Auxiliary suspension and guide system based on Halbach array

Abstract

The utility model discloses an auxiliary suspension and guide system based on a Halbach array. The auxiliary suspension and guide system based on the Halbach array comprises a suspension piece and a fixing piece. The suspension part comprises a T-shaped framework, an adjustable telescopic device, a rotary motor, an annular Halbach array and a rectangular Halbach array; the fixing piece comprises a bottom magnetic rail, a side magnetic rail and a U-shaped frame. When the rotary motor runs, the annular Halbach array is driven to rotate to interact with the side magnetic track, required guiding force and driving force are provided, the distance between the rectangular Halbach array and the bottom magnetic track can be adjusted through the telescopic rod, and required suspension force is provided. According to the utility model, the condition of transportation load is optimized, the equipment loss caused by contact friction is greatly reduced, the energy loss is reduced, and the stability and the precision of operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of magnetic levitation transportation, specifically to an auxiliary levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array. Background Technology

[0002] The field of magnetic levitation transportation dates back to the 19th century. Scientists discovered that the attractive and repulsive forces of magnets can levitate objects, thus eliminating friction during transportation and enabling higher speeds and more efficient energy utilization. Transporting loads via traction motors is limited by friction and power supply constraints. Mechanical friction not only limits speed but also causes wear, while transporting large loads increases power demand, and high current poses safety hazards. Magnetic levitation transportation can perfectly solve these problems.

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a conventional magnetic levitation transport device that optimizes the transport method. It utilizes the interaction of magnetic fields between the annular Halbach array and the side magnetic rails for driving, adjusts the speed difference between the rotary motors to achieve guidance, and achieves stable levitation of the device through a reasonable design of the bottom magnetic rails and the rectangular Halbach array structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array, which can optimize transportation methods, provide the required levitation and guidance forces, and reduce energy loss.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The aforementioned Halbach array-based auxiliary levitation and guidance system includes a levitation component and a fixing component; the levitation component includes a T-shaped frame, an adjustable telescopic device, a rotary motor, a ring-shaped Halbach array, and a rectangular Halbach array; the fixing component includes a bottom magnetic rail, a side magnetic rail, and a U-shaped frame.

[0007] The T-shaped frame is a centrally symmetrical T-shaped structure, with its vertical and horizontal components orthogonally distributed. The vertical components extend vertically from the center of the horizontal components, forming a symmetrical layout.

[0008] The adjustable telescopic device includes a telescopic sleeve and a telescopic rod embedded therein, and the adjustable telescopic device is installed at the center of the lower surface of the vertical member of the T-shaped frame;

[0009] There are two rotary motors, which are installed on both sides of the horizontal component of the T-shaped frame;

[0010] The aforementioned annular Halbach array is mounted on a rotary motor, and the two share the same central axis;

[0011] The central block of the rectangular Halbach array is mounted on an adjustable telescopic rod, with the center of the upper surface of the central block coinciding with the center of the lower surface of the telescopic rod.

[0012] The bottom magnetic rail is installed on the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame, and the side magnetic rail is installed on the side wall of the U-shaped frame. There are air gaps between the bottom magnetic rail and the rectangular Halbach array, and between the side magnetic rail and the annular Halbach array.

[0013] The U-shaped frame opens upwards, and the internal space is used to support the magnetic track and the suspension component.

[0014] Preferably, the T-shaped frame is made of a non-magnetic material, so it will not generate magnetic field interference in an electromagnetic environment, and the horizontal members of the T-shaped frame are provided with fixing holes at the four corners, so that the device can be fixed to the lower surface of the load using screws or pins.

[0015] Preferably, the adjustable telescopic device includes a telescopic sleeve and a telescopic rod embedded therein. The telescopic mechanism is made of aluminum alloy. The telescopic sleeve and the telescopic rod are precision machined to form a tight fit to ensure smoothness and low friction during the telescopic process. The telescopic sleeve has a locking mechanism to prevent the telescopic rod from sliding when not needed.

[0016] Preferably, the annular Halbach array consists of 12 permanent magnets. The Halbach structure generates an enhanced magnetic field on the outside of the ring and a weakened magnetic field on the inside of the ring. The annular magnets are neodymium iron boron magnets.

