Combustion device
By introducing a swirler, igniter, and air inlet structure into the combustion device, the fuel and air supply methods are optimized, solving the problems of starting difficulty and incomplete fuel combustion when using low-temperature working fluids, and achieving efficient fuel utilization and stable high-temperature working fluid output.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422736488.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-11
AI Technical Summary
When low-temperature working fluid is required in existing combustion devices, the fuel concentration is reduced, resulting in increased startup difficulty and incomplete fuel combustion.
Design a combustion device that employs a cyclone separator and igniter structure. Combined with an air inlet, cold air is supplied near the casing outlet to mix with the high-temperature working fluid, thereby reducing the temperature. At the same time, the fuel and air supply method is optimized through auxiliary combustion components and a volute structure to ensure complete combustion of the fuel.
It reduces the difficulty of starting the combustion device, improves fuel utilization, reduces the risk of incomplete combustion, enhances the uniformity of fuel-air mixing, and ensures stable output of high-temperature working fluid.
Smart Images
Figure CN223470197U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of combustion devices, in particular to a combustion device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The combustion device for obtaining high-temperature working medium by combustion is widely used in various metal smelting, boiler equipment and scientific research experiments and other fields.
[0003] In the related art, the combustion device has a fuel pipe and an air pipe, the fuel pipe is used for supplying fuel, the air pipe is used for supplying air, and the fuel and the air are mixed according to a preset ratio to form high-temperature working medium by combustion.
[0004] When the temperature requirement of the high-temperature working medium to be provided is low, the air amount supplied by the air pipe in the related art can only be adjusted to reduce the concentration of the fuel, which not only increases the starting difficulty of the combustion device, but also causes the problem of insufficient fuel combustion.
[0005] Therefore, how to solve the above problems has become a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0006] The present application provides a combustion device to reduce the starting difficulty of the combustion device and improve the utilization rate of the fuel.
[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a combustion device, comprising a shell, a cyclone and an igniter,
[0008] The shell has an inlet and an outlet arranged oppositely,
[0009] The cyclone is arranged at the inlet, and the fuel and the air are supplied into the shell through the cyclone;
[0010] The igniter is arranged in the shell and located downstream of the cyclone, and is used for combusting the fuel and the air to form high-temperature working medium, and the high-temperature working medium is discharged from the outlet;
[0011] The shell is provided with an air inlet near the outlet, and cold air is supplied into the shell through the air inlet and mixed with the high-temperature working medium to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature working medium discharged from the outlet.
[0012] Optionally, in the above combustion device, an auxiliary combustion assembly is further arranged downstream of the inlet, the auxiliary combustion assembly comprises a plurality of fuel pipes and a plurality of primary air pipes, the plurality of fuel pipes and the plurality of primary air pipes are distributed along the circumference of the shell, and the fuel pipes and the primary air pipes are arranged at intervals in the circumference of the shell.
[0013] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the included angle between the fuel pipe and the radial direction of the shell is 30-90°.
[0014] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the fuel pipe is connected to the fuel supply device through a large flow meter, and the primary air pipe is connected to the air blower.
[0015] The swirler is connected to the fuel supply device through a small flow meter, and the swirler is connected to the air blower.
[0016] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the number of auxiliary combustion assemblies along the axial direction of the shell is at least two.
[0017] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the shell has a volute, the outlet of the volute is connected to the air inlet, and the inlet of the volute is provided with an air blower.
[0018] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the volute is arranged along the circumferential direction of the shell, or the volute is arranged on one side of the shell.
[0019] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the included angle between the axial line of the air inlet and the axial line of the shell is 20-75°, and the air outlet position of the air inlet is close to the outlet relative to the air inlet position of the air inlet.
[0020] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the air inlet is provided with a perforated plate for dispersing the cold air.
[0021] Optionally, in the above combustion device, the shell comprises a casing and a flame tube arranged coaxially, one end of the flame tube is located in the casing, the other end of the flame tube is located outside the flame tube, and the outlet is arranged at the end of the flame tube located outside the casing.
[0022] The air inlet is arranged at the end of the flame tube located outside the casing.
