High-precision mechanical encoder multi-circle module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical encoders, in particular to a high-precision mechanical encoder multi-ring module, which comprises a shell and a hollow shaft of a hollow shaft type encoder, a central tooth fastening nut, a top gasket and a bottom gasket. The hollow shaft is a central tooth fastening shaft and is formed by fixedly connecting a lock head section, a screw section, a top fixing section, a gear section and a conventional pipe section in sequence; one end of the hollow shaft penetrates through the center tooth fastening nut and is connected with a thread formed in an inner ring of the bottom end of the center tooth fastening nut through a screw section. In the central through hole of the shell, a central tooth fastening nut is clamped with a top surface through hole clamping groove through a top surface gasket; and the gear section is clamped with the bottom surface through hole clamping groove through a bottom surface gasket. According to the utility model, the applied photoelectric or magnetoelectric single-turn encoder can be assembled into the multi-turn encoder, and the multi-turn precision is improved to + / -0.01 degrees compared with the traditional multi-turn encoder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical encoder technology, specifically to a high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, application fields are placing increasingly higher demands on encoders. Traditional encoders consist of an encoder body, an encoder spindle, and two bearings. Assembling these components into a single mechanical assembly results in an overly complex structure and cumbersome installation. The spindle is commonly mounted using a set screw type, with the set screw hole located on the axial end face of the spindle's outer surface. However, any machining of components will introduce tolerances, leading to significant cumulative errors in component assembly. This makes it difficult to guarantee the radial and axial runout accuracy, high load-bearing capacity, high stability, and long service life of the spindle during rotation.

[0003] Furthermore, considering the influence of application scenarios and actual needs, how to maintain the structural simplicity of a single-turn encoder while achieving multi-turn positioning has become a research and development trend, encompassing four main directions: electronic, mechanical, magneto-electric, and dedicated transmission structures. Specifically, taking the mechanical type as an example: Chinese patent CN2685827Y proposes a device for converting an absolute single-turn photoelectric encoder into an absolute multi-turn photoelectric encoder. This technical solution modifies the components by adding two sets of couplings, a gear shaft consisting of a small gear and a large gear, and a potentiometer. The transmission logic is: single-turn encoder output shaft → coupling → small gear → gear set reduction → large gear → potentiometer shaft; the potentiometer converts the number of turns signal after gear reduction into an analog voltage output, achieving multi-turn measurement. Disadvantages: gear wear leads to decreased accuracy, lifespan is approximately 2 years, and regular maintenance is required. Chinese patent CN217930339U proposes a transmission structure for a single-turn encoder, adding components such as a three-stage gearbox with a combined reduction ratio of 1:27 and an L-shaped mounting component. Workflow: The valve opening shaft drives a first-stage pinion with a 1:3 gear ratio, which in turn drives a single-turn encoder shaft after a third-stage reduction. For every 27 rotations of the valve, the encoder rotates once, improving accuracy to ±0.1°. Disadvantages: Short lifespan, limiting application scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to propose a novel mechanical improvement structure to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, thereby providing a high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module.

[0006] A high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module includes: a housing and a hollow shaft of a hollow shaft encoder, and also includes a center tooth fastening nut, a top washer and a bottom washer;

[0007] The hollow shaft is a center tooth fastening shaft, which is composed of a lock head section, a screw section, a top fastening section, a gear section, and a conventional pipe section that are sequentially fastened together.

[0008] One end of the hollow shaft passes through the center tooth fastening nut and is connected to the inner ring of the bottom end of the center tooth fastening nut by a screw section;

[0009] The top washer and the bottom washer are respectively placed on the top through hole slot and the bottom through hole slot opened at the top through hole and the bottom through hole of the housing;

[0010] Inside the central through hole of the housing: the central tooth fastening nut is engaged with the top through hole groove by a top washer; the gear segment is engaged with the bottom through hole groove by a bottom washer, and the gear segment is connected to the gear set of the hollow shaft encoder.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the screw section + the height of the locking head section = the height of the center tooth fastening nut;

[0012] The height of the housing when the center tooth fastening shaft and the center tooth fastening nut are locked is equal to the height of the housing.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the lock head section has several slots, and the other end is fixedly connected to the screw section.

[0014] Preferably, the housing, hollow shaft, and center tooth fastening nut are all made of PEEK material.

