Modular energy system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of field power supply, and relates to a modularized energy system, which comprises a battery box and an integrated clamping seat connected with the battery box, the battery box is connected with an alternating current / direct current dual-purpose charger, and the battery box is charged through a charging cable. A protection circuit is arranged in the battery box to realize discharge protection of a battery pack, a control circuit controls a power conversion circuit, and a self-adaptive module outputs a voltage of 3V-16.8 V according to information of an output interface and can charge two batteries in a spectrum at the same time. The charging function of each module of the charger is integrated, and the charger is matched and unified with a power utilization interface of a power utilization module, is suitable for charging modules such as a combined battery box, an information terminal / digital control wristwatch, a communication terminal and the like and a standard secondary lithium battery, and supports a quick charging function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of field power supply technology and relates to a modular energy system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, field squads primarily rely on portable power supplies for power supply, which offers limited power availability and, most importantly, cannot be recharged, thus restricting their use. Furthermore, existing portable power supplies mainly employ an integrated, one-piece structure. While compact, this requires disassembly for portability, maintenance, and testing, demanding high technical skills from maintenance personnel and failing to meet the convenience requirements of field environments.

[0003] In view of the above, this utility model is hereby proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a modular energy system that is beneficial to improving the maintainability, interchangeability and reliability of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] On one hand, this utility model provides a modular energy system, including a battery box and an integrated socket connected to the battery box. The battery box is connected to an AC / DC dual-purpose charger, and the battery box is charged via a charging cable. The battery box contains:

[0007] The battery pack is charged / discharged via a first constant current and constant voltage power supply module through a first interface; the first constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the PD interface circuit.

[0008] The control circuit includes a switch and display circuit, a microcontroller, and a power control circuit connected in sequence. The microcontroller is connected to a voltage / current detection circuit and a communication circuit. The power control circuit is also connected to a second constant current and constant voltage power supply module. The communication circuit is also connected to an integrated card slot. The second constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the integrated card slot and the battery pack to be charged.

[0009] A cell reverse protection circuit is used to provide reverse protection for the battery pack.

[0010] Specifically, the battery box has multiple accommodating cavities for installing battery packs. Multiple batteries are installed in parallel in each cavity, and the battery packs in adjacent accommodating cavities are connected in series.

[0011] Specifically, the first interface is exposed at one end of the housing.

[0012] Specifically, one end of the housing is also provided with a second interface, which is disposed opposite to the first interface.

[0013] Specifically, when the battery pack needs to be charged, the power source can be any one of photovoltaic modules, mains power, hand-cranked generator, or car battery.

[0014] Specifically, the integrated card slot has multiple channels built-in to accommodate different devices to be charged.

[0015] Specifically, the integrated card slot uses a plastic housing, and the circuit board inside the integrated card slot is made using a potting process.

[0016] Specifically, the AC / DC dual-use charger includes an input interface and an output interface. The input interface can realize AC 200V mains power and vehicle DC input; the output interface includes different interfaces adapted to various devices.

[0017] Specifically, the input interface uses a DC input socket JX-DC-4KZ and an AC input socket JX-AC-3JT, and the output interface uses a 9-pin socket adapted to the battery box.

[0018] Specifically, various devices include battery boxes, information terminals, digital control watches, communication terminals, or batteries.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In this invention, the PD interface circuit charges the battery box through the first interface, or discharges the battery box to devices such as mobile phones that support the PD protocol. The charging power and voltage both meet the requirements of the PD protocol. The control circuit can control the power on and off of the battery box and monitor the relevant data fed back by the voltage / current detection circuit in real time, thereby effectively protecting the battery pack in a safe working state. The card slot integrates multiple channels, which can charge multiple batteries or supply power to devices simultaneously. The detection circuit inside the card slot can collect the detected voltage, current and other information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts the voltage or current according to the set charging and output conditions to achieve output management, and displays the working status of the card slot through the display circuit to achieve human-computer interaction.

