Self-discharging backfill friction stir spot welding tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-discharging backfill friction stir spot welding tool, which relates to the technical field of welding, and comprises a stirring sleeve, a stirring needle and a hold-down ring, a gap is formed between the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve, the outer circumference of the stirring needle is provided with a material collecting ring groove communicated with the gap, and the material collecting ring groove is communicated with the hold-down ring groove. And when the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve do relative movement in a similar trend to drive the material storage area to become smaller, the melt flowing to the gap in the material storage area can be temporarily stored in the material collecting ring groove. Through the arrangement of the material collecting ring groove and the material discharging hole, the material collecting ring groove can temporarily store melts flowing into the gap when the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve perform backfilling action, and then the melts in the material collecting ring groove are conveyed to the material discharging hole through the same-direction and same-speed rotation of the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve, so that the melts are discharged; and it is guaranteed that no melt remains in the gap between the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve in the whole welding work, long-time spot welding work can be conveniently carried out, and the welding efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to a self-discharging backfilling stirring friction spot welding tool. Background Technology

[0002] Friction stir spot welding is an emerging welding technology mainly used for welding light metal materials such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys. This technology generates frictional heat on the workpiece surface using a welding tool, causing the material to melt locally, and then, under pressure, joins two workpieces together.

[0003] The schematic diagram of the welding fixture structure in the prior art can be derived from... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the diagram, 1 represents the stirring sleeve, 2 represents the stirring pin, 3 represents the clamping ring, and 101 represents the material storage area generated by the relative movement of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin. Before welding, the clamping ring abuts against the top of the workpiece, the stirring sleeve is inserted into the clamping ring and abuts against the workpiece, and the stirring pin is inserted into the stirring sleeve. This state can be represented by... Figure 1 The welding action involves the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin rotating in the same direction and at the same speed, and allowing relative movement between them along the axial direction. Specifically, this relative movement involves the stirring pin moving upwards and the stirring sleeve moving downwards. This motion can be achieved by... Figure 2 The process involves the stirring pin moving downwards and the stirring sleeve moving upwards to backfill, thus forcing the molten material in the storage area into the spot welding position to complete the spot welding. However, during this backfilling process, some of the molten material in the storage area overflows into the gap between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve as it is pushed downwards. The presence of molten material in this gap affects the relative movement between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve. Over time, this can lead to a deterioration in the welding effect of the welding tool, or even render it unusable. Cleaning the molten material in the gap in short intervals requires tedious disassembly and reassembly work, which not only increases downtime but also reduces the efficiency of spot welding.

[0004] Based on this, we propose a self-discharging backfilling stirring friction spot welding tool to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a self-discharging and backfilling friction stir spot welding tool. This tool can temporarily store the molten material overflowing into the gap through the collecting ring groove, avoiding interference with the welding work. At the same time, under the relative movement of the subsequent stirring pin and stirring sleeve, the molten material in the collecting ring groove can be automatically discharged, which facilitates the subsequent spot welding work and improves the welding efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A self-discharging backfill friction stir spot welding tool includes a stirring pin inserted into a stirring sleeve and a clamping ring sleeved outside the stirring sleeve. A gap is formed between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve. A collecting ring groove communicating with the gap is formed on the outer circumference of the stirring pin. When the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve move in a similar direction and the storage area becomes smaller, the molten material flowing towards the gap in the storage area will be temporarily stored in the collecting ring groove. A discharge hole communicating with the gap is formed on the stirring sleeve. The discharge hole can be connected to the collecting ring groove through the gap. When the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the molten material in the collecting ring groove is thrown into the discharge hole.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the stirring needle is provided with a discharge groove that communicates with the collecting ring groove along its length direction, and the discharge groove is located above the collecting ring groove. The discharge groove and the discharge hole are arranged opposite to each other and are connected by the gap. The discharge groove and the discharge hole together form a fast discharge structure, and the fast discharge structure is arranged in multiple sets in a circumferential array so that when the stirring needle and the stirring sleeve rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the molten material in the collecting ring groove is thrown into multiple sets of discharge holes.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a guide boss is provided on the outer circumference of the stirring pin, and a positioning hole is provided on the inner wall of the stirring sleeve for the guide boss to be inserted, so that the multiple discharge grooves on the stirring pin correspond one-to-one with the positions of the multiple discharge holes on the stirring sleeve.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this invention: the clamping ring is provided with an opening for exposing the discharge hole, so that the molten material in the discharge hole can be thrown out.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the opening is set as a rotary cutting opening, and one inner wall of the rotary cutting opening is sloped and abuts against the outer wall of the stirring sleeve. The thickness of the inner wall gradually decreases from the outer end to the inner end of the rotary cutting opening, so that the inner wall at that point forms a blade.

