery module and energy storage device containing it that can effectively prevent the diffusion of thermal runaway. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the energy storage field, the energy density of the battery monomer gradually increases, and the performance and safety requirements of the battery system are also increasing. When the temperature difference of the battery monomer is large, it may cause the battery monomer to have thermal runaway. After the battery monomer has thermal runaway, the substances sprayed by the safety valve of the battery monomer gradually fill the entire battery module, and the sprayed gas continuously increases the internal pressure of the battery module. In order to prevent the rapid expansion of the gas in the battery module from deforming and rupturing the shell, an explosion-proof valve is usually provided on the battery module shell, which will break through the barrier of the explosion-proof valve when the internal pressure of the battery module is large enough to achieve pressure relief. At this time, the high-temperature electrolyte or fluid in the combustion state sprayed by the battery monomer will be discharged through the explosion-proof valve, which may cause damage to other battery modules or electronic components; at the same time, the high-temperature electrolyte sprayed by the battery monomer has no directional control in the battery module, which may splash onto other normal battery monomers or electronic components without distinction, causing corrosion, burning, damage, short circuit or even fire and explosion of the battery monomer, the battery module cover or copper bar structure. Therefore, it is particularly important to suppress the diffusion of the sprayed material after the battery spray valve and prevent the spread of thermal runaway to reduce the safety risk.

[0003] CN116417726A discloses a battery pack, an energy storage device and an electric device, in which the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate cooperate to form a liquid storage cavity, and a flow guide channel and a flow guide surface are provided to make the explosion-proof valve of the battery monomer spray drop onto the flow guide surface under the action of gravity or the reflection of the upper cover plate, and then be discharged into the liquid storage cavity. However, the high-temperature electrolyte sprayed in a gas-liquid mixed state is difficult to directly liquefy into droplets and flow into the liquid storage cavity under the action of gravity or the reflection of the upper cover plate alone, and part of the high-temperature electrolyte will be discharged together with the gas in the spray material, causing damage to other battery modules or electronic components. At the same time, after the high-temperature electrolyte flows into the liquid storage cavity, the heat is difficult to diffuse, which may cause local high temperature and uncontrollable temperature rise in the battery module.

[0004] A lithium battery pack with a function of preventing thermal runaway diffusion is disclosed in CN214411404U. The battery pack is provided with a ceramic plate with high temperature resistance between the box cover and the battery cell. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating effect of the ceramic plate prevents the heat from spreading outward after the battery cell valve is sprayed, avoiding direct damage to the box cover. However, the design of adding a high-temperature-resistant ceramic plate between the battery cell and the box cover can only prevent the heat from spreading to the box cover, and cannot effectively discharge and separate the gas and electrolyte after the battery cell valve is sprayed, and also cannot drain the electrolyte. The disordered spraying of the electrolyte may cause harm to the normal battery cells in the battery module, causing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0005] CN217009442U discloses a battery module, a battery pack and a vehicle. The battery module is provided with a support, and at least part of the explosion-proof valve is covered on the support to block the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve from being directly sprayed out, avoiding the influence of the high-temperature gas on other battery modules. Meanwhile, the first exhaust channel and the plurality of second exhaust channels are arranged to facilitate the rapid discharge of the high-temperature gas from two different directions. However, the shunt of the electrolyte and the gas cannot be realized, and the high-temperature electrolyte or the fluid in the burning state after the battery cell valve is sprayed will be discharged through the explosion-proof valve together, which may cause damage to other normal battery modules or electronic components, thereby causing the spread of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the structural design is complex, increasing the assembly difficulty and the cost of accessories.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a battery module that can effectively prevent thermal runaway diffusion, thereby solving the problem of pressure relief of the gas in the battery module when the battery cell valve is sprayed, and the problem of disordered splashing of the high-temperature electrolyte harming the normal battery monomers or modules. Content of the utility model

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery module that can effectively prevent thermal runaway diffusion and a energy storage device comprising the same. The utility model can separate the gas and the electrolyte after the battery monomer valve is sprayed and discharge them in different directions, avoiding the disordered splashing of the sprayed material harming other normal battery monomers or modules, and avoiding the spontaneous combustion or explosion of the battery module.

