Stirring and crushing device for garbage pretreatment

Abstract

The utility model provides a stirring and crushing device for garbage pretreatment, and relates to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment. The device comprises a machine body shell, an exhaust port, a stirring shaft motor and a feeding port are arranged above the machine body shell, a discharging port is formed below the machine body shell, the stirring shaft motor is coaxially connected with an inner driving shaft and an outer driving shaft, and the inner driving shaft and the outer driving shaft penetrate through the upper surface of the machine body shell and enter the machine body shell; at least two sets of vertical screening sections, rotary screening sections and stirring sections are sequentially arranged in the machine body shell from top to bottom, bottom screens are arranged at the bottoms of the vertical screening sections, the rotary screening sections are provided with rotary screening discs fixedly connected with the inner driving shaft, side screens are arranged on the side walls of the rotary screening discs, and the screening sections are provided with crushing cutter sets. The stirring section is provided with a stirring paddle, the mesh size of the bottom screen is gradually reduced, and the single mesh area of the bottom screen on the lowest layer is larger than that of the side screen. The screening section efficiency is matched with the stirring section efficiency, so that the stirring and mixing effects are prevented from being influenced by insufficient materials stored in the stirring section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of waste treatment equipment technology, and more specifically, to a waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Waste pretreatment is a crucial step in the waste management process. Depending on the type, properties, and post-treatment state of the waste, it typically involves processes such as sorting, crushing, pulping, impurity removal, hot water hydrolysis, high-pressure extrusion, and homogenization pretreatment. Among these, wet crushing is commonly used for processing municipal solid waste, which typically consists of chemicals, pulp, and metals. This method transforms solid waste into a homogeneous slurry, effectively avoiding noise, heat generation, and explosions. Furthermore, it boasts high equipment integration and a short processing time. Typical existing wet crushing devices include:

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN215917256U discloses a pretreatment mixing device for hazardous waste, including a treatment vessel with a treatment chamber inside. A screen plate is horizontally installed in the upper half of the treatment chamber. Multiple sets of leakage holes of different specifications are evenly opened at the top of the screen plate. The screen plate divides the treatment chamber into a cutting chamber and a mixing chamber from top to bottom. A solid feed inlet communicating with the cutting chamber is provided at the top of the treatment vessel, and a liquid feed inlet communicating with the mixing chamber is provided at the outer end of the treatment vessel. A treatment motor is installed at the top of the treatment vessel, and a drive shaft is connected to the output end of the treatment motor. The bottom end of the drive shaft passes through the cutting chamber and extends into the mixing chamber. Multiple sets of connecting rods are sleeved on the outer end of the drive shaft located in the cutting chamber, and cutters parallel to the screen plate are installed on the side ends of the multiple sets of connecting rods.

[0004] The problem with existing wet crushing processing equipment is that the processing capacity of the cutting chamber and the mixing chamber are not matched. The incoming material is prone to clogging in the cutting chamber, while the mixing chamber often suffers from insufficient material storage, affecting the mixing effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems of existing wet crushing processing devices, this application adopts a waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device, including a machine body shell. An exhaust port, a mixing shaft motor, and a feed inlet are located on the top of the machine body shell, and a discharge port is located at the bottom of the machine body shell. The device is characterized by: the mixing shaft motor being coaxially connected to an inner drive shaft and an outer drive shaft, which penetrate the upper surface of the machine body shell and enter the interior of the machine body shell. Inside the machine body shell, from top to bottom, at least two sets of vertical screening sections, a rotary screening section, and a mixing section are arranged sequentially. A bottom screen is provided at the bottom of the vertical screening section. A rotary screening disk is fixedly connected to the inner drive shaft in the rotary screening section, and side screens are provided on the side walls of the rotary screening disk. Crushing blade sets are provided in the rotary and vertical screening sections. A mixing paddle is provided in the mixing section. The mesh size of the bottom screen gradually decreases from top to bottom, with the single mesh area of ​​the bottom screen being larger than that of the side screens.

