Radial subdivision single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery, and provides a variable guide vane radial subdivision single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine which comprises a shell, a pump cover, an impeller, a main shaft, a bearing body and a guide vane assembly. Wherein a liquid inlet flow channel is formed in the shell; the pump cover is detachably connected to the shell and matched with the shell to form a containing cavity. The impeller is arranged in the accommodating cavity and can rotate in the accommodating cavity; the main shaft is coaxially connected with the impeller and penetrates through the shell and the pump cover; the bearing bodies coaxially sleeve the head and tail ends of the main shaft and are used for supporting the main shaft; the guide vane assembly is arranged in the containing cavity and detachably connected with the shell, the guide vane assembly further forms a plurality of guide vane parts concentrically and annularly arranged on the periphery of the impeller, the guide vane parts are arranged at the same intervals, and the liquid inlet flow channel communicates with a liquid inlet of the impeller through the intervals between the adjacent guide vane parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fluid machinery technology, and in particular relates to a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes. Background Art

[0002] As an energy recovery device, hydraulic turbines can recycle excess pressure from process liquids, converting it into mechanical energy to drive mechanical equipment and ultimately save energy. With the continued advancement of energy conservation and emission reduction initiatives, more and more users are choosing to utilize hydraulic turbines to recover excess pressure, achieving significant economic benefits.

[0003] However, in traditional hydraulic turbine designs, the guide vanes are typically fixed, making it impossible to adjust the fluid path according to actual needs. When plant process conditions change, such as with upgrades to refinery hydrogenation units, coal chemical low-temperature methanol washing units, and ammonia synthesis units, the flow rate of the medium requiring energy recovery also increases. When this flow rate increases to a certain level, the hydraulic turbine becomes clogged, and energy recovery stops increasing, impacting turbine efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to address this technical issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes to solve the technical problem of limited recovery efficiency of hydraulic turbines in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a radially split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vanes, comprising:

[0006] The shell forms a liquid inlet channel;

[0007] A pump cover is detachably connected to the housing and cooperates with the housing to form a receiving cavity;

[0008] an impeller, disposed in the accommodating chamber and capable of rotating in the accommodating chamber;

[0009] a main shaft, coaxially connected to the impeller and passing through the casing and the pump cover;

[0010] A bearing body is coaxially mounted on both ends of the main shaft and is used to support the main shaft;

[0011] A guide vane assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is detachably connected to the shell. The guide vane assembly also forms a plurality of guide vane portions arranged concentrically around the impeller. The guide vane portions have the same spacing. The liquid inlet flow channel is connected to the liquid inlet of the impeller through the spacing between adjacent guide vane portions. The guide vane assembly is used to allow the medium in the liquid inlet flow channel to impact the blades in the impeller in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions.

[0012] Optionally, the guide vane assembly further comprises a front end cover portion and a rear end cover portion arranged in a spaced manner, and the guide vane portion is arranged between the front end cover portion and the rear end cover portion.

[0013] The front end cover portion is in abutment with the housing, and the rear end cover portion is in abutment with the pump cover.

[0014] Optionally, the guide vane assembly further comprises a fastening bolt.

[0015] The fastening bolt is sequentially threaded through the rear end cover portion, the guide vane portion and the front end cover portion and is in threaded connection with the housing.

[0016] Optionally, the guide vane portion and the front end cover portion are arranged in an integral structure, and the rear end cover portion is detachably connected with the guide vane portion.

[0017] Optionally, the housing forms a first positioning surface and a second positioning surface arranged in an angle manner.

[0018] The front end cover portion is formed in a shape adapted to the included angle between the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface and is in abutment with the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface.

[0019] Optionally, the first positioning surface extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller and causes the rear end cover portion to also be in abutment with the first positioning surface.

[0020] The liquid inlet flow channel is arranged between the front end cover portion and the rear end cover portion in proximity to the port of the accommodating cavity.

[0021] Optionally, a sealing ring is arranged between the guide vane assembly and the first positioning surface and / or between the guide vane assembly and the second positioning surface.

[0022] Optionally, the housing forms a plurality of steps in the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0023] The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine further comprises a metal winding pad arranged between the steps and the pump cover.