[0021] The power system provided by this utility model includes a battery box and a charger. The battery box has a built-in protection circuit to protect the battery pack from discharge. The control circuit controls the power conversion circuit, and the adaptive module outputs a voltage of 3V to 16.8V according to the output interface information, capable of charging two batteries within the same product line simultaneously. The charger integrates the charging functions of each module and is compatible with the power interface of the power-consuming module. It is suitable for charging modules such as combined battery boxes, information terminals / digital control watches, and communication terminals, as well as standard rechargeable lithium batteries, and supports fast charging. The battery box consists of battery cells, a charge / discharge protection circuit (first constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit), a power detection and display module, a power switch, an output adapter circuit (second constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit), and connecting cables. It has functions such as power output, charging, and power indication. It is compatible with the power interface of the power-consuming module, supports AC 220V mains power and vehicle DC input, and has a wide voltage input function (AC90~265V). Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this invention.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the battery box provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 A block diagram illustrating the working principle of the battery box provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the reverse protection circuit for the battery cell in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the voltage / current detection circuit provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the power control circuit provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the PD interface circuit provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible thin film folding component structure provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8This is a structural diagram of the combined battery box provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 The integrated card holder structure diagram provided by this utility model;

[0033] Figure 10 The working principle diagram of the integrated card slot provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the AC / DC dual-purpose charger provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 12 A circuit connection block diagram of the AC / DC dual-purpose charger provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 13 A block diagram of the constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit for the AC / DC dual-purpose charger provided by this utility model;

[0037] Figure 14 A block diagram of the control circuit connection for the AC / DC dual-purpose charger provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 15 A connection block diagram of the AC / DC dual-purpose charger provided by this utility model when connecting to different charging devices;

[0039] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the modular energy system provided by this utility model;

[0040] Figure 17 This utility model provides a flowchart for charging electrical equipment using a modular energy system. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this invention. Rather, they are merely examples consistent with some aspects of this invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See Figure 16As shown, this embodiment provides a modular energy system, including a battery box and an integrated socket connected to the battery box. The battery box is connected to an AC / DC dual-purpose charger, and the battery box is charged via a charging cable. The battery box contains:

[0045] The battery pack is charged / discharged via a first constant current and constant voltage power supply module through a first interface; the first constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the PD interface circuit.

[0046] The control circuit includes a switch and display circuit, a microcontroller, and a power control circuit connected in sequence. The microcontroller is connected to a voltage / current detection circuit and a communication circuit. The power control circuit is also connected to a second constant current and constant voltage power supply module.

[0047] The communication circuit is connected to the integrated card slot, and the second constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the integrated card slot and the battery pack to be charged, respectively.

[0048] A cell reverse protection circuit is used to provide reverse protection for the battery pack.

[0049] Specifically, the battery box has multiple pre-reserved cavities for installing battery packs. Multiple batteries are installed in parallel within each cavity, and battery packs in adjacent cavities are connected in series. Optionally, in this embodiment, each battery box has three pre-reserved cavities, and two batteries are installed in parallel within each cavity, meaning each battery box can hold six batteries. Each battery can be independently removed and replaced, using a 3-series, 2-parallel configuration. It also has the function of not completely losing system power supply even if a cell is partially damaged. See the battery box structure section below. Figure 1 .

[0050] Specifically, based on the functional requirements of the battery box, the battery box adopts a filling-type structure, with built-in PD interface circuit, control circuit, voltage / current detection circuit, and cell reverse protection circuit. The PD interface circuit is used to charge the six built-in batteries and adapt to the PD protocol output; the control circuit is used to control the battery box's switch, adapter output, and power indicator, etc. The adapter output can be connected to a compatible battery box via a card slot to complete charging management; the cell reverse protection circuit protects the battery box. See the battery box working principle block diagram for details. Figure 2 .

