Friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device
By using a hollow inner cavity, spiral hole, and rolling pin structure in the additive manufacturing device, the problems of insufficient fluidity and interlayer bonding strength of aluminum alloy materials in additive manufacturing are solved, achieving uniform material consumption and tight interlayer bonding, thereby improving the overall performance of the formed parts and the durability of the tools.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423006092.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-06
AI Technical Summary
In the additive manufacturing process, insufficient material fluidity and weak interlayer bonding strength of aluminum alloy materials lead to uneven internal structure of the formed parts, affecting their mechanical properties.
A friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device is used to improve the flowability of raw materials and break down the oxide film by setting a hollow inner cavity, spiral hole and rolling needle structure in the shoulder section, thereby enhancing the interlayer bonding.
It improves material flowability and interlayer bonding, enhances the internal structure and mechanical properties of molded parts, reduces delamination, increases the overall strength of molded parts, and reduces tool wear frequency and maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223465705U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to additive manufacturing field especially, and relates to a kind of stirring friction solid-phase additive manufacturing devices. BACKGROUND
[0002] Aluminum alloy material is insufficient in flowability during additive manufacturing process, especially during the accumulation of deposition layers, leading to uneven internal structure of the formed part and affecting its mechanical properties. Because the surface of aluminum alloy material is prone to form an oxide film, traditional additive manufacturing techniques cannot effectively bond the deposition layers, resulting in insufficient interlayer bonding strength of the formed part.
[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems in the prior art. SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of stirring friction solid-phase additive manufacturing device, by being provided with hollow inner cavity in shaft shoulder section, the flowability of raw material is improved by providing the circumferential constraint of raw material bar;By the spiral hole and the rolling needle structure of bottom shaft shoulder plane, the interlayer bonding property is improved by destroying the oxide film, to solve the problems of poor flowability of raw material and insufficient interlayer bonding strength of deposition layer in the additive manufacturing process in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a kind of stirring friction solid-phase additive manufacturing device, comprising: shaft shoulder section, the shaft shoulder section is hollow, and hollow inner cavity is used to accommodate raw material bar;At least one spiral hole and at least one group of rolling needles are provided on the bottom shaft shoulder plane of the shaft shoulder section;Clamping section, the clamping section is detachably connected with the shaft shoulder section.
[0006] Further optionally, the rolling needle is water-drop-shaped.
[0007] Further optionally, the rolling needle is two groups, and the rolling needles in each group are evenly distributed on the same circumference.
[0008] Further optionally, the shape and size of one group of rolling needles are adapted to the thickness of deposition layer, for stirring deposition layer and destroying oxide layer;The shape and size of another group of rolling needles are adapted to the thickness and structure of edge layer, for improving the bonding property between edge layers.
[0009] Further optionally, at least one protrusion is provided in the hollow inner cavity.
[0010] Further optionally, the spiral hole is an Archimedes spiral pattern.
[0011] Further optionally, the spiral hole includes at least one spiral angle, for optimizing the wrapping effect and driving capacity of the material.
[0012] Further, the bottom shaft shoulder section and the rolling needle are made of rigid material.
[0013] In another aspect, the utility model also provides a kind of friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing method for stirring, which is carried out by the above-mentioned friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device, comprising: connecting the clamping section with split type tool holder;Insert the raw material rod into the hollow inner cavity of the shaft shoulder section, and make its one end protrude the bottom shaft shoulder plane of the shaft shoulder section;Start the control equipment, drive the shaft shoulder section to stir the raw material rod until the shell is formed.
[0014] Further, the start control equipment drives the shaft shoulder section to stir the raw material rod, which includes: monitoring the temperature of the melting zone in real time, and controlling the temperature within the preset temperature range.
[0015] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: improve material flowability and enhance interlayer bonding: the circumferential constraint of raw material is realized by the hollow inner cavity, which promotes uniform consumption and flowability of material during additive manufacturing, thereby improving the internal structure and mechanical properties of the formed piece; the unique "archimedes spiral pattern" bottom shaft shoulder section and water drop-shaped "rolling needle" design effectively destroys the oxidation film of the deposited layer, improves the interlayer bonding, significantly reduces the delamination phenomenon, and improves the overall strength of the formed piece; high-strength and high-wear-resistant alloy steel is selected as the material of the bottom shaft shoulder section and "rolling needle", which improves the durability of the tool, reduces the replacement frequency caused by wear, and reduces the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.