[0023] The combustion device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a shell, a swirler and an igniter, the swirler is used for mixing fuel and air, and the igniter is used for igniting the mixed gas of the fuel and the air to form high-temperature working medium. The combustion device is provided with an air inlet at a position close to the outlet of the shell, cold air is supplied into the shell through the air inlet and mixed with the high-temperature working medium to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature working medium discharged from the outlet. The present application sets the position for supplying the cold air used for reducing the temperature of the high-temperature working medium at a position close to the outlet of the shell, the air used for combustion and the cold air are supplied into the shell in two ways and at different positions in the shell, the cold air does not dilute the concentration of the fuel, the difficulty of ignition and the risk of extinguishing after ignition are reduced, and meanwhile, the combustion reaction of the fuel with the air is ensured to be sufficient, and the risk of incomplete combustion of the fuel is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative labor, and the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios according to the provided drawings. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise stated, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structure or operation.
[0025] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the combustion device of the present application.
[0026] The drawings are described as follows:
[0027] 1 - shell; 11 - outlet; 12 - casing; 13 - flame tube; 2 - swirler; 3 - auxiliary combustion assembly; 31 - fuel pipe; 32 - primary air pipe; 4 - volute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related application, but not to limit the application. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0029] It should be noted that only parts related to the application are shown in the drawings for the convenience of description. The embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict, as long as the combined technical features are not contradictory. All feasible combinations of features are the technical contents expressly described herein. Any one of the features included in the same sentence can be applied independently, and does not have to be applied together with other features.
[0030] As indicated in the present application and claims, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise, the words “one”, “an”, “a”, and / or “the” do not specify a singular number, but can also include a plural number. Generally, the terms “comprise” and “include” only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements explicitly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device can also include other steps or elements. The element defined by the phrase “comprising a” does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, product, or device comprising the element.
[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, “ / ” represents or unless otherwise specified, for example, A / B can represent A or B; “and / or” herein only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” means two or more than two.
[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 .
[0033] Some embodiments of the present application disclose a combustion device, comprising a shell 1, a swirler 2, and an igniter, wherein the shell 1 has oppositely arranged inlets and outlets 11, as shown in Figure 1 The inlets and outlets 11 are respectively located at both ends of the axial direction of the shell 1; the inlet of the shell 1 is provided with the swirler 2, and fuel and air are supplied into the shell 1 through the swirler 2, the swirler 2 is used for mixing the fuel and air, and the uniformity of the fuel and air mixing is enhanced; the igniter is used for ignition, so that the mixed fuel and air are combusted to form high-temperature working medium, and the high-temperature working medium is discharged through the outlet 11; the shell 1 is provided with an air inlet near the outlet 11, and cold air is supplied into the shell 1 through the air inlet, mixed with the high-temperature working medium, and the temperature of the high-temperature working medium discharged from the outlet 11 is reduced.
[0034] The combustion device disclosed in the scheme is provided with an air inlet for supplying cold air into the shell 1 at the position of the outlet 11 of the shell 1, the cold air is mixed with the high-temperature working medium formed after combustion, and the cold air exchanges heat with the high-temperature working medium to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature working medium discharged from the outlet 11. The position of the air inlet for supplying the cold air for cooling the high-temperature working medium is arranged close to the position of the outlet 11 of the shell 1, and the air for combustion with the fuel is supplied into the shell 1 at two different positions, and the position of the air inlet is far away from the position of combustion and close to the position of the outlet 11, so that the cold air does not dilute the concentration of the fuel, reduces the difficulty of ignition and the risk of extinguishing after ignition, and ensures that the fuel can fully combust with the air, thereby reducing the risk of incomplete combustion of the fuel.
[0035] As shown in Figure 1 , the air inlet is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the shell 1, and the cold air is supplied into the shell 1 from the circumferential side wall of the shell 1, and there is an included angle between the supply direction of the cold air and the discharge direction of the high-temperature working medium, which helps to enhance the mixing effect of the cold air and the high-temperature working medium.
[0036] The combustion device disclosed in the scheme further comprises an auxiliary combustion assembly 3 arranged downstream of the inlet, and the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 is used for supplying fuel and air into the shell 1. After the igniter ignites the mixed gas entering the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 supplies fuel and air into the shell 1 to combust with the ignited mixed gas.