[0008] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a battery module that can effectively prevent thermal runaway diffusion. The battery module comprises an upper shell, a lower box body, a battery module, a pressure relief flow guide, a panel structure and a CCS assembly.

[0010] The upper shell and the lower box body constitute a containing cavity.

[0011] At least one group of battery modules is arranged in the containing cavity.

[0012] The battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, each battery monomer is connected in series, and a safety valve is arranged on each battery monomer, and a pressure relief flow guide piece is arranged above the safety valve.

[0013] The battery module is provided with a panel structure piece at one end along the arrangement direction of the battery monomers.

[0014] The battery module is provided with a CCS assembly above.

[0015] In the utility model, the design of the pressure relief flow guide piece can timely relieve pressure and directionally discharge the ejecta in the battery module, protect the surrounding battery and electronic components of the thermal runaway monomer from being damaged, prevent the upper shell from being deformed or damaged, reduce the risk of thermal runaway spreading, and reduce the loss after thermal runaway.

[0016] In the utility model, the accommodating cavity is provided with at least one group of battery modules, for example, one, two, three or four, but not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the value range are also applicable.

[0017] In the utility model, the battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, for example, one, two, three or four, but not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the value range are also applicable.

[0018] Preferably, a heat insulation pad is arranged between the side surfaces of adjacent battery monomers.

[0019] Preferably, the pressure relief flow guide piece comprises a flow guide channel, a pressure relief groove, a cover plate and a convex block; the flow guide channel is arranged above the battery module, the flow guide channel comprises correspondingly arranged upper and lower walls, the flow guide channel extends from one end close to the panel structure piece to the other end away from the panel structure piece, and the vertical distance between the lower wall of the flow guide channel and the upper surface of the battery module gradually increases; the one end of the flow guide channel close to the panel structure piece is provided with a flow guide outlet, and the other end is sealed; the pressure relief groove is arranged at the position of the safety valve in the battery module corresponding to the lower wall; the bottom of the pressure relief groove protrudes from the lower surface of the lower wall, the top of the pressure relief groove protrudes from the upper surface of the lower wall and does not contact the upper wall, the bottom opening of the pressure relief groove is in contact with the circumference of the corresponding safety valve, the top opening of the pressure relief groove is provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate, the pressure relief groove and the safety valve form a closed space; at least one convex block is arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the upper wall of the flow guide channel, and the convex block is arranged between adjacent cover plates.

[0020] In the utility model, at least one convex block is arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the upper wall of the flow guide channel, for example, one, two, three or four, but not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the value range are also applicable.

[0021] Preferably, along the extension direction of the flow guide channel, the maximum height of the first pressure relief groove protruding from the lower wall near the flow guide outlet is h1, the maximum height of the second pressure relief groove protruding from the lower wall is h2,..., and the maximum height of the last pressure relief groove protruding from the lower wall is h i , the h1, h2,..., h i increase in turn, and i is a positive integer.

[0022] Preferably, one end of the cover plate away from the flow guide outlet is fixedly connected with the pressure relief groove, and the other end is movably connected with the pressure relief groove.

[0023] Preferably, the pressure relief flow guide further comprises a movable blocking piece, a converging channel and a connecting pipe; the movable blocking piece is arranged in the flow guide channel and located between the flow guide outlet and the first pressure relief groove near the flow guide outlet, the upper end of the movable blocking piece is fixedly connected with the upper wall, and the other end is movably connected with the lower wall; the converging channel is arranged below the flow guide outlet, the flow guide outlet is connected with the converging channel through an elbow pipe; and the connecting pipe is arranged on the upper part of the cavity of the converging channel.

[0024] Preferably, the bottom of the converging channel is provided with a liquid discharge port.

[0025] Preferably, a phase change material containing cavity is arranged in the convex envelope.

[0026] Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the converging channel is provided with an electrolyte inhibitor coating layer.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting pipe is communicated with an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is fixedly arranged on the panel structure.

[0028] Preferably, the explosion-proof valve comprises an explosion-proof membrane and a protective cover arranged outside the explosion-proof membrane.

[0029] In the second aspect, the utility model provides a kind of energy storage device, and the energy storage device contains the battery module of the first aspect of the utility model effectively prevent heat runaway diffusion.

[0030] In the utility model, the battery module is used for energy storage device, and the energy storage device can be energy storage system, can effectively prevent heat runaway diffusion, and improve the safety of energy storage system.