[0015] The technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] In practical applications, high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn modules can assemble photoelectric or magnetoelectric single-turn encoders into multi-turn encoders, improving multi-turn accuracy to ±0.01° compared to the traditional ±0.1° accuracy. The size is also reduced by 30% compared to traditional designs. Installation is convenient, suitable for mass production; no external power supply is required, it is resistant to electromagnetic interference, and suitable for harsh industrial environments; it is stable, reliable, and has a long lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 Example diagram of an existing encoder;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking method of the multi-turn module of the high-precision mechanical encoder of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the center tooth fastening nut;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a hollow shaft structure;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1-Hollow shaft; 11-Lock head section; 110-Slot; 12-Screw section; 13-Top fixing section; 14-Gear section; 15-Regular pipe section; 2-Center tooth fastening nut; 3-Housing shell; 31-Top cover; 3111-First vertical inner tube wall; 3112-Ring component; 32-Lower shell; 321-Second vertical inner tube wall; 4-Top surface washer; 5-Bottom surface washer; 6-Bolt; 61-Bolt through hole; 62-Bolt through hole tube wall; 63-Locking through hole; 64-Locking through hole tube wall; 65-Locking groove; 7-Nut; 8-Wrench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] First, it should be noted that all existing encoders, whether hollow or solid shaft type, have a clear structural feature: the main shaft and adapter structure are protruding. For example... Figure 1 One example is the encoder described in the text; another example is the existing hollow shaft encoder, where some high-cost hollow shaft encoders employ multiple sealing structures to achieve complete sealing. For instance, Dynapur's HS20 series sealed hollow shaft encoders completely isolate the shaft pairs at both ends from the external environment, achieving a NEMA4 / IP55 protection rating, effectively preventing dust and liquid ingress. Technical implementation involves setting multiple sealing elements between the hollow shaft and the encoder housing, such as skeleton oil seals and lip seals, and using structures like protective covers, first sealing rings, and second sealing rings for a sealed insertion fit. Additionally, a sealing mechanism can be established between the hollow shaft and the protective cover. The sealing ring is shaped, and a grease injection pipe is set on the top of the protective cover to inject grease, which greatly improves the sealing performance and achieves a complete seal. Disadvantages: high cost, complex structure, and inconvenient assembly.

[0032] Therefore, this embodiment discloses a high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module, which enables the applied encoder to achieve technical effects such as sealing, size reduction, and high precision;

[0033] like Figure 2-6 The high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module shown includes: a housing 3 and a hollow shaft 1 of a hollow shaft encoder, a center tooth fastening nut 2, a top washer 4 and a bottom washer 5; it should be noted that when actually assembled into an encoder, the housing 3 also contains other components constituting the encoder, including but not limited to gear sets, friction pairs, etc.

[0034] Hollow shaft 1 is a center gear fastening shaft, which is composed of lock head section 11, screw section 12, top fastening section 13, gear section 14 and conventional pipe section 15 connected in sequence;

[0035] One end of the hollow shaft 1 passes through the center tooth fastening nut 2 and is connected to the threaded inner ring at the bottom end of the center tooth fastening nut 2 through the screw section 12;

[0036] The top washer 4 and the bottom washer 5 are respectively placed on the top through hole slot and the bottom through hole slot opened at the top through hole and the bottom through hole of the housing 3;

[0037] Inside the central through hole of housing 3: the central tooth fastening nut 2 is engaged with the top through hole groove by the top washer 4; the gear segment 14 is engaged with the bottom through hole groove by the bottom washer 5, and the gear segment 14 is connected to the gear set of the hollow shaft encoder.

[0038] The height of screw section 12 + the height of lock head section 11 = the height of center tooth fastening nut 2;

[0039] The height of the center tooth fastening shaft and the center tooth fastening nut 2 in the locked state is equal to the height of the housing 3.

[0040] The lock head section 11 has several slots 110 at one end and is fixedly connected to the screw section 12 at the other end.

[0041] The housing 3, hollow shaft 1, and center tooth fastening nut 2 are all made of PEEK material.

[0042] Specifically:

[0043] In this embodiment, the housing 3 is formed by a top cover 31 and a lower cover 32 fixedly connected together;

[0044] The top cover 31 includes a top surface through-hole slot and an annular top cover body; the top surface through-hole slot includes a first vertical inner tube wall 3111 and an annular component 3112; the inner diameter of the first vertical inner tube wall 3111 is the same as the diameter of the top surface through-hole, so that the top end of the first vertical inner tube wall 3111 is connected to the lower surface of the top cover body; the outer diameter of the annular component 3112 is equal to the inner diameter of the first vertical inner tube wall 3111; the outer ring of the annular component 3112 is fixedly connected to the inner ring at the bottom end of the first vertical inner tube wall 3111.

[0045] The top washer 4 is placed on the annular component 3112, and the ring width of the top washer 4 = the outer edge width of the center tooth fastening nut 2 > the ring width of the top annular component 3112.

