Battery cell thermal runaway testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery cell thermal runaway testing device which comprises a tank body with an opening at the top end, a clamp arranged on the bottom surface of an inner cavity of the tank body, a gas control main valve arranged on the peripheral wall of the tank body, a gas analysis device communicated with one end of the gas control main valve and a gas channel communicated with the other end of the gas control main valve, a first ball valve is arranged between the gas control main valve and the gas analysis equipment, a second ball valve is arranged between the gas control main valve and the gas channel, the gas channel can be communicated with a waste gas discharging mechanism and a vacuumizing mechanism, and a cover plate is arranged at the opening end of the tank body; and a pressure gauge, a temperature data acquisition line, a voltage data acquisition line, a cell heating control line and a protective gas input line are arranged on the surface of the cover plate. The utility model provides a battery cell thermal runaway testing device, which is used for collecting battery cell thermal runaway characteristic parameters, collecting and analyzing battery cell thermal runaway waste gas and waste residues, and providing thermal runaway prevention and control theoretical support for battery cell thermal safety management.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric core test, especially relates to a kind of electric core thermal runaway testing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the lithium ion power battery accident mainly shows that it smokes, fires and explodes due to thermal runaway. When thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of gas will be produced by the chemical reaction inside the battery, which will rush out of the battery safety valve or break through the shell, and then take out the active material inside the battery. As a new thing, electric vehicles are highly expected by people, and once an accident occurs, the public's attention is also high, and the thermal runaway accident will undermine the public's confidence in accepting electric vehicles and hinder the popularization of electric vehicles. Most of the existing thermal runaway tests are mainly open-air tests, and the collection of thermal runaway characteristic parameters is not perfect, and the composition of waste gas and waste residue cannot be collected and analyzed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a kind of electric core thermal runaway testing device, the thermal runaway characteristic parameters of electric core are collected, and the waste gas and waste residue of electric core thermal runaway are collected and analyzed, to provide thermal runaway prevention and control theory support for electric core thermal safety management.

[0004] The utility model discloses a kind of electric core thermal runaway testing device, and the technical scheme adopted is:

[0005] A kind of electric core thermal runaway testing device, including the open top of pot body, the bottom surface of the inner chamber of pot body is equipped with clamp, the outer wall of pot body is equipped with gas control total valve, one end of gas control total valve is communicated with the inner chamber of pot body, gas analysis equipment and gas passage are communicated with the other end of gas control total valve, first ball valve is equipped between gas control total valve and gas analysis equipment, second ball valve is equipped between gas control total valve and gas passage, gas passage can be communicated with waste gas discharge mechanism and vacuumizing mechanism, the open end of pot body is equipped with cover plate, the surface of cover plate is equipped with pressure gauge, temperature data acquisition line, voltage data acquisition line, electric core heating control line and protective gas input line.

[0006] As a preferred scheme, the clamp includes lower clamping plate and upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner chamber of the pot body, the upper clamping plate is located above the lower clamping plate, the top surface of the lower clamping plate is provided with a lower positioning groove, the bottom surface of the upper clamping plate is provided with an upper positioning groove corresponding to the position of the lower positioning groove, the top surface of the upper clamping plate is symmetrically inserted with a limiting bolt, the lower clamping plate is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the position of the limiting bolt, and the limiting bolt is threadedly connected with the limiting hole.

[0007] As a preferred scheme, the lower positioning groove and the upper positioning groove are both arc-shaped.

[0008] As a preferred scheme, the cover plate is rotatably connected with the open end of the tank body through a turnover hinge.

[0009] As a preferred scheme, the circumferential wall of the cover plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of limiting blocks, a sliding groove is formed in the end of the limiting block away from the cover plate, a limiting rod is slidably inserted into the sliding groove, a connecting seat is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the tank body corresponding to the position of the limiting rod, the bottom end of the limiting rod is rotatably connected with the connecting seat, and a knob nut is threadedly sleeved with the top end of the limiting rod, and the bottom end of the knob nut is abuttable with the top surface of the limiting block.

[0010] As a preferred scheme, the outer circumferential wall of the tank body is provided with a safety valve, one end of the safety valve is in communication with the inner cavity of the tank body.

[0011] As a preferred scheme, a bottom plate is further included, the tank body is provided with the top surface of the bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is provided with a moving wheel set.