[0031] The process for preventing heat runaway diffusion of the battery module provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0032] When heat runaway occurs in the battery monomer, the safety valve of the battery monomer breaks and opens, and ejects the ejecta containing electrolyte and gas, the impact force of the ejecta makes the cover plate of the pressure relief groove above the safety valve open, and the movement mode of the ejecta changes from vertical upward ejection to flow out in the direction of the flow guide outlet under the obstruction of the upper wall and the cover plate of the flow guide channel.

[0033] The high-temperature gas-liquid mixed state electrolyte is in contact with the convex in the phase change material filled in the flow guide channel, so that the temperature of the high-temperature gas-liquid mixed state electrolyte is reduced and liquid drops are condensed on the surface of the convex, and under the action of gravity, the electrolyte drops to the lower wall of the flow guide channel, so that the first separation of the electrolyte and the gas in the spray is realized.

[0034] Under the action of inertia and gravity, the electrolyte flows to the flow guide outlet, the electrolyte and the gas in the flow guide channel exert force on the movable blocking piece to open the opening, and the electrolyte and the gas enter the converging channel through the flow guide outlet and the elbow pipe.

[0035] In the converging channel, the electrolyte reacts with the electrolyte inhibitor to reduce the release of heat, and then the electrolyte is discharged from the battery module through the liquid discharge port at the bottom of the converging channel, and the gas is discharged from the connecting pipe at the upper part of the converging channel cavity, so that the second separation of the gas and the electrolyte is realized, the explosion-proof membrane of the explosion-proof valve is broken under the action of the gas, and the protective cover is opened to form an opening, which plays a pressure relief role on the battery module.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0037] (1) The battery module provided by the utility model can timely relieve pressure and directionally discharge the battery spray in the battery module when thermal runaway occurs, protect the surrounding battery and electronic components of the thermal runaway battery monomer from being damaged, prevent the upper shell from being deformed or damaged, reduce the risk of thermal runaway spread, and reduce the loss after thermal runaway.

[0038] (2) The setting of the flow guide channel and the movable blocking piece in the pressure relief flow guide piece can make the battery spray directionally discharge and isolate the normal battery module, reduce the risk of thermal runaway spread, and prevent a large amount of air from entering the flow guide channel, which can effectively prevent the combustible gas in the battery monomer spray from contacting a large amount of air and causing fire.

[0039] (3) The setting of the convex in the pressure relief flow guide piece can liquefy the high-temperature gas-liquid mixed state electrolyte, reduce the temperature of the electrolyte, and achieve the purpose of gas-liquid separation.

[0040] (4) The design of the pressure relief groove, the cover plate and the heat insulation pad in the battery module can isolate the thermal runaway battery monomer and the normal battery monomer, prevent the thermal runaway battery monomer from spraying electrolyte to harm the normal battery monomer, and effectively prevent the thermal runaway from spreading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1The utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of battery module for one specific embodiment mode of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 And Figure 3 For Figure 1 Part structural schematic diagram of battery module provided by the utility model is provided;

[0043] Figure 4 For Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of flow guide channel in battery module provided by the utility model is provided;

[0044] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Main view sectional view of flow guide channel in the utility model is provided;

[0045] Figure 6 For Figure 5 The partial close -up drawing of circled A part in the utility model is provided;

[0046] Figure 7 For Figure 5 The partial close -up drawing of circled B part in the utility model is provided;

[0047] Wherein: 1-battery module;2-upper shell;3-lower box;4-panel structural member;5-explosion -proof valve;6-pressure relief flow guide piece;7-CCS assembly;8-safety valve;9-battery monomer;10-heat insulation pad;

[0048] 601-pressure relief groove;602-cover plate;603-convex package;604-movable barrier sheet;605-flow guide channel;606-converging channel;607-connection pipe;608-sealing end of flow guide channel;609-upper wall;610-lower wall;611-flow guide outlet;612-inner bottom surface of converging channel;613-elbow. Specific embodiment

[0049] It needs to be understood that in the description of the utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or positional relationship shown based on the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the indicated device or element to have a particular orientation, to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0050] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "provided", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0051] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application must include necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for realizing the complete process, but the above content does not belong to the main creative point of the present application, those skilled in the art can add layout by themselves based on process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present application does not make special requirements and specific limitations.

