Precoated sand shell mold for casting bearing retainer
By optimizing the casting structure through the coated sand shell back shot process, the problems of casting defects and high costs in bearing cage production have been solved, achieving an efficient and low-cost casting process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422613281.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing bearing cage production method suffers from serious internal defects in castings, high scrap rate, low material utilization rate, and high processing cost, making it difficult to achieve large-scale mass production and reduce costs.
The process employs a coated sand shell type back shot technology, and designs an annular structure including an upper mold shell and a lower mold shell. It is equipped with a gating channel and a gating section. The gating process is optimized through the horizontal runner, flow control runner and riser structure, which improves the gating efficiency and production efficiency, and simplifies the mold design.
This improved the quality and production efficiency of bearing cage castings, reduced processing costs, simplified processing techniques, reduced casting defects, and achieved a highly efficient casting process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223492005U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of bearing cage casting and processing technology, specifically to a coated sand shell mold for bearing cage casting. Background Technology
[0002] The bearing cage is a crucial component of a bearing, partially enclosing all the rolling elements to isolate, guide, and retain them within the bearing. Currently, the market uses centrifugal cast copper as the raw material for production. However, the rising cost of copper has led to a shortage of raw materials. Furthermore, leaded brass suffers from Pb precipitation issues, resulting in a lack of available copper cage materials. Consequently, the demand for ductile iron bearing cages is increasing both domestically and internationally. Existing production methods for ductile iron bearing cages include conventional sand casting and centrifugal casting. Conventional sand casting suffers from severe internal defects, high scrap rates, and substandard performance due to limitations in processes, raw materials, and process control, making large-scale mass production difficult. Centrifugal casting, due to process limitations, achieves a material utilization rate of only 8%, requires a large amount of machining, and results in high production costs, failing to meet current demands for lightweight and cost-reduction. Therefore, finding new casting and processing methods for bearing cages has become an urgent issue. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages, which can be used for casting bearing cages using a coated sand shell mold back shot process, thereby improving the quality of bearing cage castings, reducing processing costs, and improving or solving existing technical problems.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:
[0005] A coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages includes an upper mold shell and a lower mold shell, which cooperate to form an annular structure with an internal cavity. The coated sand shell mold also includes a casting structure for pouring molten metal into the cavity. The casting structure includes a plurality of casting parts disposed inside the annular structure and evenly distributed circumferentially. Each casting part is provided with a casting channel, one end of which is provided with a casting inlet and the other end of which is provided with a casting outlet communicating with the cavity.
[0006] The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in this application also includes the following additional technical features:
[0007] The pouring channel includes a runner, a flow control runner, and a riser in sequence from the pouring inlet to the pouring outlet. The flow control runner has two outlet ends arranged symmetrically about the runner, and each outlet end is connected to a riser.
[0008] The pouring outlet is configured to gradually taper toward the cavity.
[0009] The horizontal runner extends radially along the annular structure, so that the pouring inlet faces the center of the annular structure.
[0010] The flow control gating system is configured with an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the arc-shaped structure coincides with that of the annular structure.
[0011] The casting section includes an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover is connected to the upper mold shell, and the lower cover is connected to the lower mold shell. When the upper mold shell and the lower mold shell enclose the cavity, the upper cover and the lower cover enclose the casting channel.
[0012] The casting section has an inwardly contracting insertion port at one end where the casting inlet is located.
[0013] Along the circumference of the annular structure, the included angle between two adjacent casting sections is set as α, where α ≤ 60°.
[0014] The upper mold shell and the lower mold shell have the same structure.
[0015] The upper mold shell and the lower mold shell are connected by a stop; and / or, the upper mold shell and the lower mold shell are glued together.
