Pulse modulation percussion drilling tool for underground efficient rock breaking

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas underground drilling equipment, in particular to a pulse modulation percussion drilling tool for underground efficient rock breaking, which comprises an external protective casing and an internal support casing arranged inside the external protective casing. An impact module is arranged on the side face of the outer protection shell, a multi-groove keying structure is installed on the impact module, a tightening wing is arranged in the inner supporting shell and connected with the multi-groove keying structure in a meshed mode, a Venturi tube structure is arranged in the impact module, and a fluid discharging hole is formed in the Venturi tube structure. A fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity is formed in the inner supporting shell. Through reasonable structural design and a fluid pulse modulation mechanism, high-frequency and stable impact operation can be realized under the underground complex stratum condition; the tool is compact in structure, resistant to abrasion and suitable for long-time continuous operation, and the drilling efficiency and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of downhole drilling equipment for oil and gas wells, and in particular to a pulse-modulated impact drilling tool for efficient rock breaking downhole. Background Technology

[0002] Improving drilling efficiency has always been a core concern in oil and gas well drilling operations. As oil and gas exploration and development gradually move towards deeper and more complex formations, drilling operations face greater challenges, especially in hard rock formations or high-pressure, high-temperature downhole environments, where traditional drilling tools struggle to achieve efficient rock breaking and long-term stable impact operations.

[0003] Currently, most downhole percussion drilling tools employ hydraulic or mechanical methods, using periodic impacts and rotations to enhance the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit. However, existing percussion drilling tools have the following shortcomings in complex downhole environments: firstly, they lack a stable and effective axial impact force, resulting in unstable impact effects; secondly, their complex structure makes them susceptible to wear and unsuitable for long-term continuous operation; and thirdly, they do not fully utilize the modulation of fluid energy, failing to generate continuous pulse impacts and resulting in low effective rock-breaking efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, this utility model provides a pulse-modulated impact drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0006] A pulse-modulated impact drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells includes an outer protective shell and an inner support shell. The inner support shell is disposed inside the outer protective shell. An impact module is disposed on the side of the outer protective shell, and a multi-slot keying structure is installed on the impact module. A wing is provided in the inner support shell, and the wing is engaged with the multi-slot keying structure. A venturi tube structure is provided inside the impact module, and a fluid discharge hole is provided in the venturi tube structure. A fluid kinetic energy conversion chamber is provided in the inner support shell, and the fluid kinetic energy conversion chamber is configured to cooperate with the impact module. A reset disc spring is sleeved on the impact module and disposed between the impact module and the inner support shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the impact module is provided with an API connection connector, which is used to connect to the lower end of the drill bit.

[0008] Furthermore, the end face of the impact module is provided with a first spiral step, and the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity is provided with a second spiral step, with the first spiral step and the second spiral step being configured in conjunction.

[0009] Furthermore, the Venturi tube structure is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, and there are four fluid discharge holes, all located in the middle of the Venturi tube structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity is sealed with a top end cap.

[0011] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] This invention features a multi-slot keyed structure on the impact module, with a wing in the internal support housing. The wing engages with the multi-slot keyed structure, allowing the impact module to move only axially. This keyed structure improves the tool's torsional resistance, makes the impact action more directional, and stabilizes the impact effect. Furthermore, by incorporating a Venturi tube structure and a fluid discharge hole within it, the fluid discharge hole connects to the internal support housing during the upstroke phase. The fluid, under the influence of the Venturi structure and the fluid discharge hole, forms a pulsed fluid modulation. This pulsed fluid generates periodic pressure waves during impact, assisting the drill bit in breaking rock and improving drilling efficiency.

[0013] This invention, through its rational structural design and fluid pulse modulation mechanism, enables high-frequency and stable impact operations under complex formation conditions in downhole drilling. The tool has a compact and wear-resistant structure, making it suitable for long-term continuous operation and significantly improving drilling efficiency and the rock-breaking effect of the drill bit. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall design of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional connection of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity and the reset disc spring in this utility model.

[0018] Figure label:

[0019] 1-Outer protective shell, 11-Impact module, 111-Multi-slot keyed structure, 112-Venturi tube structure, 113-Fluid discharge hole, 12-Reset disc spring, 121-API connector, 122-First spiral step, 13-Internal support shell, 131-Wing, 14-Fluid kinetic energy conversion chamber, 141-Second spiral step, 15-Top end cap. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See Figure 1-3 A pulse-modulated impact drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells includes an outer protective shell 1 and an inner support shell 13. The inner support shell 13 is disposed inside the outer protective shell 1. An impact module 11 is disposed on the side of the outer protective shell 1. A multi-slot keying structure 111 is installed on the impact module 11. A wing 131 is provided in the inner support shell 13, and the wing 131 is engaged with the multi-slot keying structure 111. A venturi tube structure 112 is provided inside the impact module 11, and a fluid discharge hole 113 is provided in the venturi tube structure 112. A fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity 14 is provided in the inner support shell 13, and the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity 14 is configured to cooperate with the impact module 11. A reset disc spring 12 is sleeved on the impact module 11 and disposed between the impact module 11 and the inner support shell 13.