[0052] The technical scheme of the present application will be further illustrated below by combining the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, the present application provides a battery module capable of effectively preventing the spread of thermal runaway, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the battery module comprises an upper shell 2, a lower box body 3, a battery module 1, a pressure relief flow guide 6, a panel structure 4 and a CCS assembly 7, the upper shell 2 and the lower box body 3 constitute a containing cavity, at least one group of battery modules 1 are arranged in the containing cavity, the battery module 1 comprises at least one battery monomer 9, each battery monomer 9 is connected in series, and a safety valve 8 is arranged on each battery monomer 9, the pressure relief flow guide 6 is arranged above the safety valve 8, the panel structure 4 is arranged at one end of the battery module 1 along the arrangement direction of the battery monomer 9, and the CCS assembly 7 is arranged above the battery module 1.

[0054] The utility model discloses a battery module, including upper casing 2, lower box 3 and battery module 1, wherein, upper casing 2 is arranged at the top of battery module, and upper casing 2 and lower box 3 form sealed space with sealing element and fixed part, and the sealed space is used for accommodating battery module 1 and limiting the position of battery module 1, and the lower box 3 is located below battery module 1 and is used for supporting the weight of battery module 1, and the one end of battery module 1 is provided with panel structure 4 along the arrangement direction of battery monomer 9, and the panel structure 4 is used for the installation of the connector of battery module, and the setting of pressure relief flow guide piece 6 can be used for the separation and directional discharge of the spray after the rupture of safety valve 8, and the CCS assembly 7 is the CCS assembly for battery module in the art, generally including busbar, and the busbar is provided with positive pole connecting part and negative pole connecting part, and the positive pole connecting part and the negative pole connecting part are welded with the positive pole and the negative pole of battery monomer 9 respectively, and the electric connection of busbar and battery monomer 9 is realized, and the CCS assembly 7 is used for collecting the temperature and other state information of battery monomer 9.

[0055] The utility model discloses a battery module, including upper casing 2, lower box 3 and battery module 1, wherein, upper casing 2 is arranged at the top of battery module, and upper casing 2 and lower box 3 form sealed space with sealing element and fixed part, and the sealed space is used for accommodating battery module 1 and limiting the position of battery module 1, and the lower box 3 is located below battery module 1 and is used for supporting the weight of battery module 1, and the one end of battery module 1 is provided with panel structure 4 along the arrangement direction of battery monomer 9, and the panel structure 4 is used for the installation of the connector of battery module, and the setting of pressure relief flow guide piece 6 can be used for the separation and directional discharge of the spray after the rupture of safety valve 8, and the CCS assembly 7 is the CCS assembly for battery module in the art, generally including busbar, and the busbar is provided with positive pole connecting part and negative pole connecting part, and the positive pole connecting part and the negative pole connecting part are welded with the positive pole and the negative pole of battery monomer 9 respectively, and the electric connection of busbar and battery monomer 9 is realized, and the CCS assembly 7 is used for collecting the temperature and other state information of battery monomer 9.

[0056] The utility model discloses a battery module, including upper casing 2, lower box 3 and battery module 1, wherein, upper casing 2 is arranged at the top of battery module, and upper casing 2 and lower box 3 form sealed space with sealing element and fixed part, and the sealed space is used for accommodating battery module 1 and limiting the position of battery module 1, and the lower box 3 is located below battery module 1 and is used for supporting the weight of battery module 1, and the one end of battery module 1 is provided with panel structure 4 along the arrangement direction of battery monomer 9, and the panel structure 4 is used for the installation of the connector of battery module, and the setting of pressure relief flow guide piece 6 can be used for the separation and directional discharge of the spray after the rupture of safety valve 8, and the CCS assembly 7 is the CCS assembly for battery module in the art, generally including busbar, and the busbar is provided with positive pole connecting part and negative pole connecting part, and the positive pole connecting part and the negative pole connecting part are welded with the positive pole and the negative pole of battery monomer 9 respectively, and the electric connection of busbar and battery monomer 9 is realized, and the CCS assembly 7 is used for collecting the temperature and other state information of battery monomer 9.

