Kaplan runner structure and axial-flow Kaplan turbine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a Kaplan runner structure and an axial-flow Kaplan turbine. The rotating paddle type runner structure comprises a runner cone, a runner hub, a plurality of runner blades, a servomotor assembly and a plurality of operating mechanisms. The servomotor assembly is arranged below the rotating wheel body, and the operating mechanism is arranged on the upper portion in the rotating wheel body, so that the number of times of turning over in the rotating paddle type rotating wheel structure assembling process can be reduced, the assembling manufacturability is optimized, and the assembling safety is improved. The runner hub is not used as a servomotor cylinder any more, so that positions needing precision matching on the runner hub are reduced, the casting manufacturability and the yield of the runner hub are improved, the casting cost of the runner hub is reduced, the machining technological process of the runner hub is reduced, the production and manufacturing period is shortened, and the production cost is reduced. When the servomotor cylinder is abraded, the rotating wheel body does not need to be maintained, the maintenance process of the servomotor cylinder is simplified, the maintenance work of the rotating paddle type rotating wheel structure is simplified, the maintenance cost is reduced, the maintenance cost is shortened, and the maintenance efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water turbine technology, and in particular to a propeller-type runner structure and an axial-flow propeller-type water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] The blades of the axial-flow propeller turbine runner can coordinate with the guide vanes of the guide vane mechanism to maintain a favorable combination relationship as the unit load changes. Therefore, the unit has good adaptability to load changes, a wide operating range, and high average efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, the blade servo is arranged above the center line of the blades of the runner body, and the runner body is rigidly connected to the main shaft. The main shaft has a hollow structure inside, in which operating oil pipes are arranged. The runner, the main shaft, and the operating oil pipes constitute the rotating part of the turbine. The hollow structure of the runner body and the main shaft (with a large flange) together constitute the blade servo cylinder of the runner. The runner body also serves as the servo cylinder, and the large flange of the main shaft also serves as the piston cover.

[0004] The traditional impeller structure has the following problems: (1) The upper part of the impeller body also serves as the servo cylinder, and the lower part is used to arrange the blade operating mechanism, which makes the structure of the impeller body complex. There are many positions that require precision matching, resulting in high manufacturing and processing costs. Moreover, the impeller body is usually made of cast steel, and its parts are large in size and complex in structure, so the casting yield is low and the casting cost is also high; (2) The upper cavity of the impeller body is used as the blade servo cylinder. In the high-pressure oil environment, the piston of the servo cylinder moves up and down for a long time, which can easily cause wear of the servo cylinder and even pull. The phenomenon of cylinder is that repairing this relay cylinder (i.e. repairing the rotor body) is very difficult. The repair process of disassembling and reassembling the rotor body is long, the construction is difficult, the repair cost is high, and the cycle is long. (3) When assembling the rotor structure, the piston relay rod needs to be assembled on the upper part of the rotor body, and the operating frame, blade operating mechanism and blade are assembled on the lower part of the rotor body. With such a structural design, the rotor needs to be turned over many times during assembly. The process of turning over the entire rotor is complicated and unsafe. Therefore, the assembly of the existing rotor rotor is difficult, risky, and has a long construction period. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a propeller-type runner structure and an axial-flow propeller-type turbine that can reduce the manufacturing cost, repair cost and assembly difficulty of the runner body.

[0006] A propeller-type rotor structure includes:

[0007] Drain cone;

[0008] The rotor body has a hollow structure and has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the water flow direction; a guide sliding hole is formed at the end of the second end; a plurality of mounting holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the side wall of the rotor body; the second end is connected to the large end of the drain cone, and the guide sliding hole communicates with the space inside the drain cone;

[0009] Multiple impeller blades, each with its mounting portion sealed through one of the aforementioned mounting holes;

[0010] A relay assembly includes a relay cylinder, a relay piston, and a hollow rod-shaped piston rod. The relay cylinder is a hollow structure with one open end and is located inside the drain cone. The open end of the relay cylinder is detachably mounted to the end of the second end. The relay piston is slidably mounted inside the relay cylinder to divide the space inside the relay cylinder into a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber. The piston rod slidably passes through the guide hole and is in sealing contact with the guide hole. One end of the piston rod is connected to the relay piston and has a first oil hole communicating with the first oil chamber. The relay piston has a second oil hole communicating with the inner hole of the piston rod and the second oil chamber.