[0037] In some embodiments, the auxiliary fuel assembly is arranged corresponding to the position of the igniter. The fuel supplied by the auxiliary fuel assembly and the fuel supplied by the cyclone 2 can be the same fuel or different fuels.
[0038] The number of auxiliary fuel assemblies along the axis direction of the shell 1 is at least two.
[0039] When only the mixed gas of air and fuel is supplied into the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, the flow of the high-temperature working medium generated by the combustion device is low, and when the mixed gas of air and fuel is supplied into the shell 1 through the cyclone 2 and the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 at the same time, the flow of the high-temperature working medium generated by the combustion device is high.
[0040] As shown in Figure 1 , the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 comprises a plurality of fuel pipes 31 and a plurality of primary air pipes 32, the plurality of fuel pipes 31 are distributed along the circumference of the shell 1, the plurality of primary air pipes 32 are distributed along the circumference of the shell 1, the fuel pipes 31 and the primary air pipes 32 are arranged at intervals in the circumference of the shell 1, and specifically, there are at least one fuel pipe 31 between two adjacent primary air pipes 32.
[0041] The fuel pipes 31 and the primary air pipes 32 of the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the shell 1, which improves the uniformity of the distribution of the fuel and the air in the shell 1 to some extent and helps the combustion of the fuel.
[0042] The auxiliary combustion assembly 3 is located downstream of the swirler 2 and upstream of the air inlet, and the cold air supplied through the air inlet cools the high-temperature working medium formed by the combustion of the mixed gas of the fuel and the air supplied through the swirler 2 and the auxiliary combustion assembly into the shell 1.
[0043] The cold air supplied through the air inlet only cools the high-temperature working medium and does not participate in the combustion as much as possible.
[0044] In some embodiments, the included angle between the fuel pipes 31 and the primary air pipes 32 and the radial direction of the shell 1 is 30°-60°. Specifically, the fuel supplied through the fuel pipes 31 and the air supplied through the primary air pipes 32 are not blown in the radial direction of the shell 1, but are blown in a direction of 30°-60° with respect to the radial direction of the shell 1, so that the fuel and the air blown into the shell 1 rotate along the circumferential direction of the shell 1, which not only does not reduce the speed of the fuel and the air entering the shell 1, but also helps the mixing of the fuel and the air.
[0045] The plurality of fuel pipes 31 are communicated with the fuel supply device through a fuel main pipe, and the plurality of primary air pipes 32 are communicated with the air fan through an air main pipe. A valve is arranged on each fuel pipe 31 and each primary air pipe 32, which is used to control the on-off and the flow rate of the fuel pipe 31 and the primary air pipe 32, so as to control the amount of the fuel and the air entering the shell 1, and further control the flow rate of the high-temperature working medium. The air fan adjusts the flow rate of the air.
[0046] In some embodiments, the fuel pipes 31 are communicated with the fuel supply device through a large flow meter, and the primary air pipes 32 are communicated with the air fan.
[0047] The swirler 2 is communicated with the fuel supply device through a small flow meter, and the swirler 2 is communicated with the air fan. Specifically, the swirler 2 has a fuel supply pipe communicated with the fuel supply device and an air supply pipe communicated with the air fan. The fuel supply pipe and the air supply pipe are coaxially arranged. The fuel supply pipe is communicated with the fuel supply device through a small flow meter, and the air supply pipe is communicated with the air fan.
[0048] The swirler 2 and the auxiliary combustion assembly 3 can share the fuel supply device, or the fuel supply device can be arranged separately.
[0049] It should be noted that the large flow meter and the small flow meter are both flow measuring instruments, and the measurement ranges of the large flow meter and the small flow meter are different. The measurement range of the large flow meter is large, the caliber of the large flow meter is large, and the large flow meter is suitable for large flow and low measurement accuracy. The measurement range of the small flow meter is small, the caliber of the small flow meter is small, and the small flow meter is suitable for small flow and high measurement accuracy. Alternatively, the measurement ranges of the large flow meter and the small flow meter can overlap.
[0050] The present scheme measures the flow of fuel and air supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2 by the small flow meter, and measures the flow of fuel and air supplied to the shell 1 through the auxiliary fuel assembly by the large flow meter. Alternatively, the small flow meter and the large flow meter are mass flow meters.
