Tunnel deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel deformation monitoring device, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel monitoring devices. A tunnel deformation monitoring device comprises a base and further comprises at least one Beidou satellite navigation system receiver supporting multi-band signal receiving and fixedly installed on the base; the pressure sensor is arranged on the system receiver and is connected with the system receiver; the temperature compensation mechanism is fixedly installed between a system receiver and a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor is arranged in the temperature compensation mechanism, the working state of the pressure sensor is automatically adjusted according to the actual environment temperature, the multi-band receiving technology and self-adaptive filtering of a Beidou system are combined, and centimeter-level even millimeter-level positioning precision is achieved. In addition, the pressure sensor accurately captures structural deformation, powerful support is provided for safety evaluation of the tunnel, the problem of measurement errors caused by temperature changes of a traditional sensor is effectively solved through a built-in temperature compensation mechanism, and reliability and accuracy of long-term monitoring are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring devices, and in particular to a tunnel deformation monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global infrastructure construction, tunnels, as important transportation and engineering facilities connecting different geographical regions, play an indispensable role in highways, railways, urban rail transit, and underground pipelines. However, tunnels face various natural and human factors during construction and operation, such as changes in geological conditions, fluctuations in groundwater levels, construction quality, and vehicle loads. These factors may cause tunnel structures to deform, thereby threatening their safety and stability. Therefore, implementing effective tunnel deformation monitoring is particularly important.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring tunnel deformation mainly include:

[0004] Manual measurement: Regular on-site measurements are conducted using traditional surveying instruments such as total stations and levels. Although this method has high accuracy, it is inefficient, difficult to achieve continuous real-time monitoring, and is costly.

[0005] GPS (Global Positioning System) based automatic monitoring system: Location information is obtained by GPS receivers installed on or inside the tunnel surface to monitor structural changes. However, GPS signals are often affected by blockage and multipath effects inside the tunnel, resulting in a decrease in positioning accuracy, especially in deep and long tunnels.

[0006] Strain gauges and other sensors, such as resistive strain gauges and fiber Bragg grating sensors, can accurately measure local stress and strain. However, these sensors typically only provide point data and cannot fully reflect the overall structural change trend.

[0007] In recent years, with the continuous improvement and development of my country's independently developed BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), its high-precision positioning services have been widely applied in many fields.

[0008] Although the above technologies meet the needs of tunnel deformation monitoring to a certain extent, some technologies are sensitive to specific environmental conditions (such as temperature changes and humidity effects) and are prone to measurement errors. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that some existing technologies are sensitive to specific environmental conditions (such as temperature changes and humidity effects), which can easily lead to measurement errors. Therefore, this invention proposes a tunnel deformation monitoring device.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A tunnel deformation monitoring device includes a base and further includes: at least one BeiDou satellite navigation system receiver supporting multi-band signal reception, fixedly installed on the base, for receiving and processing positioning information from BeiDou satellites; a pressure sensor, disposed on the system receiver and connected to the system receiver, for real-time monitoring of tunnel structure deformation; and a temperature compensation mechanism, fixedly installed between the system receiver and the pressure sensor, with a built-in temperature sensor, automatically adjusting the working state of the pressure sensor according to the actual ambient temperature.

[0012] In order to enable the pressure sensor to move or adjust its posture according to temperature changes and to ensure that the measurement is consistent and accurate even under temperature fluctuations, the temperature compensation mechanism preferably includes a protective shell and a bimetallic strip. The protective shell has a placement groove on the side close to the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is slidably installed in the placement groove and abuts against the bimetallic strip.

[0013] In order to enable the pressure sensor to move flexibly in a set direction and thus automatically adjust its working state, a sliding groove is further provided on the inner side wall of the placement groove, and a support block is installed in the sliding groove by means of an elastic element, and the pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the support block.

[0014] To achieve optimal temperature compensation, a feedback element is installed inside the protective shell. This feedback element is used to monitor and provide feedback on the actual displacement in real time, so as to adjust the compensation amount in a timely manner.

[0015] To maintain the consistency and stability of the measurement, an arc-shaped plate is rotatably mounted on the top output end of the pressure sensor, and a torsion spring is installed at the connection between the arc-shaped plate and the top of the pressure sensor.

