Fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator, and relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment, and the fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator comprises a smoke ventilator shell, a Venturi tube, a first joint, a second joint, a blade fan assembly, a distribution tube and a spray head; the blade fan assembly comprises a center cylinder, a large blade fan and a small turbine blade fan. According to the fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator, negative pressure is formed through the Bernoulli principle to suck away smoke, harmless treatment and cooling are conducted on the smoke through the spraying head, the fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator is large in smoke exhaust amount and light in overall weight, and when the fire-fighting negative-pressure smoke ventilator works, a negative-pressure smoke exhaust area with the diameter ten times that of a shell of the smoke ventilator can be formed through the airflow entrainment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fire protection equipment, and more particularly to a fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan. Background Technology

[0002] In the event of a fire or other accident, it is necessary to quickly remove indoor smoke to reduce the obstruction of vision and harm to the human body. Traditional smoke exhaust fans require electricity to operate and have problems such as low smoke extraction efficiency and inability to harmlessly treat the exhaust smoke. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan that can form a large negative pressure zone to extract smoke and simultaneously treat the smoke to render it harmless.

[0004] This application provides a fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan, including a smoke exhaust fan housing, a venturi tube, a first connector, a second connector, a blade assembly, a distribution pipe, and a spray head;

[0005] Multiple venturi tubes are arranged circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust fan housing;

[0006] The first connector and the second connector are spaced apart along the axial direction of the exhaust fan housing. The first connector is used to communicate with the external medium.

[0007] The blade assembly includes a central cylinder, large blades, and small turbine blades; the two ends of the central cylinder are rotatably connected to a first connector and a second connector, and the first connector, the central cylinder, and the second connector form a flow channel for the external medium to flow; multiple small turbine blades are disposed inside the central cylinder; multiple large blades are disposed on the outer periphery of the central cylinder along the circumference of the central cylinder.

[0008] The distribution tube and the venturi tube are installed in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of the distribution tube is connected to the second connector, and the other end is connected to the spray head installed inside the venturi tube.

[0009] The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0010] The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan of this application includes a smoke exhaust fan casing, a venturi tube, a first connector, a second connector, a blade assembly, a distribution pipe, and spray heads. The blade assembly includes a central cylinder, a large blade, and a small turbine blade. The smoke exhaust fan of this application is connected to an external high-pressure medium (such as high-pressure water from a fire hydrant) through the first connector. The high-pressure medium impacts the small turbine blade and drives the central cylinder and the large blade to rotate. At the same time, the medium passing through the small turbine blade is distributed to the spray heads through the distribution pipe and sprayed outwards. On the one hand, it can treat the smoke gas to be harmless; on the other hand, it can create a negative pressure at the end of the venturi tube away from the spray head, thereby expelling the smoke gas. The exhaust gas is drawn into the venturi tube and discharged from the end equipped with the spray head. In other words, the spray head, arranged circumferentially, sprays high-pressure water mist, creating a negative pressure zone on the side of the venturi tube near the inlet. This negative pressure zone is superimposed on the negative pressure zone on the back of the exhaust fan, which is created by the rotation of the large blade driven by the small turbine blade. This forms a circular negative pressure surface centered on the axis of the inlet (i.e., the first connector), with a diameter at least twice the diameter of the exhaust fan. This application utilizes Bernoulli's principle to create negative pressure to draw out the exhaust gas, which has the advantages of large exhaust volume and portability. The sprayed water mist can harmlessly treat and cool the exhaust gas, avoiding adverse environmental impacts. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view of the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan of this application;

[0013] Figure 2 This is an isometric drawing of the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan in this application;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a vertical sectional view of the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan in this application (only a part of the structure is shown);

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 AA view in the middle;

[0016] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first connector and the protective mesh cover of this application;

[0018] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0019] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gravity balancing assembly;

[0020] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0021] 100. Exhaust fan casing;

[0022] 200. Venturi tube; 210. First trumpet section; 220. Constant diameter section; 230. Second trumpet section;

[0023] 300. First connector;

[0024] 400, Second Connector;

[0025] 500. Blade assembly; 510. Center cylinder; 520. Large blade fan; 530. Small turbine blade fan; 540. First bearing; 550. Second bearing; 560. Conical cylinder; 561. Conical section; 562. Cylindrical section;

[0026] 600, Distribution pipe;

[0027] 700. Spray nozzle;

[0028] 800. Protective netting cover;

[0029] 900, Gravity balancing assembly; 910, Conical inner ring; 910a, First arc groove; 910b, Second arc groove; 920, Balance block; 930, Balance bar. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan, including a smoke exhaust fan housing 100, a venturi tube 200, a first connector 300, a second connector 400, a blade assembly 500, a distribution pipe 600, and a spray head 700;