[0024] The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine provided by the application has the beneficial effect that, compared with the prior art, the liquid inlet flow channel arranged on the shell is communicated with the accommodating cavity accommodating the impeller through the interval between the adjacent guide vane portions of the guide vane assembly. Since the pump cover and the guide vane assembly are detachably connected to the shell, when the medium flow changes due to the change of the device process condition, the pump cover can be removed from the shell, and the accommodating cavity is opened to replace the guide vane assembly. Therefore, different guide vane assemblies can be well adapted to different process conditions, which is beneficial to the maximum recovery of liquid energy of the variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine in the embodiment under different working conditions, and is much better than the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a whole structure sectional view of the variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine in the embodiment of the application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a whole structure sectional view of the variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine in the embodiment of the application. Figure 1 It is an enlarged view of structure A in the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a whole structure schematic view of the guide vane assembly in the embodiment of the application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial structure schematic view of the guide vane assembly in the embodiment of the application.

[0030] In the drawings, 101 is a shell, 102 is a liquid inlet flow channel, 103 is a pump cover, 104 is an accommodating cavity, 105 is an impeller, 1051 is a liquid inlet, 1052 is a liquid outlet, 106 is a main shaft, 107 is a bearing body, 108 is a guide vane assembly, 109 is a guide vane portion, 110 is a front end cover portion, 111 is a rear end cover portion, 112 is a fastening bolt, 113 is a first positioning surface, 114 is a second positioning surface, 115 is a sealing ring, 116 is a step, and 117 is a metal winding pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , a variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double support hydraulic turbine of the present application comprises a shell 101, a pump cover 103, an impeller 105, a main shaft 106, a bearing body 107 and a guide vane assembly 108. Among them:

[0036] The shell 101 forms the liquid inlet flow channel 102; the pump cover 103 is detachably connected to the shell 101 and cooperates with the shell 101 to form the containing cavity 104; the impeller 105 is arranged in the containing cavity 104 and can rotate in the containing cavity 104; the main shaft 106 is coaxially connected with the impeller 105 and penetrates through the shell 101 and the pump cover 103; the bearing body 107 coaxially sleeves the first and second ends of the main shaft 106 and is used to support the main shaft 106; the guide vane assembly 108 is arranged in the containing cavity 104 and is detachably connected with the shell 101, and the guide vane assembly 108 further forms a plurality of guide vane portions 109 arranged concentrically around the impeller 105, the guide vane portions 109 have the same interval, and the liquid inlet flow channel 102 is communicated with the liquid inlet port 1051 of the impeller 105 through the interval between the adjacent guide vane portions 109, and the guide vane assembly 108 is used to make the medium in the liquid inlet flow channel 102 impact the blades in the impeller 105 in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions 109.

[0037] In the embodiment, after the liquid medium passes through the interval between the adjacent guide vane portions 109 and enters the liquid inlet port 1051 of the impeller 105, the medium impacts the blades in the impeller 105 in the flow direction defined by the guide vane portions 109, which drives the impeller 105 to rotate and further drives the main shaft 106 to rotate, thereby completing the recovery of energy in the liquid, and finally the medium after work is discharged from the liquid outlet 105 of the impeller 105 and is finally discharged from the discharge port (not shown) arranged on the shell 101. In actual production, the shape of the guide vane portion 109 can be set as the guide flow shape commonly used in the art to reduce the liquid flow resistance and facilitate the guide flow. In addition, since the guide vane portions 109 are uniformly distributed around the impeller 105, the balance of the radial force of the impeller 105 can be achieved, so that the outer shell 101 can adopt a single flow channel design, which is conducive to reducing the casting difficulty and cost of the variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine in the embodiment. Here, the structure of the impeller 105 can adopt the impeller structure technology of the existing centrifugal pump, that is, it can be understood that the liquid inlet port 1051 of the impeller 105 in the application is the throw-out port of the impeller 105 when used in the centrifugal pump, and the liquid outlet 1052 of the impeller 105 in the application is the suction port of the impeller 105 when used in the centrifugal pump; the bearing body 107 can also adopt the existing centrifugal pump technology, that is, the bearing body 107 connected to the first and second ends of the main shaft 106 can form a stable support for the main shaft 106, which will not be described here.