[0011] Multiple operating mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one of the multiple mounting holes; one end of each operating mechanism is linked to the piston rod, and the other end is linked to the mounting part of the corresponding rotor blade; the operating mechanism is configured to drive the corresponding rotor blade to rotate when the piston rod reciprocates in the direction in which the first end and the second end point to each other.

[0012] In one embodiment, the piston rod and the relay piston are integrally formed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the second end is formed with a support protrusion; the support protrusion is provided with the guide sliding hole.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mounting portion of the impeller blade extends into the impeller body and is rotatably connected to the support protrusion.

[0015] In one embodiment, a first wear-resistant bushing is provided in each of the mounting holes; the mounting portion of the impeller blade is rotatably inserted into the first wear-resistant bushing; and a second wear-resistant bushing is provided at the connection between each of the support protrusions and the mounting portion of the impeller blade.

[0016] In one embodiment, an operating frame is also included; the operating frame is detachably mounted to one end of the piston rod located within the rotary body;

[0017] The operating mechanism includes a turntable, a linkage rod, and an adapter; the turntable has a connecting hole and contacts the inner wall of the rotating wheel; the rotating wheel has an eccentric portion that is radially eccentric relative to the connecting hole; the two ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the corresponding eccentric portion and the corresponding adapter, respectively; the adapter is rotatably connected to the operating frame.

[0018] In one embodiment, the adapter is a fork head; one end of the fork head is detachably connected to the operating frame; both ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the other end of the fork head and the eccentric part respectively via pins.

[0019] In one embodiment, the end of the relay cylinder away from the wheel body is detachably connected to the drain cone.

[0020] In one embodiment, a sealing end cap is also included; a clearance through hole is provided at the position of the relay cylinder opposite to the second oil hole; the sealing end cap is detachably installed on the end of the relay cylinder away from the wheel body and seals and covers the clearance through hole.

[0021] An axial-flow propeller turbine includes a propeller runner structure as described above, a hollow rod-shaped main shaft, a first operating oil pipe, a second operating oil pipe, and an oil receiver.

[0022] One end of the main shaft is sealed to the first end, and the inner hole of the main shaft communicates with the internal space of the rotating wheel body; the first operating oil pipe is slidably inserted into the main shaft, and a first oil passage communicating with the internal space of the rotating wheel body is formed between the outer wall of the first operating oil pipe and the inner wall of the main shaft; the second operating oil pipe is inserted into the first operating oil pipe, and a second oil passage communicating with the first oil hole is formed between the outer wall of the second operating oil pipe and the inner wall of the first operating oil pipe; one end of the second operating oil pipe is sealed through the second oil passage and communicates with the second oil cavity;

[0023] The oil receiver is installed at the end of the main shaft away from the impeller body and is connected to the first oil channel, the second oil channel and the second operating oil pipe respectively.