[0051] Among them, ① the reverse polarity protection circuit for battery cells ensures that the cells are not damaged when connected in reverse. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3The reverse polarity protection circuit uses hardware switches to achieve reverse polarity protection. Taking the B1 battery pack as an example, when the battery is installed normally, Q1 and Q7 are on, Q4 and Q10 are on, and the negative terminal is conductive; when the battery is installed in reverse, Q1 and Q7 are off, Q4 and Q10 are off, and the negative terminal is not conductive, thus achieving the reverse polarity protection function. ② The voltage / current detection circuit is used to detect the battery voltage, current, and temperature data, and controls the charging or discharging action of the battery based on the above data information. Its principle block diagram can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 ③ Control circuit: Used to control the power on / off of the system. It employs a soft-switching mechanism; the switch does not directly control the on / off state but uses software detection. When button SW1 is pressed, the microcontroller detects that Switch_PA8 is pulled low, and Q24 is turned on. The button remains on until it is released. During this period, the microcontroller pin MPC_PA7 is high, driving Q24 to remain on, ensuring that the switch circuit remains on even after the button is released. To power off, the button is pressed again. The microcontroller determines the action to be taken by detecting the duration the Switch_PA8 pin is pulled low. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 ④ The PD interface circuit is used to charge the battery box through the first interface (Type-C interface) or to discharge mobile phones and other devices with PD protocol through the battery box. The charging power and voltage meet the requirements of the PD3.0 protocol. See the schematic diagram below. Figure 6 .

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, combined with the battery box hardware structure, the built-in software of the battery box includes battery protection, switch control, and intelligent charging management. Battery protection adopts a mature software solution, including temperature, voltage, and current detection. The current battery level and operating status are calculated by integrating these data. For switch control, the microcontroller detects the duration the button is pressed to determine the power on / off state. The intelligent charging management software identifies the connected interface, adjusts the output voltage and current based on the battery information built into the interface, charges the connected battery pack, and displays the charging status. The above software runs on an STC8G2K64S4-36I-LQFP48 microcontroller using the Keil development environment.

[0053] Specifically, the first interface is exposed at one end of the housing, and a second interface is also exposed at one end of the housing, with the second interface positioned opposite the first interface. Based on the battery box's functional requirements, the first interface is a Type-C interface with a 0 connector, and a 9-pin socket is selected to meet power requirements. The interface is located near one end, with a power display prominently displayed on the front.

[0054] Specifically, the other end of the battery box housing is provided with a connecting part for connecting with another battery box. In actual use, the battery box can be divided into two battery boxes, a main battery box and a secondary battery box, which can be used independently or combined through the connecting part (plug-in).

[0055] Specifically, the battery box includes a matching shell and a cover. According to the battery box function and hardware design requirements, the shell is made of plastic, which is beneficial for insulation and weight reduction, while the cover is made of metal, which is beneficial for suppressing deformation and improving strength, and can reduce the overall size without reducing strength.

[0056] Furthermore, the battery compartment has specific filling requirements. It employs a spring and contact mechanism, with the spring for the positive terminal and the contact for the negative terminal, ensuring that the positive terminal of the battery cell is not damaged during filling. Specifically, the battery compartment's dimensions are designed around the 18650 battery, measuring 175mm (length) × 78mm (width) × 28mm (thickness), which is compatible with the magazine mounting system. The battery compartment uses a non-metallic shell for lightweight construction; each compartment, filled with six batteries, weighs approximately 0.45 kg.

[0057] Specifically, when the battery pack needs to be charged, the power source can be any one of photovoltaic modules, mains power, hand-cranked generator, or car battery.

[0058] It should be noted that the photovoltaic module mainly consists of a solar panel, a junction box, cascade cables, output cables, and a fixing cover. The solar panel uses monocrystalline silicon as the power generation chip material, which is pressed together with multiple layers of flexible auxiliary materials to form a lightweight and portable flexible thin-film folded module. The output part uses an IP55 waterproof split junction box, which is connected in series and parallel through cascade cables. Power is supplied to external devices through the output cables, and power is supplied to external loads through the photovoltaic controller built into the cascade module. Simultaneously, multiple modules can be connected in series and parallel through the cascade circuit built into the cascade module to achieve high-power output.