[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by this application include at least the following:
[0017] 1. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in this application can be used for casting bearing cages using a coated sand shell mold shot backing process. Specifically, the coated sand shell mold can be placed in a casting sand box, and fixed and heated by filling with iron shot, steel shot, or other media to ensure the operation of the casting process and the quality of the casting. The coated sand shell mold includes an upper mold shell and a lower mold shell. The upper mold shell and the lower mold shell cooperate to form an annular structure with an internal cavity. It can be used for casting bearing cages with an overall annular structure. The specific structure of the cavity can be designed according to the actual required structure of the bearing cage. After the molten metal is poured into the cavity, the molten metal solidifies in the cavity to form the required bearing cage. Finally, the outer coated sand shell mold is cleaned off to obtain the formed bearing cage. In addition, the coated sand shell mold itself provides a pouring structure for pouring molten metal into the cavity, thereby improving the convenience of pouring. The pouring structure includes multiple pouring parts located inside the annular structure and evenly distributed along the circumference. Each pouring part is equipped with a pouring channel, allowing the molten metal to enter multiple pouring channels simultaneously and enter the cavity simultaneously from multiple directions along the circumference of the cavity through multiple pouring outlets, effectively improving pouring efficiency and thus improving production efficiency. It features a simple structure and high efficiency.
[0018] 2. The gating channel, from the gating inlet to the gating outlet, sequentially includes a runner, a flow control runner, and a riser. The runner allows molten metal to enter the gating channel. After entering the runner, the molten metal is divided into two streams by the flow control runner. These two streams enter the riser from the two outlet ends of the flow control runner, effectively increasing the flow area of the gating channel and thus increasing the amount of molten metal poured into the mold cavity per unit time, thereby further improving casting efficiency and production efficiency. The molten metal enters the mold cavity through the riser. A portion of the molten metal is stored inside the riser, which can be used to replenish the molten metal during the formation of the bearing cage, preventing shrinkage cavities and porosity, venting air, and collecting slag.
[0019] 3. The casting section includes a separate upper cover and a lower cover. Separate processing is convenient and quick. The upper cover is connected to the upper mold shell, and the lower cover is connected to the lower mold shell. Therefore, the upper cover can be formed simultaneously with the upper mold shell, and the lower cover can also be formed simultaneously with the lower mold shell, which helps to simplify the processing technology.
[0020] 4. Along the circumference of the ring structure, the included angle between two adjacent casting parts is set as α, where α≤60°. By limiting this angle, as many casting parts as possible can be arranged along the circumference of the ring structure, increasing the density of the casting parts arrangement. The more casting parts there are, the higher the casting efficiency.
[0021] 5. The upper and lower mold shells have the same structure, which allows them to be manufactured using the same mold. This simplifies mold design, as only one set of molds needs to be designed for either the upper or lower mold shell, thus helping to reduce costs. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper mold shell and the upper cover provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold shell and lower cover body provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0027] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;
[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged image;
[0029] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .
[0030] List of components and reference numerals:
[0031] 1. Upper mold shell;
[0032] 2. Lower mold shell;
[0033] Type 3 cavity;
[0034] 4. Gating section, 41. Gating inlet, 42. Gating outlet, 43. Stream runner, 44. Control runner, 45. Riser, 46. Upper cover, 47. Lower cover, 48. Plug-in port. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0036] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "lateral," and "longitudinal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0039] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0040] In the embodiments of this application, a coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages is provided. For ease of explanation and understanding, the following content provided in this application is based on the illustrated product structure. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the above structure is only a specific example and illustrative illustration, and does not constitute a specific limitation on the technical solution provided in this application.
[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this application provides a coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages. The coated sand shell mold includes an upper mold shell 1 and a lower mold shell 2. The upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 cooperate to form an annular structure with an internal cavity 3. The coated sand shell mold also includes a casting structure for pouring molten metal into the cavity 3. The casting structure includes a plurality of casting parts 4 disposed inside the annular structure and evenly distributed circumferentially. Each casting part 4 is provided with a casting channel. One end of the casting channel is provided with a casting inlet 41, and the other end is provided with a casting outlet 42 communicating with the cavity 3.