[0024] The aforementioned propeller-type runner structure and axial-flow propeller turbine, during the assembly of the propeller-type runner structure, complete the assembly of the servo assembly with the first end facing down and the second end facing up. Then, the runner body is flipped over so that the first end faces up and the second end faces down to complete the assembly of subsequent operating mechanisms, effectively reducing the number of flipping operations during the assembly process. This significantly optimizes the assembly process and improves the safety of the propeller-type runner structure assembly. Designing the servo cylinder and runner body as two independent structures eliminates the problem of the runner body being subjected to continuous piston wear as a piston cylinder (i.e., servo cylinder). This reduces the number of positions on the runner body requiring precision fitting, resulting in a simpler overall structure, improved casting processability and yield, and reduced casting costs. Simultaneously, the simplified runner body structure reduces machining processes, shortens the manufacturing cycle, and lowers production costs. By designing the relay cylinder, a vulnerable component, as an independent structure, there is no need to repair the impeller body when the relay cylinder wears out. This greatly simplifies the relay cylinder repair process, making the maintenance of the propeller impeller structure simpler, cheaper, faster, and more efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the propeller-type rotor structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rotor body in the propeller-type rotor structure shown;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the positional state of the servo piston and piston rod in the propeller-type rotor structure.

[0028] Reference numerals: 100, Paddlewheel structure; 110, Drain cone; 120, Runner body; 121, First end; 122, Second end; 123, Guide slide hole; 124, Mounting hole; 125, Support protrusion; 126, Clearance through hole; 130, Runner blade; 140, Relay assembly; 141, Relay cylinder; 1411, First oil chamber; 1412, Second oil chamber; 1413, Clearance. Through hole; 142, Relay piston; 1421, Second oil hole; 143, Piston rod; 1431, First oil hole; 150, Operating mechanism; 151, Turntable; 152, Adapter; 153, Pin; 160, Operating frame; 170, Sealing end cap; 200, Main shaft; 300, First operating oil pipe; 400, Second operating oil pipe; 500, First oil passage; 600, Second oil passage. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] When describing positional relationships, unless otherwise specified, when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be intermediate elements. It is also understood that when an element is referred to as being "between" two elements, it may be the only one between the two elements, or there may be one or more intermediate elements.

[0032] When using the terms “including,” “having,” and “comprising” as described herein, another component may be added unless explicitly qualifying terms such as “only,” “consisting of,” etc. are used. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms and should not be construed as having a quantity of one.

[0033] Appendix Figure 1 The accompanying drawings illustrate the structure and installation state of a propeller-type water turbine structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. For ease of explanation, the drawings only show structures relevant to embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a propeller-type runner structure 100 and an axial-flow propeller-type turbine. The axial-flow propeller-type turbine includes a propeller-type runner structure 100, a main shaft 200, a first operating oil pipe 300, a second operating oil pipe 400, and an oil receiver (not shown).

[0035] The main shaft 200 is a hollow rod-shaped structure. One end of the main shaft 200 is sealed to one end of the propeller-type impeller structure 100. A first operating oil pipe 300 is slidably inserted into the main shaft 200, and a first oil passage 500 is formed between the outer wall of the first operating oil pipe 300 and the inner wall of the main shaft 200. A second operating oil pipe 400 is inserted into the first operating oil pipe 300, and a second oil passage 600 is formed between the outer wall of the second operating oil pipe 400 and the inner wall of the first operating oil pipe 300. The first oil passage 500, the second oil passage 600, and the second operating oil pipe 400 are all connected to the propeller-type impeller structure 100. An oil receiver is installed at the end of the main shaft 200 away from the propeller-type impeller structure 100 and is connected to the first oil passage 500, the second oil passage 600, and the second operating oil pipe 400, respectively.

[0036] The preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a paddlewheel structure 100 comprising a drain cone 110, a rotor body 120, multiple rotor blades 130, a relay assembly 140, and multiple operating mechanisms 150.

[0037] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 The impeller body 120 has a hollow structure. The impeller body 120 has a first end 121 and a second end 122 opposite to each other along the water flow direction. A guide hole 123 is formed at the end of the second end 122. Multiple mounting holes 124 are spaced apart circumferentially on the sidewall of the impeller body 120. The second end 122 is connected to the large end of the drain cone 110, and the guide hole 123 communicates with the space inside the drain cone 110.

[0038] The mounting portions of the multiple rotor blades 130 are respectively sealed and passed through the multiple mounting holes 124.