[0017] Preferably, there are two rotary motors with adjustable speed, which are installed on the horizontal component of the T-shaped frame. The rotary motors drive the annular Halbach array to rotate and interact with the side magnetic rails to achieve driving and guiding functions.

[0018] Preferably, the annular Halbach array is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the rotary motor, and the two share the same central axis to ensure the concentricity and stability of the rotational motion.

[0019] Preferably, the rectangular Halbach array consists of seven permanent magnet blocks, each made of neodymium iron boron material. The Halbach structure enhances the magnetic field on the lower side, generating the required levitation force by interacting with the bottom magnetic track.

[0020] Preferably, the central block of the rectangular Halbach array is mounted on an adjustable telescopic rod, with the center of the upper surface of the central block coinciding with the center of the lower surface of the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod can be adjusted according to actual engineering needs to move the rectangular Halbach array vertically, so that the rectangular Halbach array and the bottom magnetic track maintain a suitable air gap size.

[0021] Preferably, the side magnetic track consists of non-magnetic fixing frames on both sides and an electromagnet in the middle of the frame. The electromagnets are arranged in a Halbach structure, and the magnitude of the magnetic field is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the electromagnet current.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom magnetic track consists of nine electromagnets and a non-magnetic frame, with two electromagnets arranged on the side wall of the non-magnetic frame and seven electromagnets arranged on the bottom plate of the non-magnetic frame.

[0023] Preferably, there is an air gap between the annular Halbach array and the side magnetic rails, and between the rectangular Halbach array and the bottom magnetic rails, so that there is no direct mechanical contact between the two.

[0024] Preferably, the U-shaped frame is made of a lightweight composite material that is not magnetic, and magnetic rails are installed on its side walls and bottom surface. The internal space of the U-shaped frame is used to support the magnetic rails and the suspension component.

[0025] Preferably, the position of the side magnetic rails in the U-shaped frame can be adjusted according to actual engineering needs. In order to adapt to different load shapes and sizes, the position of the magnetic rails and the length of the telescopic rods can be adjusted to control the size of the air gap between the Halbach array and the magnetic rails.

[0026] The advantages of this invention are as follows: The Halbach array-based assisted levitation and guidance system proposed in this invention can be widely used in logistics, factory transportation, automated production lines and laboratories to provide levitation and guidance forces for the loads that need to be transported, greatly reducing equipment wear caused by contact friction and improving the stability and accuracy of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array proposed in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension component of the system of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view of the system of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of two systems of this utility model working together;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction of the magnetic field after the side magnetic rail electromagnet selected in the system is energized.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction of the magnetic field after the rectangular Halbach array selected in the system and the bottom magnetic rail electromagnet are energized. Detailed Implementation

[0033] See attached document Figure 1 A Halbach array-based assisted levitation and guidance system, which consists of two parts: a levitation component and a fixing component.

[0034] The suspension components include a T-shaped frame 1, a ring-shaped Halbach array 2, a rotary motor 3, a telescopic sleeve 4-1, a telescopic rod 4-2, and a rectangular Halbach array 5. The vertical and horizontal components of the T-shaped frame 1 are orthogonally distributed. The horizontal components of the T-shaped frame 1 have fixing holes 1-1 at the four corners, which can be used to fix the device to the lower surface of the load using screws or pins. The ring-shaped Halbach array 2 is coaxially mounted on the rotary motor 3, which is mounted on both sides of the horizontal components of the T-shaped frame 1. The telescopic sleeve 4-1 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the vertical components of the T-shaped frame 1, and the telescopic rod 4-2 is nested inside the telescopic sleeve 4-1. The central square of the rectangular Halbach array 5 is mounted on the telescopic rod 4-2.

[0035] The fasteners include a U-shaped frame 6, a side magnetic rail 7, and a bottom magnetic rail 8. The U-shaped frame 6 is made of a lightweight, non-magnetic composite material and is fixed to the ground; the side magnetic rail 7 consists of a fixing frame 7-1 and an electromagnet 7-2. The fixing frame 7-1 is made of a non-magnetic material, and the side magnetic rail 7 can be adjusted in position within the U-shaped frame 6 according to actual engineering needs.