[0059] Specifically, the photovoltaic module is a flexible thin-film folding module. Preferably, the flexible thin-film folding module includes, from top to bottom, an ETFE film, a POE adhesive, a solar panel, a support plate, POE adhesive, and high-strength camouflage fabric. The module surface uses a high-permeability fluorinated ETFE film surface encapsulation material; the support plate is made of lightweight, high-strength aerospace-grade aluminum-magnesium alloy 7075; POE adhesive film replaces the traditional EVA adhesive film as the adhesive; the camouflage fabric is used simultaneously as the outer frame and backing material of the module, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7Further preferably, the flexible thin-film folding component is designed with metal hanging holes on its edges for easy attachment to backpacks, tents, etc.; the flexible thin-film folding component incorporates a sealed, waterproof, multi-functional junction box; the flexible thin-film folding component has eyelets at its corners, and cascaded components are secured together using straps. The photovoltaic panel design adopts a three-stage folding structure, dividing the 50W component into 6 equal parts, with a 20mm spacing between chips and a 15mm distance from the edge. The edge is also designed with a cover, and includes a junction box, cascade cables, and output cables, enabling cascaded output of similar components. It is easy to carry and reliably deploys and retracts.

[0060] Specifically, the AC / DC dual-use charger includes an input interface and an output interface. The input interface can realize AC 200V mains power and vehicle DC input, and has a wide voltage input function (AC90~AC265V). The output interface includes different interfaces adapted to various devices, including modules suitable for charging combined battery boxes, information terminals / digital control watches, communication terminals, etc., as well as standard secondary lithium batteries, and supports fast charging function.

[0061] Furthermore, the AC / DC dual-purpose charger consists of an AC / DC dual-purpose charger main unit, an AC cable, a DC cable, and a charging cable. This charger should have the following functions: battery charging function; voltage regulation output function; status indication function; and short-circuit protection function. After the AC / DC dual-purpose charger is connected to an AC power source, its internal charging circuit automatically executes the output to charge the battery, while simultaneously displaying the current operating status. See the charger's operating principle diagram. Figure 11 For its circuit connection block diagram, please refer to Figure 12 .

[0062] It should be noted that the AC / DC dual-purpose charger has both DC and AC input modes. The DC input mode is compatible with the range of vehicle power supplies, while the AC input mode supports a wide voltage input (AC90~AC265V). It features two independent charging output circuits. The output interface reads battery pack or integrated card slot information to complete charging management and displays the current operating status via indicator lights. The AC / DC dual-purpose charger also incorporates a third constant current / constant voltage power supply circuit and control circuit III.

[0063] ① Third constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit

[0064] The third constant current / constant voltage power supply is directly connected to the integrated card slot to charge the compatible battery pack. Since this third constant current / constant voltage power supply needs to connect to various types of batteries with different charging voltages and currents, it must have the function of arbitrarily adjusting both voltage and current. Based on this, the third constant current / constant voltage power supply is designed with a four-switch mode and a buck-boost control mode. The voltage and current can be adjusted via IPWM0.6 and IPWM0.7, such as... Figure 13 As shown.

[0065] The current regulation calculation requirements are as follows:

[0066] ILIM=(VREF / RILIM1)×(RSS1 / RSNS1)=(1.21V / RILIM1)×(1kΩ / 10mΩ)=(1.21V / RILIM1)×100000.

[0067] The voltage regulation calculation requirements are as follows: VOUT = VFB_REF × (1 + RUP / RDOWN)

[0068] =1.22V×(1+RUP / RDOWN).

[0069] ② Control Circuit III

[0070] Control circuit III includes power programmable control, switch control, power module voltage detection, charging current detection, battery terminal voltage detection, status display, power supply circuit, and 485 interface circuit, such as... Figure 14 As shown. The power supply programmable controllers Iadj and Vadj control the output voltage and current of the third constant current / constant voltage power supply circuit; the switch control CHG_CON controls the on / off state of battery charging; the power module voltage detector MKV_ADC detects whether the programmable voltage meets the charging voltage requirements; the charging current detector CHGI_ADC detects whether the programmable current meets the charging current requirements; the battery terminal voltage detector CHGV_ADC detects the battery charging status; the status display shows the charging capacity, charging status, etc.; the power supply circuit supplies power to the microcontroller; and the 485 interface circuit obtains battery pack information from the integrated card slot, such as... Figure 14 As shown.