[0039] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 The relay assembly 140 includes a relay cylinder 141, a relay piston 142, and a hollow rod-shaped piston rod 143. The relay cylinder 141 is a hollow structure with one open end and is located within the drain cone 110. The open end of the relay cylinder 141 is detachably mounted to the end of the second end 122. The relay piston 142 is slidably mounted within the relay cylinder 141 to divide the space within the relay cylinder 141 into a first oil chamber 1411 and a second oil chamber 1412. The piston rod 143 slidably passes through a guide hole 123 and is in sealing contact with the guide hole 123. One end of the piston rod 143 is connected to the relay piston 142 and has a first oil hole 1431 communicating with the first oil chamber 1411. The relay piston 142 has a second oil hole 1421 communicating with the inner hole of the piston rod 143 and the second oil chamber 1412.

[0040] Multiple operating mechanisms 150 correspond one-to-one with multiple mounting holes 124. One end of each operating mechanism 150 is linked to the piston rod 143, and the other end is linked to the mounting portion of the corresponding rotating blade 130. The operating mechanism 150 is configured to drive the corresponding rotating blade 130 to rotate when the piston rod 143 reciprocates in the direction in which the first end 121 and the second end 122 point to each other.

[0041] In an axial-flow propeller turbine, one end of the main shaft 200 is sealed to the first end 121, and the inner bore of the main shaft 200 is connected to the internal space of the runner body 120. The first oil passage 500, the second oil passage 600, and the second operating oil pipe 400 are respectively connected to the internal space of the runner body 120, the first oil hole 1431, and the second oil chamber 1412. Thus, the oil receiver provides low-pressure holding oil to the runner body 120 through the first oil passage 500, and provides high-pressure oil to the first oil chamber 1411 and the second oil chamber 1412 through the second oil passage 600 and the second operating oil pipe 400, respectively. The high-pressure oil pushes the servo piston 142 to slide up and down in the servo cylinder 141, thereby driving the operating mechanism 150 to operate, thereby driving the runner blades 130 to rotate, and realizing the automatic adjustment of the angle of the runner blades 130.

[0042] In the aforementioned propeller-type runner structure 100 and axial-flow propeller turbine, during the assembly of the propeller-type runner structure 100, the servo assembly 140 is completed with the first end 121 facing down and the second end 122 facing up. Then, the runner body 120 is flipped over so that the first end 121 faces up and the second end 122 faces down to complete the assembly of the subsequent operating mechanism 150, etc. This effectively reduces the number of flipping operations during the assembly of the propeller-type runner structure 100, greatly optimizes the assembly process of the propeller-type runner structure 100, and improves the safety of the assembly of the propeller-type runner structure 100.

[0043] By designing the relay cylinder 141 and the rotor body 120 as two independent structures, the rotor body 120 is no longer subject to the problem of continuous piston wear as a piston cylinder (i.e., the relay cylinder 141). This reduces the number of positions on the rotor body 120 requiring precision fitting, resulting in a simpler overall structure. This improves the casting processability and yield of the rotor body 120, thereby reducing the cost of casting the rotor body 120. Simultaneously, the simplified structure of the rotor body 120 reduces the machining process, shortens the manufacturing cycle, and lowers production costs.

[0044] The relay cylinder 141, a vulnerable component, is designed as an independent structure. When the relay cylinder 141 is worn, there is no need to repair the impeller body 120, which greatly simplifies the maintenance process of the relay cylinder 141. This makes the maintenance of the paddle-type impeller structure 100 simpler, with lower maintenance costs, shorter maintenance time, and higher maintenance efficiency.

[0045] In some embodiments, the piston rod 143 and the servo piston 142 are integrally formed. Specifically, the inner hole of the piston rod 143 is coaxially arranged with the second oil hole 1421. In the axial-flow propeller turbine, one end of the first operating oil pipe 300 is connected to the end of the piston rod 143 away from the servo cylinder 141 and aligned with the inner hole of the piston rod 143. One end of the second operating oil pipe 400 passes through the inner hole of the piston rod 143 and the second oil passage in sequence, and communicates with the second oil chamber 1412. The second operating oil pipe 400 is sealed to the inner wall of the second oil passage.