[0042] The coated sand shell mold for bearing cage casting provided in this application can be used for casting bearing cages using a coated sand shell mold shot backing process. Specifically, the coated sand shell mold can be placed in a casting sand box, and fixed and heated by filling with iron shot, steel shot, or other media to ensure the operation of the casting process and the quality of the casting. The coated sand shell mold includes an upper mold shell 1 and a lower mold shell 2. The upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 cooperate to form an annular structure with an internal cavity 3. It can be used for casting bearing cages with an overall annular structure. The specific structure of the cavity 3 can be designed according to the actual required structure of the bearing cage. After the molten metal is poured into the cavity 3, the molten metal solidifies in the cavity 3 to form the required bearing cage. Finally, the outer coated sand shell mold is cleaned off to obtain the formed bearing cage. In addition, the coated sand shell mold itself provides a pouring structure for pouring molten metal into the cavity 3, thereby improving the convenience of pouring. The pouring structure includes multiple pouring parts 4 located inside the annular structure and evenly distributed along the circumference. Each pouring part 4 is provided with a pouring channel, which allows the molten metal to enter multiple pouring channels at the same time and enter the cavity 3 simultaneously through multiple pouring outlets 42 along multiple directions around the cavity 3, effectively improving pouring efficiency and thus improving production efficiency. It has the characteristics of simple structure and high efficiency.
[0043] Preferably, the coated sand shell can be manufactured in a metal mold. Specifically, the coated sand is pre-prepared, and then the coated sand is covered inside the metal mold for manufacturing the upper shell 1. The metal mold is heated to obtain the upper shell. Similarly, the coated sand is covered inside the metal mold for manufacturing the lower shell 2, and the metal mold is heated to obtain the lower shell.
[0044] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the gating channel, from the gating inlet 41 to the gating outlet 42, sequentially includes a horizontal sprue 43, a flow control sprue 44, and a riser 45. The flow control sprue 44 has two outlet ends symmetrically arranged about the horizontal sprue 43, and each outlet end is connected to a riser 45. Those skilled in the art will understand that the horizontal sprue 43 is used for molten metal to enter the gating channel. For example, the horizontal sprue 43 can be used to connect to a sprue. After the molten metal flows down from the sprue, it enters the horizontal sprue 43. After entering the horizontal sprue 43, the molten metal is divided into two streams by the flow control sprue 44. The two streams of molten metal enter the risers 45 from the two outlet ends of the flow control sprue 44, effectively increasing the flow area of the gating channel, thereby increasing the amount of molten metal poured into the mold cavity 3 per unit time, and further improving gating efficiency and production efficiency. The molten metal enters the cavity 3 through the riser 45. A portion of the molten metal is stored in the inner cavity of the riser 45. The molten metal can be replenished during the formation of the bearing cage, which has the functions of preventing shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, venting, and slag collection.
[0045] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the pouring outlet 42 is configured to gradually narrow toward the cavity 3, which allows the pouring outlet 42 to pressurize and accelerate the molten metal in the riser 45, so that the molten metal enters the cavity 3 at a greater pressure and speed. This helps the molten metal to be quickly and densely distributed in the cavity 3, increases the pouring speed, and also reduces the probability of casting defects.
[0046] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal sprue 43 extends radially along the annular structure, so that the pouring inlet 41 faces the center of the annular structure. Those skilled in the art will understand that this design ensures that the horizontal sprues 43 of all pouring sections 4 point towards the center of the annular structure, forming a radial distribution. Therefore, all pouring sections 4 can be connected to a single umbrella-shaped sprue, allowing molten metal from one sprue to simultaneously flow into all the horizontal sprues 43, improving the convenience of pouring.
[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the flow control channel 44 is configured as an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the arc-shaped structure coincides with the center of the annular structure. The structure is simple and easy to process, and it plays a good role in diverting and guiding the flow of molten metal.
[0048] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the casting section 4 includes an upper cover 46 and a lower cover 47. The upper cover 46 is connected to the upper mold shell 1, and the lower cover 47 is connected to the lower mold shell 2. When the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 enclose the cavity 3, the upper cover 46 and the lower cover 47 enclose the casting channel. Those skilled in the art will understand that the casting section 4 includes a separately formed upper cover 46 and a lower cover 47, which facilitates convenient and quick processing. The upper cover 46 is connected to the upper mold shell 1, and the lower cover 47 is connected to the lower mold shell 2. Therefore, the upper cover 46 can preferably be formed simultaneously with the upper mold shell 1, and the lower cover 47 can preferably be formed simultaneously with the lower mold shell 2, which helps to simplify the processing technology. In the specific processing, the mold used to form the upper mold shell 1 and the mold used to form the lower mold shell 2 can be used with different movable blocks. The movable block that is paired with the mold of the upper mold shell 1 has a mold cavity that fits the upper cover 46, and the movable block that is paired with the mold of the lower mold shell 2 has a mold cavity that fits the lower cover 47. The coated sand can be arranged in the mold and the movable block at the same time. Then the mold and the movable block are heated at the same time, so that the upper mold shell 1 and the upper cover 46 are integrally formed, and the lower mold shell 2 and the lower cover 47 are integrally formed.