[0006] Optionally, the crushing blade assembly includes fixed blades and moving blades that cooperate with each other. The fixed blades of the crushing blade assembly in the vertical screening section are located on the inner wall of the outer casing corresponding to the vertical screening section. The fixed blades of the crushing blade assembly in the rotary screening section are located on the inner side of the side wall of the rotary screening disc and are positioned above the screen. The moving blades of the crushing blade assemblies in both the vertical screening section and the rotary screening section are located on the outer wall corresponding to the position of the outer drive shaft.

[0007] Optionally, the bottom screen is equipped with a vibration device, and at least one set of crushing rollers is installed inside the machine body corresponding to the feed inlet position, with the crushing rollers located between the uppermost set of crushing blades and the feed inlet.

[0008] Optionally, the fixed tool and the moving tool are multi-faceted tools with 3-5 edges.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom surface of the rotary screening disc is a parallel wave surface with more than three convex surfaces.

[0010] Optionally, the bottom surface of the rotary screening disc is circumferentially provided with a lifting slope extending from the central axis of the rotary screening disc to the side wall of the rotary screening disc, and the slope direction of the lifting slope is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary screening disc.

[0011] Optionally, adjacent fixed tools in the same horizontal plane are set in opposite directions.

[0012] Optionally, adjacent moving tools on the same horizontal plane are set in opposite directions.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: increasing the number of screening stages allows the upper layer of feed to fall quickly into the lower screening stage. The bottom screening stage with the smallest mesh size uses a rotary screening method, utilizing centrifugal force to quickly discharge the shredded feed. After the finer waste enters the lower layer, space is left for the movement and crushing of the waste in that layer, promoting faster crushing speed, thereby improving the feeding efficiency of each screening stage, matching the efficiency of the screening stage with that of the mixing stage, and preventing insufficient material in the mixing stage from affecting the mixing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a bottom perspective view of the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a top perspective view of the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device according to an embodiment of this application (the outer casing and bottom screen have been hidden);

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material lifting slope structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wave surface structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Outer shell of the machine body; 2-Exhaust port; 3-Inlet; 4-Outlet; 5-Inner drive shaft; 6-Outer drive shaft; 7-Vertical screening section; 8-Rotary screening section; 9-Bottom screen; 10-Side screen; 11-Fixed blade; 12-Moving blade; 13-Agitator; 14-Wave surface; 15-Lifting slope; 16-Crushing roller; 17-Crushing roller drive shaft; 18-First channel; 19-Agitation section. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] The present application provides a waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device according to its embodiments. Figures 1-4 As shown, the machine includes a casing 1. An exhaust port 2, a stirring shaft motor (not shown), and a feed inlet 3 are located on the top of the casing. A discharge port 4 is located at the bottom of the casing. The stirring shaft motor is coaxially connected to an inner drive shaft 5 and an outer drive shaft 6, which penetrate the upper surface of the casing 1 and enter the interior of the casing. Inside the casing 1, from top to bottom, at least two sets of vertical screening sections 7, rotary screening sections 8, and stirring sections 19 are arranged sequentially. A bottom screen 9 is located at the bottom of the vertical screening section 7. A rotary screening disc, fixedly connected to the inner drive shaft 5, is located in the rotary screening section 8. Side screens 10 are located on the side walls of the rotary screening disc. Crushing blade sets are located in the rotary screening section 8 and the vertical screening section 7. A stirring paddle 13 is located in the stirring section 19. The mesh size of the bottom screen 9 gradually decreases from top to bottom, with the single mesh area of ​​the bottom screen 9 being larger than that of the side screen 10.

[0026] Solid and liquid waste enter the outer casing 1 of the machine body through the feed inlet 3. It first reaches the uppermost vertical screening section 7, where it is crushed and stirred by the crushing blades. Then it enters the next vertical screening section 7, and the above process is repeated until it enters the rotary screening section 8. Finally, it is thrown out by the side screen 10 of the rotary screening section 8, falls into the mixing section 19 through the first channel 18, and is homogenized by the stirring paddle 13 of the mixing section 19. The crushed solid waste and liquid waste are mixed into a homogeneous slurry and discharged from the discharge port.