[0071] To support the aforementioned hardware and enable its functions, the AC / DC dual-use charger in this embodiment has built-in software, including communication and charging control programs: the communication program transmits the voltage and functions required by the current charging box via an RS485 interface; the charging control program uses a microcontroller to detect the compatible battery information and control the programmable power supply output via a programmable signal, and after adjustment, turns on the switch to control the charging output, charging the connected battery pack and displaying the charging status; the software runs on a GD32F103CBT6 microcontroller using the Keil development environment.

[0072] Specifically, based on the functional and hardware design requirements of the AC / DC dual-purpose charger, a metal casing is chosen to facilitate heat dissipation. The AC / DC dual-purpose charger features charging management and AC power conversion. Heat dissipation primarily addresses the heat generated during AC power conversion and DC charging. The output uses a connector design, employing the standard military-grade DC input socket JX-DC-4KZ and AC input socket JX-AC-3JT. The output uses a 9-pin socket compatible with the power supply box.

[0073] Specifically, see Figure 9 The integrated card slot has multiple built-in channels to adapt to different devices to be charged, and can simultaneously charge multiple battery circuits or power devices. Based on the integrated card slot's function and hardware design requirements, the integrated card slot uses a plastic shell, and the circuit board inside is manufactured using a potting process, which facilitates overall heat dissipation. For the working principle of the integrated card slot, please refer to [link to documentation]. Figure 10 As shown, it has the following functions: a) battery charging function; b) status display function; c) short circuit protection function.

[0074] Furthermore, the integrated card slot incorporates a multi-channel fourth constant current / constant voltage power supply circuit, a communication circuit, and a control circuit IV. The fourth constant current / constant voltage power supply circuit converts the input DC power into a power source capable of charging the compatible battery; the control circuit IV controls the charging process, indicates the operating status via a display circuit, and detects voltage and current via a detection circuit. Specifically:

[0075] ① Fourth constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit

[0076] The fourth constant current and constant voltage power supply circuit converts DC power into a constant current and constant voltage power supply that can charge the battery pack, and controls the output switching through the power management board. The power supply is designed using a buck-boost circuit.

[0077] The charging dock has 7 built-in outputs, and the charging current output power is designed to vary from 5 to 10W according to the characteristics of each battery, with a total power of no more than 50W.

[0078] ② Control Circuit IV

[0079] The integrated card slot has a built-in control circuit IV that controls the power supply to the output through a multi-channel charging control circuit. The detection circuit collects the detected voltage, current and other information and sends it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts the voltage or current according to the set charging and output conditions to achieve output management. The working status of the charging slot is displayed through the display circuit to achieve human-computer interaction.

[0080] To support the aforementioned hardware functions, the integrated card slot in this embodiment incorporates corresponding software. This software primarily consists of a self-test module, serial communication, status detection, button detection, switch control, and status display. The self-test module performs power-on self-tests; serial communication handles program burning and maintenance testing; status detection monitors the constant current / constant voltage power supply and its output voltage and current; switch control controls the charging of the battery pack; and the status display shows the charging slot's operating status and charging level. The software runs on a GD32F103CBT6 microcontroller using the Keil development environment.

[0081] Further, see Figure 15 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a connection block diagram when an AC / DC dual-use charger is connected to different charging devices, including battery boxes, information terminals, digital control watches, communication terminals, or batteries.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Based on Example 1, the difference lies in that the battery box in this example adopts a 6-series, 2-parallel configuration. The battery box includes: a battery pack, a charge / discharge protection circuit, a power detection and display module, a power switch, an output adapter circuit, connecting cables, and other components. The battery pack consists of 12 cells. After the cells and other structural materials are inserted into the casing, a certain pre-tightening force needs to be applied. The specific assembly process is as follows:

[0084] ① Battery Cells: Remove the qualified secondary battery cells and corresponding auxiliary materials. Observe the surface of the battery cells for damage or scratches; observe whether the size of the rigid flame-retardant sheet and cushioning foam are consistent with the design dimensions, and whether there are any damage or scratches on their surfaces. If there are any problems, record them as scrapped and replace them with battery cells and auxiliary materials that meet the requirements. If there are no problems, proceed to the next step.