[0057] In some embodiments, a heat insulation pad 10 is arranged between the side surfaces of adjacent battery monomers 9.

[0058] The utility model discloses a battery module, including upper casing 2, lower box 3 and battery module 1, wherein, upper casing 2 is arranged at the top of battery module, and upper casing 2 and lower box 3 form sealed space with sealing element and fixed part, and the sealed space is used for accommodating battery module 1 and limiting the position of battery module 1, and the lower box 3 is located below battery module 1 and is used for supporting the weight of battery module 1, and the one end of battery module 1 is provided with panel structure 4 along the arrangement direction of battery monomer 9, and the panel structure 4 is used for the installation of the connector of battery module, and the setting of pressure relief flow guide piece 6 can be used for the separation and directional discharge of the spray after the rupture of safety valve 8, and the CCS assembly 7 is the CCS assembly for battery module in the art, generally including busbar, and the busbar is provided with positive pole connecting part and negative pole connecting part, and the positive pole connecting part and the negative pole connecting part are welded with the positive pole and the negative pole of battery monomer 9 respectively, and the electric connection of busbar and battery monomer 9 is realized, and the CCS assembly 7 is used for collecting the temperature and other state information of battery monomer 9.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the pressure relief flow guide piece 6 includes a flow guide channel 605, a pressure relief groove 601, a cover plate 602, and a convex bump 603. The flow guide channel 605 is arranged above the battery module 1. The flow guide channel 605 includes a correspondingly arranged upper wall 609 and a lower wall 610. The flow guide channel 605 extends from one end close to the panel structure 4 to the other end away from the panel structure 4. The vertical distance between the lower wall 610 of the flow guide channel 605 and the upper surface of the battery module 1 gradually increases.

[0060] In the utility model, the "the guide flow passage 605 extends from one end close to the panel structural member 4 to the other end away from the panel structural member 4, and the vertical distance between the lower wall 610 of the guide flow passage 605 and the upper surface of the battery module 1 gradually increases" refers to: along the direction of the extension of the guide flow passage 605, the one end of the lower wall 610 of the guide flow passage 605 away from the panel structural member 4 is inclined upward at a certain angle, so that the electrolyte is smoothly discharged from the guide flow passage 605 under the action of inertia and gravity, and the direction of the upper wall 609 of the guide flow passage 605 can be parallel to the upper surface of the battery module 1, or can be parallel to the lower wall 610, for example, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the upper surface of the battery module 1 is in the horizontal direction, the one end of the lower wall 610 away from the panel structural member 4 is inclined upward at a certain angle compared with the horizontal plane, and the upper wall 609 is in the horizontal direction;

[0061] The guide flow passage 605 is provided with a guide flow outlet 611 at one end close to the panel structural member 4, and the other end is sealed;

[0062] In the utility model, the guide flow passage 605 has a certain accommodation space for accommodating the pressure relief groove 601, the convex envelope 603 and the spray of the battery monomer 9, and the shape of the guide flow passage 605 is not specially limited, for example, it can be a circular tube or a cuboid, the guide flow passage 605 is provided with only one outlet, that is, the guide flow outlet 611, and the other end is sealed and marked as the guide flow passage sealing end 608, through the above setting, the spray can only be discharged in the direction of the guide flow outlet 611 after being sprayed into the guide flow passage 605 through the pressure relief groove 601, and at the same time, due to the effect of the existing gas of the guide flow passage sealing end 608, the subsequent spray can only be discharged in the direction of the guide flow outlet 611;

[0063] The lower wall 610 is provided with the pressure relief groove 601 corresponding to the position of the safety valve 8 in the battery module 1; the bottom of the pressure relief groove 601 protrudes from the lower surface of the lower wall 610, the top of the pressure relief groove 601 protrudes from the upper surface of the lower wall 610 and does not contact the upper wall 609, the bottom opening of the pressure relief groove 601 is in contact with the circumference corresponding to the safety valve 8, and the top opening of the pressure relief groove 601 is provided with a cover plate 602, and the cover plate 602, the pressure relief groove 601 and the safety valve 8 constitute a closed space;

[0064] The bottom opening size of the pressure relief groove 601 is matched with the size of the safety valve 8, the pressure relief groove 601 can completely surround the safety valve 8, and the circumferential contact of the pressure relief groove 601 and the lower wall 610 is in sealing connection, and the cover plate 602, the pressure relief groove 601 and the safety valve 8 form a closed space; in the utility model, the top of the pressure relief groove 601 protrudes from the upper surface of the lower wall 610 and does not contact the upper wall 609, which can prevent the splashing of the liquidized electrolyte from flowing into the pressure relief groove 601 when the cover plate 602 is in an open state, and secondary splashing is avoided;

[0065] The upper wall 609 of the flow guide channel 605 is provided with at least one convex block 603 at the bottom surface in a spaced manner, and the convex block 603 is arranged between adjacent cover plates 602.