[0027] Increasing the number of screening stages allows the upper feed to fall quickly into the lower screening stages. The bottom screening stage, with the smallest mesh size, uses a rotary screening method, utilizing centrifugal force to quickly discharge the shredded feed. The finer waste enters the lower layer, leaving space for the movement and crushing of the waste in that layer, thus accelerating the crushing speed and improving the feeding efficiency of each screening stage. This ensures that the working efficiency of the screening stage matches that of the mixing stage, preventing insufficient material in the mixing stage from affecting the mixing effect.

[0028] The frame supporting the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device provided in this application is not shown in this embodiment. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device provided in this application can be fixed according to actual usage requirements to ensure that it is at least as shown in the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The up and down directions are used to achieve functionality.

[0029] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the crushing blade assembly includes fixed blades 11 and moving blades 12 that cooperate with each other. The fixed blades 11 of the crushing blade assembly in the vertical screening section 7 are located on the inner wall of the outer casing 1 corresponding to the position of the vertical screening section 7. The fixed blades 11 of the crushing blade assembly in the rotary screening section 8 are located on the inner side of the side wall of the rotary screening disc and are positioned above the side screen 10. The moving blades 12 of the crushing blade assemblies in both the vertical screening section 7 and the rotary screening section 8 are located on the outer wall corresponding to the position of the outer drive shaft 6. According to the actual material processing requirements, multiple sets of fixed blades 11 and moving blades 12 can be arranged in a mutually cooperating manner. As an example, in this embodiment, each set of crushing blades in the vertical screening section 7 includes two sets of moving blades 12 and a set of fixed blades 11 sandwiched between the two sets of moving blades 12. Each set of crushing blades in the rotary screening section 8 includes two sets of fixed blades 11 and a set of moving blades 12 sandwiched between the two sets of fixed blades 11.

[0030] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom screen 9 is equipped with a vibration device. The vibration device improves screening efficiency and prevents material from clogging the screen holes. Inside the outer casing 1, at least one set of crushing rollers 16 is installed at the position corresponding to the feed inlet 3. The crushing rollers 16 are located between the uppermost set of crushing blades and the feed inlet 3. In order to prevent the crushed material from clogging the bottom screen 9, the rotation speed and power of the crushing blades are increased to crush the feed more effectively, thus increasing the risk of blade breakage. Therefore, at least one set of crushing rollers 16 is installed at the feed inlet 3 to crush the hard feed in advance and protect the crushing blades. Solid and liquid waste entering the waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device are first crushed by the crushing rollers 16, thereby crushing the harder waste and protecting the blades. In this embodiment, the crushing rollers 16 transmit power to the outside through the crushing drive shaft 17 installed on the side wall of the outer casing 1. The motor driving the crushing drive shaft 17 is hidden. The transmission method and the motor driving the crushing rollers 16 can be selected according to actual needs.

[0031] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5As shown, the fixed blade 11 and the moving blade 12 are multi-faceted blades with 3-5 edges. In this embodiment, to clearly demonstrate the orientation of the moving blade 12 and the fixed blade 11, a triangular blade is shown as a special case. The actual blade structure and edge shape can be designed according to actual needs. To improve the crushing efficiency of the blade for the feed material, the multi-faceted blade significantly enhances the strength compared to a sheet-like cutting blade, and more effectively crushes larger waste materials. It utilizes the shearing force between the fixed blade 11 and the moving blade 12 to crush and shear the feed material. Due to the increased blade strength, it can operate at a higher speed, thereby improving the crushing efficiency.