[0051] The combustion device disclosed in the present scheme has a two-way fuel and air supply structure, which cooperates with the large flow meter and the small flow meter to enable the combustion device to not only adjust the flow range in the small flow range, but also adjust the flow range in the large flow range, thereby expanding the flow range of the high-temperature working medium.
[0052] When the combustion device is started, only fuel and air are supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, and the small flow meter cooperates with the valve to control the flow of fuel and air to enable the flow of fuel and air to be the flow for safe ignition of the combustion device. After the igniter is ignited, the combustion device starts to burn, and the flow of fuel and air is adjusted after the combustion is stable.
[0053] After the high-temperature working medium supplied by the combustion device meets the demand, the flow of fuel and air supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2 can be adjusted to meet the flow for safe ignition of the combustion device, which is equivalent to retaining a primer. At this time, the flow of the high-temperature working medium output by the combustion device is the smallest. The present scheme precisely adjusts the safe ignition flow of the combustion device by the small flow meter, so that the combustion device can operate at the safe ignition flow, which not only reduces the flow of the high-temperature working medium output by the combustion device, but also enables the combustion device to restore the output of the high-temperature working medium only by increasing the flow of fuel and air supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2 when the output of the high-temperature working medium is required again. The time for the combustion device to restore the output of the high-temperature working medium is shortened, and the combustion device does not need to be shut down compared with the related art.
[0054] The large flow meter cooperates with the valve to adjust the flow of fuel and air supplied to the shell 1 through the auxiliary fuel assembly to meet the measurement requirements of large flow of fuel and air.
[0055] In the low-flow high-temperature mode, fuel and air are supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, and the auxiliary fuel assembly does not supply fuel and air to the shell 1, and the outlet 11 of the combustion device discharges low-flow high-temperature high-temperature working medium.
[0056] In the low-flow low-temperature mode, the fuel and air are supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, the auxiliary fuel assembly does not supply fuel and air to the shell 1, the air inlet supplies cold air to the shell 1, which is mixed with the high-temperature working medium generated by combustion, and the outlet 11 of the combustion device discharges the low-flow low-temperature high-temperature working medium.
[0057] In the high-flow high-temperature mode, the fuel and air are supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, the auxiliary fuel assembly also supplies fuel and air to the shell 1, and the outlet 11 of the combustion device discharges the high-flow high-temperature high-temperature working medium.
[0058] In the high-flow high-temperature mode, the fuel and air are supplied to the shell 1 through the cyclone 2, the auxiliary fuel assembly also supplies fuel and air to the shell 1, and the air inlet supplies cold air to the shell 1, which is mixed with the high-temperature working medium generated by combustion, and the outlet 11 of the combustion device discharges the high-flow low-temperature high-temperature working medium.
[0059] In some embodiments, the shell 1 is sleeved with a volute 4, the inlet of the volute 4 is communicated with the fan, and the outlet 11 of the volute 4 is communicated with the air inlet. After the cold air passes through the volute 4, a rotational flow is generated, the air flow rate is increased, and the mixing effect of the cold air and the high-temperature working medium is enhanced.
[0060] Specifically, the shell 1 has a plurality of air inlets communicated with the outlet 11 of the volute 4, so as to increase the supply amount of cold air and optimize the mixing effect of the cold air and the high-temperature working medium.
[0061] The volute 4 can be arranged along the circumference of the shell 1 or on one side of the shell 1.
[0062] In order to reduce the influence of the cold air on the combustion in the combustion device, the included angle between the axis of the air inlet and the axis of the shell 1 is 20°-75°, the air outlet position of the air inlet is close to the outlet 11 relative to the air inlet position of the air inlet, the inclined direction of the air inlet is towards the outlet 11, and the cold air is sprayed along the discharge direction of the high-temperature working medium, so as to reduce the movement of the cold air towards the inlet direction, increase the contact area of the cold air and the high-temperature working medium, and improve the cooling effect on the high-temperature working medium.
[0063] In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the air inlet is provided with a perforated plate, the perforated plate has a plurality of air inlets communicated with the shell 1, and the perforated plate disperses the cold air, which is helpful for the mixing of the cold air and the high-temperature working medium.