[0012] As a further aspect of this invention, the rotation direction of the stirring sleeve is adapted to the cutting direction of the blade.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the stirring needle is provided with a material storage ring groove, and the material storage ring groove is located above multiple discharge grooves.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By setting up the collecting ring groove and the discharge hole, the collecting ring groove can temporarily store the molten material flowing into the gap when the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve are backfilling. Then, the molten material in the collecting ring groove is transported to the discharge hole by the rotation of the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve in the same direction and at the same speed, so as to realize the discharge of the molten material. This ensures that no molten material remains in the gap between the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve during the entire welding process, which facilitates long-term spot welding and improves welding efficiency.

[0016] 2. By setting up a fast discharge structure, the fast discharge structure is set up in multiple groups and arranged in a circumferential array. During the backfilling action, the multiple groups of fast discharge structures can simultaneously discharge the molten material temporarily stored in the collecting ring groove and even the discharge trough. The discharge efficiency is high, and only one backfilling action is needed to discharge the molten material temporarily stored in the collecting ring groove and even the discharge trough.

[0017] 3. At the same time, the discharge trough can also temporarily store the molten material flowing into the gap during the burring action, which means expanding the storage range of the collecting ring trough. After the backfilling action, all the molten material in the collecting ring trough and the discharge trough can be discharged.

[0018] 4. By setting the guide boss and positioning hole, the stirring sleeve and stirring needle are assembled by relying on the guide boss and positioning hole, so that the multiple discharge holes in the assembled state are arranged in opposite directions with the multiple discharge troughs.

[0019] 5. The opening is designed to expose the discharge hole, allowing the molten material to be discharged from the opening and preventing the molten material from accumulating in the discharge hole;

[0020] 6. By setting the opening as a rotary cutting nozzle, when the stirring sleeve drives the discharge hole to rotate relative to the clamping ring, the rotary cutting nozzle can sequentially scrape off the molten material adhering to multiple discharge holes. The scraping effect is good, and it is also an automated cleaning process with high cleaning efficiency.

[0021] 7. By setting up the material storage ring groove, which is located above multiple discharge grooves, the material storage ring groove can temporarily store the excess molten material generated during deeper welding. When performing periodic maintenance and cleaning of the welding tool, it is only necessary to remove the molten material that has hardened in the material storage ring groove. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a welding fixture in the prior art. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a welding fixture in the prior art. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure in the diagram;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0031] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the removal of the clamping ring under certain conditions;

[0032] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the removal of the stirring sleeve under certain conditions;

[0033] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the diagram.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Stirring sleeve; 101. Material storage area; 2. Stirring needle; 3. Pressing ring; 4. Material collection ring groove; 5. Discharge hole; 6. Discharge groove; 7. Guide boss; 8. Opening; 9. Inner wall; 10. Material storage ring groove; a. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] like Figures 3-6As shown, a self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool includes a stirring sleeve 1, a stirring pin 2, and a clamping ring 3. The stirring pin 2 is inserted into the stirring sleeve 1, with a gap between the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1. The clamping ring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the stirring sleeve 1. During use, the stirring sleeve 1 moves downwards, and the stirring pin 2 moves upwards, thus forming a material storage area 101 within the stirring sleeve 1. Simultaneously, both the stirring sleeve 1 and the stirring pin 2 rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. That is, the stirring sleeve 1 will first come into contact with the workpiece a and rotate to insert into the workpiece a. During this process, the part of the workpiece a that comes into contact with the stirring sleeve 1 will melt into molten material and be squeezed into the storage area 101 for temporary storage. When the stirring sleeve 1 is lowered to the designated position, it drives the stirring sleeve 1 and the stirring needle 2 to perform a reset action, that is, the stirring sleeve 1 moves upward and the stirring needle 2 moves downward to perform a backfilling action. Under this movement trend, the molten material in the storage area 101 will be squeezed downward to the spot welding position to complete the spot welding work.

[0038] It should be noted that the installation and positional distribution of the stirring sleeve 1, stirring needle 2 and clamping ring 3 on the friction stir welding equipment in this utility model are all conventional settings in the prior art. As long as the three can complete the corresponding rotation and movement functions, they are sufficient. For the sake of brevity, this article will not elaborate further.