[0066] In the utility model, the shape of the convex block 603 is not specially limited, for example, can be a hemisphere, a cone, a pyramid, a cuboid, a cube or other shapes of polyhedron, preferably a hemisphere, and the spherical surface faces the lower wall 610 of the flow guide channel 605; in the utility model, the convex block 603 and the cover plate 602 are arranged in a staggered manner by arranging the convex block 603 between the adjacent cover plates 602, the positions do not overlap with each other, the liquid electrolyte on the convex block 603 is prevented from dropping into the pressure relief groove 601 when the cover plate 602 is in an open state, and secondary splashing of the electrolyte is avoided; the upper wall 609 of the flow guide channel 605 is provided with at least one convex block 603 at the bottom surface in a spaced manner, for example, can be one, two, three or four, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the value range are also applicable; in the utility model, the number of the convex block 603 is controlled to increase the contact area of the electrolyte and the convex block 603, improve the cooling efficiency of the electrolyte and the separation efficiency of the electrolyte and the gas, and the shapes of the plurality of convex blocks 603 can be the same or different, the distances of the plurality of convex blocks 603 from the lower wall 610 can be the same or different, but the bottom of the convex block 603 needs to be prevented from contacting the lower wall 610, so that the remaining space can ensure that the gas in the sprayed material and the condensed electrolyte are smoothly discharged from the flow guide channel 605.

[0067] In some embodiments, along the extension direction of the flow guide channel 605, the maximum height of the first pressure relief groove 601 protruding from the lower wall 610 near the flow guide outlet 611 is h1, the maximum height of the second pressure relief groove 601 protruding from the lower wall 610 is h2,..., and the maximum height of the last pressure relief groove 601 protruding from the lower wall 610 is h i , the h1, h2,..., h i are sequentially increased, and i is a positive integer.

[0068] In the utility model, the h1, h2,..., h iThe pressure relief groove 601 can seal the safety valve 8 when the lower wall 610 of the flow guide channel 605 is inclined, and the cover plate 602, the pressure relief groove 601 and the safety valve 8 form a closed space, and the inclination of the lower wall 610 is conducive to the smooth discharge of the electrolyte from the flow guide channel 605 under the action of inertia and gravity and further into the flow collection channel 606.

[0069] In some embodiments, one end of the cover plate 602 away from the flow guide outlet 611 is fixedly connected with the pressure relief groove 601, and the other end is movably connected with the pressure relief groove 601.

[0070] In the utility model, the size of the cover plate 602 matches the size of the top opening of the pressure relief groove 601, so that sealing can be realized, and the space between the top of the pressure relief groove 601 and the upper wall 609 can satisfy the opening of the cover plate 602 without contacting the upper wall 609; in the utility model, by setting that one end of the cover plate 602 away from the flow guide outlet 611 is fixedly connected with the pressure relief groove 601, and the other end is movably connected with the pressure relief groove 601, the cover plate 602 and the pressure relief groove 601 can form a first movable angle, the opening of the first movable angle faces the flow guide outlet 611, and the first movable angle is generally preferably controlled to be 0-90°, so that the gas sprayed out of the safety valve 8 can open the cover plate 602, the sprayed material can be smoothly sprayed out of the pressure relief groove 601, and the opened cover plate 602 can change the spraying direction of the sprayed material to a certain extent and prevent most of the sprayed material from flowing away from the end of the flow guide outlet 611.