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust fan housing 100 is circular in shape and is made of 304 stainless steel, which can adapt to the humid environment all year round and withstand strong pressure. In some other embodiments, the exhaust fan housing 100 can also be made of PC material, which can reduce weight and ensure a certain service life.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, protective mesh covers 800 are provided on both axial sides of the exhaust fan housing 100. The protective mesh covers 800 are detachably connected to the exhaust fan housing 100 for easy maintenance and cleaning. At the same time, the protective mesh covers 800 can cover the first connector 300, the second connector 400, the blade assembly 500 and the distribution pipe 600 inside the exhaust fan housing 100. The protective mesh covers 800 can prevent personnel injury that may be caused by the exhaust fan during operation.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, there are multiple Venturi tubes 200, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the smoke exhaust fan housing 100 on its outer circumferential surface. When the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan is placed on the ground, the two Venturi tubes 200 at the bottom can act as outriggers to support it. In this embodiment, there are at least four Venturi tubes 200, and more preferably six. Two of the six Venturi tubes 200 can be selected as outriggers to support the fan on the ground. The fan can be placed arbitrarily without tipping over. The two Venturi tubes 200 acting as outriggers, together with the water inlet pipe on the back of the smoke exhaust fan (not shown, the water inlet pipe can be connected to the first connector and transport high-pressure medium), form three fulcrums, which can keep the smoke exhaust fan in a stable working state. Even if it flips over, the other two Venturi tubes will act as new outriggers to maintain stability and prevent it from tipping over.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the axial direction of the Venturi tube 200 is parallel to the axial direction of the exhaust fan housing 100. The Venturi tube 200 includes a first horn section 210, a constant-diameter section 220, and a second horn section 230 connected sequentially along its axial direction. The large ports of both the first horn section 210 and the second horn section 230 are opposite to the constant-diameter section 220. The small port of the first horn section 210 is configured to be open at one end of the constant-diameter section 220, and the small port of the second horn section 230 is configured to be open at the other end of the constant-diameter section 220. In some preferred embodiments, the first horn section 210, the constant-diameter section 220, and the second horn section 230 are integrally formed. The constant-diameter section 220 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust fan housing 100.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the first connector 300, the blade assembly 500 and the second connector 400 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the exhaust fan housing 100, and the first connector 300, the blade assembly 500 and the second connector 400 are all coaxially arranged with the exhaust fan housing 100. The external high-pressure medium (e.g., water with a pressure of 10 MPa or higher) can be water from a high-pressure fire hydrant or other high-pressure air sources (in this embodiment, water from a high-pressure fire hydrant is preferred). The high-pressure medium is connected through the first connector 300 and impacts the blade assembly 500 (specifically, it impacts the small turbine blade 530), causing the large blade 520 of the blade assembly 500 to rotate, thereby creating a negative pressure behind the exhaust fan housing 100, drawing out the smoke. The medium after passing through the small turbine blade 530 flows through the distribution pipe 600 to the spray head 700, where it is atomized and sprayed out. A negative pressure is formed near the second horn section 230 of the venturi tube 200, causing the second horn section 230 to draw in the smoke and release it outward from the first horn section 210.

[0038] like Figure 5As shown, at least a portion of the structure of the first connector 300 is inserted axially into the central cylinder 510 of the blade assembly 500, so that the high-pressure medium can flow into the central cylinder 510 without leakage. The end of the first connector 300 facing away from the central cylinder 510 is provided with an external thread, which can be connected to the external fire pipe or other structural threads to realize the flow of high-pressure medium.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the first connector 300 can be coaxially disposed on a protective mesh cover 800, and in some preferred embodiments, the first connector 300 and the protective mesh cover 800 are an integral structure.