[0038] According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, in the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split provided in the embodiment, the liquid inlet flow channel 102 arranged on the shell 101 needs to be communicated with the liquid inlet 1051 of the impeller 105 through the intervals between the adjacent guide vane portions 109 of the guide vane assembly 108. Since the pump cover 103 and the guide vane assembly 108 are detachably connected to the shell 101, when the medium flow changes due to the change of the device process condition, the pump cover 103 can be removed from the shell 101 and the containing cavity 104 can be opened to replace the guide vane assembly 108, so that different guide vane assemblies 108 can be well adapted to different process conditions, which is beneficial to the maximum energy recovery of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment under different conditions, which is much better than the prior art.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The guide vane assembly 108 further comprises a front end cover portion 110 and a rear end cover portion 111 arranged at intervals, and the guide vane portions 109 are arranged between the front end cover portion 110 and the rear end cover portion 111; the front end cover portion 110 abuts against the shell 101, and the rear end cover portion 111 abuts against the pump cover 103. According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, the front end cover portion 110 abutting against the shell 101 and the rear end cover portion 111 abutting against the pump cover 103 can make the guide vane portions 109 arranged between the front end cover portion 110 and the rear end cover portion 111 have better structural stability during the liquid energy recovery process, which is beneficial to further improve the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The guide vane assembly 108 further comprises a fastening bolt 112; the fastening bolt 112 passes through the rear end cover portion 111, the guide vane portion 109 and the front end cover portion 110 in sequence and is threadedly connected with the shell 101. According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, the fastening bolt 112 passing through the rear end cover portion 111, the guide vane portion 109 and the front end cover portion 110 in sequence not only facilitates the disassembly of the guide vane assembly 108, but also firmly fastens the rear end cover portion 111, the guide vane portion 109 and the front end cover portion 110 on the shell 101 without affecting the fluid passing between the guide vane portions 109, which is beneficial to further improve the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the guide vane part 109 and the front end cover part 110 are arranged as an integral structure, and the rear end cover part 111 is detachably connected with the guide vane part 109. According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, the detachable connection between the rear end cover part 111 and the guide vane part 109 can make the rear end cover part 111 be commonly used for guide vane assemblies 108 of different models, which not only helps to improve the replacement efficiency of the guide vane assembly 108 of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment, but also can significantly reduce the production cost of multiple guide vane assemblies 108. In addition, the front end cover part 110 arranged as an integral structure with the guide vane part 109 can well ensure that the interval distance between adjacent guide vane parts 109 and the deflection angle of the guide vane part 109 relative to the axis direction of the front end cover part 110 meet the preset target value, so as to more effectively guide the medium, and avoid leakage between the guide vane part 109 and the front end cover part 110, which helps to further improve the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment.