[0071] In some embodiments, the pressure relief flow guide 6 further comprises a movable blocking sheet 604, a flow collection channel 606 and a connecting pipe 607; the movable blocking sheet 604 is arranged in the flow guide channel 605 and located between the flow guide outlet 611 and the first pressure relief groove 601 close to the flow guide outlet 611, the upper end of the movable blocking sheet 604 is fixedly connected with the upper wall 609, and the other end is movably connected with the lower wall 610; the flow collection channel 606 is arranged below the flow guide outlet 611, the flow guide outlet 611 is connected with the flow collection channel 606 through an elbow pipe 613; and the connecting pipe 607 is arranged on the upper part of the cavity of the flow collection channel 606.

[0072] In the utility model, through controlling " the upper end of movable barrier piece 604 is fixedly connected with upper wall 609, and the other end is movably contacted with lower wall 610 ", movable barrier piece 604 can be naturally drooped under the action of gravity, the size of movable barrier piece 604 can guarantee that the bottom of movable barrier piece 604 is contacted with lower wall 610 in natural state, so that the flow guide channel 605 is in sealed state, when movable barrier piece 604 is separated from lower wall 610 under the action of gas and electrolyte in flow guide channel 605, movable barrier piece 604 opens to form an opening and movable barrier piece 604 forms a second movable angle with the vertical direction of fluid flow, so that gas and electrolyte flow out from flow guide outlet 611 and enter into flow collection channel 606 through elbow pipe 613;The utility model discloses movable barrier piece 604 plays the role of realizing that flow guide channel 605 and flow collection channel 606 are disconnected or communicated, equivalent to a one-way valve, allows gas and electrolyte in flow guide channel 605 to flow into flow collection channel 606 in one-way, and prevents gas and liquid in flow collection channel 606 from flowing into flow guide channel 605 reversely, protects other battery modules 1 without safety hidden trouble, simultaneously prevents a large amount of air from entering flow guide channel 605, effectively prevents combustible gas in the ejecta of battery monomer 9 from contacting air and igniting, and further controls safety hidden trouble.

[0073] In the utility model, through setting flow collection channel 606 below flow guide outlet 611, it can be used to collect gas and electrolyte in flow guide channel 605 on different battery modules 1, and flow collection channel 606 and flow guide channel 605 are connected through elbow pipe 613, and the height difference is advantageous to the discharge of electrolyte and inhibits the backflow of electrolyte.

[0074] In some embodiments, the bottom of the flow collection channel 606 is provided with a liquid discharge port (not shown in the figure).

[0075] In some embodiments, the convex hull 603 is provided with a phase change material containing cavity.

[0076] In the utility model, by setting phase change material containing cavity in convex hull 603 and filling phase change material therein, when high-temperature gas-liquid mixed state electrolyte meets convex hull 603, heat exchange is carried out with phase change material, electrolyte droplets are formed on the surface of convex hull 603, and the droplets fall into the lower wall 610 of flow guide channel 605 under the action of gravity and then discharge from flow guide channel 605.

[0077] In some embodiments, the inner bottom surface 612 of the bus channel is provided with an electrolyte inhibitor coating.

[0078] In the utility model, through setting electrolyte inhibitor coating on the inner bottom surface 612 of bus channel, liquid electrolyte can make full contact with electrolyte inhibitor after entering bus channel 606, and the corresponding chemical reaction between electrolytes is slowed down and stopped, and the release of heat is stopped, when the volume of electrolyte in bus channel 606 reaches a certain amount, the electrolyte is discharged through the drain port at the bottom of bus channel 606.In the utility model, the electrolyte inhibitor can be electrolyte inhibitor well known in the art, for example, it can be NaHCO3 or KHCO3, it can be one or more of tetrafluoroethane, heptafluoropropane, tetrafluoropentane, perfluoropentane, ethylenediamine or dibenzylamine, and it can also be a substance having the properties of blocking C, H free radicals and combining lithium ions, or an electrolyte inhibitor having the properties of combining C, H or O free radicals or inhibiting the activity of C, H or O free radicals.

[0079] In the utility model, the electrolyte inhibitor also needs to be further adaptively selected according to the components of electrolyte, and the electrolyte generally includes electrolyte containing lithium ions and carbonate solvent, and the electrolyte known in the art can be used, for example, electrolyte including LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6 and other lithium-containing salt.

[0080] In some embodiments, the connecting pipe 607 is in communication with the explosion-proof valve 5, and the explosion-proof valve 5 is fixedly arranged on the panel structure 4.