[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pouring section 4 has an inwardly contracting insertion port 48 at one end where the pouring inlet 41 is located. By providing the insertion port 48, it is convenient for the pouring inlet 41 to be inserted and connected to other pouring tools used to guide the flow of molten metal. For example, it is convenient for the pouring inlet 41 to be inserted and connected to the sprue.
[0050] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the included angle between two adjacent casting portions 4 along the circumference of the annular structure is set as α, where α ≤ 60°. Specifically, Figure 2 In the aforementioned pouring channel shown in the diagram, which includes a horizontal sprue 43, a flow control sprue 44, and a riser 45, the included angle between two adjacent pouring sections 4 is α. α can be 30°, 45°, etc., as long as it is not greater than 60°. Those skilled in the art will understand that, through this limitation, as many pouring sections 4 as possible can be arranged along the circumference of the annular structure, thereby increasing the density of the pouring sections 4. The more pouring sections 4 there are, the higher the pouring efficiency.
[0051] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 have identical structures, allowing them to be manufactured using the same mold. This simplifies mold design, requiring only one set of molds for either the upper mold shell 1 or the lower mold shell 2, thus reducing costs. In the aforementioned casting section 4, which includes an upper cover 46 and a lower cover 47, the upper cover 46 and the lower cover 47 can have identical or different structures. The upper cover 46 and the lower cover 47 are formed using movable blocks. Different movable blocks can be used with the same mold to form upper mold shells 1 and lower mold shells 2 with identical structures, as well as upper cover 46 and lower cover 47 with different structures.
[0052] Regarding the connection method of the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 after mold closing, in a preferred embodiment, the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 can be connected by a stop joint. In other preferred embodiments, the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 can also be glued together. For example, the upper mold shell 1 and the lower mold shell 2 can be connected by a stop joint formed by a concave stop joint and a convex stop joint, and then fixed by glue.
[0053] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.
[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages, characterized in that, The coated sand shell mold includes an upper mold shell and a lower mold shell, which cooperate to form an annular structure with an internal cavity. The coated sand shell mold also includes a casting structure for pouring molten metal into the cavity. The casting structure includes a plurality of casting parts located inside the annular structure and evenly distributed circumferentially. Each casting part has a casting channel, one end of which has a casting inlet and the other end has a casting outlet that communicates with the cavity.
2. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pouring channel includes a runner, a flow control runner, and a riser in sequence from the pouring inlet to the pouring outlet. The flow control runner has two outlet ends arranged symmetrically about the runner, and each outlet end is connected to a riser.
3. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pouring outlet is configured to gradually taper toward the cavity.
4. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal runner extends radially along the annular structure, so that the pouring inlet faces the center of the annular structure.
5. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow control gating system is configured with an arc-shaped structure, and the center of the arc-shaped structure coincides with that of the annular structure.
6. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The casting section includes an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover is connected to the upper mold shell, and the lower cover is connected to the lower mold shell. When the upper mold shell and the lower mold shell enclose the cavity, the upper cover and the lower cover enclose the casting channel.
7. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 6, characterized in that, The casting section has an inwardly contracting insertion port at one end where the casting inlet is located.
8. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the annular structure, the included angle between two adjacent casting sections is set as α, where α ≤ 60°.
9. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The upper mold shell and the lower mold shell have the same structure.
10. The coated sand shell mold for casting bearing cages according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper mold shell and the lower mold shell are connected by a stop; And / or, the upper mold shell and the lower mold shell are glued together.