[0017] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the bottom shaft shoulder plane of the friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 is the side surface structure schematic diagram of the friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 is the use state schematic diagram of the friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] Fig. 1 - clamping section; 2 - shoulder section; 3 - bottom shoulder plane; 301 - spiral hole; 302 - rolling needle; 4 - raw material rod; 5 - deposited layer; 6 - substrate; 100 - friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0023] To solve the problems of poor raw material flowability and insufficient interlayer bonding strength of the deposited layer in the prior art, the present application provides a friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , wherein, Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom shoulder plane of the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is a side structural schematic diagram of the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 is a use state schematic diagram of the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiments of the present application.
[0024] To solve the problems of poor raw material flowability and insufficient interlayer bonding strength of the deposited layer in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device, which comprises: a shoulder section 2, the shoulder section 2 is hollow, and the hollow inner cavity is used for accommodating a raw material rod; the bottom shoulder plane 3 of the shoulder section 2 is provided with at least one spiral hole 301 and at least one set of rolling needles 302; a clamping section 1, the clamping section 1 is detachably connected with the shoulder section 2.
[0025] The shoulder section 2 is the core part of the device, which contains a hollow inner cavity for accommodating a raw material rod, can accommodate and guide the raw material rod to the forming area, and the hollow inner cavity can constrain the raw material rod in the circumferential direction, promote the uniform consumption of the material, and increase the flowability of the raw material. The bottom shoulder plane 3 of the shoulder section 2 is provided with a center hole, at least one spiral hole 301 and at least one set of rolling needles 302 outside the center hole, which enhances the wrapping effect and driving capacity of the shaped aluminum alloy material through the spiral hole 301 and the rolling needle 302.
[0026] The spiral hole 301 design can push the raw material along the shoulder section 2 during the friction stir process, using the effect of spiral guidance, thereby increasing the flowability of the raw material and ensuring uniform deposition of the material. The spiral hole 301 can effectively avoid the accumulation of raw materials and promote the flow and plastic deformation of the material.
[0027] The shape and size of the rolling needle 302 are precisely designed to stir the deposited layer through physical action, break the surface oxide film, and strengthen the bonding force between layers. During the friction stir process, the raw material is accumulated layer by layer, and each layer is stirred and compacted by the "rolling needle 302" of the tool, ensuring the close bonding between each layer.
[0028] As an optional embodiment, the shoulder can be designed as an adjustable structure, allowing the shoulder size to change to meet the forming needs of different wall thicknesses, improving the universality of the device.
[0029] The clamping section 1 and the shoulder section 2 are detachably connected, facilitating the disassembly, cleaning, and maintenance of the device. The clamping section 1 is used to connect with the split tool holder to ensure the stability of the device operation, and the connection between the clamping section 1 and the split tool holder is detachable, facilitating replacement and maintenance. The detachable connection methods include buckle connection, threaded connection, and rivet connection.
[0030] During use, the equipment drives the friction stir solid additive manufacturing device 100 to move on the substrate 6, thereby causing the raw material rod 4 to accumulate raw materials layer by layer on the substrate 6 to obtain the deposited layer 5.
[0031] As an optional embodiment, the rolling needle 302 is water droplet-shaped.
[0032] The water droplet-shaped stirring needle has sharper edges and a larger contact area than traditional straight or circular shapes, which allows it to produce stronger mechanical action on aluminum alloy materials during operation, thereby promoting material flow. During additive manufacturing, the material surface may form an oxide film or have a relatively hard deposited layer, which can hinder material flow. The water droplet-shaped stirring needle can effectively break these oxide films and hardened layers through the friction generated by its tip and surface, making the material more flowable and ensuring that the layers of material can be smoothly integrated to improve interlayer bonding.
[0033] The shape of the rolling needle 302 can be other efficient geometric shapes to ensure sufficient pressure and friction during stirring to improve the interlayer bonding strength.
[0034] As an optional embodiment, the rolling needle 302 is in two groups, and the rolling needles 302 in each group are uniformly distributed on the same circumference.