[0040] Please refer to it again. Figure 5 The blade assembly 500 includes a central cylinder 510, a large blade 520, and a small turbine blade 530. The two axial ends of the central cylinder 510 are rotatably connected to the first connector 300 and the second connector 400, respectively. The central cylinder 510 can rotate around its axis. One axial end of the central cylinder 510 is rotatably connected to the first connector 300 through a first bearing 540, and the other axial end of the central cylinder 510 is rotatably connected to the second connector 400 through a second bearing 550. To ensure that the high-pressure medium does not leak, sealing rings can be provided between the first connector 300 and the central cylinder 510, and between the second connector 400 and the central cylinder 510. Multiple large blade fans 520 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the central cylinder 510 on the outer circumference of the central cylinder 510. When the large blade fans 520 rotate, they can create a negative pressure behind the exhaust fan and draw out the flue gas. Multiple small turbine blade fans 530 are fixedly installed inside the central cylinder 510 along the circumference of the central cylinder 510. High-pressure medium can impact the multiple small turbine blade fans 530 and drive the central cylinder 510 and the large blade fans 520 to rotate.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the blade assembly 500 further includes a conical cylinder 560, which is coaxially disposed within the central cylinder 510. One end of the small turbine blade 530 is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the central cylinder 510, and the other end of the small turbine blade 530 is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the conical cylinder 560. The tip of the conical cylinder 560 faces the first connector 300, so that the high-pressure medium entering from the first connector 300 can impact the tip of the conical cylinder 560 and guide the high-pressure medium onto the small turbine blade 530 through the tip. Figure 5The arrows in the diagram indicate the flow direction of the high-pressure medium, facilitating the rotation of the small turbine blades 530 and the central cylinder 510, and also reducing vibration. The conical cylinder 560 includes an integrally formed conical section 561 and a cylindrical section 562 along its axial direction. The tip of the conical section 561 faces the first connector 300. Multiple small turbine blades 530 are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the cylindrical section 562. In this embodiment, the shape of the conical cylinder 560 is designed to guide flow while simultaneously facilitating the installation of the small turbine blades 530 in the cylindrical section 562.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the second connector 400 is located on the side of the central cylinder 510 away from the first connector 300. At least a portion of the central cylinder 510 is coaxially inserted into the second connector 400. The second connector 400 is rotatably connected to the central cylinder 510 through the second bearing 550. The high-pressure medium flows sequentially through the first connector 300 and the central cylinder 510 into the second connector 400.

[0043] Please refer to it again. Figure 2 The number of distribution pipes 600 is the same as the number of venturi tubes 200, and each distribution pipe 600 is connected to a venturi tube 200 in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of each distribution pipe 600 connects to the interior of the second connector 400, and the other end of each distribution pipe 600 extends radially through the outer side of the exhaust fan housing 100 and into the first horn section 210 of the venturi tube 200. In this embodiment, the medium is guided into the venturi tube 200 through the distribution pipes 600 corresponding to each venturi tube 200 and sprayed outwards by the spray head 700, which facilitates the formation of negative pressure near the second horn section 230 of the venturi tube 200. In some preferred embodiments, the distribution pipes 600 and the exhaust fan housing 100 can be fixed together.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the spray head 700 is coaxially disposed within the first horn section 210 of the Venturi tube 200. The spray head 700 is connected to the distribution pipe 600 extending into the Venturi tube 200. The medium can be atomized and sprayed outward from the spray head 700. On the one hand, it can create a negative pressure near the second horn section 230 of the Venturi tube 200, and on the other hand, it can perform harmless treatment and cooling of the flue gas. The spray direction of the spray head 700 is away from the second horn section 230 of the Venturi tube 200.

[0045] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan also includes a gravity balancing component 900 disposed in the first horn section 210 of the venturi tube 200, the spray head 700 is rotatably connected to the distribution pipe 600, and the gravity balancing component 900 is used to ensure that the spray head 700 can always maintain a certain shooting angle regardless of the posture or angle of the smoke exhaust fan placed on the ground.

[0046] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the gravity balancing assembly 900 includes a conical inner ring 910, a balance block 920, and a balance rod 930. The conical inner ring 910 is coaxially mounted inside the first horn section 210 of the venturi tube 200. The outer circumferential surface of the conical inner ring 910 is in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the first horn section 210. Two symmetrical arc grooves are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the conical inner ring 910, which are respectively called the first arc groove 910a and the second arc groove 910b. The two arc grooves are located on both sides of the spray head 700, and both arc grooves are connected to the conical inner ring 910a and the first horn section 210. The inner ring 910 is coaxially arranged; there are two balance blocks 920, one balance block 920 is slidably arranged in the first arc groove 910a, and the other balance block 920 is slidably arranged in the second arc groove 910b. The balance block 920 can slide along the length of the arc groove (that is, the circumference of the conical inner ring 910) within the arc groove; the number of balance rods 930 corresponds one-to-one with the balance blocks 920. One end of the balance rod 930 is connected to the balance block 920, and the other end of the balance rod 930 is fixedly connected to the spray head 700. In some embodiments, one end of the balance rod 930 is rotatably connected to the balance block 920, which allows the balance rod 930 to rotate about its axial direction relative to the balance block 920.

[0047] The gravity balancing component 900 in this embodiment enables the spray head 700 to maintain its posture. That is, regardless of which two Venturi tubes 200 are placed on the ground, the spray head 700 in each Venturi tube 200 can always rotate to a preset equilibrium position under the gravity of the left and right balance blocks 920, so that the spray direction of the spray head 700 is in a preset direction. The weight (i.e., size) of the balance blocks 920 can be selected to be equal or unequal according to the actual situation, and can be designed according to the required spray direction of the spray head 700.