[0012] As a preferred scheme, the moving wheel set comprises four self-locking universal wheels, and the four self-locking universal wheels are distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0013] The electric core heat runaway testing device has the advantages that: the surface of the electric core is pasted with a heating sheet, a temperature sensor and a voltage line, the electric core is placed in the inner cavity of the tank body and fixed through a clamp, the electric core heating control line is connected with the heating sheet, the temperature data acquisition line is connected with the temperature sensor, the voltage data acquisition line is connected with the voltage line, the cover plate is covered, the first ball valve is closed, the second ball valve is opened, the gas passage is first communicated with the vacuumizing mechanism, vacuumizing operation is performed, nitrogen gas is input into the inner cavity of the tank body through the protection gas input line at the same time, repeated replacement is performed, the interference gas in the inner cavity of the tank body is reduced to the minimum, the gas control master valve is closed, the gas pressure is maintained stable for a period of time, the gas passage is switched to be communicated with the exhaust gas mechanism, the electric core is heated until heat runaway, the pressure change of the electric core during heat runaway is recorded in situ through the pressure gauge, the temperature change of the battery during heat runaway is recorded in situ through the temperature data acquisition line, the voltage change of the electric core during heat runaway is recorded in situ through the voltage data acquisition line, after the temperature and the gas pressure in the inner cavity of the tank body are stable, the gas control master valve is opened, the first ball valve is opened at the same time, the exhaust gas is introduced into the gas analysis equipment for gas component analysis, the remaining gas is discharged in a harmless way through the exhaust gas mechanism, the gas pressure is leveled with the atmospheric pressure, the cover plate is opened to collect the waste slag generated after the heat runaway of the electric core for analysis, finally, the tank body is cleaned, the experiment is completed, the heat runaway characteristic parameters of the electric core can be collected, the heat runaway exhaust gas and waste slag of the electric core can be collected and analyzed, and the heat runaway prevention and control theory support is provided for the heat safety management of the electric core. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the electric core heat runaway testing device.

[0015] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a battery cell thermal runaway testing device clamp.

[0016] 10, tank body; 20, clamp; 21, lower clamp plate; 22, upper clamp plate; 23, limit bolt; 30, gas control master valve; 40, gas analysis equipment; 41, first ball valve; 50, gas passage; 51, second ball valve; 52, exhaust gas discharge mechanism; 53, vacuum pumping mechanism; 60, cover plate; 61, pressure gauge; 62, temperature data acquisition line; 63, voltage data acquisition line; 64, battery cell heating control line; 65, protective gas input line; 66, turnover hinge; 70, limit block; 71, limit rod; 72, connecting seat; 73, knob nut; 80, safety valve; 90, bottom plate; 91, self-locking universal wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The utility model will be further described and explained in combination with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification:

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 A battery cell thermal runaway testing device, comprising a top opening tank body 10, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the tank body 10 is provided with a clamp 20, the outer peripheral wall of the tank body 10 is provided with a gas control master valve 30, one end of the gas control master valve 30 is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body 10, the other end of the gas control master valve 30 is communicated with a gas analysis equipment 40 and a gas passage 50, a first ball valve 41 is arranged between the gas control master valve 30 and the gas analysis equipment 40, a second ball valve 51 is arranged between the gas control master valve 30 and the gas passage 50, the gas passage 50 can be communicated with an exhaust gas discharge mechanism 52 and a vacuum pumping mechanism 53, the opening end of the tank body 10 is provided with a cover plate 60, the surface of the cover plate 60 is provided with a pressure gauge 61, a temperature data acquisition line 62, a voltage data acquisition line 63, a battery cell heating control line 64 and a protective gas input line 65.