[0039] During the above spot welding process, when the stirring sleeve 1 moves upward and the stirring pin 2 moves downward to perform a backfilling action, some molten material will flow into the gap between the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1. In order to prevent the gap from being blocked after multiple spot welding operations, this embodiment makes the following improvements to the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 respectively:

[0040] (1) Improvement of stirring needle 2: A material collection ring groove 4 connected to the above gap is provided on the outer circumference of stirring needle 2. When stirring needle 2 and stirring sleeve 1 make a similar relative movement and drive storage area 101 to become smaller, the melt flowing to the gap in storage area 101 will be temporarily stored in the material collection ring groove 4.

[0041] (2) Improvement of stirring sleeve 1: A discharge hole 5 is provided on the stirring sleeve 1, which is connected to the above-mentioned gap. The discharge hole 5 can be connected to the collecting ring groove 4 through the gap. The positions of the discharge hole 5 and the collecting ring groove 4 are relatively set. When the stirring sleeve 1 moves upward and the stirring needle 2 moves downward to perform a backfilling action, and the two also rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the molten material in the collecting ring groove 4 is subjected to centrifugal force and is thrown into the discharge hole 5 through the gap, thereby realizing the automatic cleaning of the molten material in the collecting ring groove 4. This ensures that no molten material remains in the gap between the stirring needle 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 after each spot welding operation, which facilitates the long-term spot welding operation of the welding tool.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] like Figures 9-11 As shown, in Embodiment 1, during the process of centrifugally ejecting the molten material in the collecting ring groove 4 by the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 moving in the same direction and at the same speed, it is equivalent to setting a discharge hole 5 on the stirring sleeve 1 that is connected to the collecting ring groove 4. All the molten material in the collecting ring groove 4 is discharged through the discharge hole 5 on the stirring sleeve 1, resulting in low discharge efficiency. Based on this, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, a discharge groove 6 connected to the collecting ring groove 4 is formed on the stirring pin 2 along its length direction, and the discharge groove 6 is located above the collecting ring groove 4. The discharge groove 6 and the discharge hole 5 are arranged opposite to each other and connected by a gap. The discharge groove 6 and the discharge hole 5 together form a fast discharge structure, and the fast discharge structure is set in multiple sets and arranged in a circumferential array.

[0044] Under normal operating conditions, the stirring needle 2 moves upward and the stirring sleeve 1 moves downward to perform a stabbing motion, and both also rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, creating the storage zone 101, into which the molten material enters. When the stirring sleeve 1 moves upward and the stirring needle 2 moves downward to perform a backfilling motion, and both also rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, this state can be changed from... Figure 6 To illustrate, the molten material flowing into the gap from the storage area 101 will temporarily enter the collecting ring groove 4. If there is a large amount of molten material flowing into the gap, it will also temporarily enter multiple discharge grooves 6. Then, as the backfilling action proceeds, that is, during the process of the molten material in the storage area 101 being squeezed to the spot welding position, since the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the multiple discharge grooves 6 are always opposite to the multiple discharge holes 5 (the discharge holes 5 and the discharge grooves 6 only have axial displacement). The collecting ring groove 4 and the discharge grooves 6 will then... Instead of passing through the discharge holes 5 from top to bottom, when the collecting ring groove 4 is positioned opposite the multiple discharge holes 5, the collecting ring groove 4 can convey molten material to the multiple discharge holes 5 through the gap. When the multiple discharge troughs 6 are respectively aligned with the bottom ends of the multiple discharge holes 5, the discharge troughs 6 can convey molten material to the corresponding discharge holes 5 through the gap, and the molten material in the collecting ring groove 4 will also be pushed upward into the discharge trough 6 and discharged through the discharge holes 5; as the backfilling action continues, until the multiple discharge troughs 6 are respectively aligned with the top ends of the multiple discharge holes 5, this state can also be changed from... Figure 4 This means that the molten material in the discharge trough 6 and the collecting ring trough 4 will be completely discharged from the corresponding discharge hole 5. This achieves both the backfilling action of the stirring needle 2 and the stirring sleeve 1, and the discharge of the molten material temporarily stored in the collecting ring trough 4 and the discharge trough 6. The cleaning effect is good, ensuring that the welding tool can carry out welding work for a long time.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] like Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, based on the multiple quick-discharge structures set in Embodiment 2, in order to ensure that after the stirring needle 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 are inserted, the multiple discharge grooves 6 can be respectively aligned with the multiple discharge holes 5, this embodiment provides a guide boss 7 on the outer circumference of the stirring needle 2, and a positioning hole for the guide boss 7 to be inserted into the inner wall of the stirring sleeve 1. After the stirring needle 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 are inserted and fitted using the guide boss 7 and the positioning hole, the multiple discharge grooves 6 on the stirring needle 2 correspond one-to-one with the multiple discharge holes 5 on the stirring sleeve 1. When the two are subsequently driven down or backfilled, the multiple discharge grooves 6 and the multiple discharge holes 5 can move in the axial direction, but they always remain relative in the radial direction.