[0036] See attached document Figure 2 , attached Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension component of an auxiliary suspension and guidance system based on a Halbach array proposed in this utility model. The adjustable telescopic device is made of aluminum alloy and includes a telescopic sleeve 4-1 and a telescopic rod 4-2.

[0037] See attached document Figure 3An auxiliary levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array, as described in this invention, is installed at the center of the lower surface of the load 9. Electromagnetic coils within the bottom magnetic rail 8 generate a current-driven magnetic field, which interacts with the rectangular Halbach array 5 to provide the necessary levitation force. When the left rotary motor 3-A and the right rotary motor 3-B drive the annular Halbach array 2 to rotate, the electromagnetic coils within the left magnetic rail 7-A and the right magnetic rail 7-B generate current-driven magnetic fields. The left rotary motor 3-A interacts with the left magnetic rail 7-A, and the right rotary motor 3-B interacts with the right magnetic rail 7-B, providing the necessary guiding force for the device.

[0038] Viewed from above, when the left rotary motor 3-A rotates counterclockwise and the right rotary motor 3-B rotates clockwise, a driving force is generated along the positive Y-axis; similarly, when the left rotary motor 3-A rotates clockwise and the right rotary motor 3-B rotates counterclockwise, a driving force is generated along the negative Y-axis.

[0039] When the U-shaped frame 6 has a turning section, the device proposed in this invention achieves turning based on the differential speed theorem. The required guiding force is generated by controlling the speed difference between the left rotary motor 3-A and the right rotary motor 3-B. The slower-rotating side becomes the inner side of the turn, and the faster-rotating side becomes the outer side, causing the device to rotate at a certain instant to the turning center, achieving a smooth turn. If the speed of the left rotary motor 3-A is less than the speed of the right rotary motor 3-B, a guiding force will be generated along the negative X-axis; similarly, if the speed of the left rotary motor 3-A is greater than the speed of the right rotary motor 3-B, a guiding force will be generated along the positive X-axis.

[0040] See attached document Figure 4 , attached Figure 4 With appendix Figure 3 The difference lies in the fact that the two Halbach array-based auxiliary suspension and guidance systems proposed in this invention are installed on both sides of the lower surface of the load 9. For large loads, two or more of the devices proposed in this invention can be used for transportation. If there are turns, it should be noted that the rotational motor speed of the inner system should be lower than that of the outer system.

[0041] See attached document Figure 5 The direction of the magnetic field after electromagnet 7-2 is energized is shown by the arrow in the attached diagram. Electromagnets 7-2 are arranged in the order of a linear Halbach array to enhance the magnetic field strength on the active side, achieving more efficient energy utilization. During the operation of the device proposed in this invention, the electromagnets near the levitation component remain energized, while the electromagnets at a distance are de-energized, achieving the goal of efficient energy utilization.

[0042] See attached document Figure 6 The magnetization direction of the rectangular Halbach array 5 permanent magnet module and the direction of the magnetic field after the electromagnet of the bottom magnetic track 8 is energized are shown by the arrows in the attached figure. The rectangular Halbach array 5 consists of seven permanent magnet blocks. Permanent magnet modules 5-1 and 5-5 are magnetized along the positive X-axis, permanent magnet modules 5-2 and 5-6 are magnetized along the negative Z-axis, permanent magnet modules 5-3 and 5-7 are magnetized along the negative X-axis, and permanent magnet module 5-4 is magnetized along the positive Y-axis. Nine electromagnets are installed on the bottom magnetic track 8. The magnetic field direction of electromagnets 8-1 and 8-5 is from the upper right corner to the lower left corner, the magnetic field direction of electromagnets 8-2 and 8-6 is along the positive Y-axis, the magnetic field direction of electromagnets 8-3 and 8-7 is from the upper left corner to the lower right corner, the magnetic field direction of electromagnet 8-4 is along the negative Y-axis, the magnetic field direction of electromagnet 8-8 is along the negative X-axis, and the magnetic field direction of electromagnet 8-9 is along the positive X-axis. Electromagnets 8-8 and 8-9 are arranged on the side wall of the non-magnetic frame 8-10, and the seven electromagnets 8-1 to 8-7 are arranged on the bottom plate of the non-magnetic frame 8-10.