[0019] In the above scheme, the surface of the battery cell is pasted with a heating sheet, a temperature sensor and a voltage line, and the battery cell is placed in the inner cavity of the tank body 10 and fixed by the clamp 20. The battery cell heating control line 64 is connected with the heating sheet, the temperature data acquisition line 62 is connected with the temperature sensor, and the voltage data acquisition line 63 is connected with the voltage line. Then, the cover plate 60 is covered, the first ball valve 41 is closed, the second ball valve 51 is opened, the gas passage 50 is first communicated with the vacuumizing mechanism 53, the vacuumizing operation is performed, and nitrogen is input into the inner cavity of the tank body 10 through the protective gas input line 65 at the same time. The nitrogen is repeatedly replaced to ensure that the interference gas in the inner cavity of the tank body 10 is reduced to the minimum. The gas control main valve 30 is closed to maintain a period of time to ensure that the gas pressure is stable. The gas passage 50 is switched to be communicated with the exhaust gas mechanism 52, and the battery cell is heated until thermal runaway. The pressure change of the battery cell during thermal runaway is recorded in situ by the pressure gauge 61. The temperature change of the battery cell during thermal runaway is recorded in situ by the temperature data acquisition line 62. The voltage change of the battery cell during thermal runaway is recorded in situ by the voltage data acquisition line 63. After the temperature and gas pressure in the inner cavity of the tank body 10 are stable, the gas control main valve is opened, and the first ball valve 41 is opened to pass the exhaust gas into the gas analysis equipment 40 for gas component analysis. The remaining gas is discharged harmlessly through the exhaust gas mechanism 52. When the gas pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the cover plate 60 is opened to collect the waste residue generated after the thermal runaway of the battery cell for analysis. Finally, the tank body 10 is cleaned, the experiment is completed, the characteristic parameters of the thermal runaway of the battery cell can be collected, and the waste gas and waste residue generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell can be collected and analyzed, thereby providing theoretical support for the thermal runaway prevention and control of the thermal safety management of the battery cell.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 2 The clamp 20 includes a lower clamping plate 21 and an upper clamping plate 22. The lower clamping plate 21 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the tank body 10. The upper clamping plate 22 is located above the lower clamping plate 21. The top surface of the lower clamping plate 21 is provided with a lower positioning groove. The bottom surface of the upper clamping plate 22 is provided with an upper positioning groove corresponding to the position of the lower positioning groove. The top surface of the upper clamping plate 22 is symmetrically inserted with a limiting bolt 23. The lower clamping plate 21 is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the position of the limiting bolt 23. The limiting bolt 23 is threadedly connected with the limiting hole.

[0021] In the above scheme, the battery cell is placed between the lower positioning groove and the upper positioning groove, and then the upper clamping plate 22 is locked on the lower clamping plate 21 by the limiting bolt 23 to realize fixation. The operation is convenient, and different models of battery cells such as 18650 battery cells, 21700 battery cells or 4680 battery cells can be adapted. In addition, the arc-shaped lower positioning groove and upper positioning groove can be adapted to the peripheral wall of the battery cell to improve the fixing effect.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1The cover plate 60 is rotationally connected to the open end of the tank body 10 through the turnover hinge 66. Further, the peripheral wall of the cover plate 60 is uniformly provided with a plurality of limiting blocks 70, the limiting blocks 70 are provided with a sliding groove at the end away from the cover plate 60, the sliding groove is slidably connected with a limiting rod 71, the outer peripheral wall of the tank body 10 is provided with a connecting seat 72 corresponding to the position of the limiting rod 71, the bottom end of the limiting rod 71 is rotationally connected with the connecting seat 72, and the top end of the limiting rod 71 is threadedly sleeved with a knob nut 73, the bottom end of the knob nut 73 is abuttable with the top surface of the limiting block 70.

[0023] In the above scheme, during the test experiment, the cover plate 60 is capped on the open end of the tank body 10, and at the same time, the limiting rod 71 is locked in the sliding groove of the limiting block 70 through the knob nut 73, so as to realize the fixation of the cover plate 60, prevent the cover plate 60 from being blown off by gas during the experiment, and improve the safety. After the test experiment is completed, the knob nut 73 is loosened, the limiting rod 71 is rotated downward, and the cover plate 60 can be opened. Further, a sealing ring is arranged on the cover plate 60, the sealing connection between the cover plate 60 and the tank body 10 is enhanced through the sealing ring, and the air tightness is improved.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 The outer peripheral wall of the tank body 10 is provided with a safety valve 80, one end of the safety valve 80 is in communication with the inner cavity of the tank body 10.

[0025] In the above scheme, the safety valve 80 can release pressure when the pressure in the tank is too high, so as to avoid danger and improve safety.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 Further, a bottom plate 90 is arranged, the tank body 10 is provided with the top surface of the bottom plate 90, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 90 is provided with a moving wheel set. Specifically, the moving wheel set includes four self-locking universal wheels 91, and the four self-locking universal wheels 91 are distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0027] In the above scheme, the tank body 10 is placed on the bottom plate 90, and the mobility can be improved through the moving wheel set, so as to facilitate the movement.