[0035] Each group includes at least two water-drop-shaped rolling pins 302, different groups of rolling pins 302 are arranged on different circumferences, and the same group of rolling pins 302 are evenly distributed on the same circumference, so as to ensure that the material can be uniformly subjected to physical pressure in the whole area during the friction stirring process. Through such uniform distribution, the problem of too fast or too slow flow in local areas is avoided, and it is ensured that each part of the deposited layer can be effectively fused with the previous layer.
[0036] As an optional embodiment, the shape and size of one group of rolling pins 302 are adapted to the thickness of the deposited layer for crushing the deposited layer and destroying the oxide layer; the shape and size of another group of rolling pins 302 are adapted to the thickness and structure of the edge layer for improving the bonding between the edge layers.
[0037] The design of the first group of rolling pins 302 focuses on the thickness and overall morphology of the deposited layer, aiming to effectively improve the flowability of the deposited layer and enhance the interlayer bonding. The shape and size of this group of rolling pins 302 should be customized according to the actual thickness of the deposited layer to ensure that they can maximally affect the deposited layer and promote its fusion.
[0038] The thickness of the deposited layer usually increases layer by layer as the additive manufacturing process progresses, and different thicknesses require different shapes and sizes of rolling pins 302 to apply appropriate pressure. For thicker deposited layers, the size of the rolling pins 302 may need to be larger in order to generate sufficient pressure and friction to shape and promote flow. Conversely, for thinner deposited layers, the size of the rolling pins 302 can be appropriately reduced to avoid excessive pressure affecting the uniform deposition of the material.
[0039] The design of the second group of rolling pins 302 focuses on the treatment of the edge layer, and the main purpose is to improve the bonding and plastic deformation of the edge area, ensure the strong bonding between the edge layer and the center layer, and solve the problem of weak connection and non-connection.
[0040] As an optional embodiment, the group of rolling pins 302 arranged closer to the circumference of the inner hole of the bottom surface is the rolling pin 302 focusing on the deposited layer, and the group of rolling pins 302 arranged away from the circumference of the inner hole of the bottom surface is the rolling pin 302 focusing on the edge layer.
[0041] As an optional embodiment, at least one protrusion is provided in the hollow inner cavity.
[0042] The hollow inner cavity has at least one inner wall protrusion for enhancing the constraint force on the raw material.
[0043] As an optional embodiment, the spiral hole 301 is an Archimedes spiral pattern.
[0044] An Archimedean spiral pattern is a type of equiangular spiral structure characterized by a consistent pitch, or distance between each turn, as the spiral extends. Specifically, the pitch is constant at each loop, allowing the structure to expand uniformly in space. Due to its spiral shape, the Archimedean spiral pattern can uniformly apply pressure during the friction stir process, which aids in the flow of raw material and the uniform fusion of the deposited layer. The uniformity of the spiral structure ensures overall flowability and deposition uniformity of the material.
[0045] As an optional implementation, the spiral hole 301 includes at least one spiral pitch angle for optimizing the wrapping effect and driving capacity of the material.
[0046] The spiral pitch angle refers to the angle of elevation of the trajectory of the spiral hole 301 in the circumferential direction. This pitch angle is a crucial parameter in the design of the spiral hole 301, which directly affects the mechanical action and heat transfer effect on the raw material during flow. The design of the spiral hole 301 guides the smooth flow of the material in the bottom shoulder section 2 area through the pitch angle, and uniformly wraps it around the shoulder section 2, avoiding uneven material accumulation. To optimize the wrapping effect and driving capacity of the raw material.
[0047] As an optional implementation, the bottom shoulder section 2 and the rolling needle 302 are made of rigid material.
[0048] Preferably, the bottom shoulder section 2 and the rolling needle 302 are made of high-strength, high-wear-resistant alloy steel to improve the durability and service life of the device.
[0049] The utility model embodiment further provides a kind of friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing method, using the above-mentioned friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device to carry out additive manufacturing, comprising:
[0050] S1, the clamping section is connected with split tool holder;
[0051] S2, the raw material rod is inserted into the hollow inner cavity of the shoulder section, and one end protrudes the bottom shoulder plane of the shoulder section;
[0052] S3, start control equipment, drive the shoulder section to stir and rub raw material rod until the shell is formed.
[0053] As an optional implementation, starting the control equipment to drive the shoulder section to stir and rub the raw material rod includes:
[0054] The temperature of the melting zone is monitored in real time, and the temperature is controlled within a preset temperature range.