[0043] The rectangular Halbach array 5 employs a Halbach structure to enhance the magnetic field strength on the active side. Based on the principle that like poles repel and unlike poles attract, 8-8 and 5-1, and 8-9 and 5-7, repel each other, stabilizing the levitated component at the center of the bottom magnetic track 8. When the device is in a turning state, the air gap magnetic flux on both sides is different; the side with the larger air gap magnetic flux will reset the levitated component to the center of the bottom magnetic track 8. Electromagnets 8-2, 8-4, and 8-6, along with the rectangular Halbach array 5, mutually repel each other. The device provides the necessary levitation force. During operation, the levitation components inevitably experience minor disturbances. Taking permanent magnet 5-2 as an example, when these disturbances occur, electromagnets 8-1 and 8-3 attract 5-2, keeping it above 8-2. The same applies to 5-6, maintaining the stable operation of the entire device. The magnetic field strength generated by electromagnets 8-2, 8-4, and 8-6 is greater than that generated by electromagnets 8-1, 8-3, 8-5, and 8-7, ensuring that the levitation force exceeds the attractive force needed to overcome the disturbance. By integrating a Hall effect sensor into the system to detect the magnetic field strength in real time, the excitation current of the electromagnets can be precisely adjusted, dynamically controlling the magnetic field strength to fine-tune the position of the levitation components and ensure their stable levitation state.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array, characterized in that: The aforementioned Halbach array-based auxiliary suspension and guidance system includes a suspension component and a fixing component; the suspension component includes a T-shaped frame, an adjustable telescopic device, a rotary motor, a ring-shaped Halbach array, and a rectangular Halbach array; the fixing component includes a bottom magnetic rail, a side magnetic rail, and a U-shaped frame. The T-shaped frame is a centrally symmetrical T-shaped structure; the adjustable telescopic device consists of a telescopic sleeve and a telescopic rod, and is installed on the vertical component of the T-shaped frame; the rotary motor is installed on the horizontal component of the T-shaped frame; the annular Halbach array is installed on the rotary motor; the central block of the rectangular Halbach array is installed on the telescopic rod; the side magnetic rails are installed on the side wall of the U-shaped frame, and the bottom magnetic rails are installed on the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame; the U-shaped frame is installed on the ground.

2. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The T-shaped frame is made of non-magnetic material; the vertical members of the structure extend vertically from the center of the horizontal members to form a symmetrical layout; the horizontal members of the T-shaped frame are provided with fixing holes at the four corners, so that the device can be fixed to the load surface using screws or pins.

3. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable telescopic device is made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy and includes a telescopic sleeve and a telescopic rod embedded therein. The adjustable telescopic device is designed with a locking mechanism to prevent the telescopic rod from sliding when not needed.

4. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motors consist of two units, which are mounted on the horizontal components of the T-shaped frame. The rotary motors are equipped with adjustable speed.

5. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned ring-shaped Halbach array is composed of permanent magnet modules. The Halbach structure generates an enhanced magnetic field on the outside of the ring, while forming a near-zero magnetic field on the inside of the ring.

6. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular Halbach array consists of seven permanent magnet blocks. The Halbach structure generates an enhanced magnetic field on the lower side of the rectangular array and an almost zero magnetic field on the upper side of the rectangular array. The permanent magnet block at the center of the array is connected and fixed to the telescopic rod.

7. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side magnetic track consists of non-magnetic fixing frames on both sides and an electromagnet in the middle of the frame; the bottom magnetic track has an electromagnet on each of the left and right sides, and seven electromagnets at the bottom, all of which are mounted on the non-magnetic frame.

8. The assisted levitation and guidance system based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped frame has an upward-facing opening and is made of a lightweight, non-magnetic composite material. A bottom magnetic rail and two side magnetic rails can be installed on the U-shaped frame.

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