[0028] The utility model provides a kind of electric core thermal runaway testing device, heating sheet is pasted on the surface of electric core, temperature sensor and voltage line, it is placed in the inner cavity of jar body, is fixed by clamp, electric core heating control line is connected with heating sheet, temperature data acquisition line is connected with temperature sensor, voltage data acquisition line is connected with voltage line, cover cover plate again, close first ball valve, open second ball valve, gas passage is communicated with vacuumizing mechanism first, carries out vacuumizing operation, nitrogen is inputted to the inner cavity of jar body by protection gas input line simultaneously, repeatedly replaces, ensure that the interference gas in the inner cavity of jar body is reduced to minimum, close gas control total valve, maintain a period of time to ensure that gas pressure is stable, gas passage is switched to and exhaust gas mechanism is communicated, start heating electric core until thermal runaway, the pressure change during electric core thermal runaway is recorded in situ by pressure gauge, temperature data acquisition line records the temperature change during battery thermal runaway in situ, voltage data acquisition line records the voltage change during electric core thermal runaway in situ, after the temperature and gas pressure in the inner cavity of jar body are stable, open gas control total valve, open first ball valve simultaneously and pass waste gas into gas analysis equipment to carry out gas composition analysis, remaining gas is discharged by exhaust gas mechanism, when its gas pressure is flat with atmospheric pressure, open cover plate and collect the waste residue generated after electric core thermal runaway to carry out analysis, finally clean jar body, complete experiment, can be collected to the characteristic parameter of electric core thermal runaway, and electric core thermal runaway waste gas residue is analyzed, provide thermal runaway prevention and control theory support for electric core thermal safety management.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the utility model can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model.

Claims

1. An electric cell thermal runaway test device, characterized in that, The application relates to a tank body with a top opening, wherein the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the tank body is provided with a clamp, the outer peripheral wall of the tank body is provided with a gas control master valve, one end of the gas control master valve is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body, the other end of the gas control master valve is communicated with a gas analysis device and a gas channel, a first ball valve is arranged between the gas control master valve and the gas analysis device, a second ball valve is arranged between the gas control master valve and the gas channel, the gas channel can be communicated with a waste gas discharge mechanism and a vacuum pumping mechanism, the opening end of the tank body is provided with a cover plate, the surface of the cover plate is provided with a pressure gauge, a temperature data acquisition line, a voltage data acquisition line, a battery heating control line and a protective gas input line.

2. The cell thermal runaway test device of claim 1, wherein, The clamp comprises a lower clamp plate and an upper clamp plate, the lower clamp plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the tank body, the upper clamp plate is arranged above the lower clamp plate, the top surface of the lower clamp plate is provided with a lower positioning groove, the bottom surface of the upper clamp plate is provided with an upper positioning groove corresponding to the position of the lower positioning groove, the top surface of the upper clamp plate is symmetrically inserted with a limiting bolt, the lower clamp plate is provided with a limiting screw hole corresponding to the position of the limiting bolt, and the limiting bolt is threadedly connected with the limiting screw hole.

3. The cell thermal runaway test device of claim 2, wherein, The lower positioning groove and the upper positioning groove are both arc-shaped.

4. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 1, wherein, The cover plate is rotationally connected with the opening end of the tank body through a turnover hinge.

5. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 4, wherein, The peripheral wall of the cover plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of limiting blocks, the end, away from the cover plate, of the limiting block is provided with a sliding groove, a limiting rod is slidingly inserted into the sliding groove, the outer peripheral wall of the tank body is provided with a connecting seat corresponding to the position of the limiting rod, the bottom end of the limiting rod is rotationally connected with the connecting seat, a knob nut is threadedly sleeved with the top end of the limiting rod, and the bottom end of the knob nut can abut against the top surface of the limiting block.

6. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 1, wherein, The outer peripheral wall of the tank body is provided with a safety valve, one end of the safety valve is communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body.

7. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 1, wherein, The application further relates to a bottom plate, the top surface of the tank body is provided with the bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is provided with a moving wheel set.

8. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 7, wherein, The moving wheel set comprises four self-locking universal wheels, and the four self-locking universal wheels are distributed in a rectangular shape.

Images