[0055] The clamping section of the friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device is connected with the split tool holder. The clamping section is designed to be detachable, facilitating tool replacement and maintenance.
[0056] Select a suitable 6061 aluminum alloy raw material for additive manufacturing and cut it to the desired size and shape to facilitate subsequent additive manufacturing.
[0057] Place the raw material under the middle load-bearing section of the device, ensuring accurate contact between the raw material and the bottom shoulder section and "rolling needle".
[0058] Start the stirring and friction process of the device, so that the bottom shoulder section and "rolling needle" start to stir and friction the raw material. During this process, the bottom shoulder section with "Archimedes spiral pattern" and "water drop-shaped rolling needle" will effectively improve the flowability and interlayer bonding ability of the material.
[0059] During the stirring and friction process, the device moves at a constant speed, and the bottom shoulder section and "rolling needle" stir and friction the raw material to form a molten zone. Use a thermal imager to monitor the temperature of the molten zone in real time, ensuring that the temperature is controlled within the optimal processing temperature range of aluminum alloy to optimize the flowability and interlayer bonding of the material.
[0060] Adjust the shoulder size of the tool according to the wall thickness requirement of the formed part. The adjustable shoulder design allows the tool to adapt to different wall thickness forming requirements, improving the versatility and applicability of the tool. For example, for thicker walls, increase the shoulder diameter to provide more pressure.
[0061] During the stirring and friction process, the raw material is stacked layer by layer, and each layer is stirred and compacted by the "rolling needle" of the device to ensure tight bonding between each layer.
[0062] After completing the additive manufacturing, the formed part is subjected to T6 heat treatment to improve its hardness and strength. Then, mechanical processing such as milling and polishing is carried out to obtain the required dimensional accuracy and surface finish.
[0063] Strict quality testing is carried out on the formed part, including ultrasonic testing, tensile testing and hardness testing, to ensure that the formed part meets the high standards of the aerospace or automotive manufacturing industries.
[0064] After completing a production cycle, clean and inspect the tool for wear. If there is wear, repair or replace it in a timely manner to ensure the performance of the tool and the quality of the formed part.
[0065] Regularly inspect and maintain the device, including cleaning, wear inspection and necessary replacement, to ensure long-term stable operation of the tool.
[0066] The above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: improving material fluidity and enhancing interlayer bonding: the hollow cavity realizes circumferential constraint on the raw material, promotes uniform consumption and fluidity of the material in the additive manufacturing process, thereby improving the internal structure and mechanical properties of the formed piece; the unique "Archimedes spiral pattern" bottom shoulder section and water drop-shaped "rolling needle" design effectively destroy the oxide film of the deposited layer, improve the interlayer bonding, significantly reduce the delamination phenomenon, and improve the overall strength of the formed piece; the high-strength and high-wear-resistant alloy steel is selected as the material of the bottom shoulder section and the "rolling needle", thereby improving the durability of the tool, reducing the replacement frequency caused by wear, and reducing the maintenance cost.
[0067] The specific embodiment of the above utility model further specifically describes the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the utility model, and it should be understood that the above content is only a specific embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A friction stir solid phase additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: Comprise: a shaft shoulder section, which is hollow, and a hollow inner cavity for accommodating a raw material rod; a bottom shaft shoulder plane of the shaft shoulder section is provided with at least one spiral hole and at least one set of rolling pins; a clamping section, which is detachably connected with the shaft shoulder section.
2. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the rolling pins are water-drop-shaped.
3. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, wherein: the rolling pins are in two sets, and the rolling pins in each set are uniformly distributed on the same circle.
4. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, wherein: the shape and size of the rolling pins in one set are adapted to the thickness of the deposited layer, for stirring the deposited layer and destroying the oxide layer; the shape and size of the rolling pins in the other set are adapted to the thickness and structure of the edge layer, for improving the binding between the edge layers.
5. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: at least one protrusion is arranged in the hollow inner cavity.
6. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral hole is an Archimedes spiral pattern.
7. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, wherein: the spiral hole comprises at least one spiral angle, for optimizing the wrapping effect and driving capacity of the material.
8. The friction stir solid-phase additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom shaft shoulder section and the rolling pins are made of rigid material.