[0042] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the shell 101 forms first and second positioning surfaces 113 and 114 arranged at an angle; the front end cover part 110 is formed in a shape adapted to the included angle between the first and second positioning surfaces 113 and 114 and abuts against the first and second positioning surfaces 113 and 114. According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, the first and second positioning surfaces 113 and 114 not only can be used as the positioning structure of the front end cover part 110 to quickly install the guide vane assembly 108 in place, but also can ensure that the front end cover part 110 abutting on the first and second positioning surfaces 113 and 114 maintains better installation position stability, which helps to further improve the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the first positioning surface 113 extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller 105 and also abuts against the rear end cover part 111; the liquid inlet flow passage 102 is arranged between the front end cover part 110 and the rear end cover part 111 close to the port of the accommodating cavity 104. According to the above structure provided in the embodiment, since the front end cover part 110 and the rear end cover part 111 both abut against the first positioning surface 113, and since the liquid inlet flow passage 102 is arranged between the front end cover part 110 and the rear end cover part 111 close to the port of the accommodating cavity 104, a better sealing connection effect can be formed between the guide vane assembly 108 and the shell 101 and the liquid medium can be effectively prevented from escaping between the guide vane assembly 108 and the shell 101, which helps to further improve the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the embodiment.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 4 A sealing ring 115 is arranged between the guide vane assembly 108 and the first positioning surface 113 and / or between the guide vane assembly 108 and the second positioning surface 114. According to the above structure provided in the present embodiment, the sealing ring 115 arranged between the guide vane assembly 108 and the first positioning surface 113 and between the guide vane assembly 108 and the second positioning surface 114 can form a better sealing connection effect between the guide vane assembly 108 and the housing 101, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the present embodiment.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 4 The housing 101 is formed with steps 116 along the axial direction of the main shaft 106; the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split further comprises a metal winding gasket 117 arranged between the steps 116 and the pump cover 103. According to the above structure provided in the present embodiment, the metal winding gasket 117 arranged between the steps 116 and the pump cover 103 can form a better sealing connection effect between the housing 101 and the pump cover 103, which is conducive to further improving the energy recovery efficiency of the single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split in the present embodiment. It should be noted that the metal winding gasket 117 described in the present embodiment is a commonly used sealing gasket in the art, which is usually made of alloy material and soft materials such as graphite, asbestos, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and is spirally wound by alternately overlapping them, which has a good sealing effect and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A single stage double supported hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane radial split, characterized in that, The application relates to a variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine, which comprises a shell (101) forming a liquid inlet flow channel (102), a pump cover (103) detachably connected to the shell (101) and cooperating with the shell (101) to form a containing cavity (104), an impeller (105) arranged in the containing cavity (104) and capable of rotating in the containing cavity (104), a main shaft (106) coaxially connected with the impeller (105) and penetrating through the shell (101) and the pump cover (103), a bearing body (107) coaxially sleeved on the two ends of the main shaft (106) and used for supporting the main shaft (106), and a guide vane assembly (108) arranged in the containing cavity (104) and detachably connected with the shell (101), wherein the guide vane assembly (108) further forms a plurality of guide vane portions (109) concentrically arranged around the impeller (105), the guide vane portions (109) have the same interval, the liquid inlet flow channel (102) is communicated with a liquid inlet port (1051) of the impeller (105) through the interval between the adjacent guide vane portions (109), and the guide vane assembly (108) is used for making the medium in the liquid inlet flow channel (102) impact blades in the impeller (105) in a flow direction defined by the guide vane portions (109).

2. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the guide vane assembly (108) further comprises a front end cover portion (110) and a rear end cover portion (111) arranged at intervals, and the guide vane portions (109) are arranged between the front end cover portion (110) and the rear end cover portion (111); and the front end cover portion (110) abuts against the shell (101), and the rear end cover portion (111) abuts against the pump cover (103).

3. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, wherein: the guide vane assembly (108) further comprises a fastening bolt (112); and the fastening bolt (112) is sequentially threaded through the rear end cover portion (111), the guide vane portions (109) and the front end cover portion (110) and is threadedly connected with the shell (101).

4. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the guide vane portions (109) and the front end cover portion (110) are arranged in an integrated structure, and the rear end cover portion (111) is detachably connected with the guide vane portions (109).

5. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, wherein: the shell (101) forms a first positioning surface (113) and a second positioning surface (114) arranged at an angle; and the front end cover portion (110) is formed in a shape matched to the included angle between the first positioning surface (113) and the second positioning surface (114) and abuts against the first positioning surface (113) and the second positioning surface (114).

6. The variable guide vane radial split single-stage double-support hydraulic turbine according to claim 5, wherein: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The first positioning surface (113) extends along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the impeller (105) and abuts the rear end cover portion (111) thereon; The liquid inlet flow channel (102) is arranged between the front end cover portion (110) and the rear end cover portion (111) near the port of the accommodating cavity (104).

7. The radial split single stage double supported hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane as claimed in claim 6 wherein: A sealing ring (115) is arranged between the guide vane assembly (108) and the first positioning surface (113) and / or between the guide vane assembly (108) and the second positioning surface (114).

8. The radial split single stage double supported hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The housing (101) is formed with a plurality of steps (116) along the axial direction of the main shaft (106); The radial split single stage double supported hydraulic turbine with variable guide vane further comprises a metal winding gasket (117) arranged between the steps (116) and the pump cover (103).

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