[0085] ② Pre-treatment: Insulate all battery cells by attaching insulating polyimide tape to the sides of the battery and the connection points between the tabs and the cells. Divide the 12 battery cells and auxiliary materials into two parts, with 6 cells in each part.

[0086] ③ Laser welding: Connect the tabs of the 6 cells in series and use laser welding to weld the tabs to the connecting copper busbar (if the tab welding point does not break under a tensile force of 150N, it is considered qualified). Finally, bring out the main positive and main negative interfaces of the battery pack.

[0087] ④Welding circuit interface: Weld the sub-voltage acquisition lines on the total positive, total negative of the battery pack and the connecting copper bars for sub-voltage acquisition, and weld the acquisition lines to different circuit slave interfaces according to the order of single cells. Then weld the communication connector to the microcontroller interface of the power management to read information such as the temperature and voltage of the battery. The total positive line of the battery pack is connected to the relay. The signal line of the relay is welded to the power management interface. Under the condition of 150N tensile force, the welding point that does not break is regarded as qualified.

[0088] ⑤Insulation treatment: Paste insulating glue at the electrode tabs of the battery cells, coat the welding points with high-temperature insulating glue, insulate the connectors and connection plates with insulating tapes and insulating boards, and at the same time fix and insulate the electrode tabs, connectors and connection plates.

[0089] ⑥Putting into the shell (key process): Put the above-mentioned series-connected modules into the shell and use a self-made pressurizing device to apply pressure. During this process, use a pressure sensor to monitor the pressure of the battery module throughout.

[0090] ⑦Fixing: Fix the load-bearing parts of the power system with screws, and use glue and screws to fix the circuit board on the module.

[0091] ⑧Weight detection: Weigh the power product with an electronic scale. If the weight of the battery pack is less than or equal to 2.2 kg, it is regarded as qualified.

[0092] ⑨Performance detection: Use an Arbin battery tester to conduct performance tests on the power system. In the final product, if the battery pack can discharge 0.5 kWh of electricity, it is qualified.

[0093] In the above battery box, the display function integration includes components such as charge and discharge protection circuits, power detection and display modules, power switches, output adaptation circuits, connection cables, etc., which are mainly realized through the control circuit.

[0094] The control circuit, based on the model of the connected rechargeable battery, obtains the power consumption parameter information, adjusts the DC-DC output voltage and current, and then activates the switching circuit to supply power to the device. The charge / discharge protection circuit (voltage / current monitoring circuit) monitors the battery cell voltage, current, and temperature to protect the battery in a safe operating state. The protection board uses a domestic analog front-end + low-power MCU mode to achieve battery protection and power level reading. Simultaneously, the microcontroller monitors the power level and includes a power indicator to display the remaining power. The DC-DC power supply circuit converts the vehicle's DC power supply into a power output or charging power supply. The control circuit adjusts the DC-DC power output to adapt to various interfaces. The DC-DC power supply circuit uses a 4-switch MOS controlled power supply circuit with constant current and constant voltage control. The voltage and current are controllable and adjustable. It uses the Southchip SC8701 power chip, with an input voltage range of 10V to 40V and an output operating voltage of 5V to 28V. The voltage and current can be adjusted in real time via the IPWM pin.