[0047] Example 4:

[0048] Specifically, during the process of throwing the molten material into the discharge hole 5, to prevent the molten material from accumulating in the discharge hole 5, the difference between this embodiment and any of the above embodiments is that this embodiment has an opening 8 on the clamping ring 3 to expose the discharge hole 5, so that the molten material in the discharge hole 5 can be thrown out. This state can be achieved by... Figure 7 To represent it.

[0049] Example 5:

[0050] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment five is that in this embodiment, the opening 8 is set as a rotary cutting opening, and one inner wall 9 of the rotary cutting opening is sloped and abuts against the outer wall of the stirring sleeve 1. The thickness of the inner wall 9 gradually decreases from the outer end to the inner end of the rotary cutting opening, so that the inner wall 9 at this point forms a blade. The rotation direction of the stirring sleeve 1 is adapted to the cutting direction of the blade. Thus, when the stirring sleeve 1 drives the discharge hole 5 to rotate relative to the clamping ring 3, the rotary cutting opening can sequentially scrape off the molten material attached to multiple discharge holes 5. The scraping effect is good, and it is also an automated cleaning with high cleaning efficiency.

[0051] Example 6:

[0052] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in any of the above embodiments, if the depth of the downward thrust of the stirring pin 2 and the stirring sleeve 1 is large, resulting in a large amount of molten material flowing into the gap between the stirring sleeve 1 and the stirring pin 2, and if the amount of molten material temporarily stored in the collecting ring groove 4 and the discharge groove 6 is limited, some molten material will still flow into the gap located above the discharge groove 6. Therefore, in this embodiment, a storage ring groove 10 is provided on the stirring pin 2, and the storage ring groove 10 is located above the multiple discharge grooves 6. Thus, the storage ring groove 10 can temporarily store the excess molten material. Subsequently, when performing periodic maintenance and cleaning of the welding tool, it is only necessary to remove the molten material that has hardened in the storage ring groove 10.

[0053] The above description provides a detailed account of one embodiment of the present invention. However, this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent variations and improvements made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool, comprising a stirring pin (2) inserted into a stirring sleeve (1) and a clamping ring (3) sleeved outside the stirring sleeve (1), wherein a gap is formed between the stirring pin (2) and the stirring sleeve (1), characterized in that, A material collecting ring groove (4) is provided on the outer circumference of the stirring needle (2) and communicates with the gap. When the stirring needle (2) and the stirring sleeve (1) move in a similar direction, the storage area (101) will become smaller. The melt flowing from the storage area (101) to the gap will be temporarily stored in the material collecting ring groove (4). A discharge hole (5) is provided on the stirring sleeve (1) and communicates with the gap. The discharge hole (5) can be connected to the material collecting ring groove (4) through the gap. When the stirring needle (2) and the stirring sleeve (1) rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the melt in the material collecting ring groove (4) will be thrown into the discharge hole (5).

2. The self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring needle (2) has a discharge groove (6) connected to the collecting ring groove (4) along its length direction, and the discharge groove (6) is located above the collecting ring groove (4). The discharge groove (6) and the discharge hole (5) are arranged opposite to each other and connected by the gap. The discharge groove (6) and the discharge hole (5) together form a fast discharge structure, and the fast discharge structure is arranged in multiple sets and arranged in a circumferential array so that when the stirring needle (2) and the stirring sleeve (1) rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the melt in the collecting ring groove (4) is thrown into multiple sets of discharge holes (5).

3. The self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring needle (2) is provided with a guide boss (7) on its outer circumference, and the inner wall of the stirring sleeve (1) is provided with a positioning hole for the guide boss (7) to be inserted, so that the multiple discharge grooves (6) on the stirring needle (2) correspond one-to-one with the multiple discharge holes (5) on the stirring sleeve (1).

4. A self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The clamping ring (3) has an opening (8) for exposing the discharge hole (5) so that the molten material in the discharge hole (5) can be thrown out.

5. The self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The opening (8) is set as a rotary cutting opening, and one inner wall (9) of the rotary cutting opening is sloped and abuts against the outer wall of the stirring sleeve (1). The thickness of the inner wall (9) gradually decreases from the outer end to the inner end of the rotary cutting opening so that the inner wall (9) at that point forms a blade.

6. The self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotation direction of the stirring sleeve (1) is adapted to the cutting direction of the blade.

7. A self-discharging backfilling friction stir spot welding tool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The stirring needle (2) is provided with a storage ring groove (10), and the storage ring groove (10) is located above the multiple discharge grooves (6).

Images