[0064] Optionally, the perforated plate and the air inlet can be movably connected, so as to adjust the angle of the perforated plate and further adjust the air outlet angle of the cold air.
[0065] For example, the perforated plate is provided with a plurality of air inlets, and the air inlets are arranged in a plurality of rows along the circumferential direction of the perforated plate. Figure 1As shown, the shell 1 comprises a casing 12 and a flame tube 13, the swirler 2 and the igniter are arranged in the flame tube 13, the combustion occurs in the flame tube 13, the casing 12 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the fuel supply pipe and the air supply pipe, and mounting holes for mounting the fuel pipe 31 and the primary air pipe 32.
[0066] One end of the flame tube 13 is located in the casing 12, the other end of the flame tube 13 is located outside the casing 12, the part of the flame tube 13 located outside the casing 12 is provided with an air inlet, the volute 4 is arranged at the part of the flame tube 13 located outside the casing 12 and the position of the casing 12 close to the air inlet. The part of the flame tube 13 located outside the casing 12 comprises a cylindrical section and a conical section, one end of the conical section communicates with the cylindrical section, the other end of the conical section is provided with the outlet 11, so as to realize smooth transition between the flame tube 13 and the outlet 11, to prevent the formation of dead zone in the flame tube 13.
[0067] The included angle between the side wall of the conical section and the axis of the conical section is 45°-60°.
[0068] The above description is merely preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used, and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application. The scope of the application involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above application concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features disclosed in the present application (but not limited to) having similar functions to form technical solutions.
Claims
1. A combustion apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises a shell (1), a swirler (2) and an igniter, The shell (1) has oppositely arranged inlet and outlet (11), The swirler (2) is arranged at the inlet, fuel and air are supplied into the shell (1) through the swirler (2); The igniter is arranged in the shell (1) and downstream of the swirler (2) to burn the fuel and air to form high-temperature working medium which is discharged from the outlet (11); The shell (1) is provided with an air inlet near the outlet (11), cold air is supplied into the shell (1) through the air inlet and mixed with the high-temperature working medium to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature working medium discharged from the outlet (11).
2. The combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein It also comprises an auxiliary combustion assembly (3) arranged downstream of the inlet, the auxiliary combustion assembly (3) comprises a plurality of fuel pipes (31) and a plurality of primary air pipes (32), the plurality of fuel pipes (31) and the plurality of primary air pipes (32) are distributed along the circumference of the shell (1), and the fuel pipes (31) and the primary air pipes (32) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the shell (1).
3. The combustion apparatus of claim 2, wherein The included angle between the fuel pipes (31) and the primary air pipes (32) and the radial direction of the shell (1) is 30°-90°.
4. The combustion apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by The fuel pipes (31) are communicated with a fuel supply device through a large flow meter, and the primary air pipes (32) are communicated with a fan; The swirler (2) is communicated with a fuel supply device through a small flow meter, and the swirler (2) is communicated with a fan.
5. The combustion apparatus of claim 2, wherein The number of the auxiliary combustion assemblies (3) along the axial direction of the shell (1) is at least two.
6. The combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The shell (1) is provided with a volute (4), the outlet (11) of the volute (4) is communicated with the air inlet, and the inlet of the volute (4) is provided with a fan.
7. The combustion apparatus of claim 6, wherein The volute (4) is arranged along the circumference of the shell (1); or the volute (4) is arranged on one side of the shell (1).
8. The combustion apparatus of claim 1 or 6, wherein The included angle between the axis of the air inlet and the axis of the shell (1) is 20°-75°, and the air outlet position of the air inlet is close to the outlet (11) relative to the air inlet position of the air inlet.
9. The combustion apparatus of claim 8, wherein The air inlet is provided with a perforated plate for dispersing the cold air.
10. The combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein The shell (1) comprises a casing (12) and a flame tube (13) arranged coaxially, one end of the flame tube (13) is located in the casing (12), the other end of the flame tube (13) is located outside the flame tube (13), and the outlet (11) is arranged at the end of the flame tube (13) located outside the casing (12), The air inlet is arranged at the end of the flame tube (13) located outside the casing (12).