[0095] In addition, this embodiment also provides a battery box module structure, see [link to documentation]. Figure 8 It consists of multiple detachably connected battery boxes, wherein the battery boxes are some or all of the battery boxes described above, and the multiple battery boxes are connected in series.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] Based on Example 1, this example also provides a modular energy system, the principle block diagram of which can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 16 When using it to charge electrical equipment, see the flowchart below. Figure 17 The power system comprises a battery box, an integrated card slot, an AC / DC dual-purpose charger, and charging cables. The battery box primarily handles energy storage and release; the integrated card slot primarily charges 18650 or 17345 batteries; and the AC / DC dual-purpose charger primarily charges the battery box. The battery box has energy storage and release capabilities and features overvoltage, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection. The integrated card slot has charging functionality, short-circuit protection, and a working status indicator. The AC / DC dual-purpose charger charges the battery box and features short-circuit protection.

[0098] In summary, this embodiment addresses the increasing number of electronic devices and the resulting charging challenges. It focuses on resolving the issues of large size and heavy weight of existing batteries. Following the principles of reliability, stability, portability, ease of use, and sufficient energy, it optimizes the existing "one device, one battery, one charger, one interface" design into a modular energy system of "one charger, multiple devices, multiple batteries, multiple interfaces." This system includes a battery box, an integrated card slot, and a charger (AC / DC dual-use charger). In this power system, the lightweight design of the battery box structure achieves high specific energy requirements for the batteries, with individual batteries achieving a capacity greater than 3Ah. It also features the ability to maintain system power supply even after partial damage to a battery cell. Simultaneously, the battery box incorporates a built-in protection circuit to protect the battery pack from discharge. The control circuit controls the power conversion circuit, and the adaptive module outputs a voltage of 3V to 16.8V based on the output interface information, enabling simultaneous charging of two batteries within the same product line. The charger (AC / DC dual-use charger) integrates the charging functions of all modules and is suitable for charging modular battery boxes, information terminals / digital control watches, communication terminals, and standard rechargeable lithium batteries, supporting fast charging. It is important to emphasize that, in order to be compatible with the power interface of the power module, the battery box consists of battery cells, charge and discharge protection circuit, power detection and display module, power switch, output adapter circuit, connecting cables and other components. It has functions such as power output, charging and power indication, and is compatible with the power interface of the power module. It supports AC 220V mains power and vehicle DC input, and has a wide voltage input function (AC90V~AC265V).

[0099] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model.

[0100] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular energy system, characterized in that, The system includes a battery compartment and an integrated card slot connected to the battery compartment. The battery compartment is connected to an AC / DC dual-use charger, which charges the battery compartment via a charging cable. The battery compartment contains: The battery pack is charged / discharged via a first constant current and constant voltage power supply module through a first interface; the first constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the PD interface circuit. The control circuit includes a switch and display circuit, a microcontroller, and a power control circuit connected in sequence. The microcontroller is connected to a voltage / current detection circuit and a communication circuit. The power control circuit is also connected to a second constant current and constant voltage power supply module. The communication circuit is connected to the integrated card slot, and the second constant current and constant voltage power supply module is connected to the integrated card slot and the battery pack to be charged, respectively. A cell reverse protection circuit is used to provide reverse protection for the battery pack.

2. The modular energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery box has multiple pre-reserved cavities for installing battery packs. Multiple batteries are installed in parallel in each cavity, and the battery packs in adjacent cavities are connected in series.

3. The modular energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interface is exposed at one end of the housing.

4. The modular energy system according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the housing is also provided with a second interface, which is positioned opposite to the first interface.

5. The modular energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery pack needs to be charged, the power source can be any one of photovoltaic modules, mains power, hand-cranked generator or car battery.

6. The modular energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated card slot has multiple channels built-in to accommodate different devices to be charged.

7. The modular energy system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The integrated card slot uses a plastic housing, and the circuit board inside the integrated card slot is made using a potting process.

8. The modular energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AC / DC dual-use charger includes an input interface and an output interface. The input interface can realize AC 200V mains power and vehicle DC input; the output interface includes different interfaces to adapt to various devices.

9. The modular energy system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The input interface uses a DC input socket JX-DC-4KZ and an AC input socket JX-AC-3JT, and the output interface uses a 9-pin socket that is compatible with the battery box.

10. The modular energy system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Various devices include battery boxes, information terminals, digital control watches, communication terminals, or batteries.

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