[0016] To ensure that the receiver always maintains the optimal signal reception direction, the base further includes a base body and a base plate. The system receiver is fixedly mounted on the base plate. A main shaft is fixedly mounted on one side of the base plate located inside the base body. A first gear is fixedly mounted on the main shaft. A motor is fixedly mounted inside the base body. A second gear that meshes with the first gear is fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel deformation monitoring device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This tunnel deformation monitoring device, combined with the multi-band receiving technology and adaptive filtering of the Beidou system, achieves positioning accuracy at the centimeter or even millimeter level. In addition, the pressure sensor accurately captures structural deformation, providing strong support for tunnel safety assessment. The built-in temperature compensation mechanism effectively solves the measurement error problem caused by temperature changes in traditional sensors, improving the reliability and accuracy of long-term monitoring.

[0019] 2. This tunnel deformation monitoring device directly acts on the pressure sensor through the physical deformation of the bimetallic strip, without the need for an additional power supply. It is suitable for working environments where a power supply cannot be relied upon. Once the temperature changes, the bimetallic strip immediately starts the compensation program, reducing the delay time. Since there are no electronic components involved, the possibility of failure is reduced, making it particularly suitable for long-term use in harsh environments.

[0020] 3. The design of the arc plate in this tunnel deformation monitoring device makes the pressure sensor more sensitive to minute deformations, improving monitoring accuracy. The restoring force provided by the torsion spring ensures that the arc plate can automatically reset when no external force is applied, maintaining the consistency and stability of the measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel deformation monitoring device proposed in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature compensation mechanism of a tunnel deformation monitoring device proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the arc-shaped plate and the pressure sensor in a tunnel deformation monitoring device proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of a tunnel deformation monitoring device proposed in this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Seat body; 102. Base plate; 103. Main shaft; 104. First gear; 105. Motor; 106. Second gear; 2. System receiver; 3. Pressure sensor; 4. Temperature compensation mechanism; 401. Protective shell; 402. Bimetallic strip; 403. Placement slot; 404. Slide groove; 405. Support block; 406. Feedback element; 5. Arc plate; 6. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0028] Example:

[0029] Reference Figures 1-4 A tunnel deformation monitoring device includes a base 1 and at least one Beidou satellite navigation system receiver 2 supporting multi-band signal reception, fixedly mounted on the base 1, for receiving and processing positioning information from Beidou satellites. In this embodiment, the system receiver 2 also has an adaptive filtering function, which can adjust parameters in real time to filter out noise caused by electromagnetic interference and improve signal quality. This feature enables the system receiver 2 to maintain high accuracy and stability in complex electromagnetic environments, thereby providing reliable data support for tunnel deformation monitoring. A pressure sensor 3 is mounted on the system receiver 2 and connected to it for real-time monitoring of tunnel structure deformation. The pressure sensor 3 detects pressure changes on the tunnel structure, converts these changes into electrical signals, and transmits them to the system receiver 2 for analysis and processing. This allows the monitoring device to promptly capture minute changes in the tunnel structure, achieve early warning, and ensure tunnel safety. A temperature compensation mechanism 4 is fixedly mounted between the system receiver 2 and the pressure sensor 3, with a built-in temperature sensor. It automatically adjusts the working state of the pressure sensor 3 according to the actual ambient temperature, eliminating the influence of temperature changes on the measurement results of the pressure sensor 3 and ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0030] The monitoring device is installed at the designated location in the tunnel, ensuring that the base 1 is stable and horizontal. The installation angle and height are adjusted as needed to ensure optimal satellite signal reception. The system receiver 2 continuously receives signals from the BeiDou satellites via a high-gain antenna, utilizing its multi-band characteristics to reduce the impact of ionospheric delay and provide more accurate location information. Simultaneously, adaptive filtering technology effectively reduces electromagnetic interference, ensuring data reliability. The pressure sensor 3 is tightly connected to the system receiver 2. When any slight deformation occurs in the tunnel, the pressure sensor 3 detects this change and transmits the data to the receiver for processing and analysis. The temperature compensation mechanism 4 generates corresponding deformation or response as the ambient temperature changes. These changes are transmitted to the pressure sensor 3, which adjusts its operating state mechanically or electronically to ensure consistent and accurate measurements even under fluctuating temperatures.

[0031] The temperature compensation mechanism 4 mainly includes a protective shell 401 and a bimetallic strip 402. The protective shell 401 is used to protect the internal components from the influence of the external environment. It is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion to ensure that the entire compensation system maintains structural stability under various working conditions. The side near the pressure sensor 3 has a placement groove 403. The pressure sensor 3 is slidably installed in the placement groove 403 and abuts against the bimetallic strip 402.

[0032] The bimetallic sheet 402 has a copper metal layer on one side and an iron metal layer on the other side. When the two are combined, they can produce significant and predictable bending deformation when the temperature changes.