[0022] In practical use, by setting a multi-slot keying structure 111 on the impact module 11 and providing a wing 131 in the internal support shell 13, the wing 131 is engaged with the multi-slot keying structure 111, so that the impact module 11 can only perform impact movement along the axial direction. This keying structure improves the tool's torsional resistance, makes the impact action more directional, and stabilizes the impact effect. By setting a venturi tube structure 112 and a fluid discharge hole 113 in the venturi tube structure 112, when the impact module is in the upstroke state, the fluid discharge hole 113 is connected to the internal support shell 13. The fluid forms pulse fluid modulation under the action of the venturi structure and the fluid discharge hole 113. This pulse fluid generates periodic pressure waves during impact, which assists the drill bit in breaking rock and improves drilling efficiency.

[0023] In this embodiment, the end of the impact module 11 is provided with an API connection connector 121, which is used to connect with the lower end of the drill bit. Specifically, by setting the API connection connector 121, the reset force of the reset disc spring 12 is transmitted to the drill bit connected to it through the API connection connector (121) at the lower end of the impact module, providing stable reset support.

[0024] In this embodiment, the end face of the impact module 11 is provided with a first spiral step 122, and the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity 14 is provided with a second spiral step 141. The first spiral step 122 and the second spiral step 141 are configured to cooperate. Specifically, when the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity 14 and the impact module 11 cooperate with each other, the relative movement between the surfaces of the second spiral step 141 and the first spiral step 122 converts the fluid kinetic energy into periodic impact energy, thereby realizing high-frequency and stable axial impact.

[0025] In this embodiment, the Venturi tube structure 112 is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, and four fluid discharge holes 113 are provided, all located in the middle of the Venturi tube structure 112. Specifically, when the fluid passes through the Venturi tube structure 112, the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases, forming pulse modulation and generating periodic pulse fluid pressure. When the impact module is in the upper stroke state, the fluid discharge hole 113 is connected to the internal support shell 13, and the pulse fluid forms a pressure wave to assist in rock breaking and improve drilling efficiency.

[0026] In this embodiment, the end of the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity 14 is closed with a top end cap 15 to ensure the stability of the internal structure. The external protective shell 1 provides external protection for the entire impact tool, enabling the tool to prevent the influence of external impacts, debris and pressure in complex downhole environments, and ensuring the normal operation of the tool.

[0027] Working principle: In actual drilling operations, the lower end of the drill bit is connected to the API connection joint 121 of the impact module. As the drilling fluid flows into the Venturi tube structure 112, periodic pulsed fluid is formed through the fluid discharge hole 113. The pressure change of the pulsed fluid acts on the rock formation, improving rock breaking efficiency. At the same time, through the relative movement of the surfaces of the second helical step 141 and the first helical step 122, the fluid kinetic energy conversion chamber 14 and the impact module 11 form a periodic axial impact, so that the drill bit generates a continuous and stable impact force. The reset disc spring 12 resets the impact module after each impact, ensuring a continuous impact process and further improving drilling efficiency and tool working stability.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pulse-modulated percussion drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells, comprising an outer protective shell (1) and an inner support shell (13), wherein the inner support shell (13) is disposed inside the outer protective shell (1), characterized in that: An impact module (11) is provided on the side of the outer protective shell (1). A multi-slot keying structure (111) is installed on the impact module (11). A wing (131) is provided in the inner support shell (13). The wing (131) is engaged with the multi-slot keying structure (111). A venturi tube structure (112) is provided inside the impact module (11). A fluid discharge hole (113) is provided in the venturi tube structure (112). A fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity (14) is provided in the inner support shell (13). The fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity (14) is configured to cooperate with the impact module (11). A reset disc spring (12) is sleeved on the impact module (11). The reset disc spring (12) is located between the impact module (11) and the inner support shell (13).

2. The pulse-modulated percussion drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact module (11) is provided with an API connector (121) at its end, which is used to connect to the lower end of the drill bit.

3. The pulse-modulated percussion drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact module (11) has a first spiral step (122) on its end face and a second spiral step (141) in the fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity (14). The first spiral step (122) and the second spiral step (141) are arranged in cooperation.

4. The pulse-modulated percussion drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Venturi tube structure (112) is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle. There are four fluid discharge holes (113), all of which are located in the middle of the Venturi tube structure (112).

5. A pulse-modulated percussion drilling tool for efficient rock breaking in downhole wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid kinetic energy conversion cavity (14) is closed at its end with a top end cap (15).

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