[0046] The replacement piston 142 and piston rod 143, which are vulnerable parts, are designed as an integrated structure, which greatly facilitates the replacement and maintenance of this vulnerable part, further simplifies the maintenance of the propeller-type impeller structure 100, and further reduces maintenance costs, shortens maintenance time, and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0047] In some embodiments, a support protrusion 125 is formed on the inner wall of the second end 122. A guide hole 123 is provided on the support protrusion 125. The provision of the support protrusion 125 extends the length of the guide hole 123, thereby increasing the support area of ​​the rotor body 120 on the piston rod 143, thus improving the operational stability of the piston rod 143, and consequently improving the operational stability of the rotor blades 130.

[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the mounting portion of the rotor blade 130 extends into the rotor body 120 and is rotatably connected to the support protrusion 125. In this way, the support protrusion 125 supports the rotor blade 130, thereby enabling the rotor body 120 to provide two-point support for the rotor blade 130, thereby improving the structural stability of the rotor blade 130 on the rotor body 120.

[0049] In some embodiments, the propeller-type impeller structure 100 further includes an operating frame 160. The operating frame 160 is detachably mounted to one end of the piston rod 143 located within the impeller body 120.

[0050] The operating mechanism 150 includes a turntable 151, a linkage rod (not shown), and an adapter 152. The turntable 151 has a connecting hole (not shown) that contacts the inner wall of the rotating wheel body 120. The rotating wheel has an eccentric portion (not shown) radially offset relative to the connecting hole. Both ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the corresponding eccentric portion and the corresponding adapter 152, respectively. The adapter 152 is rotatably connected to the operating frame 160.

[0051] In practical applications, when the water head or load changes, the oil receiver can supply high-pressure oil to the first oil chamber 1411 or the second oil chamber 1412 through the second oil channel 600 or the second operating oil pipe 400, so as to drive the relay piston 142 to move in the direction from the first end 121 to the second end 122 or from the second end 122 to the first end 121, so that the piston rod 143 drives the operating frame 160 to move in the direction from the first end 121 to the second end 122 or from the second end 122 to the first end 121. At this time, each linkage rod will pull or push the eccentric part to move, so as to drive the turntable 151 to rotate forward or backward around the central axis of the corresponding mounting hole 124, and each wheel blade 130 will also rotate with the corresponding turntable 151 to realize the automatic rotation of the wheel blade 130.

[0052] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the adapter 152 is a fork. One end of the fork is detachably connected to the operating frame 160. Both ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the other end of the fork and the eccentric portion via pins 153. Therefore, through holes or threaded holes are provided at both ends of the linkage rod, the end of the fork away from the operating frame 160, and the eccentric portion, and the pins 153 cooperate with the through holes or threaded holes to achieve rotatable connection.

[0053] In some embodiments, the end of the servo cylinder 141 away from the impeller body 120 is detachably connected to the drain cone 110. This detachable installation method makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the drain cone 110, which in turn facilitates the installation of the servo cylinder 141, the servo piston 142 and the piston rod 143, further simplifying the assembly process of the impeller structure 100.

[0054] In some embodiments, the propeller-type impeller structure 100 further includes a sealing end cap 170. A clearance through hole 1413 is provided at a position opposite to the second oil hole 1421 in the servo cylinder 141. The sealing end cap 170 is detachably installed on the end of the servo cylinder 141 away from the impeller body 120 and seals the clearance through hole 1413.

[0055] In practical applications, when the servo piston 142 slides in the direction from the first end 121 to the second end 122, the connection between the second operating oil pipe 400 and the servo piston 142 can slide into the clearance through hole 1413. This reduces the volume of the servo cylinder 141 while ensuring the safe use of the servo piston 142. The sealing end cap 170 mainly serves to seal the clearance through hole 1413, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the second oil chamber 1412 while reducing the machining difficulty of the clearance through hole 1413.