[0048] One working principle of the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] Place the negative pressure exhaust fan in the selected location and connect the first connector 300 of the negative pressure exhaust fan to the external high-pressure medium (high-pressure water source). The external high-pressure medium impacts the surface of the small turbine blade 530 through the first connector 300, thereby driving the large blade 520 to rotate and generating negative pressure on the back side of the negative pressure exhaust fan to extract the smoke.

[0050] The external high-pressure medium enters the second connector 400 after passing through the small turbine blade fan 530. Multiple distribution pipes 600 connected to the second connector 400 deliver the medium to the spray head 700 and spray it outward. A negative pressure is formed near the second trumpet section 230 of the venturi tube 200 to extract the flue gas. The water mist sprayed by the spray head 700 can treat the flue gas to render it harmless and cool the environment.

[0051] The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan of this embodiment has a large smoke exhaust volume, which is 3-5 times that of ordinary wind-powered smoke exhaust fans. It is also lightweight. When the fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan is working, with the large blade fan 520 as the center, the negative pressure center pressure is between -100 and -500Pa. The airflow entrainment effect can form a negative pressure smoke exhaust area with a diameter ten times that of the smoke exhaust fan casing 100, resulting in high working efficiency.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan, characterized in that, Includes a smoke exhaust fan housing (100), a venturi tube (200), a first connector (300), a second connector (400), a fan blade assembly (500), a distribution pipe (600), and a spray head (700); Multiple Venturi tubes (200) are arranged circumferentially on the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust fan housing (100); The first connector (300) and the second connector (400) are spaced apart on the exhaust fan housing (100) along the axial direction of the exhaust fan housing (100), and the first connector (300) is used to communicate with the external medium; The blade assembly (500) includes a central cylinder (510), large blades (520), and small turbine blades (530); the two ends of the central cylinder (510) are rotatably connected to a first connector (300) and a second connector (400), respectively, and the first connector (300), the central cylinder (510), and the second connector (400) form a flow channel for the external medium to flow; a plurality of small turbine blades (530) are disposed inside the central cylinder (510); a plurality of large blades (520) are disposed on the outer periphery of the central cylinder (510) along the circumference of the central cylinder (510); The distribution tube (600) and the venturi tube (200) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of the distribution tube (600) is connected to the second connector (400), and the other end is connected to the spray head (700) arranged in the venturi tube (200).

2. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust fan housing (100) is provided with protective mesh covers (800) on both axial sides.

3. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the central cylinder (510) is rotatably connected to the first connector (300) via a first bearing (540), and the other end of the central cylinder (510) is rotatably connected to the second connector (400) via a second bearing (550); the first connector (300) is coaxially integrated with a protective mesh cover (800).

4. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first connector (300) has an external thread at the end opposite to the central cylinder (510).

5. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least four Venturi tubes (200) are equidistantly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the exhaust fan housing (100) along the circumference of the exhaust fan housing (100); the axial direction of the Venturi tubes (200) is parallel to the axial direction of the exhaust fan housing (100).

6. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 5, characterized in that, The Venturi tube (200) includes a first horn section (210), a constant diameter section (220), and a second horn section (230) connected sequentially along its axial direction; the constant diameter section (220) is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust fan housing (100), and the large ports of the first horn section (210) and the second horn section (230) are both away from the constant diameter section (220); the spray head (700) is disposed inside the first horn section (210), and the second horn section (230) is used to draw in flue gas.

7. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a gravity balancing assembly (900); the gravity balancing assembly (900) includes a conical inner ring (910), a balance block (920) and a balance bar (930); The conical inner ring (910) is disposed within the first horn section (210); the inner side of the conical inner ring (910) is provided with a first arc groove (910a) and a second arc groove (910b), and two balance blocks (920) are respectively slidably disposed within the first arc groove (910a) and the second arc groove (910b). One end of the balance rod (930) is connected to the balance block (920), and the other end is connected to the spray head (700) rotatably connected to the distribution pipe (600).

8. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade assembly (500) further includes a conical cylinder (560), which is coaxially disposed inside the central cylinder (510) with the tip of the conical cylinder (560) facing the first connector (300); a plurality of small turbine blades (530) are equidistantly disposed on the outer periphery of the conical cylinder (560) along the circumference of the conical cylinder (560).

9. The fire-fighting negative pressure smoke exhaust fan according to claim 8, characterized in that, The conical cylinder (560) includes a conical segment (561) and a cylindrical segment (562) connected along its axial direction, with the tip of the conical segment (561) facing the first connector (300); a plurality of small turbine blades (530) are equally spaced on the cylindrical segment (562).

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