[0032] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the bottom surface of the rotary screening disc is a series of parallel corrugated surfaces 14, with more than three convex surfaces. In this embodiment, four convex surfaces of the parallel corrugated surfaces 14 are provided. Although the corrugated surfaces with the rotary screening disc as the axis can effectively drive the material flow to rotate, the mixing effect will be reduced. Therefore, this application proposes to use the parallel corrugated surfaces 14 as bottom paddles to stir the bottom material. The mixture of solid waste and liquid waste that has settled to the bottom is pushed back into the material mixing under the action of the corrugated surfaces 14, which fully improves the chopping effect.

[0033] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the bottom surface of the rotary screening disc is circumferentially equipped with a lifting slope 15 extending from the central axis of the rotary screening disc to the side wall of the rotary screening disc. The slope direction of the lifting slope 15 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary screening disc. The movement speed of the solid waste at the bottom is less than the rotational angular velocity of the rotary screening disc, forming a velocity difference. Therefore, when the rotary screening disc rotates, it will be lifted by the lifting slope 15 and drawn into the material flow, thereby improving the degree of mixing and preventing the formation of "dead zones" caused by waste sedimentation.

[0034] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the adjacent fixed blades 11 in the same horizontal plane are arranged in opposite directions. The opposite arrangement of adjacent blades can improve the mixing degree of the material fluid. When the material is carried and rotated to impact the blade, the direction of movement changes in multiple directions under the interference of the fixed blade edge, and the material is fully agitated by changing its direction of movement.

[0035] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, adjacent moving blades 12 in the same horizontal plane are arranged in opposite directions. The opposite arrangement of adjacent fixed blades 11 can improve the mixing degree of the material fluid. In order to cooperate with the multi-directional fixed blades 11, the direction of the edge of the moving blade 12 is adjusted so that it cooperates with the multi-directional fixed blades 11, thereby improving the material crushing and shearing effect.

[0036] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device, comprising a machine body shell, wherein an exhaust port, a mixing shaft motor and a feed port are provided on the upper part of the machine body shell, and a discharge port is provided on the lower part of the machine body shell, characterized in that: The stirring shaft motor is coaxially connected to an inner drive shaft and an outer drive shaft, which penetrates the upper surface of the outer casing and enters the interior of the outer casing. Inside the outer casing, from top to bottom, there are at least two sets of vertical screening sections, a rotary screening section, and a stirring section. The bottom of the vertical screening section is provided with a bottom screen. The rotary screening section is provided with a rotary screening disk fixedly connected to the inner drive shaft. The side walls of the rotary screening disk are provided with side screens. The rotary screening section and the vertical screening section are provided with a set of crushing blades. The stirring section is provided with a stirring paddle. The mesh size of the bottom screen gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the single mesh area of ​​the bottom screen is larger than that of the side screen.

2. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing blade assembly includes fixed blades and moving blades that cooperate with each other. The fixed blades of the crushing blade assembly in the vertical screening section are located on the inner wall of the outer casing corresponding to the vertical screening section. The fixed blades of the crushing blade assembly in the rotary screening section are located on the inner side of the side wall of the rotary screening disc and are positioned above the screen. The moving blades of both the vertical screening section and the rotary screening section crushing blade assembly are located on the outer wall corresponding to the position of the outer drive shaft.

3. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom screen is equipped with a vibration device, and at least one set of crushing rollers is arranged inside the outer shell of the machine body corresponding to the feed inlet. The crushing rollers are located between the uppermost set of crushing blades and the feed inlet.

4. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed and moving cutters are multi-faceted cutting tools with 3-5 edges.

5. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the rotating screening disc is a wavy surface arranged in parallel, and the number of convex surfaces of the wavy surface is greater than 3.

6. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the rotary screening disc is circumferentially provided with a lifting slope extending from the central axis of the rotary screening disc to the side wall of the rotary screening disc, and the slope direction of the lifting slope is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary screening disc.

7. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed tools adjacent to each other in the same horizontal plane are set in opposite directions.

8. The waste pretreatment mixing and crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adjacent moving tools on the same horizontal plane are arranged in opposite directions.

Images