[0056] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0057] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A propeller-type rotor structure, characterized in that, include: Drain cone; The rotor body has a hollow structure and has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the water flow direction; a guide sliding hole is formed at the end of the second end; a plurality of mounting holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the side wall of the rotor body; the second end is connected to the large end of the drain cone, and the guide sliding hole communicates with the space inside the drain cone; Multiple impeller blades, each with its mounting portion sealed through one of the aforementioned mounting holes; A relay assembly includes a relay cylinder, a relay piston, and a hollow rod-shaped piston rod. The relay cylinder is a hollow structure with one open end and is located inside the drain cone. The open end of the relay cylinder is detachably mounted to the end of the second end. The relay piston is slidably mounted inside the relay cylinder to divide the space inside the relay cylinder into a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber. The piston rod slidably passes through the guide hole and is in sealing contact with the guide hole. One end of the piston rod is connected to the relay piston and has a first oil hole communicating with the first oil chamber. The relay piston has a second oil hole communicating with the inner hole of the piston rod and the second oil chamber. Multiple operating mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one of the multiple mounting holes; one end of each operating mechanism is linked to the piston rod, and the other end is linked to the mounting part of the corresponding rotor blade; the operating mechanism is configured to drive the corresponding rotor blade to rotate when the piston rod reciprocates in the direction in which the first end and the second end point to each other.

2. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod and the relay piston are integrally formed.

3. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the second end has a support protrusion; the support protrusion has the guide sliding hole.

4. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting portion of the impeller blade extends into the impeller body and is rotatably connected to the support protrusion.

5. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first wear-resistant bushing is provided in each of the mounting holes; the mounting portion of the impeller blade is rotatably inserted into the first wear-resistant bushing; a second wear-resistant bushing is provided at the connection between each of the support protrusions and the mounting portion of the impeller blade.

6. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an operating frame; the operating frame is detachably mounted to one end of the piston rod located within the rotary body; The operating mechanism includes a turntable, a linkage rod, and an adapter; the turntable has a connecting hole and contacts the inner wall of the rotating wheel; the rotating wheel has an eccentric portion that is radially eccentric relative to the connecting hole; the two ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the corresponding eccentric portion and the corresponding adapter, respectively; the adapter is rotatably connected to the operating frame.

7. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adapter is a fork head; one end of the fork head is detachably connected to the operating frame; both ends of the linkage rod are rotatably connected to the other end of the fork head and the eccentric part respectively via pins.

8. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the relay cylinder away from the wheel body is detachably connected to the drain cone.

9. The propeller-type impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing end cap; a clearance through hole is provided at the position of the relay cylinder opposite to the second oil hole; the sealing end cap is detachably installed on the end of the relay cylinder away from the wheel body and seals and covers the clearance through hole.

10. An axial-flow propeller turbine, characterized in that, Includes the propeller-type impeller structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, a hollow rod-shaped main shaft, a first operating oil pipe, a second operating oil pipe, and an oil receiver; One end of the main shaft is sealed to the first end, and the inner hole of the main shaft communicates with the internal space of the rotating wheel body; the first operating oil pipe is slidably inserted into the main shaft, and a first oil passage communicating with the internal space of the rotating wheel body is formed between the outer wall of the first operating oil pipe and the inner wall of the main shaft; the second operating oil pipe is inserted into the first operating oil pipe, and a second oil passage communicating with the first oil hole is formed between the outer wall of the second operating oil pipe and the inner wall of the first operating oil pipe; one end of the second operating oil pipe is sealed through the second oil passage and communicates with the second oil cavity; The oil receiver is installed at the end of the main shaft away from the impeller body and is connected to the first oil channel, the second oil channel and the second operating oil pipe respectively.

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