[0033] As the temperature changes, the bimetallic strip 402 will bend or expand. This deformation is transmitted to the slidingly mounted pressure sensor 3 through the placement groove 403, causing the latter to move or adjust its posture accordingly based on the temperature change. Since the pressure sensor 3 remains in contact with the bimetallic strip 402, it can move with the deformation of the bimetallic strip 402, thereby automatically adjusting its working state and ensuring that the consistency and accuracy of the measurement can be maintained even under temperature fluctuations.

[0034] A sliding groove 404 is provided on the inner side wall of the placement groove 403. A support block 405 is installed in the sliding groove 404 through an elastic element. The pressure sensor 3 is fixedly installed on the support block 405.

[0035] Since the pressure sensor 3 is fixedly mounted on the support block 405, and the support block 405 is mounted in the slide groove 404 through an elastic element, preferably a spring, it can move flexibly along the slide groove 404 as the bimetallic strip 402 deforms, thereby automatically adjusting its working state and ensuring that the measurement consistency and accuracy can be maintained even under temperature fluctuations.

[0036] A feedback element 406 is installed inside the protective housing 401. The feedback element 406 is used to monitor and provide feedback on the actual displacement in real time so as to adjust the compensation amount in a timely manner.

[0037] Feedback element 406 includes, but is not limited to, limit switches, micro switches or photoelectric sensors. These elements can monitor and provide feedback on the actual displacement in real time so that the system receiver 2 can adjust the compensation amount in a timely manner to avoid over- or under-compensation, thereby achieving the best temperature compensation effect.

[0038] An arc-shaped plate 5 is rotatably mounted on the top output end of the pressure sensor 3, and a torsion spring 6 is installed at the connection between the arc-shaped plate 5 and the top of the pressure sensor 3.

[0039] When the pressure sensor 3 senses a change in external pressure, the arc plate 5 can rotate according to the direction and magnitude of the pressure to more sensitively capture information about structural deformation. The torsion spring 6 provides a certain restoring force to ensure that the arc plate 5 can return to its initial position when no external force is applied, thus maintaining the consistency and stability of the measurement.

[0040] The base 1 includes a base body 101 and a base plate 102. The system receiver 2 is fixedly installed on the base plate 102. A main shaft 103 is fixedly installed on the side of the base plate 102 located inside the base body 101. A first gear 104 is fixedly installed on the main shaft 103. A motor 105 is fixedly installed inside the base body 101. A second gear 106 that meshes with the first gear 104 is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor 105.

[0041] After the motor 105 starts, the second gear 106 at its output end rotates, which drives the first gear 104 and the main shaft 103 to rotate through gear meshing. The rotation of the main shaft 103 will change the attitude of the system receiver 2, ensuring that the receiver always maintains the best signal reception direction, especially in complex tunnel environments.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel deformation monitoring device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: At least one Beidou satellite navigation system receiver (2) supporting multi-band signal reception is fixedly installed on the base (1) for receiving and processing positioning information from Beidou satellites; A pressure sensor (3) is installed on the system receiver (2) and connected to the system receiver (2) for real-time monitoring of tunnel structure deformation; Temperature compensation mechanism (4) is fixedly installed between the system receiver (2) and the pressure sensor (3), with a built-in temperature sensor, and automatically adjusts the working state of the pressure sensor (3) according to the actual ambient temperature.

2. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature compensation mechanism (4) mainly includes a protective shell (401) and a bimetallic strip (402). The protective shell (401) has a placement groove (403) on the side close to the pressure sensor (3). The pressure sensor (3) is slidably installed in the placement groove (403) and abuts against the bimetallic strip (402).

3. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner sidewall of the placement groove (403) is provided with a sliding groove (404), and a support block (405) is installed in the sliding groove (404) by means of an elastic element. The pressure sensor (3) is fixedly installed on the support block (405).

4. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective shell (401) is equipped with a feedback element (406), which is used to monitor and provide feedback on the actual displacement in real time so as to adjust the compensation amount in a timely manner.

5. A tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, An arc-shaped plate (5) is rotatably mounted on the top output end of the pressure sensor (3), and a torsion spring (6) is installed at the connection between the arc-shaped plate (5) and the top of the pressure sensor (3).

6. A tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a seat body (101) and a base plate (102). The system receiver (2) is fixedly installed on the base plate (102). A main shaft (103) is fixedly installed on the side of the base plate (102) located inside the seat body (101). A first gear (104) is fixedly installed on the main shaft (103). A motor (105) is fixedly installed inside the seat body (101). A second gear (106) that meshes with the first gear (104) is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor (105).

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