[0081] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve 5 includes an explosion-proof membrane and a protective cover arranged outside the explosion-proof membrane.

[0082] In the utility model, the explosion-proof valve 5 is in communication with the bus channel 606 through the connecting pipe 607, and is used for discharging gas in the bus channel 606, and at the same time, the bottom of the connecting pipe 607 is not in contact with the bus channel 606, so as to avoid the overflow of electrolyte in the bus channel 606 from the connecting pipe 607.In the normal state, the explosion-proof valve 5 is in a closed state, which prevents external air and moisture from entering the battery module, and improves the protection level of the battery module, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, the explosion-proof membrane of the explosion-proof valve 5 is broken under the action of gas in the bus channel 606, the protective cover is opened to form an opening, so as to discharge gas to achieve the effect of pressure relief.

[0083] In another specific embodiment, the utility model provides a kind of energy storage device, and the energy storage device contains the battery module of preventing thermal runaway diffusion effectively described in the first aspect of the utility model.

[0084] The energy storage device provided by the utility model can be an energy storage system, and the battery module provided by the utility model can effectively prevent heat runaway diffusion and improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0085] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, and the skilled person in the art should understand that any change or replacement that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical range disclosed by the utility model falls within the protection scope and the disclosure range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery module effective to prevent the spread of thermal runaway, characterized by, The battery module comprises an upper shell, a lower box, a battery module, a pressure relief flow guide, a panel structure and a CCS assembly; The upper shell and the lower box constitute a containing cavity; At least one group of battery modules is arranged in the containing cavity; The battery module comprises at least one battery monomer, each battery monomer is connected in series, and a safety valve is arranged on each battery monomer, and a pressure relief flow guide is arranged above the safety valve; A panel structure is arranged at one end of the battery module along the arrangement direction of the battery monomers; A CCS assembly is arranged above the battery module.

2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, Heat insulation pads are arranged between the side surfaces of adjacent battery monomers.

3. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The pressure relief flow guide comprises a flow guide channel, a pressure relief groove, a cover plate and a convex block; The flow guide channel is arranged above the battery module, the flow guide channel comprises a corresponding upper wall and a lower wall, the flow guide channel extends from one end close to the panel structure to the other end away from the panel structure, and the vertical distance between the lower wall of the flow guide channel and the upper surface of the battery module gradually increases; The flow guide channel is sealed at the other end away from the panel structure; The lower wall is provided with a pressure relief groove corresponding to the position of the safety valve in the battery module; The bottom of the pressure relief groove protrudes from the lower surface of the lower wall, the top of the pressure relief groove protrudes from the upper surface of the lower wall and does not contact the upper wall, the bottom opening of the pressure relief groove is in contact with the circumference of the corresponding safety valve, the top opening of the pressure relief groove is provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate, the pressure relief groove and the safety valve constitute a closed space; At least one convex block is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper wall of the flow guide channel, and the convex block is arranged between adjacent cover plates.

4. The battery module of claim 3, wherein, The end of the cover plate away from the flow guide outlet is fixedly connected with the pressure relief groove, and the other end is movably connected with the pressure relief groove.

5. The battery module of claim 4, wherein, The pressure relief flow guide further comprises a movable blocking sheet, a flow convergence channel and a connecting pipe; The movable blocking sheet is arranged in the flow guide channel and located between the flow guide outlet and the first pressure relief groove close to the flow guide outlet, the upper end of the movable blocking sheet is fixedly connected with the upper wall, and the other end is movably connected with the lower wall; The flow convergence channel is arranged below the flow guide outlet, and the flow guide outlet is connected with the flow convergence channel through an elbow pipe; The connecting pipe is arranged on the upper part of the cavity of the flow convergence channel.

6. The battery module of claim 5, wherein, The bottom of the flow convergence channel is provided with a liquid discharge port.

7. The battery module of claim 3, wherein, The convex block is provided with a phase change material containing cavity.

8. The battery module of claim 5, wherein, The connecting pipe is in communication with an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is fixedly arranged on the panel structure.

9. The battery module of claim 8, wherein, The explosion-proof valve comprises an explosion-proof membrane and a protective cover arranged outside the explosion-proof membrane.

10. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device comprises the battery module capable of effectively preventing the spread of thermal runaway according to any one of claims 1-9.

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