[0046] The lower shell 32 includes: a tubular sidewall, a base, and a second vertical inner tube wall 321;

[0047] The thickness of the tubular sidewall is adapted to the outer edge size of the top cover, and one end of the tubular sidewall is engaged with the outer edge of the top cover, while the other end is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the base. A bolt through hole 61 is provided on the top cover, and a bolt through hole tube wall 62 is provided inside the housing 3. A corresponding locking through hole 63 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower housing 32, and a locking through hole tube wall 64 is provided inside the housing 3. A locking groove 65 is further provided at the locking through hole 63. During actual assembly: the bolt 6 passes through the bolt through hole 61, the bolt through hole tube wall 62, the locking through hole tube wall 64, and the locking groove 65 in sequence. The bolt 6 cooperates with the nut 7 placed in the locking groove 65 to fix the top cover and the lower housing 32 together. The engagement between the sidewall of the lower housing 32 and the outer edge of the top cover is further sealed.

[0048] The inner diameter of the second vertical inner tube wall 321 = the outer diameter of the bottom washer 5 > the outer diameter of the gear segment 14;

[0049] The inner diameter of the bottom washer 5 = the outer diameter of the conventional pipe section 15 < the outer diameter of the gear section 14;

[0050] Inside the housing 3: the second vertical inner tube wall 321 is coaxial with the base and is fixedly connected to the base to form a bottom through hole groove; the ring width of the bottom washer 5 is adapted to the inner radius of the second vertical inner tube wall 321 minus the radius of the bottom through hole.

[0051] In this embodiment, the number of slots 110 in the locking head section 11 is specifically 3. In actual application: the protruding part on the wrench 8 is inserted into the slot 110, and the hollow shaft 1 that is engaged with the wrench 8 is rotated by rotating the wrench 8. Furthermore, based on the threaded connection between the screw section 12 of the hollow shaft 1 and the inner ring of the center tooth fastening nut 2, a self-centering shaft-type locking is achieved.

[0052] This embodiment of the high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module adopts an integral sealed structure: a convenient and high-precision installation structure; and currently there is no dedicated enclosed module for encoders, which will improve the cost-effectiveness of designing, manufacturing, and upgrading to multi-turn encoders. In application, it is equipped with 0.2 small module precision gears and optimized involute-circular arc composite tooth profiles, thereby achieving high dimensional stability and highly reliable counting results. During manufacturing, PEEK is used, and wear-resistant coatings are added to each friction pair, which greatly improves the allowable speed, lifespan, and resistance to high and low temperatures; the locking method is a self-centering shaft-type locking, implemented with a special wrench 8. This facilitates installation and debugging while achieving high coaxiality, thus ensuring accuracy. Multi-turn counting: The counting action is linked to the encoder zero-point signal, ensuring synchronous calibration of multi-turn counting after each reset. When the main shaft rotates, the speed is further reduced through the gear set and transmitted to the counting modules of the encoder. During assembly, the hollow shaft 1 and the center tooth fixing nut 7 are directly installed for shaft system fixation and locking, the bolts 6 are tightened, and the cables are connected.

[0053] Parameters: Reduction ratio: Total reduction ratio 1:4096; up to 65536; Maximum number of counts: 4096, which can be extended to 65536 by increasing the number of gear teeth; Operating temperature range: -45℃~120℃.

[0054] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module, comprising: The housing (3) and hollow shaft (1) of the hollow shaft encoder are characterized in that they further include a center tooth fastening nut (2), a top washer (4) and a bottom washer (5). The hollow shaft (1) is a center tooth fastening shaft, which is composed of a lock head section (11), a screw section (12), a top fastening section (13), a gear section (14), and a conventional pipe section (15) connected in sequence. One end of the hollow shaft (1) passes through the center tooth fastening nut (2) and is connected to the threaded inner ring of the bottom end of the center tooth fastening nut (2) through the screw section (12); The top washer (4) and the bottom washer (5) are respectively placed on the top through hole slot and the bottom through hole slot opened at the top through hole and the bottom through hole of the housing (3); Inside the central through hole of the housing (3): the central tooth fastening nut (2) is engaged with the top through hole groove by the top washer (4); the gear segment (14) is engaged with the bottom through hole groove by the bottom washer (5), and the gear segment (14) is connected to the gear set of the hollow shaft encoder.

2. The high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the screw section (12) + the height of the locking head section (11) = the height of the center tooth fastening nut (2); The height of the center tooth fastening shaft and the center tooth fastening nut (2) in the locked state is equal to the height of the housing (3).

3. The high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lock head section (11) has several slots (110) at one end and is fixedly connected to the screw section (12) at the other end.

4. A high-precision mechanical encoder multi-turn module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (3), hollow shaft (1) and center tooth fastening nut (2) are all made of PEEK material.

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